origin and development of social work
TRANSCRIPT
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“CHILD IS THE FATHER OF THE
MAN”
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My heart leaps when I beholdA rainbow in the sky;
So was it when my life began;
So is it now I am a man;
So be it when I shall grow old;
Or let me die!
The Child is the Father of the man;
And I wish my days to be
Bound each to each by natural piety
-Wordsworth
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Just like watching rainbow, the child in every human, loves to hear stories.
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THE STORY OF SOCIAL WORKARUN PAUL, MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY
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SOCIAL WORK DEFINITION (IFSW)
• “The social work profession promotes social change, problem solving in human relationships and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being. Utilizing theories of human behaviour and social systems, social work intervenes at the points where people interact with their environments. Principles of human rights and social justice are fundamental to social work."
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SOCIAL WORK HISTORY
• USA• UK• INDIA
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AMERCIAN STORY
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ERA OF CHURCH CENTERED CHARITY
• Before 1800AD• Church main agency for charity• MAJOR ACTIVITY: Able bodied homes
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RISING OF SERVICE ORGANISATIONS
• 18th Century• Emerged Voluntary Associations• Short life• Due to Duplication & Exploitation of services• Charity Organaizations• Fund rising, Distribution, Joint Survey
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FIRST SCHOOL OF SOCIAL WORK
• 1898 Training programmes started• First School of Social Work at NY• Known as NEWYORK SCHOOL OF SOCIAL WORK• To impart training to the members
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ERA OF GREAT DEPRESSION
• 1929• People lost jobs• FEDRAL EMERGENCY RELIEF ACT in 1933• It emphasized appointment of trained social workers
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NEW SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAMMES
• 1960, Anti- Poverty Programme• Martin Luther King, Leader of Congress• Pressurized government for equal rights to everyone
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FORMATION OF NASW
• From 1930 onwards many professional associations formed
• American Association of Medical Social Workers (AAMSW), the American Association of Psychiatric Social Workers (AAPSW), the National Association of School Social Workers (NAASW), The American association of Group Workers (AAGW), the Association for the Study of Community Organization (ASCO), and the Social Work Research Group (SWRG)
• On October 1, 1955, NASW born
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ENGLISH HISTORY
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PREMITIVE PERIOD
• NO SOCIAL WELFARE/ WORK• Problems were CURSE of GOD
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ERA OF CHRISTIAN CHARITY
• Christian beliefs & its wide effect on all over England• Importance of Charity• Birth of many missionaries, parishes, schools, hospitals• Same as Era of church centered Services in America
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STATUTE OF HENRY VIII
• 1531• Intervention of Monarch• Mayors and justices appointed to investigate applications
kept by parishes• Registration, License and Assigned area for the
applicants• Recognition of public responsibility for the poor and
needy• Nationalization of Churches and charity institutions
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ELIZABETHEAN POOR LAW
• 1601• First social legislation• Some of the provisions were• RESIDENCE: For the people of particular area; not for
migrants; stay for three years required for benefits.• RELATIVES: Earning member has the duty to take care of
others.• ABLE-BODIED HOMES: Work homes for physicaly sound
beggers
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SOCIAL SERVICES & THEORIES
• 1800-1900• ADAM SMITH THEORY: Government should minimize
its involvement; otherwise lead to much dependency.• MALTHUSIAN THEORY: MORE FREE SERVICES=
MORE CHILDREN• EMERGENCE OF ROYAL COMMISSION, 1832.• Recommended changes to poor law based on the theories
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AMMENDMENT OF ELIZABATHAN POOR LAW
• New poor law in 1834, based on the recommendations of Royal commission.
• Able-bodied continued to work in able-bodied homes.• Better help for slum dwellers.• FACTORIES ACT• SLUM DWELLERS PUBLIC HEALTH ACT
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FIRST SCHOOL OF SOCIAL WORK
• Towards the end of 19th century, many charity organizations formed.
• Started giving training to its members• Later formed a School of Social Work, 1910
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WILLIAM BEVERIDGE COMMISSION
• 1941• New committee• Chairman: William Beveridge• Health and Old age services• 1948, Scoial Security for industrial workers• Provision for special grants at every important states of
life
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INDIAN HISTORY
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CHRISTIAN MISSIONARIES
• Arrival of Christian missionaries• Organized service
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ERA OF SOCIAL REFORM
• Organized services for needy• Emergence of Brahmasamaj, Aryasamaj, Ramakrishna
mission• Religious in nature
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INFLUENCE OF WESTERN IDEAS
• Western ideas started to influence• Liberalism, rationalism, democracy• Resulted in a Rationalistic approach to social service
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THE SERVANTS OF INDIA SOCIETY
• 1905• Gopal Krishna Gokhale• No religious basis• Training to members
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ARRIVAL OF GANDHI
• New diamensions to the service sector• No scope for difference in social, religious, political and
economic aspects.• VISION: health and hygiene, basic education, adult
education, women’s welfare, students’ welfare, rural welfare, tribal welfare, work with lepers and economic equality.
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FIRST SCHOOL OF SOCIAL WORK
• 1936• Clifford Marshal, protestant missionary• Sir Dorabji Tata School of Social Sciences• Bombay• Renamed as Tata Institute of Social Sciences
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Thank you!