origins of english industrial architecture

8/2/2019 Origins of English Industrial Architecture

1/18

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HCF]WV^HLA L^GDLM@A@JX ^MYHMZ! TTYH5 ??6

K`clwvm~hmw ì Klc}ilgv}~m5 \}mwvh`chcj vdm

@~hjhcw ì Mcjahwd Hcf}wv~hla L~gdhvmgv}~m

_L]A NMAI@^F

Wv}fhmw ì hcf}wv~hla whvmw dlym vmcfmf v` i`g}w `c p}~max i}cgvh`cla }cfm~wvlcfhcjw ì vdmh~ `~hjhcw!

alx }v! fmwhjc lcf kmlchcj# Hcf}wv~hla n}hafhcjw dlym ìvmc nmmc wmmc lw lc mcvhvx lpl~v i~`k `vdm~

i`~kw ì p`wv+kmfhmyla l~gdhvmgv}~la mtp~mwwh`c# Vdhw hw wxkpv`klvhg ì vdm hwàlvh`c ì hcf}wv~hla

l~gdlmà jx! c v `cax i~ k vdm n~`lfm~ wpmgv~}k ì l~gdlmà jhgla vd`}jdv n}v law` i~`k `vdm~

fhwghpahcmw zdhgd wv~hym v`zl~fw l fmmpm~ }cfm~wvlcfhcj ì vdm fmyma`pkmcv ì g`cw}km~ w`ghmvx#

Vdhw plpm~ mtpa`~mw vdm ~hjhc ì vdm vxphgla hcf}wv~hla g`kpamt! l~j}hcj vdlv mamkmcvw ì kmfhmyla

g`jchvh`c zm~m ~mvlhcmf hcv vdm

Xmv k}gd k ~m z ~b dlw nmmc f`cm `c vdm

khc}vhlm ì vdhcjw! wpmghihglaax n}hafhcjw!

vdlc `c vdm n~`lfm~ w`ghla alcfwglpmw zhvdhc

zdhgd vdmwm vdhcjw fmyma`pmf# K ~m`ym~!

hcf}wv~hla w`ghmvx hw ìvmc pm~gmhymf lw l fhw+

vhcgv mcvhvx i~ k ml~ahm~ w`ghmvhmw lw l ~mw}av

ì vdm w`+glaamf *hcf}wv~hla ~myà}vh`c*# D`z+

mym~! hv hw myhfmcv vdlv hcf}wv~hlahwlvh`c `cax

`gg}~~mf lw l ~mwp`cwm v` vdm j~lf}la mkm~+

jmcgm ì g`cw}km~hwk hc ml~ahm~ pm~h fw#

^`jm~ Ammgd dlw w}jjmwvmf vdlv hc a``bhcj

lv g`cw}km~hwk zm k}wv a``b nlgb zmaa hcv`

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2/18

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69 NMAI@ F5 K@CLWVM^HMW @I KLC]ILGV] M

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gmwwmw lcf ahymw j`hcj `c hcwhfm# Lw Nm~cl~f`Wmggdh dlw ~mkl~bmf! *vdm ilgv ~x zlw lghvlfma! lc mcga`w}~m p~`yhfmf zhvd lc hccm~g`}~vxl~f lcf p~`vmgvmf nx dhjd zlaaw zd`wmjlvmw lgvmf lw f``~w ### Rvdmx zm~m[ ### ~mlap~`f}gvh`c i`~v~mwwmw* #


3/18

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hkljm~x dlf la~mlfx nmmc lpp~`p~hlvmf nxvd wm hcwvhv}vh cw zdhgd zm~m fh~mgv fmwgmc+flcvw ì vdm k`clwvhg v~lfhvh`c! hcwvhv}vh cwhcfmmf zdhgd dlf la~mlfx nmmc mwvlnahwdmf lwìiwd``vw ì k`clwvhghwk n}v zdhgd w}~yhymfvdm w}nwm|}mcv fhwwà}vh`c#

G~`tfmc Lnnmx

< Gd}~gd> Gdlpvm~ D`}wm7 Fl~vm~6 Zl~khcj D`}wm= Bhvgdmc9 I~lvm~: Zmwv ^lcjm4 Lnn`v*w A@fjhcj

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~lvm plwwljmw i`~ ymdhg}al~ lcf pmfmwv~hlcv~liihg#>6 V` mkpdlwhwm vdm ~mj}alv ~x i}cg+vh`c! vdm jlvmzlx g`}af law nm mknmaahwdmfzhvd khahvl~x imlv}~mw w}gd lw a``pdàmw lcfp`~vg}aahw# Vdm wmg`cf ~ am zlw wxknàhg!vdm lhk nmhcj v` *hkp~mww `c laa yhwhv ~w lcfv~lymaam~w lc lzl~mcmww ì vdm p`zm~ lcfl}vd ~hvx ì vdm k`clwvm~x*#>= V` vdhw mcf! vdmjlvmzlx zlw p`whvh`cmf lv vdm k`wv p~`kh+cmcv a`glvh`c! hv zlw n}hav p~èmgvhcj i~`k vdm

w}~~`}cfhcj n}hafhcjw n`vd d`~hu`cvlaax lcfym~vhglaax! lcf zlw lf`~cmf zhvd wg}apv}~mwlcf g`lvw ì l~kw mkpdlwhwhcj vdm zmlavdlcf yh~v}m ì vdm k`clwvm~x lcf hvw nmcm+ilgv`~w# @vdm~ ~àmw hcga}fmf vdm p~`yhwh`cì lgg`kk`flvh c! }w}laax i`~ vdm p`~vm~ `~jlvmbmmpm~# Vd}w mkm~jmf vdm k clwvhgjlvm+v`zm~ $Ihj}~m >(#


4/18

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lcf jlvm+v zm~ `c

Dhjd Wv~mmv! ( lcf hvw

hcf}wv~hla fmwgmcflcv

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5/18

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Ilkhahl~ g`}~vxl~fw5 f`kmwvhg+hcf}wv~hla

}~nlc wplgmw

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lcf vdm g`}~vxl~f zlw l g`kk`c imlv}~m ìn}hafhcj g`kpamtmw hc alvm~ kmfhmyla v`zcwlcf ghvhmw# @cm ì vdm k`wv ilkhahl~ vxpmw zlwvdm hcc! l i`~k zdhgd w}~yhymf zmaa hcv` vdmp`wv+kmfhmyla pm~h`f lcf zlw hvwmai lflpvmf

hcv` `vdm~ i}cgvh cw! w}gd lw vdm vdmlv~m# Hcvdm f`kmwvhg l~mcl! g`}~vxl~fw zm~m lf`pvmflv laa p hcvw `c vdm w`ghla wglam# Lavd`}jdvxphglaax lww ghlvmf zhvd nlgb+v +nlgbw! vdmg`cgmpv ì vdm g`}~v + lw l wplgm nmdhcf `~l~ }cf vdm klhc ~`z `~ na gb ì d`}wmw!

zhvdhc zdhgd w}cf~x `}vn}hafhcjw g`}af nma`glvmf + zlw law` lppahmf v` vd~ }jd+d`}wmvxpmw hc l yl~hmvx ì a`glvh`cw# 77Nh~khcjdlk!

i ~ mtlkpam! dlf l a`cj+mwvlnahwdmf lcfk}avh+ilgmvmf v~lfhvh`c ì vdm }wm ì *g`}~vw*hc laa vxpmw ì z`~bhcj+galww d`}whcj# Hv zlw

|}hvm p`wwhnam i ~ Nh~khcjdlk pm`pam v`k`ym nmvzmmc d`}wmw! `~ hcfmmf j~`}pw ìd`}wmw! zhvd`}v ~mim~mcgm v` vdm wv~mmv#76Vdhwmclnamf w}gd k`ymkmcv v` `gg}~ lzlx i~`k`nwm~ylvh`c nx vdm l}vd`~hvhmw#

Hc vdhw g`cvmtv vdm fmimcwhym |}lahvhmw ì vdmg`}~vxl~f! lcf vdm ~mj}alv ~x ~ am ì vdmplwwljmzlx! l~m bmx mamkmcvw# Vdm g`}~vxl~f

zlw hvwmai l wmkh+p~hylvm wplgm! hc zdhgdp~hylvm $f`kmwvhg( lgvhyhvhmw w}gd lw j`hcj v`vdm v`hamv lcf f`hcj al}cf~x g`}af nm }cfm~+vlbmc la`cjwhfm k`~m p}nahg lgvhyhvhmw w}gd lwgdhaf~mc*w palx lcf cmhjdn`}~ax fhwg}wwh`c#Vdm fmimcwhym |}lahvhmw ì vdm g`}~vxl~f zm~mmwwmcvhla2 vdm xl~f zlw `ym~a``bmf nx laa ì hvw~mwhfmcvw! w` lcx hcv~}fm~ g`}af nm fmvmgvmf lv`cgm lcf v~mlvmf lpp~ p~hlvmax#7= Hv hw pm~dlpwc` w}~p~hwm vdlv g`}~vxl~f d`}whcj zlw ìvmc`gg}phmf nx hkkhj~lcv g`kk}chvhmw# Vdmw}nwvlcvhla ?vd gmcv}~x lc `pmc nlgb xl~f g`k+k`c v` j~`}pw ì d`}whcj zlw lggmwwmf yhl lplwwljmzlx i~`k vdm wv~mmv#7:

Vdm~m hw l a`cj v~lfhvh c ì f`kmwvhgg`}~vxl~fw lww`ghlvmf zhvd hcf}wv~hla lgvhyhvx#

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]chym~whvx Gàamjm!

@ti ~f# L yhmz

vd~`}jd vdm mcv~lcgm

v` vdm acxwvm~hmw ì vdm

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@ti ~f# Hcvm~h ~ yhmz

ì vdm *àf |}lf*! zhvd

vdm jlvm+v zm~ ì ?

amlfhcj v`/i~`k vdm

wv~mmv# Vdhw hw vdm nmwv


6/18

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=? NMAI@ F5 K@CLWVM HMW @I KLC]ILGV] M

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Nh~khcjdlk# Fmvlha

i~`k vdm @~fclcgm

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7/18

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ì vdm Zhvd klcx ì vdm wlkmk vhymw + aln`}~ lw ghyhahwhcj hcia}mcgm!p~ ihv! miihghmcgx! w`ghla `~fm~ + vdm alvm~ }wm

ì vdmwm l~gdhvmgv}~la i`~kw nx hcf}wv~hlahwvwwmmkw l ym~x clv}~la p~`j~mwwh`c#

W`km ì vdm ml~ahmwv lppahglvh`cw ì vdmfmimcwhym g`}~vxl~f v` hcf}wv~hla n}hafhcjwlppml~! lpp~ p~hlvmax mc`}jd! hc wvlvm+`zcmfkhahvl~x+hcf}wv~hla g`kpamtmw# @cm ì vdmml~ahmwv wv~}gv}~mw lv vdm ^`xla L~wmcla hcZ` azhgd! i`~ mtlkpam! zlw vdm J~mlv _ham$


8/18

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=> NMAI@ F5 K@CLWVM^HMW @I KLC]ILGV] M

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W`d` Klc}ilgv`~x!

Nh~khcjdlk# _alc ì

vdm klhc z`~bw

g`kpamt lw hv z`}af

dlym lppml~mf lv vdm

v}~c ì vdm C v `cax hw vdhwwv~`cjax ~mkhchwgmcv ì Zmfjz` f*w `~hjhclapalcw i`~ Mv~}~hl! n}v vdm g~}ghi ~k wv~}gv}~mlaw` p~`yhfmw lc mggamwhlwvhgla mgd`2 l g~`ww hcl w|}l~m lw kmvlpd`~ i`~ vdm mcga wmf wplgm

ì k`clwvhg ahim# L jmcm~lvh`c alvm~! vdm |}lf+~lcjam zlw ljlhc vdm gmcv~la palcb ì EmlcChgàlw A`}hw F}~lcf*w lnwv~lgv klvdmkl+vhgla j~hf2 g`}~vxl~fw imlv}~m p~`khcmcvaxlk`cj dhw fmwhjcw#97

Vdm hfml ì vdm k}avh+|}lf~lcj}al~ xl~fwplgm pdxwhglaax lf`pvmf lv W`d` lcf Mv~}~hl!lcf yh~v}laax g`cgmhymf nx Amf`}t! zlwzhfmax lf`pvmf hc vdm


9/18

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HCF]WV^HLA L^GDLM@A@JX ^MYHMZ! TTYH5 ??6 =7

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vdm @~fclcgm W}~ymx

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10/18

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11/18

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HCF]WV^HLA L^GDLM@A@JX ^MYHMZ! TTYH5 ??6 ==

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12/18

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=9 NMAI@ F5 K@CLWVM HMW @I KLC]ILGV] M

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13/18

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alcfwglpm# Wv}fx `i `ym~


14/18

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15/18

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HCF]WV HLA L^GDLM@A@JX ^MYHMZ! TTYH5 ??6 =8

zdlv _hm~~m N`~fhm} vm~kw *dlnhv}w*# 48 Vdmxl~f+nlwmf palc zlw law` l ~lvh`cla wv~}gv}~m

hc vdm g`cvmtv ì vdm w`ghla z ~af ì vdmk`clwvm~x# _`wv+kmfhmyla `~ mcahjdvmckmcv

~lvh clahwk zlw myhfmcvax c`v lv `ffw zhvdvdhw# Lw p~`vmwvlcv hfmà jx nmglkm vdm f`kh+clcv mvd`w hc p`wv+kmfhmyla w`ghmvx nx f~lz+hcj `c lwpmgvw ì k`clwvhghwk! w` hcf}wv~hlaw`ghmvx mtp~mwwmf vdhw mamkmcv ì hvw wv~}gv}~mhc |}lwh+k`clwvhg l~gdhvmgv}~la i`~kw# ^lvh`+cla p~`f}gvhyhvx zlw $lcf ~mklhcw( pl~v ì vdmj`f+iml~hcj p~`vmwvlcv mvd`w#8?

Vdhw ~lhwmw l c}knm~ ì hcvm~mwvhcj

|}mwvh`cw zdhgd l~gdlmà`jhwvw wv}fxhcj vdmhcf}wv~hla pm~h`f wd`}af lvvmkpv v` lcwzm~#L~m w}gd l~gdhvmgv}~la i`~kw hcvmcfmf v`wmcf kmwwljmw2 kmwwljmw v` z`~bm~w ln`}vvdm z`~vdhcmww $lcf j`fahcmww0( ì aln`}~! `~

ln`}v vdm yla}m ì lc lnwvmkh`}w ahimwvxam2kmwwljmw v` p`vmcvhla g}wv`km~w ln`}v vdmhcvmj~hvx lcf wàhfhvx ì vdm n}whcmww0 Hw vdmga lbhcj ì k`fm~c hcf}wv~hla p~mkhwmw hcvdm jl~n ì kmfhmylahwk hcvmcfmf v` laamyhlvmzdlv Khgdlma Zlvvw dlw glaamf *vdm wd`gb ìk`fm~chvx*08< V` zdlv mtvmcv l~m ~mim~mcgmw

law` nmhcj klfm v` vdm hcvm~ymchcj i`~kw$vdm lakwd`}wm `~ vdm gàamjm(! lw kmlcw ìmtp~mwwhcj gdl~hvx! l fmwh~m i`~ mf}glvh`c `~vdm cmmf v` ~mvlhc kxwvm~hmw0 Hc lvvmkpvhcj

v` fmla zhvd hww}mw w}gd lw vdmwm! hcf}wv~hlal~gdlmà jhwvw cmmf law` v` nml~ hc khcf

vdm g`cgmpvw ì *z`~af+lw+ahymf* lcf *z ~af+lw+vd`}jdv* l~vhg}alvmf nx Lccm Xmcvwgd2vdmwm palc+i`~kw *hcg`~p`~lvm n`vd ~mla wplgmlcf hkljhcl~x wplgm mtp~mwwhcj w`ghla`~fm~*#8> Vdm~m hw law` vdm fhla`j}m nmvzmmc`zcm~ lcf `gg}phm~w ì vdmwm wplgmw! zdhgd ìvdm hcvmcfmf kmwwljmw l~m lgv}laax ~mgmhymf+lcf nx zd`k0

L~gdlmà`jhwvw ì vdm hcf}wv~hla pm~h`f! lwl g`kk}chvx zhvdhc vdm n~`lfm~ gd}~gd ìdhwv`~hgla l~gdlmà`jx! dlym l wpmghla f}vxv` mcjljm zhvd laa vdm kmlchcjw ì hcf}wv~hlal~gdhvmgv}~m# I`~ vdm fmyma`pkmcv ì hcf}w+

v~hlahwlvh`c zlw vdm g~}ghla p~`gmww hc vdmfmyma`pkmcv ì ja nla g`cw}km~hwk! lcfhcf}wv~hlahwlvh`c glcc`v nm i}aax }cfm~wv `fzhvd`}v mtlkhchcj vdm k}avhpam khcf+wmvw ìvdm g`cw}km~ w`ghmvx zdhgd jlym ~hwm v` hv#Klcx xml~w lj` Am`cm lcf _9vvm~ c vmfvdlv `}~ `zc w`ghla g`cvmtv hw vdlv ì *lfylc+gmf hcf}wv~hla glphvlahwk*! zm glc mhvdm~ v~xv` }cfm~wvlcf `}~ g`cvmtv}la fmyma`pkmcv`~ *nm p~hw`cm~w ì hv*# 87 _}~max i}cgvh clahcvm~p~mvlvh cw ì n}hafhcjw! palgmw! alcf+wglpmw lcf l~vmilgvw glc c` a`cjm~ nm ylahf2vdm~m hw c` k`~m ~``k i`~ zdlv Nl~nl~l Ahvvam

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16/18

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17/18

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18/18

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8< Zlvvw! K#! *Vdm Wd`gb ì K`fm~chvx5 _mv~àm}k!

_~ vmwv lcf Ilwv Glphvlahwk hc lc Hcf}wv~hlahwhcj

W`ghmvx*! hc _~mf! L# lcf K# Zlvvw $mfw(! ^mz`~bhcjK`fm~chvx5 Glphvlahwkw lcf Wxknàhg Fhwg`cvmcv

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8> Xmcvwgd! L#M#! *Amjmcfw! d`}wmw! ilkhahmw lcf

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origins of english industrial architecture

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