origins (17 th century): england “low countries”
TRANSCRIPT
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Innovation
Origins (17th century):England“Low
Countries”
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All SETThe keys to Understanding the Agricultural Revolution:
Science
Entrepreneurship
TechnologyPhoto Credit: Nineminutes
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Agricultural
InnovationThe Farmer
as
Scientist
Photo Credit: Sean Church
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Wheat
Oats
Fallow
Three-Field Crop Rotation
(Middle Ages)
3Whea
tOats
Fallow
Wheat
Oats
Fallow
1
2
3OUT
with the old.
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Wheat
Oats
Photo Credit: Dan Klimke
Clover
Turnips
Wheat
Oats
Photo Credit: Dan Klimke
Clover
Turnips
Wheat
Oats
Photo Credit: Dan Klimke
Clover
Turnips
Four-Field Crop Rotation
(Seventeenth Century)
1 2 3 4
Wheat
Oats
Photo Credit: Dan Klimke
Clover
Turnips
4INwith the
new!
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By theakshay
More Fields
More Food
=The four-field system produced a higher crop yield because none of the land had to lie fallow.
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There’s GOT to be a better way...
Photo Credit: Julian Stallabrass
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Selective
Breeding
The application of scientific principles
to agriculture
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Science
Woo
Hoo!!!
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Belgian Blue
I have a genetic defect that’s been perpetuated by selective breeding. THANKS, SCIENCE!
Photo by Barbarossa
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Much
BetterPhoto Credit: Sean
Church
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Photo Credit: Sean Church
The Farmer as
Entrepreneur
Agricultural
Innovation
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Traditional AgricultureBruegel, The Harvesters
(1565)
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It’s Break Time!
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The Commo
n PastureThe Old Way
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Photo Credit: Craig Maccubbin
Enclosure
MovementThe New Way
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Enclosure Movement
Photo Credit: http://www.dennisflood.com/photos/2003/1000/foggy_wooden_fence.jpg
THE DOWNSIDE:
Hurt poor farmers who lost grazing rights for their cattle on the common land
THE UPSIDE:
Agricultural production, as a whole, became more market-oriented and efficient.
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English Poor Laws
Workhouses, such as this one, provided shelter and employment for the able-bodied poor.
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By theakshay
=Large landowners were able to make use of the latest developments in science and technology, producing higher crop yields.
Bigger Farms
More Food
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Photo Credit: Sean Church
The Farmer as
Inventor
Agricultural
Innovation
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Hello, Innovation
!It’s been awhile...
Photo Credit: Galdo Trouchky
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The Sower
By mira66
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Photo Credit: Science Museum/Science & Society Picture Library (UK)
Jethro Tull
(1674-1740)
Jethro Tull’s
Seed Drill
Tull’s horse-drawn seed drill made sowing seed more efficient and precise.
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Agricultural Inventions
Jefferson’s Moldboard Plow
In the United States
16
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16
A mathematics text from Washington’s
library
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Threshing WheatBefore the Scientific Revolution
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Portable Threshin
g Machine
A lot less complicated than a sixteen-sided barn, but not nearly as cool!
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By theakshay
Better Tools
More Food
=Technological inventions like Tull’s seed drill resulted in more efficient agricultural practices, producing higher crop yields.
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Source: https://www.agronomy.org/publications/cs/articles/47/4/1327
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18th Century
POPULATION
EXPLOSION
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All SETDue to advances in
Science,
Entrepreneurship, &
Technology,
Europe was all SET to feed a larger population to provide the manpower for the Industrial Revolution.
Photo Credit: Nineminutes