organizing and supporting your speech
DESCRIPTION
Organizing and Supporting your Speech. Basic Speech Structure: Introduction Body Conclusion. Working outlines. Formal Outline:. Typed with consistent font and style Consistent set of symbols to identify structure Follows the rule of division Contains Complete Sentences - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Organizing and Supporting your Speech
Basic Speech Structure:
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Working outlines
Formal Outline:
• Typed with consistent font and style
• Consistent set of symbols to identify structure– Follows the rule of division
• Contains Complete Sentences– Do not use questions for points
• Follow Required Guidelines and Format– See Provided Example
From Outline to
Speaking Notes
Speaking Notes
• Do not use your formal outline
• Brief key word outline
• 3 X 5 cards; or speaker’s notes
• May want to put quotes,
• First/ last sentence on cards,
• major statistics,
• and notes to yourself
(slow down, smile, movement, breathe)
Develop Each Part of the Speech
Body – 70-80%
• Develop the Body before fleshing out the Introduction of Conclusion
• 1st, organize material in a logical order:
Organizing Speeches
•Time patterns/Chronological•Space Patterns/Spatial•Topic Patterns/Topical•Problem/Solution Patterns•Cause-Effect Patterns•Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
2nd, Insert Transitions and Internal Summaries
Transitions words and/or phrases which keep the speech flowing smoothly
Internal SummariesLonger than a transition
Includes a preview and review
Now, move on to the Introduction
Introduction – 10-15%
Should fulfill four functions:
1. Includes an Attention Getter: – piques the audience interest and gets them to listen– Should be the very first thing you say before you reveal
your topic
2. Create a connection between speaker and audience
2. Has a clearly stated ThesisA creative statement with one ideathat introduces your topic and focuses the attention of the audience on your main
goal
3. Offers a PreviewA statement that tells the audience about the main things
you will discuss in the speech
Finally, wrap it all up in the Conclusion
Conclusion – 10-15%
Provide a Brakelight
Recap Main Points/Relevance
Wrap up with a Clincher Statement(memory aid or support device are great to use here)
Use Clear Polished Ending
Giving your Speech Substance
SUPPORTING MATERIAL data you use to back up your points
Includes: Support Devices, Visual Aids, and Vocal Citations
Support Devices:
This is basically a way of presenting your research using these methods.
– Examples– Anecdotes– Analogies– Quotes
– Statistics– Definitions– Compare/Contrast– Narration
Establish the credibility of your support devices
•Use recognizable organizations and people
Or
•Be sure to tell us about the person or organization
Types of Visual Aids
Diagrams – line drawing showing the most important
parts (cell)
Objects – actual thing
Model – scaled
representation
Word Charts and Number charts
main points in speech;
Top 10 Pop/Rock Songs
Pie Charts – out of 100%Types of Dogs in a Competition
Bar and Colum Charts – compare variables
Line Charts Good to show changes over time
Guidelines for Visual Aids
• CVS Principle: a prescription for a great visual aid
– Clarity – easily understood– Visibility – at least 2 inch letters– Simplicity - rule of seven
• 7 words per 7 lines
•Follow the FUR Principle:•Helps others follow, understand, and remember
•Collegiate Quality
•Reliability – work, won’t backfire
Vocal Citations.
Give Credit to Your Sources
•Failure to provide proper credit is plagiarism
•A Quote ≠ a Vocal Citation•Ex: Mark Twain said it best when he said, “It takes three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech.”
•Vocal citations include the name of the source – cite sources first
•Example: In the July 9 issue of the Daily News Gazette, 80% of all college professors were reported as saying that students do not use correct vocal citations.
•All statistics and quotes MUST have vocal citations.