Organic CompoundsOrganic Compounds

Organic CompoundsOrganic Compounds

Carbon – HydrogenCarbon – Hydrogen

- Usually Oxygen- Usually Oxygen

Also: NitrogenAlso: Nitrogen

SulfurSulfur

PhosphorusPhosphorus

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates C – H – O C – H – O

Same 2:1 Ratio as is in water (HSame 2:1 Ratio as is in water (H220)0)

Monosaccharides- 3 to 7 Carbon AtomsMonosaccharides- 3 to 7 Carbon Atoms

- Glucose & Fructose- Glucose & Fructose

Disaccharides- 2 Mono’s bonded togetherDisaccharides- 2 Mono’s bonded together

- Sucrose- Sucrose

Polysaccharides- 3 + sugarsPolysaccharides- 3 + sugars

-Starch & Cellulose-Starch & Cellulose

LipidsLipids

C – H – OC – H – O

- no fixed ratio- no fixed ratio

• Fats or OilsFats or Oils

• Fatty Acids-Fatty Acids- Building blocks of Lipids Building blocks of Lipids

Lipid FunctionLipid Function

Long term storage of Energy & CarbonLong term storage of Energy & Carbon

Building of Structural parts of cellBuilding of Structural parts of cell

Non- PolarNon- Polar

- Does not dissolve in water- Does not dissolve in water

LipidsLipids

Saturated Fatty AcidsSaturated Fatty Acids

Solids at room temperatureSolids at room temperature

Carbons have single bonds, therefore they Carbons have single bonds, therefore they are saturated with hydrogen atomsare saturated with hydrogen atoms

ExamplesExamples- Butter- Butter- Lard- Lard

Unsaturated Fatty AcidsUnsaturated Fatty Acids

Liquids at room temperatureLiquids at room temperature

Carbons have double bonds, therefore they Carbons have double bonds, therefore they are not saturated with Hydrogen atomsare not saturated with Hydrogen atoms

Examples:Examples:- Olive Oil- Olive Oil- Corn Oil- Corn Oil

ProteinsProteins

Made from Made from Amino AcidsAmino Acids

Structural components of cellsStructural components of cells

Used in defense mechanismUsed in defense mechanism

and as and as enzymesenzymes..

ProteinsProteins

Amino AcidsAmino Acids

Amino Group (-NHAmino Group (-NH22)) Acid Group (-COOH)Acid Group (-COOH) R- (Variable Group)R- (Variable Group)

20 different types of Amino Acids20 different types of Amino Acids Sequence of AA’s determines the structure Sequence of AA’s determines the structure

of the proteinof the protein

Nucleic AcidsNucleic Acids

Dictate Amino Acid sequence of proteinsDictate Amino Acid sequence of proteins

Source of genetic informationSource of genetic information

Made up of Made up of NucleotidesNucleotides