Organelles

Biology I

Plant Cell

Cellular boundaries

Cell membrane: thin flexible barrier around cells

Cell Wall: An inflexible barrier protects the cell and gives support found in

Bacteria Fungi Plants

Cytoplasm: clear gelatinous fluid inside a cell

Nucleus

Controls most of cell processes contains DNA

Contains material for making proteins Chromatin-

DNA bound to proteins When divides forms chromosomes Contain genetic info

Nucleus

Nucleolus: within the nucleus makes ribosomes

Nuclear envelope- double membrane around nucleus Filled with pores

allows genetic material to pass through

Animal Cells

Cytoskeleton provide support for the cell Made up of protein Microtubules-

provide shape tracks for organelle movement Help separate chromosomes

Microfillament Long thin fibers function to support cell

Support and Locomotion

Cilia: short hairlike projections move in a wavelike motion

Flagella: long projections move in a whip like motion

Paramecium Cilia

Euglena- Flagellum

Assembly, Transport and Storage

Endoplasmic reticulum: Parts of cell membrane are made

proteins are modified Ribosomes

proteins made

ER not for doctors anymore

Rough ER- proteins are modified here (synthesis) Ribosomes dot surface of Rough ER

Smooth ER- Enzymes perform specialized tasks

Golgi

Golgi Apparatus: Sort and

package proteins Send out

proteins to particular destinations

Mail room:)

Storage and deletion Vacuoles:

temporary storage of materials plants have a big Vacuole

Lysosomes- small organelles filled with enzymes Break down lipids, carbohydrates and

proteins Break down organelles which are no longer

useful

Energy Transfers

Chloroplasts: capture light energy produce food to store for a later time

Mitochandria: Transform energy for the cell. “Power house” of the cell Use energy from food

Plant Cells

Paramecium

Euglena