EWIPO/CEIPI/PI/SB/98/13

ORIGINAL: French

DATE: September 1998

CEIPI

CENTER FOR INTERNATIONALINDUSTRIAL PROPERTY STUDIES

OF THE UNIVERSITY OF STRASBOURG

CDWORLD INTELLECTUAL

PROPERTY ORGANIZATION

I~I-NATIONAL INSTITUTE OFINDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

OF FRANCE

WIPO TRAINING COURSE ONTHE LEGAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

organized bythe World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

in cooperation withthe Center for International Industrial Property Studies (CEIPI)

of the University of Strasbourg (France)

andthe National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) of France

Strasbourg, September 7 to 25,1998

PATENT DOCUMENTS AS A SOURCE OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION

Lecture by Mr. Hubert Fuchs, Patent Examiner, General Directorate I,European Patent Office (EPa), Berlin

n; \orgacad\shared\sxb98\doc-e\fuchs98e.doc

WIPOICEIPIIPIISB/98113page 2

1. Introduction

When an inventor files a patent application in order to protect his invention, he does sowith the intention of obtaining an exclusive right to work his invention for a period of20 years at most. He is granted such a right if his application satisfies all the necessaryconditions for obtaining a patent.

The inventor undertakes, in return, to accept publication of his invention, which cantherefore no longer be kept secret.

Requesting a patent therefore implies the commitment to make the inventionpublic.

This compulsory publication is the reason why patent documents represent aconsiderable volume of technical information, a source of technical information, which itwould be a crime not to take into account!

2. Why is technical information necessary?

Technical information is necessary because it avoids reinventing things whichalready exist and which may have indeed existed for a long time.

For instance, I have a certain problem that I need to solve. If! know all the solutionsthat have been used so far in order to solve that problem, I can choose that solution whichappears best adapted to my needs, on condition of course that it is not protected by a patent. IfI don't know of any solution, I will be obliged to invest time and money in order to inventone, and which will not necessarily be the solution best adapted to my needs.

Even if none of the existing solutions is adapted to my needs and I am obliged to inventa new solution, knowledge of the existing solutions will enable me to begin developing thenew solution as from the level of the prior art, thus making things much easier.

3. The various sources of technical information

There are multiple sources of technical information; they may be oral in the case of anopinion given by a man skilled in the art, of a lecture or of a congress, or written in the caseof specialized books, technical reviews or other technical periodicals, or material in the caseof exhibitions.

Such sources are generally grouped together under the heading of non-patentinformation or non-patent documentation.

A further important source of technical information is of course constituted by patentdocuments.

WIPOICEIPIIPIISB/98113page 3

4. Presentation of technical information in non-patent documentation

The typical structure of a non-patent document is as follows:

bibliographic datastate of the art: referencesproblem/solutionpossible drawings

5. Presentation of technical information in patent documents

We must remember here that there are differing types of patent documents, in the mainthese are the following:

a patent application, published 18 months after the priority date with or without asearch reporta search report published alonea granted patenta utility model

The typical structure of a patent document is as follows:

* first page:

* description:

- bibliographic information- legal information- technical classification- abstract- best illustration of the invention- technical field of the invention- known state of the art- technical problem to be solved- solution to the problem proposed- exarnple(s) of the manner of implementation

* claim(s)* drawings, where appropriate* results of search: search report.

6. Advantages of patent documentation

The most significant advantages are the following:

over one million patent applications published each year80% of patent disclosures are never published in any other waythe coded presentation of the information is standardized to a very high extentthe information may be available in several languages where applications havebeen filed in a number of countries.

WIPOICEIPIIPIISB/98113page 4

7. How to access such patent information?

In a conventional manner using the International Patent Classification, IPC (seeAnnexes I and II), which divide up into more than 67,000 groups the whole technical range, orwith the aid of the official catchword index (see Annex III).

The IPC is a classification system which enables technical documents to be arrangedmethodically and thus to be made more readily accessible.

The catchword index aims to identify those parts of the IPC to which reference shouldbe made in order to find a given technical subject matter. The index is made up of catchwords suitable to identify technical subject matter that could be of interest for the user of theIPC and to which a more or less precise place in the IPC can be attributed.

Or again by computerized means: searching in a database (WPI, CD-ROM, etc.) withthe aid of the IPC or of catchwords.

8. Who can provide assistance in rmding such patent information?

Specialized firms and the patent offices, inter alia, can assist you in your searching.

The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) has implemented since 1975,with the help of donor patent offices, a program providing patent information services todeveloping countries.

9. Examples of the use of patent information

If you wish, for example, to know:

which firms are working in your technical sector?what other applications have been filed by a given inventor or by a givenapplicant?whether solutions already exist to a specific technical problem?whether you have a chance of obtaining a patent for a given invention?whether you are free to exploit or sell a product in a third country?

it is essential to use patent information!

10. Conclusion

Do not forget patent information, it will help you to reduce costs and to optimize yourinnovative capacity.

[Annexes follow]

WIPO/CEIPIJPIISB/98/13ANNEXI· .

, InternationalPatentClassificationSixth Edition (1994) .

Volume 9Guide, Survey ofClasses .and Summary ofMain Groups

. • World Intellectual Property Organization

WlPO/CEIPI/PIISB/98113Annex I, page 2

SURVEY OFSECTIONS

SECTION A: HUMAN NECCESSITIES

SECTION B: PERFORMINGOPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

SECTION C: CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

SECTION D: TEXTILES; PAPER

SECTION E: FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS

SECTION F: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

SECTION G: PHYSICS

SECTION H: ELECTRICITY

WlPO/CEIPIIPI/SB/98/13Annex-Lpage 3

SURVEY OF CLASSES

SECTION A - HUMAN NECESSITIES

Subsection: Agriculture

A 01 Agriculture: forestry: animal husbandry: hunting:trapping; fishing

Subsection: Foodstuffs; tobacco

A 21 Baking:edible doughs

A 22 Butchering: meat treatment: processing poultry or ~~hA 23 Foods or foodstuffs: their treatment. not covered by other

classes ...

A 24 Tobacco:cigars: cigarettes: smokers"requisites

Subsection: Personal or domestic articles

A 41 Wearingapparel

A 42 Headwear

A 43 Footwear

A 44 Haberdashery; jewellery

A 45 Hand or travelling articles

A 46 Brushware

A 47 Furniwre;dOmestic articles or appliances: coffee mills:spice mills: suction cleaners in general

Subseclion: Health; arnusemeot

A 61 Medical or veterinary science: hygieneA 62 Life-saving: fire-fighting

A 63 Sports; games: amusements

SECTION B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

807

808809

822

8238 24­825

866867

Subsection: Separating;DObdng

8 01 Physicalor chemical processes"or apparatus in general

B 02 Crushing. pulverising. or disintegrating: preparatorytreatment of grain for milling

B 03 Separation of solid materials using liquids or usingpneumatic tables or jigs: magnetic or electrostaticseparation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids:separation by high-voltage electric-fields

B 04 Centrifugal apparatus or machines for carrying-outphysicalor chemical processes

B 05 Spraying or atomising in general: applying liquids or otherfluent materials to surfaces. in general

B 06 Generating or transmitting mechanical vibrations ingeneralSeparating solids from solids: sorting

CleaningDisposal of solid waste: reclamation of contaminated soil

Subsection: Shaping

B 21 Mechanical metal-working without essentially removingmaterial: punching metalCasting:powder metallurgy

Machinetools: metal-working not otherwiseprovided for

Grinding: polishing

Hand tools: ponable power-driven tools: handles for handimplements: workshop equipment: manipulators

B 26 Handcutting tools: cutting: severing

SECTION C - CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

B 27 Working or preserving wood or similar material: nailing orstapling machines in general

B 28 Working cement. clay. or stone

B 29 Working of plastics: working of substances in a plasticstate in general

830 Presses8 31 Making paper articles; working paper8 32 Layered products

Subseclion: Printing

B 41 Printing; lining machines: typewriters; Slamps

8 42 Bookbinding; albums: files; special printed mailer8 43 .Writing or dtawing ~plements: bureau accessories8 44 Decorative arts

Subseclion: Traosporting

8 60 Vehicles in general

8 6J Railways

8 62 Land vehicles for travelling otherwise than on rails

8 63 Ships or other waterborne vessels: related equipmentB 64 Aircraft; aviation; cosmonautics

8 65 Conveying; packing; storing; handling thin or filamentarymaterial

Hoisting; lifting: hauling

Opening or closing bottles. jars or similar containers:liquid handling

8 68 Saddlery: upholstery

Subsection: Chemistry

COl inorganic chemistry

C02 Treatment of water, waste water. sewage. or sludge~ 03 Glass: mineral or slag wool

C()4.

C05C06

.C07

Cements: concrete; artificial stone: ceramics: refractories

Fertilisers; manufacture thereof

Explosives; matches

Organic chemistry

WIPO/CEIPJlPI/SB/981l3Annex.I, page 4 .

Classes ,.

C25

C30

cos

C09

CII)

CII

CI2

C 13CI4

Organic macromolecular compounds: theirpreparation orchemical working-up; compositions based thereonDyes: paints; polishes: natural resins:adhesives:miscellaneous compositions: miscellaneous applicationsof materials

Petroleum. gas or coke industries: technical gasescontainingcarbon monoxide: fuels: lubricants: peatAnimal or vegetableoils. fats. fauy substances or waxes:latty acids therefrom; detergents: candles

Biochemistry: beer: spirits; wine: vinegar: microbiology:enzymology; mutauon or genetic engineering

Sugar industry

Skins; hides; pelts; leather

Subsection: Metallurgy

C 21 Metallurgy of ironC 22 Metallurgy: ferrous or non-ferrous alloys: treatment of

alloys or non-ferrousmetalsC 23 Coating metallic material: coating material with metallic

material: chemical surface treatment: diffusion treatmentof metallic material; coating by vacuum evaporation. bysputtering. by ion implantation or by chemical vapourdeposition. in general: inhibiting corrosion of metallicmaterial or incrustation in general

Electrolytic or electrophoretic processes: apparatus thereforCrystal growth

DOl

D02

003004

SECTION D - TEXTILES; PAPER

Subsection: Textilesor flexible materials not otherwiseprovided for

Natural or artificial threads or fibres: spinning

Yams: mechanical finishing of yams or ropes; warping orbeaming

Weaving

Braiding; lace-making; knitting; trimmings: non-wovenfabrics

SECTION E - FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS

Subsection: Building

E 0 I Construction of roads. railways. or bridges

E 02 Hydraulic engineering; foundations; soil-shifting

E 03 Water supply:sewerageE 04 BuildingE 05 Locks: keys; window or door fittings; safes

005 Sewing; embroidering: tuftingD 06 Treatment of textiles or me like: laundering: tlexible

materials not otherwise provided for

D07 Ropes; cables other than electric

Subsection: Paper

D 21 Paper-making; production of cel1ulose

E 06 Doors. windows. shutters. or roller blinds. in general:ladders

Subsection: Earth drilling; mining

E 21 Earth drilling: mining

SECTION F - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS;BLASTING

Subsection: Engines or pumps

F 01 Machines or engines in general: engine plants in general:steam engines

F 02 Combustion engines: hot-gas or combustion-productengine plants

F 03 Machines or engines for liquids; wind. spring. weight. ormiscellaneous motors; producing mechanical power or areactive propulsive thrust. not otherwise provided for

F 04 Positive-displacement machines for liquids: pumps forliquids or elastic fluids

Subsection: Engineering in general

F 15 Fluid-pressure actuators: hydraulics or pneumatics ingeneral

F l6 Engineering elements or units: general measures forproducing and maintaining effective functioning ofmachines or installations: thermal insulation in general

F 17 Storing or distributing gases or liquids

Subsection: Lighting; heating

F21 LightingF 22 Steam generation

F 23 Combustion apparatus; combustion processes

F 24 Heating: ranges: ventilating

F 25 Refrigeration or cooling; combined heating andrefrigeration systems; heat pump systems: manufacture orstorage of ice; liquefaction or solidification of gases

F26 DryingF 27 Furnaces: kilns: ovens; retorts

F ::''i: Heat exchange in general

S, «tion: Weapons; blasting

F41 Weapons

F 42 Ammunition; blasting

WIPO/CEIPIIPIISB/98113Annex1,page 5

SECTION G - PHYSICS

Subsection: Instruments

G 01 Measuring: testing

G 02 Optics

G 03 Photography: cinematography: analogous techniquesusing waves other than optical waves: electrography:holography

G 04 Horology

G 05 Controlling; regulating

G 06 Computing: calculating: counting

G 07 Checking-devices

SECTION H - ELECTRICITIY

G 08 Signalling

G 09 Educating: cryptography: display: advertising; scabG 10 Musical instruments: acoustics

G II Information storage

G 12 Instillment details

Subsection: Nucleonics

G 21 Nuclear physics: nuclear engineering.

HOI

B 02

Busicelectric clements

Generation. conversion. or distribution of electric power

H03B04Ii OS

Basic electronic circuitry

Electric communication technique

Electric techniques not otherwise provided for

[Annex II fonows]

WIPO/CEIPJlPJ/SB/98113ANNEX]I·

InternationalPatentClassificationSixth Edition (1994)

Volume 2

Section BPerforming Operations;Transporting

• World Intellectual Property Organization

WlPO/CEIPI/PIISB/98/13Annex IT, page 2

SECTION B - PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

CONTENTS OFSEcrION (References and notes omitted

SlIbsection: SEPARATING; MIXING

B 01

BOIBB 010

B 01 FB 011

B 01 L

PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSESORAPPARATUSINGENERAL •......... 12

Boiling; Boiting apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Separation .................•.....12Mixing. e.g, dissolving. emulsifying, dispersing ..• 22

Chemical or physical processes. e.g. eatalysis.colloid chemistry; Their relevant apparatus . . . . . . 24

Chemical or physicallahotatory apparatus forgeneral use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . 33

BOS

BOSB

BOSC

BOSO

SPRAYING OR ATOMISING INGENERAL; APPLYING LIQUIDS OROTHER FLUENTMATERIALS TOSURFACES, IN GENERAL .....•...•.. 43

Spraying appatatus; Atomising apparatus;Nozzles .........••.....•..•••.. 43Apparatus for applying liquids or other fluentmaterials to surfaces. in general ••.••.••• _ • 45

Processes for applying liquids or otherfluentmaterials to surfaces. in general 47

B 02 CRUSHING, PULVERISING, ORDISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORYTREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING .... 34

B 06 GENERATING OR TRANSMITTINGMECHANICAL VIBRATIONS INGENERAL ...•...........•..•••. 49

B02B

B02C

Bll3

B03B

B03C

B030

Preparing grain for milling; Refining granularfruit to commercial products by working thesurface ........................• 34Crushing. pulverising. or disinregtating ingeneral; Milling grain ...............•. 34

SEPARATION OFSOLID MATERIALSUSING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATICTABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC ORELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OFSOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLIDMATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATIONBYffiGH-VOLTAGEELECTRICFlELDS .... 37

Separating solid materials using liquids or usingpneumatic tables or jigs 37

Magnetic or electrostatic separationof solidmaterials from solid materials or fluids;Separation by high-voltage electric fields . . . . . . . 38Flotation; Differential sedimentation 39

B 06 B Genetating or transmitting mechanical vibtationsin general .......•....... _ • • . • . • • 49

B ITT SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS;SOlUING 50

B 07 B Separating solids from solids by sieving.screening. or sifting or by using gas cune:nts;Other sepatating by dry methods applicable tobulk material.e.g, loose articles fit I<> be handledlike bulk material ... . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . • SO

B 07 C Postal sorting; Sorting individual articles. or bulkmaterial fit to be sorted piece-meal, e.g, bypicking _ ..•..•.... 51

. B 08 CLEANING ...............•..... 53

B 08 B Cleaning in general; Prevention of fouling ingeneral ..............•......... 53

B Cl4 CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS ORMACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUTPHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES .... 41

B 04 B Centrifuges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

B 04 C Apparatus using free vortex flow. e.g. cyclones .... 42

B 09 DISPOSALOFSOLID WASTE;RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATEDSOIL 55

B 09 B Disposal of solid waste . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . 55

B 09 C Reclamation of contaminated soil 56

WIPO/CEIPIIPIISB/98/13Annex II, page3

Subsection: SHAPING

58

B21

B21 B

B21C

B21 D

B21 FB21 GB21 H

B211

B21 K

B21 L

MECHANICAL METAL-WORKINGWITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVINGMATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL .

Rollingof metal 58

Manufactureof metal sheets, wire. rods. robes orprofiles. otherwisethan by rolling;Auxiliaryoperations usedinconnection withmetal-working withoutessentially removingmaterial . . . . . . . . '.' • . . . . . . • . . . . . . 62

WoIking or processingof sheet metalor metalrobes. rods or profileswithout essentiallyremovingmaterial;Punching ...........• 64WoIkiogorprocessingofwire 69

Makingneedles. pins. or nails 70Makiogparticularmetal objectsby rolling.e.g.screws.wheels. rings, barrels. balls 71

Forging; Hammering; Pressing; Riveting; Forgefurnaces . . . '.' . . • . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 72

Makingforged or pressedproducts,e.g.horse-shoes. rivets.bolts. wheels 73.Makingchains 75

B 23 P Other workingof metal; Combinedoperations;Universal machinetools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . !OI

B 23 Q Details. components. or accessories for machinetools:e.g.arrangements forcopyingorcontrolling; Machine toolsin general,characterised by the construction of particulardetailsor components; Combinationsorassociations of metal-working machines. notdirected to a panicular result . _ . . . . . . . . .. 102

B24 GRlNDING;POLISHING ..........•. 107

B 24 B Machines.devices.or processes for grinding orpolishing; Dressing or conditioningof abradingsurfaces;Feedingof grinding, polishing.orlappingagents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . 107

B 24 C Abrasiveor relatedblasting with particulatematerial •....••...••...••.••..• 112

B 24 D Tools for grinding.buffmg. or sharpening ..•.. 113

B2S HAND TOOLS; PORTABLEPOWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; HANDLES FORHAND IMPLEMENTS; WORKSHOPEQUIPMENT; MANIPULATORS . . . . . . .. liS

B22

B22CB22D

B22F

B23

B23BB23CB23 D

B23 F

B23G

B23 H

B 23 K

CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY ..... 76

Foundry moulding 76

Castingof metals;Casting of othersubstances bythesameprocessesordevices 78WoIking metallic powder. Manufactureofarticles from metallicpowder. Makingmetallicpowder 81

MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKINGNOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR . . . . .. 83

Tuming;Boring ..........•........ 83Milling ......................:. 87Planing: Slotting; Shearing; Broaching; Sawing;Filing; Scraping; Like operationsfor workingmetalby removing material. nototherwiseprovidedfor 88Makinggears or toothed racks . . . . . . . . . . .. 93

Thread cutting; Working of screws, boltheads.ornuts. in conjunction therewith . . . . . . . . . 95Working of metalby the action of a highconcentration of electric current onaworkpieceusingan electrode which takes theplaceof atoot Such workingcombined withother formsof workingof metal 96

Solderingor unsoldering; Welding; Cladding orplating by soldering or welding: Cutting byapplying heat locally. e.g. flame cutting:Working by laser bearn . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . 97

B25B

B25C

B25DB25F

B25GB2SH

B251

B26

B26B

B26D

B26F

B27

Toolsor bench devicesnototherwiseprovidedfor, for fastening. connecting, disengaging.orholding .. , _ 115

Hand-heldnailingor stapling tools;Manually-operated portablestapling tools ..... 117Percussivetools .... . . . . . . . . . . • . •. 118Combination ormulti-purpose tools nototherwiseprovided for; Details or components ofportablepower-driven tools not particularlyrelated to the opelationsperformed and nototherwiseprovided for .........••...• 119

Handlesfor handimplements .. . . . . . • . . . -. 119

WoIkshop equipment, e.g. for marlcing-out work;Storagemeansfor workshops • . . . . . '.' • . . . 120Manipulators; Chambers provided withmanipUlation devices ..........•...•. 120

HAND CUfTlNG TOOLS; CUTTING;SEVERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . 122

Hand-held cuttingtools not otherwise providedfor 122

Cutting; Details common to machines forsevering. e.g.by cutting. perforating.punching.stamping-om _ . . . . . . • . . . 124Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out;Stamping-out; Severingby meansother thancutting .. . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . .. . . .. . 126

WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD ORSIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING ORSTAPLINGMACHINES IN GENERAL ..... 128

B 27 B Saws;Components or accessories therefor ., . . . 128

c

WIPO/CEIPIIPJ/SB/98/13Annex II, page4

827C

8270827F

8270

827H8271

827K

B27L

827M

827N

Planing.drilling. milling. turning.or universalmachines . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 130

Workingveneeror plywood . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Dovetailedwork;Tenons; Sloning machines;Nailingor Stapling machines ........•... 131

Accessory machines or apparaIUS; Tools; Safetydevices.e.g. for saws .............•.. 132Bending;Cooperage; Wheel-making .•..•... 133

Mechanicalworking of cane,cork, or similarmaterials ...•.•.....•...•....•.. 133

Processes. apparatus or selection ofsubstancesfor impregoating.staining, dyeing,bleaching ofwood or similar materials. or tn:aling of wood orsimilar maIeria\s with permeanlliquids. nototherwise provided for. Chemicalor physicaltreatment of cork, cane.reed, straW or similarmaterials .... . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • . . 133

Removingbark or vestigesof branches; Spliningwood;Manufactureof veneer.wooden sticks.wood shavings;wood fibresor wood powder . • . . 134

Workingof wood not providedfor in subclassesB 27 B to B 271.; Manufactureof specificwooden articles ....•...........•.. 134Manufactureby dIy processesof articles. withorwithout organic binding agents.madefromparticlesor fibresconsisting of wood or otherlignocel\Ulosic or like organicmaterial 135

B 30 PRESSES. . . . . • . . • . . . • . . . . . • . .. 159

B 30 B Presses in general . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. 159

B 31 MAKING PAPER AKI1CLES; WORKINGPAPER ..... . • . . . . • . . . . • . • . . .. 161

8 31 B Makingboxes. cartons. envelopes, or bags • • . .. 161B 31 C Makingwound articles, e.g. wound lUbes ..... 165

B 31 D Makingother paperarticles . . . . • . . . . . . .. 165B 31 F Mechanical workingor deformationof paperor

cardboard •.••••.••.•...•••••••. 166

B32 LAYEREDPRODUCTS ..•....•..... 167

B 32 B Layeredproducts. i.e. productsbuilt-up of strataof l1al or non-flat.e.g. cellularor honeycomb.form .• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . .. 167

Subsection: PRINTING

B 41 PRINTING; LINING MACBINES;TYPEWlUTERS; STAMPS 172

B28

B28B

B28C

B280

B29

B29B

B29C

B29D

B29K

B29L

WORKING CEMENT. CLAY,OR STONE .. . 136

Shapingclay or other ceramiccompositions.slagor mixtures containing cementitious material.e.g. piaster ..•.........•••....•.. 136

Preparingclay; Producing mixturescontainingclay orcementitious material. e.g. piaster •..... 139

Workingstone or stone-like materials . . . . . . . • 140

WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OFSUBSTANCES IN A PLASIlC STATE INGENERAL ...................•. 141

Preparationor pretreatment of the material to beshaped; Making granules or preforms;Recoveryof plastics or other constituentsof waste materialcontaining plastics . . . . . • . . • . • . . . . . . . 141

Shaping Orjoining of plastiCs; Shaping ofsubstances in a plastic stale,in general; After-treatment of the shaped products. e.g. repairing . . . 142

Producing particulararticlesfrom plastics orfrom substances in a plasticstate lSI

Indexing scheme associatedwith subclassesB29 B. Cor B 29 O. relatingto mouldingmaterials orto materials for reinforcements.fillers or preformed parts.e.g, inserts 153

Indexing schemeassociatedwith subclass B 29C. relating to particular articles 157

B 41 B Machines or accessories for making, setting, ordistributingtype; Type; Photographicorphotoelectronic cotnposingdevices ...•....

B 41 C Processes for the manufactureor reproduction ofprintingsurfaces ............•.....

B 41 0 Apparatus for the mechanicalrepmduction ofprintingsurfaces for stereotype printing; Shapingelasticor defilrmablemareriaI to filrmprinting

- surfaces .

B 41 F Printingmachinesor presses ••.•.•••.••.B 41 G Apparatus for bronze printing. line prinring, or

for borderingor edging sheetsor like articles;AuxifiaIY apparatus for perforatinginconjunctionwith printing . . . . • " . • . • . . .

B 411 Typewriters; Selective printingmechanisms. i.e.mechanisms printing otherwisethan from aforme; Correctionoftypographicalerrors ••...

B 4\ K Stamps;Stamping or numberingapparatusordevices ..

B 41 L Apparatus or devices for manifolding,duplicating. or printing for office or othercommetcialpurposes; Addressingmachinesorlikeseries-printingmachines .... . . . . . . . .

B 41 M Printing, duplicating,marking, or copyingprocesses; Colour printing ......•..•...

B 41 N Printingplatesor foils; Materialsfor surfacesused in printing machinesfor printing.inking.damping.or the like; Preparingsuch surfaces foruseorconserving them .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

172

\75

176

176

181

181

190

192

196

198

WIPO/CEIPIIPIISB/98/13Annex II, page 5

B 42 BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES;SPEClALPRlNTEDMATrER 199

B 42 B Permanently attachingtogethersheets.quires. orsignatures.or permanently attachingobjectsthereto .•...................... 199

B 42 C Bookbinding ................•.... 199

B 42 D Books: Bookcovers;Loose leaves;Printedmatter of specialformator style oat otherwiseprovidedfor; Devices for use therewith;Movable-strip writingor .eading apparatus ..... 200

B 42 F Sheets temporarily attachedtogether; Filingappliances; File canis; Indexing ....•.•.... 201

B 43 WRITING OR DRAWINGIMPLEMENTS;BUREAU ACCESSORIES ...........•. 204

B 43 K Implements for writingor drawing . .. 204

B 43 L Articlesfor writingor drawing upon;Accessories for writingor drawing . . . . . . . 206

B 43 M Bureauaccessories not otherwise provided for ... 208

B 44 DECORATIVEARTs 209

B 44 B Machines. apparatus, or tools for artistic work,e.g. forsculpturing, guilloching,carving.branding,inlaying ....•............. 209

B 44 C Producingdecorativeeffects; Mosaics;Taniawotk; Paperilanging ••.•.•.••••••.••• 209

B 44 0 Paintingor artisticdrawing.not otherwiseprovidedfor; Preserving paintings;SurfacelJealment to obtainspecial artistic surface effectsor finishes . . . . . . . . . • • . . • . . • . . . . . • 210

B 44 F Specialdesigns or pictures . . • . . . . . • . . . . . 211

Subsection: TRANSPORTING

B 60 VEmCLES IN GENERAL ........•... 212

B 60 B Vehiclewheels;Castots; Axles; Increasing wheeladhesion ................•...... 212

B 60 C Vehicle lyres; Tyreinflation;Tyre changing;Connecting valves to inflatableelastic bodies ingeneral; Devicesor arrangementsrelated to tyres .. 215

B 60 D Vehicleconnections 218

B 60 F Vehicles for use both on rail and on road;Amphibious or like vehicles;Convertiblevehicles 219

B 60 G Vehicle suspensionarrangements 219

B 60 H Arrangements or adaptationsof heating. cooling.ventilating, or other air-treatingdevices speciallyfor passenger or goods spacesof vehicles 221

B 60 J Windows. windscreens. non-fixedroofs. doors.or similar devicesfor vehicles; Protectivecoverings forvehiclesnot in use . . . . . . . . . . . 222

B 60 K Arrangement or mountingof propulsionunits orof aansmissions invehicles: Anangement ormountingof pluraldiverseprime-movers;Auxiliarydrives; Instrumentation or dashboardsfor vehicles;Conjointcontrol of drive units;,Arrangements inconnection withcooling.airintalce, gasexhaust, or fuel supply,of propulsionunits, in vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ._. 223

B 60 L Electricequipmentor propulsionofelectrically-propelled vehicles;Magneticsuspension orlevitation forvehicles;Electrodynantic brake systems for vehicles. ingeneral .. .. .. . . .. .. . . .. . .... .. 221

B 60 M Powersupply lines. or devicesalong rails. forel.ectrica1ly-propelled vehicles ....•.....• 229

B60 N Vehiclepassengeraccommodationnot otherwiseprovidedfor • -. . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . 230

B 60 P Vehicles adapted for load ttanspurtationor totranspu~ to carty, or to comprise specialloatisor objects ...........•....•. -. . • . 230

B 60 Q Vehicle lightingor signalling .. . . . . . . . . • . 232B 60R Vehicles. vehicle fittings,or vehicle parts, not

otherwiseprovided for .........•...•. 233B 60 S Servicing.cleaning, repairing,supporting,

lifting, or manoeuvring of vehicles•.Dototherwiseprovided for ...•......•..•• 231

B 60 T Vehicle brakecontrol systemsor parts thereof;Brakecontrolsystems, or parts thereof, in general . 238

B 60V, Air-cushion vehicles . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . 242

B 61 RAILWAYS ' '. . . 243

B 61 B Railwaysystems;Equipment therefor oatotherwiseprovided for ............'... 243

B 61 C Locomotives; Motor railcars .....•...•.. 244

B 610 Bodydetailsor kinds ofrailwayvehicles •....• 246

B 61 F Rail vehiclesuspensions. e.g. underframes,bogies. arrangements of wheel axles;Railvehiclesfor useon tracks of differentwidth;Preventing derailing; Wheels guards; ,Obsttuction removers or lbe like 248

B 61 G Couplings; Draughtor buffingappliances 249

B 61 H Brakesor other retartiingapparatus peculiar torail vehicles;Arrangementsor dis-positionsofbrakesor other retarding apparatusin railvehicles ......... _ . . . .. .. . .. .. . 250

B61 J Shiftingor shunting of rail vehicles •.....•.. 251

B 61 K Otherauxiliaryequipment for railways . . • . . . . 252B 61 L Guidingrailwaytraffic: Ensuring lbe safety of

railwaytraffic . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

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WIPO/CEIPJlPI/SB/98/13Annex Il, page 6

B 62 LANDVEHICLES FOR TRAVELLINGOTHERWISE THANON RAILS 256

B 62 B Hand-propelled vehicles, e.g, hand carts,perambulators; Sledges 256

B 62 C Vehiclesdrawn by animals ..•••.••.•.•. 257

B 62 0 Motor vehicles; Tlailers .. . . . . . . . . . . . • . 258

B 62H Cycle stands; SuppoltS or holders for parking orstoring cycles; Appliances preventing orindicating unauthorised use or theft ofcycles;Locksintegl3! with eycles; Devices for learningto ride eycles . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . 263

B 621 Cycle saddles or seats; Accessories peculiar toeycles and not o<herwise provided for. e.g, articlecarriers, eycle protectors • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

B 62 K Cycles; Cycle frames; Cycle steering devices;Rider-operaled rerminal controls speciallyadapred for cycles; Cycle axle. suspensions;Cycle sidecars. forecars. or the like 265

B 62 L Brakes specially adapred for eycles 267.B 62 M Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles or sledges;

Powered propulsion of sledges or cycles;Transmissions specially adapred for such vehicles . 268

B li3 SHIPSOR OTHER WATERBORNEVESSELS;RELATED EQUIPMENT ....•. 270

B 63 B Ships or other waterborne vessels; Equipmentfor shipping .•.................•• 270

B 63 C Launching. hauling-out, or dry-docking ofvessels; Life-saving in water; Equipment fordwel6ng or woriting under water; Means forsalvaging or searching for underwater objects ... 275

B 63 G Offensiveor defensive arrangements on vessels;mine-laying; Mine-sweeping; submarines;Airaaft carriers 277

B 63 H Marine propulsion or steering . . . . . . . . . . . . 278

B 63 J Auxiliaries on vessels ..•.••.....•...• 281

B 64 AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS .• 282

B 64 B Lighter-than-air airaafT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

B 64 C Aeroplanes; Helicopters . • . . . . . . • 282

B 64 0 Equipment for fitting in or to aircraft; Ayingsuits; Parachutes; Arrangements or mounting ofpower plants or propulsion transmissions . . . . . . 286

B 64 F Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations .... 289

B 64 G Cosmonautics; Vehicles or equipment therefor '" 290

B 55 CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING;HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARYMATERIAL 292

B 65 B Machines. apparatus or devices for. or methodsof. packaging articles or materials; Unpacking . " 292

B 55 C Labelling or lagging machines. apparaws. orprocesses 300

B 65 0 Containers for storage or transport of articles ormaterials. e.g. bags. barrels. bottles. boxes. cans.canons. crates, drums. jars. tanks.. hoppers..forwarding containers: Accessories. closures. orfillings therefor; Packaging elements: packages " 301

B 65 F Gathering or removal ofdomestic or like refuse " 316

B 65 G Transpon or storage devices. e.g, conveyers forloading Or tipping; Sbop conveyer systems;Pneumatic mbe conveyers .......•.•... 317

B 65 H H3ndling thin or filamentary marerial. e.g.sheets.. webs, cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326

B 66 HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING 337

B 66 B Elevatots; Escalatots or moving Walkways • . . " 337

B 66 C Cranes; Load-engaging elements or devices forcranes, capstans. winches. or tackles •....... 339

B 66 0 Capstans; Winches: Tackles. e.g. pulley blocks;Hoists 343

B 66 F Hoisting, lifting. hauling, or pushing. nototherwise provided for. e.g. devices which applY'a lifting or pushing force directly to tbe surfaceofa load .....•.........•.•••. " 345

B ()1 OPENING OR CLOSING BOTTLES, JARSOR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUIDHANDLING .... . .. . .. .. . .. .. ... 347

B fiTB Applying closure members to bottles. jars. orsimilar conlainers; Opening closed conlainers '" 347

B fiTC Filling with liquids or semiliquids. or emptying,ofbottles..jars. cans, casks, barrels, or similarconlainers., not otherwise provided for; Funnels " 348

B 67 0 Dispensing, delivering, or transferring liquids,not otherwise provided for .........•... 349

B 68 SADDLERY; UPHOrsrERY 351

B 68 B Harness; Devices used in connection therewith;Wbips or the like 351

B 68 C Saddles; Stirrups 351

B 68 F Malting articles from leather. canvas, or the like " 351

B 68 G Methods. equipment, or machines for use inupholstering; Upbolsrery notot!lerwise providedfor 352

WlPO/CEIPIJPYSB/98/13Annex; IT, page 7

(:,

B 65 H~

Methods, apparatus, or devices of general ioterest or nototherwise provided for in connectioo with lbe handling ofwebs, !apes. or filamentary materials (unwinding, paying-out.forwarding, or winding ropes or cables in load-moving apparatusB 61 B. B 65 G.B 66)

63/024

63/028

63/032

63/036

63/04

63/06

63/08

65100

67100

67102

67104

671044

671048

67/052

67/056

67/06

67/08

69/00

6910269/0469/06

69/08

71/00

73/00

responsive to breakage of materials [4]

characterised by the detecting or sensingelement [4]

• electrical or pneumalic [4]characterised by the combinalion of thedetecting or sensing elements with otherdevices. e.g, stopping devicesfor materialadvancing or winding mechanism [4]

responsive to excessive tensionor irregular operationof apparatusresponsive to presenceof irregularities in runningmaterial, e.g. for severing the material at irregularities

responsive 10 delivery of a measured length ofmaterial. completionof windingof a package. orfilling of a receptacle

Securing material to cores or formers (arrangementsfor securing ends of material to cores. formers, supportsor holders. e.g. reels, 75128) [3]

Replac:iug or removing cores, receptacles, orcompleted packages at paying.oul, wioding, ordepositing stations

Arrangements for removing spent cores orreceptacles and replacing by supply packages atpaying-out stations (supports for packages 49/04.49/20)Arrangements for removing completed take-uppackages and replacing by cores, formers. or emptyreceptacles at winding or depositing stations:Transferring material between adjacent full andempty take-up elements.

Continuous winding apparatus for winding on twoor more winding heads in succession [4]

having winding heads ananged on rotarycapstan head [4]having tWO or more winding heads arranged Iriparallel 10 each other [4]

having two or more winding heads arranged inseries with each other [4]

Supplying cores, receptacles, or packages to, ortransporting from. winding or depositing stations

Automatic end-finding and material-interconnectingarrangements (knot-tying devices 69100)

Methods oC, or devices Cor,interconnectingsoccessive lengths of material; Knot-tyiog devices

by means of adhesivesby knotting

by splicingby welding

Moistening, sizing, oiling, waxing, colouring, ordrying filamentary material as additional measuresduring package formation (applying liquids or otherfluent materials to surfaces in general B 05)

Stripping waste material from cores or formers, e.g.to permit their re-use

75/00

75/02

75/04

75/06

75/08

75110

75112

75114

75116

75118

75120

75/2275/24

75126

75/28

75130

75/32

75/34

Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. 00

reels (fishing reels A 01 K 89/00; storing means forrecord carriers, specially adapted for co-operation withthe recording or reproducing apparanrs G 11 B 23/02)

Cores. formers, supports, or holders for coiled.wound. or folded material. e.g. reels. spindles,bobbins. cop tubes, cans(packaging aspects B 65 D85/67)

Kinds or types (75118 takes precedence)

Flatcores, e.g. cards

·of circular or polygonal cross-section (cans orreceptacles 75/16)

withoul flanges, e.g. cop tubes

with a single end flange; formed wilh oneend of greater diameter than the barrelwith two end flanges

Cans or receptacles. e.g. sliver cansConstructional details

Skeleton construction, e.g. fanned of wirecollapsible; wilh removable partsadjustable in configuration, e.g. expansibleArrangements for preventing slipping ofwinding

Arrangements for securing ends of material [3]Arrangements to facilitate driving or brakingArrangements to facilitate severing of material

specially adapted ormou~for slOring andrepeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths ofmateriel provided for particular purposes, e.g.anchored hoses, power cables (retractors forstoring flexible hoses as accessories of dental'work stands A 61 G 15118; vehicle safety bellretractors B 60 R 22/34; hose-storing devices inapparatus or devices for transferring Iiquic!s frombulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehiclesor portable containers B 67 D 5/365; clothes-linesupports D 06 F 53/00; spring drums for liftableblinds with horizontal lamellae E 06 B 9/322;spring drums or tape dnJms for roll-type closuresor roller blinds E 06 B 9156; hauling- orheisting-chains with arrangements for holdingelectric cables. hoses or the like F 16 G 13/16;devices for guiding pipes, cables or protectivetubing, between relatively movable poiets, e.g.movable channels, F 16 L3101; flexible rulers ortapes wilh scales G 0 I B 3/10; electrical featuresof stored material. see the relevant subclasses. e.g.H 02 G) [2,5] -

[Annexill follows}

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Vi

WIPOfCEIPJ/PI/SBf98f13ANNEXm

OFFICIALCATCHWORD INDEX

-to the Sixth Edition (1994) of theInternational PatentClassification

• World Intellectual Property Organizatio~

WIPO/CEIPI/PIISB/98/13Annex Ill, page 2

ABACUSES ACCOUNI'(S)

A ABSORPl10N-in general BOlO 15/00 .

ABACUSES G06C 1/00 - of elec:tromagnelic waves HOIQ 17100. radiated from aerials

ABATIOIRS - of gases in discharge HOIJ

building aspects of - E04H 5/00blbes

- of soundwaves GIOK 11/00E04B refrigeration macbiacs oper- F2SBE04CE040 atingby-

E04F separating gases or vapours BOlO 53/14

E04G by-

equipment for - A~B ABUTMENTS.ABERRATION ..., foe bridges BOlD 19/02

com:cting - of=c1e HOIl 3/12 ACCELERATIONbeamsin dis ge tubes 29156control of- GOSO 13/00

ABIETIC ACID C07C 61129 electric switchesresponsive HOIH 35114

51100 10-inflnencing - of lifts B66B 1124

ABRADINGmeasnring- GOIP

- by grinding, polisbing or B24 ACCELERATORSblasting - foe electrically-eharged HOSH- of printing-surfaces B41N 3/00 partiClesdisintegrating material in B02C 19100general by- ACCESSdisintegrating wood by - B27L 11/00

finishing filaments, yarns, 002J 3/02 doors and gates eontrol- B66B 13/00threads, cords or ropes. ling - 10lift cages or 17136by- lift wells

shoe-fiuisbing macbines A43D 95/08 means for rcgisterin& how G07C 9/00for- often - is affor ed, e.g.

through turnsliles .ABRASION mountings for facilitating - HOSK-

invesligating - GOIN 3/5610electric apparatus

ACCIDENTS .. ABRASIVE(S)

preventing - in macltinery FI6P- bodies; - sheets B240 preventing - in road traffic B60- materials . C09K 3/14 GOSG- fillers for macromolecu- C08K preventing - on railways B61L

Iar composilioDS rail vehicle features con- B610 15106- parlicles . C09C 1/68 ~with prevent- B61F 19/00polisbing compositions. C09G 1/02 mg-

with- road vehicle features con- B620 41100chemical paint or ink C090 9/02 ~ with prevent-

removers with -~-prodocing - plastic articles COSJ 5/14 vcbi e features concerned . B60J 9/02

selection of - particles for B24C 11/00 withpreventing - B60Q 7/00blasting B60R 19/00

soaps and detergents COD- CliO 3/14 2t/OOtaining- 9120

ACCOUNI'(S)ABSORBENTS - hooks, forms oe mes . B420-in general BOU B42F- for body fluids A61F 13/00 electric digital computers G06F 17/00

foraccounting 19/00

[End ofAnnex ill and ofdocument]

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