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Organization is the foundation upon which the whole structure of management is built.

Organization is related with developing a frame work where the total work is divided into

manageable components in order to facilitate the achievement of objectives or goals. Thus,

organization is the structure or mechanism (machinery) that enables living things to work

together. In a static sense, an organization is a structure or machinery manned by group of

individuals who are working together towards a common goal. Alike 'management', the term

'organization' has also been used in a number of ways. Broadly speaking, the term 'organization'

is used in four different senses: as a process, as a structure of relationship, as a group of persons

and as a system.

According to Keith Davis, "Organization may be defined as a group of individuals, largeof small, that is cooperating under the direction of executive leadership in

accomplishment of certain common object."

According to Chester I. Barnard, "Organization is a system of co-operative activities oftwo or more persons."

According to Louis A. Allen, "Organization is the process of identifying and grouping thework to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority, andestablishing relationship for the purpose of enabling people to work most effectively

together in accomplishing objectives."

According to Mooney and Railey, "Organization is the form of every human associationfor the attainment of a common purpose."

Organizational study is "the examination of how individuals construct organizationalstructures, processes, and practices and how these, in turn, shape social relations and create

institutions that ultimately influence people", organizational studies comprise different areas that

deal with the different aspects of the organizations, many of the approaches

arefunctionalistbutcritical researchalso provide alternative frame for understanding in the field.

Organizational Studies program study the theoretical basis for organizational participation,leadership, and human interaction. It includes examining problems with a critical andimaginative eye and of responding with policies, actions and decisions derived from a broad

knowledge base.

an understanding of the human condition as it is experienced in organizational life an understanding of the complex nature of systems and institutions the capacity for analysis that moves beyond simplistic solutions to explore the interplay

of values, responsibility and the achievement of social goals.

Advantages / Significance of Organizational study

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It Facilitated to know regarding Administration and management: Organizational study isan important and the only tool to achieve knowledge regarding enterprise goals set up,

administration as explained by management. Sound organizational study explains aboutefficiency, work delay and duplication of work, managerial efficiency, promptness, employee

motivation to perform their responsibility.

It Help to know about the Growth of an Enterprise: organizational study is helpful to know

how an organization grows, expands and its diversifications.

To know what an Optimum Use of Human Resources means: Good organizational study

makes one familiar regarding the different interests, skills, knowledge and viewpoints of the

human resource.

It Stimulates Creativity: A sound and well-conceived organizational study is the source of

creative thinking and initiation of new ideas.

To know about the practical application: with the help of organizational study one would beable to know the practical application of theories thought, and would be able to compare them.

Helps to obtain pure information: with this study it would help one to get pure and

unadulterated information, in other words a first hand data from an organization.

Sound or Good Organizational study

Organizational study is not an end it itself but a means to achieve an end. Whether anorganizational study is good or bad depends on the fact as to how much efficiently and promptly

it is in a position to achieve the objectives. An ideal organizational study is one which is

expected by all. An ideal organizational study is achieved through the active cooperation of allthe members directly or indirectly related to it and also by following certain principles but also it

is based on the capabilities of the individuals available to work along with its simplicity and

flexibility.