Organizational ChangeOrganizational Change

Mgmt 313Mgmt 313February 10, 2005February 10, 2005

Dr. M. L. MannsDr. M. L. Manns

Forces for ChangeForces for Change

• Nature of the workforceNature of the workforce

• TechnologyTechnology

• Economic shocksEconomic shocks

• CompetitionCompetition

• Social trendsSocial trends

• World politics World politics

Types of ChangeTypes of Change

• AccidentalAccidental

• PlannedPlanned

Change agentsChange agents

• manage changemanage change

• inside or outside consultantsinside or outside consultants

ResistanceResistance

•overtovert

•implicitimplicit

•deferreddeferred

Overcoming Resistance Overcoming Resistance to Changeto Change

The ProjectThe Project

• Begun around 1998, Manns & RisingBegun around 1998, Manns & Rising• PatternsPatterns

– A pattern is a recurring, successful techniqueA pattern is a recurring, successful technique– Each pattern has a nameEach pattern has a name

• Acquired from people worldwideAcquired from people worldwide• Change theories based on:Change theories based on:

Rogers, E.M. (1995). Rogers, E.M. (1995). Diffusion of InnovationsDiffusion of Innovations. . New York: The Free Press.New York: The Free Press.

• The book: The book: Fearless Change: Patterns Fearless Change: Patterns for Introducing New Ideas for Introducing New Ideas (Addison Wesley (Addison Wesley Publishing Co.)Publishing Co.)

Categories of the Categories of the PatternsPatterns

www.cs.unca.edu/~manns/intropatterns.htmwww.cs.unca.edu/~manns/intropatterns.htmll

RolesRolesGetting things goingGetting things going

EventsEventsInfluence strategiesInfluence strategiesHandling resistanceHandling resistance

Keeping things goingKeeping things goingetc. etc. etc.etc. etc. etc.

True or False:True or False:It is best for the It is best for the bossboss to to

introduce changes into the introduce changes into the organization.organization.

Other LeadersOther Leaders

• EvangelistEvangelist

• Dedicated ChampionDedicated Champion

• Local SponsorLocal Sponsor

• Corporate AngelCorporate Angel

• Respected GuruRespected Guru

• ConnectorsConnectors

• Early AdoptersEarly Adopters• etc. etc. etc. etc. etc. etc.

True or False:True or False:If you’re smart If you’re smart (you are!)(you are!)

and you know what to do and you know what to do (you do!)(you do!),, then you don’t then you don’t need a lot of help from need a lot of help from

other people to introduceother people to introducethe new idea.the new idea.

Why shouldn’t you do it Why shouldn’t you do it alone?alone?

• Ask for HelpAsk for Help

• Involve EveryoneInvolve Everyone

• Group IdentityGroup Identity

• Shoulder to Cry OnShoulder to Cry On

• Guru ReviewGuru Review• etc. etc. etc. etc. etc. etc.

True or False:True or False:If we can help people If we can help people

understand the value in understand the value in the new idea, they will the new idea, they will

accept it.accept it.

Different people accept Different people accept new ideas at different new ideas at different

ratesratesDo you know these people?Do you know these people?• This is new so it is cool. This is new so it is cool. (Innovator)(Innovator)• This is an interesting idea, but I want to This is an interesting idea, but I want to

hear more before making a decision. hear more before making a decision. (Early (Early Adopter)Adopter)

• I want to see what other people think about I want to see what other people think about the new idea before I make a decision. the new idea before I make a decision. (Early Majority)(Early Majority)

• I’ll accept the new idea when I have to. I’ll accept the new idea when I have to. (Late Majority)(Late Majority)

• It’s always been done this way … why do we It’s always been done this way … why do we have to introduce anything new? have to introduce anything new? (Laggard)(Laggard)

How do you handle andHow do you handle andmake use of different make use of different

people?people?• InnovatorInnovator

•Early AdopterEarly Adopter

•Early MajorityEarly Majority

True or False:True or False:The best way to deal with The best way to deal with people who are against people who are against the new idea is to try to the new idea is to try to

keep them out of the way.keep them out of the way.

Dealing with the skepticsDealing with the skeptics

•Fear LessFear Less•Champion SkepticChampion Skeptic•Bridge BuilderBridge Builder•Corridor PoliticsCorridor Politics•Whisper in the General’s EarWhisper in the General’s Ear•Trial RunTrial Run• etc. etc. etc. etc. etc. etc.

True or False:True or False:When you wish to When you wish to

introduce a new idea into introduce a new idea into your organization, you your organization, you need a specific plan for need a specific plan for

how you are going to do it.how you are going to do it.

No master plan …No master plan …What do you do instead?What do you do instead?

• Test the WatersTest the Waters

• Time for ReflectionTime for Reflection

• Step by StepStep by Step

• Small SuccessesSmall Successes

• Sustained MomentumSustained Momentum• etc. etc. etc. etc. etc. etc.

Some Other PatternsSome Other Patterns

• EventsEvents: Brown Bag, Study Group, : Brown Bag, Study Group, Hometown Story, Big Jolt, Hometown Story, Big Jolt, etc. etc.

• Tailor MadeTailor Made

• PiggybackPiggyback

• Personal TouchPersonal Touch• etc. etc. etc.etc. etc. etc.

Go out andGo out andlead great changeslead great changes

in the world!in the world!