ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY: DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONSTO ENERGY, CLIMATE, ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HISTORY

0;T'-T.'?lBLIQTHEKANNOVER

DHMISCHE

Forewordxxxii

PART 1. STABLE ISOTOPE BIOGEOCHEMISTRY

Controls on the Carbon Isotopic Composition ofMarine PhytoplanktonE.A. Laws, B.N. Popp, R.R. Bidigare, F. Kenig and S.G. Wakeham 3

Carbon Isotopic Fractionation in Lipid Biosynthesis by Algae and CyanobacteriaR.E. Summons, J.M. Hope, L.M. Dowling, L.L Jahnke, C. Largeau and P. Metzger 6

Recognition of Regional Variations in the Depositional Environment of the Monterey Formation byCompound-Specific Isotope AnalysisS. Schouten, M. Schoell, W.I.C. Rijpstra, J.W. de Leeuw and J.S. Sinninghe Damste 7

"C in Lipids from Marine Particulates

J.M. Hayes, D.J. Hollander, S.G. Wakeham and T. Pease 10

A New Approach to Investigate Sulfur-Rich Macromolecules. Stepwise Chemical DegradationsCombined with IrmGC-MSV. Hauke, J. Hefter, P. Wehrung, P. Albrecht, H.H. Richnow and W. Michaelis 11

Environmental and Physiological Controls on the SnC of Phytoplankton Biomarkers: Sterols andAlkenonesfrom Marine Waters and SedimentsK.H. Freeman, R.D. Pancost, T.R. Filley and S.G. Wakeham 14

Measurement and Assessment of the Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of ChlorophyllDerivatives

J.P. Sachs, D.J. Repeta and A. Hilkert16

Use of GC-IRMS to Characterize Thermal Maturity and Origin of Gas and Gasoline in theAquitaine Basin (France)G. Lacrampe-Couloume, J. Connan and Y. Poirier 19

The Distributions and Carbon Isotopic Compositions of Individual Lipids and of Bulk OrganicMatter in Acid Upland Soils

Y. Huang, R. Bol, D. Harkness, P. Ineson and G. Eglinton 23

Carbon Isotopic Distributions of Individual Saturated Long-Chain n-Fatty Acids in Terrestrialand Marine Sediments.

H. Naraoka and R. Ishiwatari 26

Elemental, Isotopic, and Molecular Effects of an Igneous Intrusion on a Cretaceous Coal SeamPA. Meyers and B.R.T. Simoneit

29

Stable Carbon Isotope Composition ofIndividual Compounds in Crude Oils from Turpan Basin,Xinjiang China

Jiajing Yang , Boliang Hu and Qibin Wen 31

Nutrient Cycling in Modern Planktonic Foraminifera as Determined by Bulk and CompoundSpecific Stable Isotopic Analyses oforganisms and their diets

M.E. Utile, S.A. Macko, H.J." Sperb and M.H. Engel 34

A Novel Isotopic Approach to Study Soil Organic Substances

E. Liehtibuse, S. Dou, J. Balesdent, A. Mariotti, F. Behar and M. Vandenbroucke 37

Compound Specific Isotopic Compositions for End Members of Crude Oils and Related Source

Rocks from the Liaohe Basin: Paleoenvironmental ImplicationsMaow'en Li, S. Larter, B. Mei and M. Bjor0y 38

Solubilisation-Diffusion of C, and C2 in Shales: Experimental Determination of Carbon and

Hydrogen Isotope Fractionation *'

E. Pernaton, A. Prinzhofer and F. Schneider 41

Kinetic Isotope Effects During Dipeptide Cyclization: Stable Isotope Composition ofDiketopiperazineM.H. Engel, A. Hua, V. Andrusevich, R. Maynard and S.A. Macko 43

Methane Stable Carbon Isotopic Analysis of Natural Aquatic Systems by irm-GC/MS

F.J. Sansone, B.N. Popp and T.M. Rust.

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45

Factors Controlling the "C in Suspended Particulate Organic Carbon from the Amundsen and

Bellingshausen Seas, Antarctica

A.R.McTaggart, J.M. Hayes, J.P. Jasper and S. Sakata 47

The Carbon Isotopic Distribution Pattern of Individual Hydrocarbons in Crude Oils fromDifferent Depositional Environments

Zhao Mengjun and Huang Difan 49

PART 2. PALAEOENVIRONMENT AND SOURCE ROCK OCCURRENCE

Molecular Palaeontological Evidence for Photic Zone Anoxia in Past Depositional EnvironmentsJ.S. Sinninghe Damste, M.P. Koopmans, J. Koster, H.M.E. van Kaam-Peters, F. Kenig, S.

Schoulen and J.W. de Leeuw 55

Biomarker Based Stratigraphic Correlation of Lower Congo Coastal Basin Wells

B. Mycke and R. Burwood 58

Stable Carbon Isotopic Compositions and Distributions of Biomarkers in the Permian

KupferschieferK. Grice, L. Schwark, P. Schaeffer, C.B. Eckardt and J.R. Maxwell 61

Comparative Geochemical Characterization of Gulf of Mexico Oils Derived from Jurassic to

Miocene Source Rocks: A Biological Marker and Isotope ApproachM.R. Mello, L.A.F. Trindadc, S.M.B. de Grande, H.L. de B. Penteado, M. Guzman, N. Holguin,C. Garcia, A.G. Requejo, R. Sassen, T. McDonald, L.E. Navarrele Reyes, P.G. Campos Jorge and

J.O. Lopez Quintero 65

Palaeoenvirotvnental Studies of the Be'eri Sulfur Deposit: Structural and Carbon Isotope AspectsR.Y.P. Burhun, P. Adam, J.M. trendel, P. Albrccht and A. Nisscnbaum 67

Organic Geochemistry and Depositional Environments ofMesozoic Organic-Rich Carbonates

S.E. Palmer, G. K. Khorasani and R.W. Scotl 70

Organic Fades and Maturity of the Jurassic and Paleogene Source Rocks Underlying the West

Carpathians and their Possible Relationship to Oils in the SE Czech RepublicJ. Francii, M. Radke, B. Horsfield, R.G. Schaefer, H. Willsch and F. Leistner 74

Reconstruction of the Depositional Environment of Toarcian Marlstones (Allguu Formation,

Tyrol/Austria) using Biomarkers and Compound Specific Carbon Isotope AnalysesJ. Koster, S. Sehouten, J.S. Sinningue Damste and J.W. de Leeuw 76

Organic Geochemistry of Earlv Dicn>enetic Concretions

K. Kiriakoulakis, }.D. Marshall and G.A. Wolff !<)

Organofucies Distribution in Mid-Cretaceous Black Shales and their I'alcoenvironmental

Significance (Upper Magdalena Valley, Colombia)

U. Mann and R. Stein '. S2

Diversity ofAromatisation Within a Lignite Measure

Cs. Sajgo, M. Hetenyi and A. Brukner-Wcin S4

VI

A Molecular Organic Geochemical Study of Black Shales Associated with Diatomites from theOligocene Menilite Shale (Flysch Carpathians SE Poland)J. Koster, M. Rospondek, A. Zubrzycki, M. Kotarba, J.W. de Leeuw and J.S. Sinninghe Damste 87

Hydrocarbon Source-Rocks in the Paleogene of the Island ofMallorcaF. Melendez-Hevia, A. Permanyer and E. Ramos-Guen-ero 90

Petroleum Systems of the Lower Magdalena Valley Basin, N.W. Colombia

O. Luna Arteaga 94

The Structure of Organic Matter and its Generational Potential in the Sediments of Tiro andKreteus Deep-Sea Depression (Ionian Sea)A.I. Konyukhov and Ju I. Korchagina 96

Organic Matter Characteristics, Depositional Environments and Oil Potential of Typical Fresh-Water Lacustrine Oil Shales in China

Luo Fu Liu and Wang Chunjiang 99

Geochemical Features ofPreCambrian Ancient Source Rocks in the East-European PlatformO.K. Bazhenova and O.A. Arefiev 101

Deposition of Tertiary Oil Shales and Lignites of the Mae Moh Basin, Northern Thailand

M. Le Van, T.A. Abrajano, E. Burden and L. Winsor 104

Novel Series of Bicyclic Alkanes Characterized in Brazilian Coal SamplesM.R.B. Loureiro, A.C. de O. Macedo and J.N. Cardoso 107

Comparative Study of the Effects of Inorganic Diagenesis and Petrophysical Properties on the

Generation and Migration of Oils in Different Type ofSource Rocks. A Multivariate ApproachR. Marfil, A. Permanyer, C. Dorronsoro and J. Llamas 110

Molecular Indicators ofPalaeoenvironmental Change in a Messinian Evaporitic Sequence (Venadel Gesso, Italy)J.S. Sinningue Damste, F. Kenig, F. Gelin, N. Frewin, J.M. Hayes, W.N. Harrison, J.R. Maxwell

and J.W. de Leeuw 113

New and Rare Biomarkers: Saturated CirC4J PolycycloisoprenoidsJ. Poinsot, D. Dessort, P. Adam, J. Connan, G. Lacrampe-Couloume, J.M. Trendel and P. Albrecht

....116

Organic MatterAccumulation in a Thick, Lacustrine, Lower Cretaceous Sedimentary Sequence in

Gabon: Fades and Maturity Variations

R. Littke, H. Wilkes and U. Disko 118

Geochemical considerations in the Spanish Mediterranean: The Tarragona TroughF. de la Cruz 121

Organic Geochemical Investigations of Oligocene Lacustrine Sedimentsfrom the Enspel Oil Shale

Deposit, FRG-Impact of Catastrophic Volcanic Events on a Fossil Lake Environment

L. Schwark, M. Giessen, B. Spitthoff, D. Leythaeuser and M. Wuttke 123

Chemical Structure of the Organic Matter in a Pliocene Maar-Type Oil Shale. ImplicatedBotryococcus races and formation pathwaysS. Derenne, C. Largeau, M. Hetenyi, A. Brukner-Wein and B. Lugardon 126

Kinetic Variability Within the Lagoa Feia Formation, Palaeoenvironmental InfluencesA.L. Soldan, H.D. Rangel, A.C. Silva Telles Jr., S.M.B. de Grande, and G.I. Henz 128

Pyrolvtic and Electron Microscopy Studies of Kerogen in a Microcycle of the Kimmeridge ClayFormation

F. Gelin, M. Boussafir, E. Lallier-Verges, S. Derenne, R Bertrand and C. Largeau 131

Geochemical Characterisation of Source Rocks and their Derived Oils in the Ceard Basin,

Brazilian Equatorial MarginH.L. de B. Penteado, M.R. Mello and L.C.S. Freitas 133

vii

Environmental Conditions During Deposition of Organic-Rich Sediments in the Whitby Mudstone

Formation (Toarcian), EnglandG. Saelen, N. Telnaes and R. Raiswell 224

A Geochemical and Optical Study of the Late Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) Black Band ofHumberside, UKP. Barrett, R.V. Tyson and P. Farrimond 226

Tithonian Oils from the "Sureste" Basin, Mexico: the Fades Variability of their Source Rocks

M.A. Guzman-Vega, M.R. Mello, C. Leon Garcia and N. Holguin Quiiiones 229

Organic Geochemistry of a Marine "Hot Shale" - The Early Ryazanian "Hot Unit" from theDanish North Sea

J.A. Bojesen-Koeford, H.P. Nytoll, K. Dybkajer, J.R. Ineson and L.H. Nielsen 232

Early Diagenetic Protoheme-IX Products from Texas Fairfield LigniteF. Czechowski, R.P. Philp and S. Wolowiec .' 234

Organic Geochemical Characterization of Oil Shalesfrom the Puertollano DepositJ.C. del Rio, J. Garcfa-Molla, F.J. Gonzalez-Vila and F. Martin 237

Biomarker Geochemistry of Upper Palaeozoic Marine Shales from the Laurussian MarginT.L. Leith and M.G. Fowler

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239

Porphyrins in Upper Jurassic Source Rocks and Correlations with other Source Rock DescriptorsB. Huseby, T. Barth and R. Ocampo 242

Sterol Compositions in Sediments of the Santa Barbara Basin, California: Assessment of their

Potentialfor Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions

K.-U. Hinrichs, J. Rinna and J. Rullkotter 244

First Positive Identification of Triterpenes of the Taraxastane Family in Petroleums and Oil

Shales: 19(X(H)-Taraxastane and 24-nor-I9a(H)-Taraxastane. Evidence for a PreviouslyUnrecognised Diagenetic Alteration Pathway ofLup-20(29)-ene Derivatives

G.M. Perkins, I.D. Bull, H. L. Ten Haven, J.'Rullkotter, Z.E.F. Smith and T.M. Peakman 247

The Central Graben Upper Jurassic Source Rock System: A Sequence Stratigraphic Approach to

Oil Provenance

R. Burwood, B. Mycke, J. Paulet, L. Jacobs and D. Hall 249

Organic Geochemistry ofAntarctic Saline Lakes and FjordsL. Robertson, A.T. Revill, J.K. Volkman and E.L. Sikes 253

Source Rock Quality, Paleoenvironments and Oil-Source. Correlation of Middle Devonian Elk

Point Group, East Central Alberta

M.G. Fowler and L.D. Stasiuk 255

A-ring Contracted Oleananes: Evidence for a Major Pathway in the Diagenesis of TerrigenousTriterpenesZ.E.F. Smith, J.A. Walker, T.M. Peakman and H. L. Ten Haven 258

Molecular Weight Distributions of Olejinic Compounds in Precambrian and Palaeozoic Oils

V.A. Melikhov, H.B. Frolov and M.B. Smirnov 260

Origin of Vanadium in Coals: Parts of the Western Kentucky (USA) No. l) (High Volatile C

Bituminous) Coed Rich in Vanadium

P.I. Pre movie. Lj. S. Jovanovic, M.P. Premovic. M.S. Pavlovic, N.D. Nikolic' and R.S. Nikolic'....

263

Organic Geochemistry of the crude oils from North Cuba Fields

P. Campos, L. Berdie, J.O. Grinialt, J.C). Lope/ and L.H. Navarrele 264

Hydrocarbon composition of the Albion carbonate episode in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin

C. Dorronsoro, J.O. Grinialt, R. Chaler, L.M. Agirre/abala, P.A. Fernancle/-Mendioia, J. Garcfa-

Mondejar, I. Gomez-Perez and M. L6pe/.-I lorgue 267

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PART 3. MIGRATION AND EXPULSION OF OIL AND GAS

Generation and Expulsion ofPetroleum from Carbonate Source Rocks: Mechanisms, Efficienciesand Geochemical EffectsD. Leythaeuser, R. di Primio, K. Hindenberg and P. Hofmann 273

The Compositional Differences Related to the Material Balance of the Expulsion Dynamics, Solid-Fluid Phase Fractionation in the Source Rock and Liquid-Vapor Phase Fractionation DuringPetroleum MigrationJ.K. Michelsen and G.K. Khorasani 275

Application of Paleomagnetism for Dating Hydrocarbon Migration Events: Case Studies inNorthern Scotland and Southern EnglandR.D. Elmore, G. Bixler, L. E. Plaster-Kirk, V. Andrusevich, J.E. Zumberge and M.H. Engel ...

278

Influence of Thermodynamic Properties of Fluids Generated in Source Rocks on PetroleumMigrationA. Werner, F. Behar, J.C. de Hemptinne and E. Behar 280

Organic Geochemistry of Petroleum-Bearing Fluid Inclusions in Quartz Grains from a

Cretaceous sandstone

S.C. George, P.J. Eadington and P.J. Hamilton 282

The Influence of Migration on Metals in Petroleum

S.D. Olsen, S.R. Larter, K. Dyrstad and G.H. Isaksen 284

Petroleum Secondary Migration-Geochemical Constraints on Migration Efficiency and Effects on

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Distributions

S.R. Larter, Maowen Li, B. Bowler, P. Taylor, Mei Chen, K. Noke and J. Allan 286

Fractionation ofPyrrolic and Phenolic Compounds during Petroleum Migration -A Case Studyfrom a Clastic Petroleum Reservoir in the North Sea

M. Chen, S.R. Larter, G.S. Fetch, B. Bowler and A.C. Aplin 288

The Role ofOrganic Ligands in the Diagenetic Transformation ofPyrite to Magnetite in Organic-Rich Carbonates: Experimental Studies

L. Brothers, M.H. Engel and R.D. Elmore 290

Study of Bitumoids Saturated Hydrocarbons in Relation to Expulsion Processes

T.K. Bajenova 291

Geological and Geochemical Evidence of Leakage from a Gas Reservoir through an ArgilleousCaprockA. Prinzhofer, P. Lopez and J.-L. Oudin 293

Occurrence and Formation of Abnormal Pressure Zone and its Relation to Oil and Gas in the

Eastern Jiuquan Basin, Ganshu Province, ChinaChen Jianping and Huang Difan 296

Maturity Assessment for Organic Matter Derived from the Permian Staj3furt Carbonate (Ca2)Source Rock in Thuringia and Brandenburg, East Germany-Problems Related to Fades Variation

and MigrationL. Schwark, Jian Xia, M. Honold, J. Slach, M. Vliex, D. Leythaeuser and B. Horsfield 299

Metalloporphyrin Content Variations under Oil MigrationT.K. Mo/./helina and O.N. Serebrennikova 302

Change of Geochemical Type of Benzine (C^-CJ Dissolved in Compressed Natural Gas

Z. Ya'kubson '....' 304

Some New concepts for Quantitative Modelling of Natural Gas ExpulsionMingcheng Li 306

xi

Change of Porphyrin Compounds during Contact MetamorphismO.V. Serebrennikova and T.K. Mozzhelina 308

Molecular Transport ofLight Hydrocarbons in Source Rocks: A Comparative StudyT. Papenfuss, B.M. Krooss, D. Hanebeck and D. Leythaeuser 310

Geochemical Effects of Cap-Rock Leakage above Gas Reservoirs-Distribution of Light

Hydrocarbons to Monitor Diffusive Losses

J. Konstanty, L. Schwark and D. Leythaeuser 313

PART 4. RESERVOIR AND PRODUCTION GEOCHEMISTRY

Controls on the Occurrence of Low Molecular Weight Alkylphenols in Petroleum

P.N. Taylor, S.R. Larter and D.M. Jones 319

Compositional Changes of Crude Oils Upon Anaerobic Degradation by Sulphate-ReducingBacteria

H. Wilkes, H. Willsch, R. Rabus, F. Aeckersberg, P. Rueter and F. Widdel 321

The Relationship between Adsorbed Organic Compounds, Exposure Conditions and Wettability in

Porous Rock/Crude Oil/Brine Systems

T. Barth, E. Norheim, A. Graue and E. Tonheim 324

Migration-Induced Compositional Changes in Oils/Condensates of a Single FieldsJ.A. Curiale and B.W. Bromley 327

Application of Reservoir Geochemistry in Oman

P.J.R. Nederlof, F.M. van der Veen and G.A. van den Bos 329

Dai Hung Oil Field, Offshore Southeast Vietnam: A Case History of Reservoir Heterogeneity and

Mixed FillingH.L. Ten Haven and J. Preston 332

The Study of Oil Biodegradation by Formation Microflora from West Siberia Oil Fields

L.K. Altunina, L.I. Svarovskaya, Z.A. Rozhenkova and A.K. Golovko 335

The Variations of Oil Characteristics in Reservoirs As a Result of Fluid Dynamic Processes

T. Korncva and I. Korneva 337

Sequential Extraction - A Useful Tool for Reservoir Geochemistry?A. Wilhelms, I. Horstad and D. Karlsen

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338

Assessing the Possible Role of CO, and Acetic Acid in Diagenetic Reactions through Numerical

Experiments Using the DIAPRED Computer CodeH. Johansen 341

Reservoir Geochemistry in the Pato Field, Eastern Venezuela Basin

A.F. Callcj6n Gimenez 343

Oil Features in Reservoirs in Western Desert, EgyptA. Permanyer, R. Marfil, C. Rossi, C. Dorronsoro and A. Lahcini 344

Assessing the Role of Partition Behaviour of Alkylated Phenols in Oil and Water: Potential

Applications to Quantifying Subsurface Processes

B. Bennett and S.R. Larter'

348

Application of n-Alkane and Bulk Isotope Composition to Reservoir Characterisation

S.A. Baylis 351

Reservoir Geochemical Study of Kittiwuke Field, UK North Sea

D. Brincat, S.R. Larter, A.C. Aplmi D. Simons and M. Kohnen 353

xn

High Molecular Weight Hydrocarbons and the Precipitation ofPetroleum Derived WaxesA.N. Bishop, R.P. Philp, J. Allen and T.E. Ruble 356

Determining Oil-Water and Gas-Water Contactsfrom Simple Geochemical MethodsR.L. Patience, G. van Graas, K. Knudsen, E. Berge, A.B. Fl0tre, A.E. Gilje, A. Due, K. SkadsemEikelmann and P. Nadeau 358

Adsorption of Polar Oil Compounds on RockY.V. Savinykh and R.A. Manakova 360

Factor Controlling the Compositional Heterogeneity of Light Hydrocarbons in PetroleumReservoirs

A.Y. Hue, B. Carpentier, J.P. Courcy, J.P. Durand, I. Kowalewski, E. Lafargue, C. Magnier and P.Ungerer 362

Meteoric Water Infiltration Based on Hydrogeochemical Data: an Example from Campos Basin,BrazilC.V.M. Rodrigues and S.L. Nogueira de Azevedo 364

Predicting Oil Quality from Sidewall Cores Using PFID, TEC, andMR Analytical Techniques inSandstone Reservoirs, Rio del Rey Basin, Cameroon

W.O. BeMent, R.L McNeil and R.G. Lippincott 366

Reservoir Geochemistry: Applications and Case Studies in NigeriaP. Sundaraman, B.A. Patterson and O.T. Udo 369

Effect of Water-Washing on Light Ends Compositional HeterogeneityE. Lafargue and P. Le Thiez 372

Oil and Reservoir Core Extracts Compositional Variations in Hydrocarbon Fields of CentralTunisiaE. Lafargue and R. Ghenima 374

The Use ofAcids as Markers of Biodegradation and Water WashingY.V. Savinykh and I.V. Prozorova 377

The effect of Biodegradation on Maturation Parameters of Oils from the Southeastern Part of thePannonian Basin (Yugoslavia)B. Jovancicevic, L.J. Tasic, P. Polic", M. Saban and D. Vitorovic 378

Examples and New Applications in Applying Organic Geochemistryfor Detection and QualitativeAssessment ofOverlooked Petroleum Reservoirs

D.M. Jarvie, J.T Senftle, W.B. Hughes, L. Dzou, J.J. Emme and R.J. Elsinger 380

Adsorption of Polar Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Synthetic Calcite

L. Madsen, C. Gr0n, L. Grahl-Madsen, I. Lind and J. Engell 383

Reservoir Geochemistry Applied to the Development ofthe Penal-Barrackpore Oilfield, Trinidad,West Indies

K. Rodrigues, B.A. Patterson and C.Y. Lee 385

Detection, Distribution and Origin of Thin Tar Mats in the Miller Field (North Sea-U.K.)B. Carpentier, A.Y. Hue, P. Hamou and A. Wilhelms 388

Alteration of Oils in Reservoirs from the Frolov, Khanti-Mansiy, Yamal and Gydan Areas, Western

Siberia

K.A. Bakken, P.B. Hall, A. Rovenskaya, N. Nemchenko and M. Bjor0y 391

Reservoir Geochemistry of South Pass 61 Field, Gulf of Mexico: Compositional Heterogeneities

Reflecting Filling History and BiodegradationA.' Holba, L. Dzou, J. Hickey, J. May and T. Lenney 394

xiii

The Organic Geochemistry ofNorth Sea Oil Field Production Waters

J.D. Dale, S.R. Larter, A.C. Aplin and G.M. MacLeod 396

Reservoir Fluid Geochemistry ofYacheng Field, People's Republic of ChinaL.I.P. Dzou, R. Bone and K. Haaland

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399

PART 5. PETROLEUM GEOCHEMISTRY (IMPACT OF ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY

ON PETROLEUM EXPLORATION)

The Interpretation and Significance ofExtended Hopane Distributions (d, to C,J in Source Rocks

and Oils

A.N. Bishop, P. Farrimond, H. Innes and N. Mills 405

The Diamondoid Hydrocarbon Ratios: Novel Maturity Indices for Over-Mature Crude Oils

Junhong Chen, Jiamo Fu, Guoying Sheng, Dehan Liu and Jianjun Zhang 407

Predicting the Generation of Heavy Oils in Carbonate/Evaporitic Environments Using PyrolysisMethods

R. di Primio and B. Horsfield 410

A Future for Exploration Geochemistry

R.G. Milier"

412

High Molecular Weight Polycvclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Hydrothermal Petroleums

B.R.T. Simoneit and J.C. Fetzcr *.'

414

Correlation ofBiomarkers with Geologic AgeJ.M. Moldowan, J. Dahl, F.J. Fago, R. Shetty, D.S. Watt, S.R. Jacobson, B.J. Hui/inga, M.A.

McCaffrey and R.E. Summons 418

Maturity Assessment of "Immature Oils" Produced from the Shahejie Formation of the Liaohe

Basin, N.E. China

Maowen Li, S. Larter, Bowen Mei and Tiesheng Wu 421

Maturity Determination with the Aid of Chemometrics

J.C. Kleingeld, M.E.L. Kohnen and D.C. Esveld 424

Contribution to the Organic Petrology of Me.soz.oic Outcrops in Southern Alps and

Palaeogeographically Adjacent Areas

E. Balazs, Zs. Galicz and'l. Koncz 426

Kinetics of Some Tasmanacean-Rich KerogensA.L. Soldan, F.T.T. Goncalves, C.V. Araiijo, M.L. Martins, S.M.C. Mcnezes, F.R. Aquino Nolo and

B.R.T. Simoneit .' 429

Source Rock Characterization of the Spekk Formation, Iloltenbanken (Offshore Mid-Norway)J. Johannesen, R.L. Patience and M. Talbot 431

Potential Usefulness of'Alkylbenzenes and Alkylnaphthalenes as Composition Parameters for Oil-

Oil Correlation

Y.V. Kor/hov, N.A. Krasnojarova and A.K. Golovko 433

Petroleum Potential of Devonian Black Shales in Southwestern Ontario, Canada

M. Oberniajer, M.G. Fowler, F. Goodar/i and L.R. Snowdon 435

Noiwonventional Oil Accumulations: The Role of Early Generation and Igneous Intrusions

J.C. Ferreira and J.R. Cerqucira -H8

Isoprenoid Monocyclic Alkuncs in Oils from Zhimovsk OilfieldA.J. Kuklinsky

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440

xiv

Anomalous Oils and Gases in the Az.ua Basin, Dominican Republic: Evidence for a PetroleumSystem Driven by Inorganic C02.C.C. Walters, M.A. Rooney and J.S. Hornafius 442

Petroleum Geochemistry of the Amazonas Basin, Brazil: Oil-Source Correlation and AssessmentofHydrocarbon Generation and ExpulsionF.T.T. Goncalves, F.G. Gonzaga, L.F.C. Coutinho and J.A. Trigiiis 442

Hydrocarbon Habitat of the Rio del Rey Basin, Offshore CameroonW.O. BeMcnt, R.M. Coughlin and W.V. Maloney 446

A Novel Kinetic Method to Estimate Hydrocarbon Evolution from KerogenLi Shuyuan and Qian Jialin 448

Biological Marker Evolution During Early Diagenesis of an Eocene Brown Coal from Yunnan,China: Molecular and Isotopic EvidenceJunhong Chen, Jiamo Fu and Guoying Sheng 451

Prospecting for Light-Medium Gravity Crude Oils in the Heavy Oil belt ofEastern Alberta. TheLower Mannville Petroleum System, Provost Area, Alberta, CanadaC.L. Riediger, L.R. Snowdon, M.G. Fowler, R.W. MacDonald and M. Sherwin 454

Organic Geochemical Characterization of Some Oils from the Lower Kara Depression, SouthCaspian Basin, AzerbaijanS. Inan, M.N. Yalcin, I. Guliyev, A.A. Feizullayev, 6. Ozarslan 456

Straightforward Determination ofMaximum Paleotemperatures ofBurial (MPTB) ofSedimentaryRocksfrom Pyrolysis Data on the Associated Organic MatterJ.R. Disnar 459

Genetic Relationship Between the Oil of the Ayoluengo Field and the Liassic Source-Rock of theSouthwestern Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Northern Spain)S. Quesada, C. Dononsoro and S. Robles 461

Organic Geochemistry, Distribution and Depositional Dynamics of the Liassic Organic Fades ofthe Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Northern Spain)S. Quesada and S. Robles 464

Interrelationships Between Famm, Vitrinite Reflectante and Rock-Eval Results on IndonesianTertiary CoalsS.C. Teerman, M.V. Ellacotl, J.R. Wilmshurst and R.W.T. Wilkins 466

Geochemical Studies on Sinian to Triassic Age Marine Carbonate Organic Matter in GuizhouProvince, PR. China

Zhang Shuichang and Huang Ruchang 468

Oil Families and Forming Phases of Main Reservoirs of the Tarim Basin

Zhang Shuichang, Liang Digang, Xu Zhiming, Dong Bin and Deng Pan 471

Coal-derived Petroleum in the Middle Jurassic Bryne Formation in the Danish North Sea - A New

Type of PlayH.I. Petersen, LA. Bojesen-Koefoed and E. Thomsen 473

Unusual Petroleum Systems in the Dangyang-Jiangling Area, Jianghan Basin, ChinaK.E. Peters, A. E. Cunningham, C.C. Walters, Jiang Jigang and Fan Zhaoan 475

Study on the Thermal Evolution Degree of Source Rocks Developed in Early Palaeozoic or Older

Eras

Wang Zhaoyun and Cheng Kerning 478

Thermal Degradation of5a (H)-Cholestane During Hydrous Pyrolysis: a Laboratoiy MechanismG.D. Abbott and B. Bennett 480

XV

Formation of Long-Chain Alkylnaphthalenes in Sediments Via Alkylstyrene Precursors

L. Ellis, R.K. Singh, R. Alexander and R.I. Kagi '..

.' 483

The Origin of the Crude Oils in the Northern Alpine/Carpathian Foreland

H. Wehner and K. Kuckelkorn 488

Characteristics and Formation of Coal-Generated Oils and Gases in the Turpan Basin,

Northwestern China

Su Aiguo and Cheng Kerning 491

Application of Infrared Spectroscopy to the Classification of Kerogen Types and Evaluation ofMiocene Source Rocks in the South-Central and Southern Parts of the GulfofSuez. Region, EgyptEsam A. Abd El-Gawad '. '. .' 493

Oil Families in the Grand Banks ofNewfoundland, Offshore Eastern Canada

M.G. Fowler, T.A. Abrajano, K.D.' McAlpine and M.A. Williamson 497

Multiple Origins of Petroleum in the Viking Graben

H.M. Chung, G.E.' Claypool and C.C. Walters 500

Formation ofDifferent Oil Types in the Timan-Pechora Basin

T.A. Kirjukhina and V.V. Maltsev 504

The Temperature of Oil Generation as Defined with C7 Chemistry Maturity Parameter (2,4-DMP/2J-DMP RATIO)W.O. BeMent, R.A. Levey and F.D. Mango 505

n-Alkene/n-Alkane Distributions in Russian Precambrian and Palaeozoic Oils

E.B. Frolov, V.A. Melikhov and M.B. Smimov 507

The Interrelationship ofHopanes and Hopanoic Acids During Contact MetamorphismB. Bennett and G.D. Abbott 510

Parana Basin-Brazil: A Huge Pyrolyser. Comparison between Molecular Distributions in

Pyrolysed Samples and Source Rocks Affected by Igneous Intrusions

J.A. Trigliis, L.M. Araujo, C.V. Araujo and P. Philp 512

Contribution to the Reconstilution of the Thermal History of Sedimentary Series of the Ardeche

Margin: Study of the Clay and Organic Matter Evolution in Balazuc and Morte Merle Sites (France)L. Martinez, L Suarez-Ruiz, J. Duplay, F. Weber, J.R. Disnar, B. Romand, Ph. Larque, G. Farjaneland N. Liewig 515

Origin of Kerogen in the Nahal Heitnar Tar Sand (Dead Sea Basin, Israel)P.I. Premovic, Lj.S. Jovanovic, S.B. Zlatkovic, D.R. Zdravkovic and M.P. Premovic 517

A New Approach to Kinetic Study of Single Components Degraded from Coal Macerals

Q.H. Lu, J.Q. Wang, S.Y. Li, K.Z. Qin and J.L. Qian'

518

The Source/Oil Correlation by the Carbon Isotopic Geochemistry in Pulaeozoic in Turin] Basin

Zhao Mengjun and Huang Difan 520

Carbon Isotope Ratios of Light Hydrocarbons as Indicators ofl'hennochemical Sulfate Reduction

M.A. Rooney 523

Papery Mudstones from Upper Cretaceous Kanguk Formation as- Indicative of Anoxic environ¬

ments, Canadian Arctic ArchipelagoL.K. Niine/.-Betelu, C.L. Ricdiger and L.V. Hills 526

Rock-Eval/TOC Pyrolysis Analysis of the Upper Cretaceous Kanguk Formation, Canadian Arctic

ArchipelagoL.K. Nuncz-Betelu. C.L. Ricdiger and L.V. Hills 528

xvi

Hydrous Pyrolysis of Upper Farsund Formation (Volgian-Ryazanian) "Hot Shales" from theSouthern Central Trough, German North Sea SectorJ.A. Bojesen-Koefoed, H.P. Nytoft and M. A. Dejkam 530

Relationship between Maceral Composition, Kerogen Classification and Kinetic ParametersB.J. Schmidt .' 532

A Study of Hydrocarbon Release and Coalification of the Morwell Pale-Lithotype Over a

Temperature ProfileChunqing Jiang and R.B. Johns 535

Thermal Stability ofAsphaltene Vanadyl PorphyrinsP.I. Premovic", Lj.S. Jovanovic and S.B. Zlatkovic' 537

Biodegradation and Maturity Influences ofn-alkane Isotopic Profiles in Terrigenous SequencesC.J. Boreham, L.M. Dowling and A.P. Murray 539

A C30 ISoc-neohopane and its Application to Basin AnalysisB.H. Michaelsen and D.M. McKirdy 542

The Upper Jurassic HC Generative System of Mexican BasinsN. Holguin, E. Serrano, F. Galindo, A. Romero, A. Sosa, G. Martinez, R. Roman and M. Guzman

....544

Novel Extended Side-Chain-unsaturated Hopenes: Intermediates in the Diagenesis of HopanoidQu Dingchuang, Shi Jiyang and Xiang Mingju 548

Oil-Source Rock Characterization in a Yemen Jurassic Basin: Maturity-depth profiles by a mole¬cular approachA. Noyau and T. de Cizancourt 551

Evaluation of Possible Source Rocks in Faghur-Siwa Basin Western Desert, EgyptE.A. Abd El-Gawad, R.P. Philp and M.Y. Zein El-Din 554

Dinosterane and C!(, Sterane in Terrestrial Deposit and Crude Oils

Hou Dujie and Wang Tieguan 558

Overpressure: Effect on Petroleum Generation

G.K. Khorasani and J.K. Michelsen 560

Molecular Geochemistry of Oil-generating Coalsfrom Turpan Basin, China

S. George, N. Sherwood, Yongda Gu, P. Grenwood, Kerning Cheng and Changyi Zhao 563

Application of Principal Component Analysis to Study Metalloporphyrin Compositions and to

Detect Different Crude Oils

V.M. Serebrennikov, T.K. Mozzhelina and O.V. Serebrennikova 566

Features of the Distribution of Alkylated Triaromatic Hydrocarbons in West Siberia Oils fromDeposits ofDifferent AgesA.K. Golovko and V.M. Serebrennikov 568

Evidences for the Implication of Water in the Maturation Process of Organic Matter

R. Michels, L. Mansuy, M. Elie, L. Gerard-Zaugg, M. Monthioux and P. Landais 570

PART 6. ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY

The use of high mountain lake sedimentary records for the study of European Environmental

ChangeR. Vilanova, P. Fernandez, J.O. Grimalt, P. Appleby, N. Rose and R.W. Battarbee 575

Organic Pollutants Associated with Macromolecular Soil Organic Matter. Modes of BindingH.H. Richnow, R. Seifert and W. Michaeli.s 577

Structural Characterisation of Saturated Through Heptaunsaturated C„ Highly Branched

lsoprenoidsS.J. Rowland, S.T. Belt, D.A. Cooke, S.J. Hird, S. Neeley and J - M. Robert 580

Historic Record of Alkylbenzenesulfonates in Recent Lake Sediments: Input Changes and

Postburial Fate of Detergent-Derived Chemicals

R. Reiser, H. Toljander and W. Giger 583

Molecular Indicators for the Oxidation of Crude Oils Under Natural Conditions.

S. Lemoine, P. Adam, J. Connan and P. Albrecht 586

Hydrocarbons in Sediments Adjacent to an Off-Shore Gas Production Platform in North-WesternAustralia

S.J. Fisher, R. Alexander and R.L Kagi 588

Isotopic Characterization of Marine Biogenic Hydrocarbons in Sediments and Biota ofNewfoundland Coastal (N.W. Atlantic) Waters

T. Bieger, T.A. Abrajano and J. Hellou 591

Identification of Various Organics in Thermal Waters in the Pannonian Basin. Preliminary Reportson PAH

Z. Karpfili, Cs. Sajgo, I. Veto, G. Klopp and I. Horv&h 594

An Organic Geochemical Study of Organic Lake, Antarctica

J.H. Rogerson and R.B. Johns' .' 597

Direct Determination of Isomeric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Sediment

Samples by Shpol'skii Spectroscopy with Lamp and Laser Excitation.I.S. Kozin, C. Gooijer and N.H. Velthorst 600

Depth Distribution of Chemicals in Compacted Soil Layers from within a Waste Disposal Site

F.J. Gonzalez-Vila, J.M. Bautista, J.C. del Rio and F. Martin 602

Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from the International

Segment of the St. Lawrence River

A. Stark, T.A. Abrajano Jr., J. Hellou, V.P. O'Malley and J. Smith 606

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Composition and Potential Sources for Sediment Samples fromthe Beaufort and Barents Seas

M.B. Yunker, L.R. Snowdon, R.W. MacDonald, J.N. Smith, M.G. Fowler, D.N. Skibo and F.A.

McLaughilin 610

Urban and Rural Organic Marine Aerosols in the Eastern Mediterranean Coastal Environment:

Components Source Reconciliation by Using Organic Geochemical

E.G. Stephanou, A. Gogou and N. Straligakis 613

Differentiation of Contamination Sources in Recent Sediments Through PA/I Distributions: An

Overview

H. Budzinski, C. Raoux, P. Baumard, J. Bcllocq and P. Garrigucs 616

Distribution of PALI in Riverine Waters During Mediterranean Forest Fires

T.G. Ribalta, J.M. Mollet, J.O. Grimalt and F.X.C. dc las Heras 619

The Effect of Unresolved Complex Mixtures of Hydrocarbons on the Feeding Rale of the Mussel,

Mylilus edulis. A low MW model L/CM component, 4-propyloctane. 4-POK.J. Wraige, P. Donkin and S.J. Rowland 621

Interaction between Metabolites of the Urea Herbicide Melhuhenzthiazuron and 11ionic Acids

E.G. Wittc, H. Philipp, H.J. Schenk and K. Schwochau 624

Aerobic Biodegradation ofAlkylated aromatic hydrocarbons

H. Bud/inski, P. Baumard, L. Rivet, D. Lacotte, G, Mille, M. Acquaviva, J.C. Bertraiul anil I*.

Garrigucs 627

XVIII

Volatile Organic Contaminants in a Domestic Groundwater Resource in Perth, Western Australia

A. Heitz, R. Alexander and R.L Kagi 631

Formation of Dimethyltrisulfide in Treated Groundwater

A. Heitz, J.E. Wajon, R. Alexander and R.L Kagi 634

Hydrocarbons and Carotenoids from a Deep-Water Depression of the Mediterranean

V.N. Burkova, E.A. Kurakolova, N.S. Vorobyeva and M.L. Kondakova 636

Occurrence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and their Derivatives in Sewage Sludges in

Upper Silesia (Poland)D. Bodzek, M. Bodzek and B. Janoszka 639

Atmospheric Methane Flux From U.S. and Polish Coals

J.L. Clayton, J.S. Leventhal, D.D. Rice, M. Kotarba and A. Korus 641

Transport ofBiomass Burning Products through Compound Specific Stable Isotope AnalysisD.C. Ballentine, S.A. Macko, V.C. Turekian, W.P. Gilhooly and B. Martincigh 644

Transformation ofPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Air of Upper Silesia. Determination

ofPAHs and their Oxygen and Nitrogen Derivatives

D. Bodzek, L. Warzecha, K. Luks-Betlej and K. Tyrpien 646

Environmental Geochemistry ofHydrocarbon Biomarkers in Surficial Sedimentsfrom the Coastal

Region of EgyptT.A.T. Aboul-Kassim and B.R.T. Simoneit 649

An Investigation of Amino Acids As Possible Indicators of the Degradation State of LandfilledMunicipal Solid Waste

A.J. Revans, C.J. Trier, J. Braven and S.J. Rowland 653

Triglyceride Degradation in Soil

C. Hita, E. Parlanti, P. Jambu and A. Ambles 655

Organic Tracers in Aerosolsfrom Biomass Combustion

B.R.T. Simoneit, M. Radzi bin Abas, G.R. Cass, W.F. Rogge, M.A. Mazurek, L.J. Standley and

L.M. Hildemann 658

Applications of Stable Nitrogen Isotopes for Studying Atmospheric Deposition Impact in Coastal

and Open Ocean Environments

C. Aguilar, M.L. Fogel and HW. Paerl 662

Organic Matter, Sulfate Reduction, and Methanogenesis in Deep-Sea Sediments: Ocean Drilling

Program Sites 897, 898, 899 and 900, Iberia Abyssal Plain

P.A. Meyers, J.E. Silliman and T.J. Shaw 664

GC/MS Identification of Biomarkers in Road Asphalts and their Parent Crude Oils. Relationshipbetween Crude Oil Maturity and Asphalt Reactivity Towards WeatheringN. Pieri, F. Jacquot, G. Mille, J.P. Planche and J. Kister 666

Assessment of Various Source Lipids in the Kara Sea Sediments

A.N. Belyaeva, L.A.S. Madureira and G. Eglinton 670

The Origin ofBitumen Strandingsfrom the Ningaloo Marine Park, North Western Australia

T.J. Carrie, R. Alexander and R.I. Kagi 673

Fluorescent Whitening Agents in Contemporary Lake Sediments: Input Changes of Detergent-

Derived Chemicals

T. Poiger, A. Kampioti, J.-M. Stoll and W. Giger 675

Fatty Acids in Digested Sewage Sludges: Origin and Anaerobic TransformationC. Schaffner, H.-P. E. Kohler and W. Giger 678

xix

Biomarker Assessment of Natural and Pollutant Sources of Organic Matter in Port Phillip Bay,Australia

T. O'Leary, R. Leeming, P.D. Nichols and J.K. Volkman 680

An Integrated Method for the Determination of Chemical And Biological Parameters in AbyssalSediments from the North Atlantic Ocean-Initial Results

D. Boardman, D. Eardly, J. Patching, T. Ferrero, J. Lanbshead and G.A. Wolff 682

Biodegradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Under Anoxic Conditions in a Shallow Sand and

Gravel Aquifer of the Lower Rhine Valley, GermanyR. Schmitt, H.-R". Langguth and W. Piittmann 685

Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Sediments and PolychaetaL. Canton, M. Vaquero and J.O. Grimalt 688

Molecular Evidence for Anaerobic Micro-Environments in Rain Forest Soils

R. Jaffe and T. Elisme 690

Impact of Brown Coal Emissions on a Soil and its Size fractions - Chemical and SpectroscopicStudies

M.W.I. Schmidt, H. Knicker, P.G. Hatcher and I. Kogel-Knabner 692

PART 7. ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND PALAEONTOLOGICAL ORGANIC GEOCHE¬MISTRY

Simulating the Degradation ofAnimal Fats in Archaeological CeramicsR.P. Evershed and S. Charters 697

Geochemical Study of Neolithic "Bitumen" - Coated Objects of the Nahal Hemar Cave in the

Dead Sea Area

J. Connan, A. Nissenbaum and D. Dessort 699

"Intracrvstalline" Organic Matter in Biominerals

M.J. Collins, B. Stern, G. D. Abbott, D. Walton, M.S. Riley, T. von Wallmenich, N. M. Savage,H.A. Armstrong and P. Westbroek 702

Diterpenoid Biomarkers Preserved in Taxodium Rich Oligocene Oxbow Lake Clays, Weisselster

Basin, Germany

A. Otto, H. Wa'lther and W. Piittmann 706

Archaeometric Study ofBituminous Artefacts ofSusa (Iran)J. Connan and O. Deschesne 708

Seasonal Variations Observed in Compound Distributions and Isotopic Compositions (S"C) ofcontemporary and Fossil Leaves

M.J. Lockheart, P.F. van Bergen and R.P. Evershed 712

Organic Geochemistry of Archaeological Soils and the Detection of Human Occupation and

Agricultural Practices

I.D. Bull, P.F. van Bergen, P.P. Belancourt, l.A. Simpson and R.P. Evershed 714

Lipids in Ancient Bones: A new Source of Palaeodietary and Palaeoenvironmental InformationA.W. Stolt, R.P. Evershed and N. Tuross

'

.' 717

Comparing the Survival of the Bone Proteins Osteocalcin and CollagenM.J. Collins, A.M. Child,'M.S. Riley and C. Vcrmeer 719

Aminochronology of the lower Pleistocene deposits ofVenta Miccnu (Orce, Granada, Andalousie,

Spain)T. Torres, J. Llamas, L. Canoira, P. Garcia-Alonso, A. Garefa-Cortes and II. Mansilla 722

Amino Acid Racemization and Bone

A.M. Child 724

xx

PART 8. ANALYTICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY

Thermal Maturity Assessments with Application ofTrainable Expert System TechnologyG.H. Isaksen and Ch.S. Kim 729

Compound Specific Radiocarbon Analysis (CSRA): A New Vista in Organic GeochemistryT. Eglinton, J. Bauer, A.P. McNichol and E.R.M. Druffel 732

Quantitative CrCn+ Extraction of Hydrocarbons Trapped as Fluid Inclusions; ImprovedPossibilitiesfor Isotope Determinations and PVT ModelingJ. Kihle, B. Andresen and LA. Munz 736

Dihydro-ar-Curcumene Enantiomers in Sediments and Crude OilR. Alexander, T.P. Bastow and R.L Kagi 739

Benthic Fluxes of Organic Compounds by Time-Resolved SpectrofluorometryR.F. Chen, D.B. Chadwick and S.H. Lieberman 742

Coupling ofPyrolysis and Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry: A New Approach to Correlation ofSource Rock and Petroleum Products

G. Hansen, M. 0stbye-Hansen, R.P. Moe, M. Bjor0y and J. Connan 746

Quantitative GC/MS Analysis ofAromatic Fractions of Crude Oils and Source Rock ExtractsD. Dessort and J. Connan 749

A New North Sea Oil Based Standardfor latroscan AnalysisS. Bharati, R. Patience, N. Mills and N. Telnaes 753

Quantitative Geochemical Analysis of Petroleum Fluid Inclusions. Problems and Developments.M.A. Bigge, G.S. Petch, G. Macleod, S.R. Larter and A.C. Aplin 757

Translucency- A Parameterfor Organic Maturity AssessmentM. Rahman, R.R.F. Kinghom 760

The Pyrolysis Yield Index: A Rapid and Reproducible Technique for Estimating The Oil

Generation Potential of Coals and Terrestrial KerogensD.J. Curry 763

An Alternative Sequential Extraction System for Whole Core Plug Treatment in a Solvent Flow

Through Cell: -Application Towards Extraction from an Intact Pore-System in SecondaryMigration Studies

L. Schwark, D. Stoddart, C. Keuser, B. Spitthoff and D. Leythaeuser 766

A Study ofPetroleum Alkylcarbazoles Using 'H NMR SpectroscopyM.B. Smirnov and E.B. Frolov 769

ROCKSIX: A New Generation of the Rock-Eval PyrolyzerF. Marquis, J. Espitalie, M. Menier, D. Pillot, L. Joubert and R. Antonas 772

Automated Processing ofGC-MS Data by a Repetitive Backfolding of the First DifferentialW.G. Pool, J.W. de Leeuw and B. van de Graaf 775

A Method for High Resolution GPC of Fossil Proteins: A Tool for Measuring Protein

FragmentationG.A. Sykes and RE. Hare 778

Influence of Extraction Mode on Organic Geochemical Parameters of Bituminous Coals from the

Saar and Ruhr Region, GermanyG.K.E. Gotz and M. Wolf 780

IR Maturation Path Diagram ofKerogen Macerals by Heating ExperimentsM. Akiyama, C. Takemura and K. Sawada 783

xxi

Biogeochemical Response of the Northwest Africa Upwelling System to the Late QuaternaryClimatic Changes: 2-Glacial/Interglacial Molecular Records

M.-A. Sicre, Y. Ternois, A. Boireau, I. Bouloubassi, H. Budzinski, M. Paterne and P. Bertrand.

878

Nitrogen Isotope Ratios in Sedimentary Organic Matter as a proxy for Nutrient Utilization and

PalaeoproductivityS.E. Calvert, C. Balurin-Pollock, J.W. Farrell, R.S. Ganeshram, T.F. Pedersen, N.A.D. Waser and

J.-R Wu 880

Biogeochemical Response of the Northwest Africa Upwelling System to Late Quaternary Climatic

Changes: 1-evidence for a system made of local peculiaritiesP. Martinez, P. Bertrand, M. Paterne, F. Grousset, C. Pujol, I. Bouloubassi, L. Labeyrie, M. Parra,M. Haag and G. Shimmield 882

Methylsterane and Dinoflagellate Cyst Distributions and Concentrations in Albion Marine Strata

from the Campos Basin, Brazil

L.A.F. Trindade, S.M.B. de Grande and M. Arai 886

PART 10. MICROBIAL BIOGEOCHEMISTRY

A New Method for Measuring Polysaccharide Hydrolysis Rates in Marine Environments:

Microbial Hydrolysis of Fluorescently-Labeled Polysaccharides in Marine SedimentsC. Arnosti

' '

'. 891

Biodegradation of Macromolecular Crude Oil Fractions

A. Jcnisch, P. Adam, D. Herrmann, J. Connan, M. Rohmer and P. Albrecht 894

The Biogeochemical Role of Achromatium oxaliferumI.M. Head, N.D. Gray, R.W. Pickup and J.G. Jones 895

Microbial Processes Involved in the Degradation and Survival ofAlgal Lipid BiomarkersM.A. Teece, J.M. Getliff, J.W. Leftley, R.J. Parkes and J.R. Maxwell 898

Bacterial Populations and Processes in Sediments Containing Gas Hydrates (ODP Leg 146:

Cascadia margin)R.J. Parkes, B.A. Cragg, J.C. Fry, A.J. Weightman, PA. Rochelle and J.R. Maxwell 901

Uncharacterised Organic Matter in Sediments from Offshore Peru: A Correlation with Bacterial

Necrotnass ?

R.J. Parkes, B.A. Cragg, J.M. Getliff, M.D. Ripley, C.A. Lewis and S.J. Rowland 904

Hydrocarbon Composition and Distribution in Two Bacterial Mats from Tikehau Atoll (FrenchPolynesia)C. Jehl, I. Bouloubassi, A. Boireau, J. Trichct and A. Saliot 906

An Overview of the Brown-Coloured Isorenierutene-Containing Green Sulphur Bacteria

(Chlorobiaceae)R. de Wit and P. Caumette 908

Unusual Composition ofHopanesfrom Biodegraded Oils

N.S. Vorobieva and ALA. Petrov 910

Bacterial Degradation of Green Microaigae: similar Responses of Chlorella sp. (algacnan-con-taining) and Chlorella vulgaris (algaenun-devoid) to Incubation with Pseudomonas oleovorans

and F/avobacterium aquatileL. Afi, P, Mctzger, C. Largeau, J. Connan and C. BerkalolT 912

Lsotopically Heavy Methane - Production in and Ebullition from Algal Mats growing under

Hypersuline Conditions

P. Gerling, A. Krause-Mirus. Y. Cohen and E. Faber 914

xxiv

Clostridia-Mediated Sterol Transformations in Anoxic Hypersaline EnvironmentsL. Rivet, I. Sola, J.O. Grimalt, G. Campion and A. Rimbault 916

Microflora of West Siberia Oil Fields Developed by Flooding and Physico-Chemical Methods forFOR

L.K. Altunina, L.I. Svarovskaya and Z.A. Rozhenkova 919

Pyrophaeophorbide a Esterified to a CnHopanol: A novel Cyanobacterial markerP.J. Harradine, T.M. Peakman, C.B. Eckardt, R. Jaffe and J.R. Maxwell 921

Simulation of Bacterial Reworking of Several Types of Organisms in Saline DepositionalEnvironments

E.A. Kurakolova, V.P. Moskvin and V.N. Burkova 924

Chemistry and Microbiology of Fin Whale Digestive Tract in the Generation of Fecal Sterols

M.I. Venkatesan, G. Clevenger, R.P. Herwig and J.T. Staley 926

Steroid Hydrocarbons with 3-Alkylation in Petroleum and Rock Extracts

J. Dahl, J.M. Moldowan, R.E. Summons, M.A. McCaffrey and P.A. Lipton 928

PART 11. BIOPOLYMERS AND MACROMOLECULES

Unresolved Complex Mixtures ofHydrocarbons in Oils: Origins and CharacterizationS.J. Rowland, A.T. Revill, K.V. Thomas, M. Baas, C. Largeau, J.W. de Leeuw, M. Hodges, P. Lyneand C. Smith 933

Structural Reconstruction of Sulfur-Rich Kerogens, Via Pyrolysis of Natural and SyntheticPolymersY. Cohen, E. B. Krein and Z. Aizenshtat 936

Algal Polyphenolic Resistant Macromolecules in Marine Dissolved and Particulate OrganicMatter

J.D.H. van Heemst, S. Peulve, J.W. de Leeuw, M.A. Sicre and A. Saliot 940

"C- and ISN-NMR Spectroscopic Investigation on the Formation of Torbanite

H. Knicker, P.G. Hatcher and A.W. Scaroni 943

A Combined Quantitative and Isotopic Approach for Characterization of Terrestrial Biopolymersin Marine Sediments

M.A. Goni, J.E. Irvine and T.I. Eglinton 945

Chemical Composition of the Non-Hydrolyzable Macromolecular Constituent of Chlorella mari¬

na Cell Wall. First Evidence of the Occurrence ofan Aromatic-Rich AlgaenanS. Derenne, C. Largeau and C. Berkaloff 948

Transformation of Biochemical Macromolecules into Geological Polymers During EarlyDiagenesisM.L. Fogel and N. Tuross 951

Organic Geochemical, FT-IR- and FT-Raman-Spectroscopical Studies on Modern and Fossil

Plant Resins

G.K.E. Gotz and W. Pickel 954

Multiple Origins of Pyrolysis Products of Kerogens as Revealed by Compound-Specific Carbon

Isotope Analysis

I. Hold, S. Schouten and J.S. Sinninghe Damste 956

Variations in Origin and Composition of Kerogen Constitutens as Revealed by AnalyticalPyrolysis of Immature Kerogens before and after DesulphurizationF Gelin, J.S. Sinninghe Damste, W.N. Harrison, J.R. Maxwell and J.W. de Leeuw 959

FT-i.r. Study of the Evolution of Coal Structure During the Coalification Process

E. Munoz, J.V. Ibarra and R. Moliner 961

Reactivity of O- Containing Groups Present in Immature KerogensA. Ambles, L. Grasset, G. Dupas and J.C. Jacquesy 963

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Plasma Arcing of CoalR.A. Que/.ada, M.A. Wilson and L.S.K. Pang '. 965

Nature, Chemistry and Distribution of Charcoal in Soil

J.O. Skjemstad and J.M. Oades . .

.' 968

Structural Correlation between Soil Humins and Kerogens as Seen by Analytical Pyrolysis

G. Almendros, M.E. Guadalix, F.J. Gonzalez-Vila and F. Martin.

.''

'..

.' 971

Bound Alcohols in Soil Humic SubstancesE. Lichtfouse, S. Dou, G. Berthier and T. Peakman 974

Structural Characterization of Chinese Coal Macerals by Selective Chemical DegradationGuo Shaohui, Li Li, Du Rong, Lu Qinghua and Qin Kuangzong 975

Relationships between Chemical Structure and Activation Energy Spectra ofAlgaenans and rela¬

ted KerogensD. Dessort, J. Connan, S. Derenne and C. Largeau 978

Main Source Organisms and Mode of Formation of the Goynuk Oil Shale (Turkey)B. Gillaizeau, S. Derenne, F. Behar, C. Berkaloff and C. Largeau 980

Chemical, Pyrolytlc and Spectroscopic Characterization of Resistant Biopolymer(s) Present in

Pollen

M.A. Gofii, LP. Kokinos, P. Hatcher and T.l. Eglinton 983

Sporopollenin Revisited

P.F. van Bergen, P. van Moerkerken, P.J. Barrie, M.E. Collinson and J.W. de Leeuw 986

Analysis ofthe Different Acid Fractions in Surface Sediments from Lena River Delta (Siberia) and

Adjacent Areas in the Laptev Sea

Y. Zegouagh, S. Derenne, C. Largeau and A. Saliot 988

The Distribution and Origin of Lignin Phenols in the Antarctic Sediments

M.L Venkatesan, K. Ohta, R. Pourvasei, K. Matsunaga, R. Dunbar, T. Dorsey and D. DeMaster 991

Pyrolvsis-Methvlation of the Kerogens and Asphaltenes Isolated from Oil Shales

J.C. del Rio, F.j. Gonzalez-Vila, T. Verdejo and F. Martin'

994

Study of Porphyrins Released from the Messel Oil Shale Kerogen by Selective Chemical

DegradationB. Huscby and R. Ocampo 997

Kinetics ofAsphallene Flocculation Studied by Photon Correlation SpectroscopyM. Anisimov, I. Yudin, G. Nikolacnko, II. Taulhoat, D. Frot and Y. Briolant 999

Development of a rapid method for Quantitative Characterisation of Protein Degradation DuringEarly DiugenesisJ.K.'Crotly, M.D. Ripley, C.A. Lewis, and S.J. Rowland 1001

The Influence of Kerogen Formation Mechanisms on liiumarkcr Diugenesis

A.N. Bishop, P.' Farrimond, R.P. Philp and A. Galve/.-Sinibaldi. .

.' 1003

Oxygenic Kerogenization of Asphaltenes: the Dead Sea Asphalt Float (Israel) and Related

Materials

P.I. Premovic, Li. S. Jovanovic, S.B. Zlatkovic and M.P. Premovic 1005

xxvi

Can Oil Shales be Used to Produce Fullerenes?

K. Fisher, C. Largeau and S. Derenne 1007

Eight-Step Pyrolysis in Hydrogen and Nitrogen Atmospheres of Six Brown Coals from MajorBrown Coal Deposits in China

Jian Xia, M. Wolf and L. Schwark 1009

Artificial Maturation ofAlginite and Organic Groundmass Separated from an Oil Shale KerogenM.A. Kruge, P. Landais and D. Bensley

'

1012

Distribution of Cyclic Terpanes in a Non-Marine Crude Oil with High Solidifying PointT.G. Wang, Huang Difan, Long Renchi and Huang Guanghui 1015

Incorporation of Methane Into Petroleum: Evidence From Thermodynamic Model CompoundsCoal and Kerogen Studies

L.S.K. Pang, M.A. Wilson, B.D. Batts, J.W. Smith, K.Yang, M.F. Voigtmann, S.J.X. He, D.R.

Smith and M.A. Long 1017

Comparison of Dehydrogenase Polymer (DHP) Lignin with Native Lignin from GymnospermWood by Thermochemolysis Using Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide (TMAH)P.G. Hatcher 1020

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) thermochemolysis ofaliphatic biopolymers: Insights to

their Chemical Structure

D.E. McKinney, J.M. Bortiatynski, D.M. Carson, D.J. Clifford and P.G. Hatcher 1023

PART 12. BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLING OF SULPHURAND OTHER ELEMENTS

Early Diagenesis of Organic Matter and Related Sulfur Incorporation in Surface Sediments ofMeromictic Lake Cadagno in the Swiss AlpsA. Putschew, B.M. Scholz-Bottcher and J. Rullkotter 1029

Impact ofDia- and Catagenesis on Sulphur Sequestration ofBiomarkers in Sedimentary Rocks as

Revealed by Artificial Maturation

M.P. Koopmans, J.S. Sinninghe Damste, W.I.C. Rijpstra, M.D. Lewan and J.W. de Leeuw....

1033

Carbon Isotope Relationships between Sulfide-Bound Hydrocarbons and ProposedFunctionaliz,ed Lipid Precursors in Sediments from the Santa Barbara Basin

T.R. Filley, K.H. Freeman and P.G. Hatcher 1036

C2S Highly Branched Isoprenoid Alkane and Thiophenes in Neogene Diatomaceous Sediments, NE

JapanM. Yamamoto and M. Watanabe 1039

Relationships between Ultrastructural and Chemical Features in the Pre-evaporitic Oil Shales

from the Lorca Basin (Upper Miocene, S.E. Spain)S. Derenne, A. Permanyer, C. Largeau and R. Baranger 1041

Nitrogen Diagenesis in Sedimentary Organic Matter: a Mass Balance of Organic and InorganicSpeciesW.C. Quayle, M.J. Collins and P. Farrimond 1044

Laboratory Simulation of Natural Sulphuriiation: The Reactivity of Some Functionalizecl Model

Compounds and the Catalytic Influence of Sediment

M.D. Kok, S. Schouten and J.S.'Sinninghe Damste 1047

Sulphur-bonding in recent environments. I. Lipid byproducts from N'uB desulphurizationW. Hangers, J.F. Lopez, F. X. C. de las Herds and J.O. Grinialt 1050

A Novel Series of Hopanoid Sulphides: Evidence for Ring A/B Functionalised Precursors

P. Schaeffer, C. Reiss, J.M. Trendel, P. Adam and' P. Albrecht 1053

xxvn

Artificial Maturation of a Sulfur-rich Source-rock from the Lorca Basin, SpainP. Landais, A. Permanyer, M. Schlegela and L. Mansuy 1054

Hydrocarbon Geochromatographic Fractionation, Water-Washing, Biodegradation and Zn-Pb

Ore Genesis: The La Florida Ore Deposit (Spain)Hu Ming An, J.R. Disnar, L. Barbanson and I. Suarez-Ruiz 1058

Biogeochemical Differences in the Organic Matter Composition and Peculiarities ofAssociationsof Metals Bound with it

L.Ya. Kizilstein and Yu.l. Kholodkov 1060

Sulfur-Rich Bitumen in Cambrian Barite Nodules from Tarim Basin

Bowen Mei, Chuanpin Chen and Diwei Jin 1062

PART 13. ORIGIN OF NATURAL GASES

Theoretical Modeling of Carbon and Hydrogen Isotope Fractionations in Natural Gas

Y. Tang and P.D. Jenden .' 1067

A Laboratory Study of the Mechanisms Controlling C02 and CH4 Generation: Further

Implicationsfor the Role of Water During Artificial Maturation

L. Stalker, S.R. Larter andP. Farrimond 1070

Controls on the Carbon Isotope Ratio of Carbon Dioxide in Oil and Gas Fields

C. Clayton 1073

Applications and Limitations ofMango's Light Hydrocarbon Parameters in Petroleum CorrelationStudies

H.L. Ten Haven 1075

Transition metal catalysis in the Generation ofNatural GasF.D. Mango '. 1078

Deep- Water Natural Gas Hydrate Distribution and Formation

G.D. Ginsburg and V.A. Soloviev 1080

Abiogenic or Mantle Methane in the KTB - German Continental Deep Well?

E. Faber, P. Gerling, U. Berner and S. Weise 1081

Isotopic Composition of Helium in Gas and Oil Fields and the Origin ofNatural Gases

E. M. Prasolov'

1083

Predicting the Risk of Carbon Dioxide "Pollution" in Petroleum Reservoirs

J. Thrasher and A.J. Fleet 1086

Generation ofHydrocarbon Gases and Molecular Nitrogen From Coals

E. Idiz, B. M. Krooss, B. Horsfiekl, R. Litteke and B. Miiller 1089

Identification of the migration process ofmethane through the near-surfaceD. Kettel

. .

."' '

1092

Physical and Chemical Structure of Mecsek Coals and their Modification due to Energy TransferS. Radnai and K. Bakai-Papp . .

.'' '

."..

1095

Peculiarities of Generation and Migration of Hydrocarbon and Nonhydrocarbon Gases in TrapFormation Zones

IS. Stambinets and M.V. Ohukhova 1098

Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Study of North German Rotliegend Gas Fields-Implicationsfor the Source and Occurrence of Nitrogen in Gas Accumulations

E. Idb and P. Gerling'

1 KM)

xxviii

Simulating the conversion of oil into gas in reservoirs: The influence offrequencyfactors on kine¬tic predictionsH.J. Schenk and B. Horsfield 1102

An Investigation of Factors Controlling Gas Adsorption in Coals of the Zonguldak Basin (NWTurkey)G. Giirdal and M.N. Yalcin 1104

Cracking of Oil to Gas Isotopic Composition ofGas Phase ProductsB. Andresen, I. Johansen and T. Throndsen 1107

Isotopically Heavy Hydrocarbon Gases and Bitumens in the Precambrian Ilimaussaq IntrusionT. Laier and H.P. Nytoft 1109

The Evidencesfor Moderate Temperature Thermochemical Sulphate ReductionM.V. Dakhnova, A.A. Ivlev and E.N. Shkutnik 1112

Origin ofH2S in Natural Gases: Identification of Geochemical ProcessesL. Anissimov 1113

Thermal Evolution ofthe Early Paleozoic Source Rocks in the Talimu Basin and Tangshan RegionFan Pu, Zhang Baisheng, Li Jinggui, Li Zenxi and Ying Guangguo 1115

The Generation and Expulsion of Gases in YA13-1 Gas Field, South China Sea: Implication ofThermal Modelling Results

Ansong Geng ,Yi Zhou

,Jiamo Fu

, Guoying Sheng and Qiming Zhang 1117

Kinetic evaluation of Hydrocarbon Formation from High Maturity Coals and Black ShalesG. Everlien, P. Gerling, H. Wehner 1119

Isotope/Maturity Relationships for Gases from Algal Source Rocks: User-friendly Models forHydrocarbon ExplorationU. Berner and E. Faber 1122

West Siberian Gas: Geochemical Features, Hydrocarbon Generation Modelling and Origin ofGas from Low Maturity SedimentsN.V. Lopatin, B. Cramer, R. Littke, H.S. Poelchau, R.G. Schaefer and D.H. Welte 1124

The Origin of the West Siberian Gas Accumulations: Reaction Kinetics of Gas Formation

R.G. Schaefer, H.J. Schenk and R. Littke 1126

PART 14. DISSOLVED AND PARTICULATE ORGANIC CARBON

Compositional Heterogeneity within Oceanic Suspended Particulate Organic Matter: PreliminaryResults from Direct Temperature-resolved Mass SpectrometryE.C.Minor, T.I. Eglinton, J.J. Boon and R.L Olson 1131

Sources and Fates of Particulate Organic Matter in the Ocean: Distributions and IsotopicCompositions of Sterols in the Sargasso Sea and the Black Sea

S.G. Wakeham and K.H. Freeman 1134

Organic Matter Associated with Settling Particles in the Northern Indian Ocean: Nature, Fluxes

and Fate

B. Haake, T. Rixen, T. Reemtsma and V. Ittekkot 1137

Phytoplankton Decomposition During Simulated Sedimentation: Molecular Composition and

Isotopic Integrity under Oxic and Anoxic Conditions

H.R. Harvey, J.H. Tuttle and S.A. Macko 1140

Geochemistry of Pyropheophorbide Steryl Esters

D.J. Repeta '.'...' '. n42

xxix

Character and Biogeochemistry ofDissolved Organic Matter in a Boreal Forest Beaver Pond near-

Thompson, Manitoba, Canada

R.A. Bourbonniere, L.A. Ziolkowski, S.L. Telford, M.A. Moran, K. Bushaw, W.L. Miller, M. Tarr

and R.G. Zepp 1144

Characterization of Organic: Carbon Phosphorus Ratios in Arctic, Temperate, and TropicalCoastal Sediments

K.C. Ruttenberg and M.A. Goiii 1147

Geochemistry ofHigh Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter in the Sea as Implied by Amino

Acids and Organic NitrogenM. McCarthy, J. I. Hedges and R. Benner 1150

Chemical Characterization of Macroaggregates from the Northern Adriatic

N. Kovac, J. Faganeli, O. Bajt and FI. Leskovsek 1153

Export and Molecular-Level Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter from the

Northeasthern US Continental ShelfD.J. Repeta, T.L Eglinton, R.F. Chen and L. Aluwihare 1156

Dependence of Carbon Isotopic Composition on Growth Rate and fCO,faq in Equatorial and

Antarctic PhytoplanktonB.N. Popp, "R.R. Bidigare, E.A. Laws, P. Parekh, F. Kenig, S.G. Wakeham, B. Tilbrook, S.A.

Macko and M.C. Kennicutt II 1158

Seasonal Variability of S'SN in Settling Particles in the Northern Indian Ocean and its

Paleoenvironmental SignificanceP. Schafer, T. Rixen, B. Haake, J. Tiemann and V. Iltekkol 1161

Occurrences of Protein Molecules of Particulate matter in Oceanic Waters

E. Tanoue, S. Nishiyama, M. Kamo and A. Tsugita 1164

Preservation of Organic Matter During Water-Column TransportS. Peulve, J.DlH. van Heemsl, J.W. de Leeuw, W. Klein-Breteler, M.-A. Sicrc and A. Saliot

...

1165

The Influence ofBacterial Activity at the Chemocline on Particulate Organic Matter Fluxes and

Nutrient Cycling in Meromictic Lake CadagnoS. Bernasconi and K. Hanselmann 1169

Decay Functions for Individual Sterols in the Water Column

N. Andersen, P.J.Muller and G. Wefer 1171

XXX