Organs and SystemsOrgans and Systems

CellsCells are the basic unit of are the basic unit of structure and function in structure and function in living things.living things.

TissuesTissues are a group of cell are a group of cell working together to perform a working together to perform a certain function.certain function.

OrgansOrgans are groups of tissues working are groups of tissues working together to perform a specific function.together to perform a specific function.

Organ systemsOrgan systems are groups of organs are groups of organs working together to perform a specific working together to perform a specific functionfunction

OrganismOrganism is a group of organs systems is a group of organs systems working together to carry out the functions working together to carry out the functions of life. - YOU ARE AN ORGANISMof life. - YOU ARE AN ORGANISM

Circulatory SystemCirculatory System

FUNCTIONFUNCTION

To pump blood containing oxygen, To pump blood containing oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste nutrients, hormones, and waste throughout the body. throughout the body.

PartsParts

Heart = pumpHeart = pump

Blood vessels - combined Blood vessels - combined name for veins and arteriesname for veins and arteries

Veins- carry blood to heartVeins- carry blood to heart

Arteries- carry blood away Arteries- carry blood away from heartfrom heart

Works with the following systemsWorks with the following systemsRespiratory –Respiratory –

– picks up oxygen to deliver to the cells of the bodypicks up oxygen to deliver to the cells of the body– Takes carbon dioxide to the lungs to be expelledTakes carbon dioxide to the lungs to be expelled

Immune system-Immune system-– carries white blood cells, T-cells and other carries white blood cells, T-cells and other

components throughout the body to do their job.components throughout the body to do their job.

Digestive system-Digestive system-– picks up nutrients from the intestines to take to picks up nutrients from the intestines to take to

the rest of the bodythe rest of the body

Endocrine system –Endocrine system –– takes hormones throughout the bodytakes hormones throughout the body

Excretory system- Excretory system- – picks up waste from cells and takes them to be picks up waste from cells and takes them to be

expelled from the bodyexpelled from the body

Reproductive system –Reproductive system –– takes blood, hormones and nutrients to the takes blood, hormones and nutrients to the

reproductive organsreproductive organs

Musculo / skeletal system- Musculo / skeletal system- – provides blood and nutrients to bones and provides blood and nutrients to bones and

musclesmuscles

http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-body/heart-article.html

Respiratory system-Respiratory system-

function – supply oxygen and remove function – supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide

– Mouth –Mouth – takes in air, also helps filter stuff out of the takes in air, also helps filter stuff out of the air so it does not get into lungsair so it does not get into lungs

– Nose- Nose- takes in air, helps filter stuff out of the air so takes in air, helps filter stuff out of the air so it does not get into lungs, it does not get into lungs,

– Sinuses-Sinuses- small pockets in the bones of the forehead, small pockets in the bones of the forehead, and cheeksand cheeks

– Trachea- Trachea- air tube from nose and mouth to lungsair tube from nose and mouth to lungs

– Lungs- Lungs- organs that allow oxygen to pass from lungs organs that allow oxygen to pass from lungs into the circulatory system, also allows CO2 into the circulatory system, also allows CO2 to move out of the circulatory system into to move out of the circulatory system into the lungs to be expelled.the lungs to be expelled.

– Bronchi- air tubes that branch off tracheaBronchi- air tubes that branch off trachea– Bronchioles- smaller branches of bronchial tubesBronchioles- smaller branches of bronchial tubes– Alveoli – microscopic sacs at the end of Alveoli – microscopic sacs at the end of

bronchioles where gas exchange takes place.bronchioles where gas exchange takes place.

Interfaces with circulatory systemInterfaces with circulatory system

http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-body/lungs-article.html

Digestive systemDigestive systemFunction – Function –

Break down food Break down food we eat into useable we eat into useable molecules.molecules.

Parts of the digestive systemParts of the digestive system– Mouth, teeth, tongue and salivary glands-Mouth, teeth, tongue and salivary glands-

mechanically break down food, saliva puts enzymes mechanically break down food, saliva puts enzymes into the food that start to break it downinto the food that start to break it down

– Esophagus- Esophagus- the tube that connects the mouth and the stomachthe tube that connects the mouth and the stomach

– Stomach-Stomach- contains acid and enzymes that chemically contains acid and enzymes that chemically breakdown food into individual moleculesbreakdown food into individual molecules

– Small intestine- Small intestine- fat is digested here, most of the absorption of food fat is digested here, most of the absorption of food molecules into the blood molecules into the blood

– Large intestine-Large intestine- removes water and moves waste out of the removes water and moves waste out of the bodybody

– Liver- Liver- produces bile that has enzymes that break produces bile that has enzymes that break down fatdown fat

– Pancreas-Pancreas- produces enzymes that neutralize stomach produces enzymes that neutralize stomach acidacid

– Gallbladder –Gallbladder – stores bile produced by liver.stores bile produced by liver.

http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-body/digestive-system-article.html

Nervous SystemNervous SystemFunction –Function –

receives, and receives, and sends messages sends messages from the body to from the body to the brain and the the brain and the brain to the body- brain to the body- controls muscle controls muscle contraction, contraction, movement, movement, decision makingdecision making

PartsParts– Brain- Brain-

made of lots of neurons, it is the control center all made of lots of neurons, it is the control center all impulses are received, checked and responses are impulses are received, checked and responses are sent back at speeds of up to 200 miles an hour. sent back at speeds of up to 200 miles an hour. Controls breathing, and heart rateControls breathing, and heart rate

– Spinal column-Spinal column- made up of many nerves, connects the brain to the made up of many nerves, connects the brain to the nerves in the rest of the body.nerves in the rest of the body.

– Neurons –Neurons – individual cells that send impulses to other nerve individual cells that send impulses to other nerve cells and back to the braincells and back to the brain

http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-body/brain-article.html

Excretory System-Excretory System-

Function –Function –

to rid the body of to rid the body of

waste productswaste products

Organs Organs

Kidney- Kidney- – filters blood and removes waste filters blood and removes waste

products and excess waterproducts and excess water

Bladder-Bladder-– holds waste and water removed by the holds waste and water removed by the

kidneys before it is expelled from the kidneys before it is expelled from the bodybody

organsorgans

Lungs Lungs – Excrete carbon dioxideExcrete carbon dioxide

SkinSkin– Excretes waste, electrolytes, and water Excretes waste, electrolytes, and water

(sweat)(sweat)

Immune systemImmune system

this is a picture of anthis is a picture of an

immune cell eating immune cell eating

an anthrax bacteriaan anthrax bacteria

Function –Function –

Remove foreign matter from the Remove foreign matter from the body and to keep the body healthy body and to keep the body healthy removes bacteria, viruses,& pollenremoves bacteria, viruses,& pollen

PartsParts

Lymphocytes – Lymphocytes – – T-cells, b-cells, NKT-cells, b-cells, NK– Identify and attack Identify and attack – Viruses, tumors and bacteriaViruses, tumors and bacteria

SpleenSpleen• Removes old red blood cells, stores red blood Removes old red blood cells, stores red blood

incase of trauma, makes anitbodiesincase of trauma, makes anitbodies

ThymusThymus– Lymphocyte maturation, autoimmunityLymphocyte maturation, autoimmunity

Lymph nodesLymph nodes– Stores immune cells, filters and traps Stores immune cells, filters and traps

foreign materials that may be harmfulforeign materials that may be harmful

Interfaces with the circulatory Interfaces with the circulatory systemsystem

Reproductive systemReproductive system

Function – create new lifeFunction – create new life

Includes several organs that I won’t Includes several organs that I won’t list because you would not be able to list because you would not be able to handle ithandle it

Musculo/ Skeletal systemMusculo/ Skeletal system

FunctionFunction

– – provide movement and support of provide movement and support of the bodythe body

Includes the following organsIncludes the following organs– Neuron- sends and receives signals that Neuron- sends and receives signals that

causes movementcauses movement– Muscles- movementMuscles- movement– Bones- supportBones- support

Endocrine systemEndocrine system

Function Function

The endocrine system is instrumental The endocrine system is instrumental in regulating metabolism, growth and in regulating metabolism, growth and development and puberty, tissue development and puberty, tissue function, and plays a part also in function, and plays a part also in mood.[1] mood.[1]

Includes the following organsIncludes the following organs– Pituitary gland –in brain “master gland”Pituitary gland –in brain “master gland”

Growth hormome- growth of skin, bones etcGrowth hormome- growth of skin, bones etcProlactin – milk production in lactating Prolactin – milk production in lactating womenwomenThyrotropin – controls thyroid glandThyrotropin – controls thyroid glandCorticotropin – controls the adrenal glandCorticotropin – controls the adrenal gland

– Hypothalmus – in brain controls the Hypothalmus – in brain controls the pituitary glandpituitary gland

– Thyroid gland- in front of neck Thyroid gland- in front of neck Controls metabolism, bone growth, brain Controls metabolism, bone growth, brain development in children development in children

– Parathyroid – near thyroidParathyroid – near thyroidControl blood calcium levelsControl blood calcium levels

– Adrenal- on top of kidneyAdrenal- on top of kidneyWater balance, salt balance, stress, Water balance, salt balance, stress, metabolism, immune function and sexual metabolism, immune function and sexual developmentdevelopmentStress response hormonesStress response hormones

Pineal- in brain Pineal- in brain – Produces melatoninProduces melatonin– PubertyPuberty– Male and female hormonesMale and female hormones

– Pancreas- near liver and behind Pancreas- near liver and behind stomachstomach– Insulin and glucagon production for regulation of Insulin and glucagon production for regulation of

blood sugarblood sugar

Integumentary SystemIntegumentary System

organsorgans

FunctionFunction– Acts as a protective barrier between Acts as a protective barrier between

body and outside world. Sensory, heat body and outside world. Sensory, heat regulation, evaporation, storage, regulation, evaporation, storage, excretionexcretion

DermisDermis– Made of connective tissue, cushions Made of connective tissue, cushions

body, contains hair follicles, sweat body, contains hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glandsglands, oil glands

HypodermisHypodermis– Not actually part of the skin, attaches Not actually part of the skin, attaches

skin to underlying bone and muscles, skin to underlying bone and muscles, also provides blood supplyalso provides blood supply

Hair Hair – Made of a type of protein old cells Made of a type of protein old cells

packed together, grows out of follicles packed together, grows out of follicles attached to glands that produce oil,attached to glands that produce oil,

Sweat gland- two types eccrine Sweat gland- two types eccrine (excrete water) and appocrine (give (excrete water) and appocrine (give you body odor). Help with excretion you body odor). Help with excretion and temperature regulation. and temperature regulation.

Oil gland- also called sebaceous Oil gland- also called sebaceous glands produce oil to keep skin moist glands produce oil to keep skin moist and reduce water loss.and reduce water loss.

Lymphatic systemLymphatic system

System of vessels and capillaries that System of vessels and capillaries that transftransf