organic identification activity hyacinth roses lab this lab kit can be purchased from flinn...
TRANSCRIPT
Organic Identification Activity
OH
A
OH
B
hyacinth roses
LabLab
This lab kit can be purchased from Flinn Scientific (Batavia, IL)
O
OH
D
mushroomvinegar
OH
C
O O
E
O
H
F
orange caraway seeds
O
H
G
OH
O
O
H
spearmint
wintergreen
OI
OH
J
cinnamon
geranium
O
O M
O
ON
bananapear
O
O
O
O
O
P
strawberry black licorice
OO
QO
O
R
coconutpeach
OH
A
OH
B
hyacinth roses
O
OH
D
mushroomvinegar
OH
C
O
H
F
orange
caraway seeds
O O
E
O
H
G
OH
O
O
H
spearmint wintergreen
OI
OH
J
cinnamon
geranium
OH
K
OH
O
OL
mentholvanilla
O
O M
O
ON
banana pear
O
O
O
O
O
P
black licorice
OO
Q
coconutpeach
O
OS
O
T
violetsjasmine
OO
R
strawberry
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Benjamin Cummings. All rights reserved.
Esters
An ester is similar to a carboxylic acid, but the acidic hydrogen has been replaced by an alkyl group
H
OC C C
H
H
OHH
H
a carboxylic acid
H
OC C C
H
CH3
OHH
H
an ester
methyl propanoate
methyl group
propanoic acid
from propanoic acid
R – C – O – R’
O
Naming Esters
Name the following ester: CH3CH2CH2COCH2CH3
O
Step 1) the ester alkyl group (R’) = ethyl
Step 2) the acid (R) = butanoic acid
Step 3) the name = ethyl butanoate
R – C – O – R’
O
Formation of an Ester
H
OHC C C
H
OHH
H
C
H
H +
H
C H
H
H
C
H
HO
H
OC C C
H
OHH
H
C
H
H
+
H
C H
H
H
C
H
HOH
butyric acid (butanoic acid) ethyl alcohol
ethyl butyrate (tastes and smells like pineapple)
D
water
H
C C H
H
HH
H CC C
H H
HOH
2-pentanone
C5H10O
Ketone
R'R C
O
1 2 3 4 5
methyl propanoate
C4H8O2
Ester
H
C H
H
C OC C
H
OH
H
H
H OR C
O
R'
R'
123
3 carbons = propane
1) Name the R' first2) Find carbon chain and include the carbonyl carbon.3) Drop the ending and add -yl
(R' = methyl)
Ester
H
C CH3
CH3
OH C
O
OR C
O
R'Raspberry
CH2 CH2H OC C
H
OH
CH
Banana
CH2 (CH2)6H OC C
H
OH
CH3
Orange
CH3
CH3
CH3
Ester
OR C
O
R'CH2 CH2H OC C
H
OH
CH3
Pear
Peach
CH2H OC C
H
OH C C
C C
C C
H H
H H
H
Esters Labs
Derivatives of Salicylic Acid Lab
Synthesis of Esters Lab
1) salicylic acid + methanol methyl salicylate
O
O
CH3
OH
O
O
H
OH
+ HOCH3
+ H2OH+, heat
Esterification reactions
Note that many of these names have been left as common names
O
O
OH
CH3
CH3
2) salicylic acid + isoamyl alcohol
isoamyl salicylate
O
O
H
OH
+
+ H2OH+, heat
OH CH3
CH3
3) acetic acid + isoamyl alcohol
isoamyl acetate
+ H2OH+, heat
+ OH CH3
CH3
CH3 O CH3
CH3O
CH3 OH
O
4) propanoic acid + isobutyl alcohol
isobutyl propionate
+ H2OH+, heat
+OH
O
CH3OH
CH3
CH3
O
O
CH3 CH3
CH3