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    O R N A M E N T A N D I N S C R I P T I O N I N

    L A S I N O G O G A D E L T R N S I T O

    T O L E D O, S P A I N

    BY

    DAMON JOSEPH MONTCLARE

    There is a primordial snake above,

    and as long as it is not spiced with the wine of joy

    it is a snake in the way.1

    Rabbi Hiyya, Zohar 1, 2!b

    1Th" #$%a&" i% 'h" (ay) i$ a $%a&" o* #'h" o'h"r $i+",) or o*sihra ahra -ro., The Wisdom of the Zohar: n nthology of Te!ts/o0."$ 1! Arra%3"+ i%'o H"br"( by -i$4h"0 La4ho("r a%+ I$aiah Ti$hby I%'ro+4'io% by I$aiah Ti$hby E%30i$h 'ra%$0a'io% byDa5i+ Go0+$'"i% Lo%+o%6 7ahi%3'o%8 Th" Li''.a% Library o* J"(i$h Ci5i0i9a'io%, 1::6 /o0 2, ; ::

    1

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    "n the beginning #bereshit$

    %ook at its letters and yo& will see

    song of desire #shir ta'ev$.2

    Zohar Ha+a$h, B"r"$hi',

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    from l1ndal&s: The rt of "slamic pain. 4dited by 2errilyn . odds, Dew >ork the +etropolitan +&se&m of rt, EBB?, p. ??.

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    from l1ndal&s: The rt of "slamic pain. 4dited by 2errilyn . odds, Dew >ork the +etropolitan +&se&m of rt, EBB?, p. GGQ.