Dr Mohammad Khursheed Alam

Senior Lecturer

Orthodontic Unit

School of Dental Science

Universiti Sains Malaysia

Orthodontics

Reason For Beautiful Smile

2

First Published November 2011

copy Dr Mohammad Khursheed Alam

copy All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system

or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or

otherwise without prior permission of authors or publisher

ISBN 978-967-5547-53-9

Correspondance

Dr Mohammad Khursheed Alam

Senior Lecturer

Orthodontic Unit

School of Dental Science

Health Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia

Email

dralamgmailcom

dralamkkusmmy

Published by

KKMED Publication

Jabatan Pendidikan Perubatan Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan

Universiti Sains Malaysia

Kubang Kerian 16150 Kota Bharu Kelatan

Published in Malaysia

2

First Published November 2011

copy Dr Mohammad Khursheed Alam

copy All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system

or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or

otherwise without prior permission of authors or publisher

ISBN 978-967-5547-53-9

Correspondance

Dr Mohammad Khursheed Alam

Senior Lecturer

Orthodontic Unit

School of Dental Science

Health Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia

Email

dralamgmailcom

dralamkkusmmy

Published by

KKMED Publication

Jabatan Pendidikan Perubatan Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan

Universiti Sains Malaysia

Kubang Kerian 16150 Kota Bharu Kelatan

Published in Malaysia

3

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1| Prof Iida Junichiro Chairman Orthodontics Department

Hokkaido University Japan

2| Asst Professor Kajii S Takashi Orthodontics

Department Hokkaido University Japan

3| Prof Amirul Islam Principal Bangladesh Dental College

4| Asso Prof Lamiya Chowdhury Ex Head Orthodontics

Department Sapporo Dental College

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11

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13

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3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

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16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

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60

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61

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1| Prof Iida Junichiro Chairman Orthodontics Department

Hokkaido University Japan

2| Asst Professor Kajii S Takashi Orthodontics

Department Hokkaido University Japan

3| Prof Amirul Islam Principal Bangladesh Dental College

4| Asso Prof Lamiya Chowdhury Ex Head Orthodontics

Department Sapporo Dental College

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Emadul Haq (EX Principal Dhaka Dental College City

Dental College) mumlviDaggerK hvi Orthodontics eB cDaggero Avwg daggermB QvIcirc

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7

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8

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12 evBgumlvmiddot

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9

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10

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wSwjDaggerK Avcbvi Pvicvk nDaggerq DVDaggere AvDaggerjvwKZ|

11

cOumlwZw`b Avwereglsaquovi nDagger‛Q bZzb bZzb wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov Ges

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ADagger_copyvWbwUKm = ADagger_copyvm + daggerWvbm = mwVK + `uvZ

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12

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13

`vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi Ges KvDaggerRi DbœwZi Rbuml

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cOumlmacrlsquoZ Kiv nq|

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nq bv|

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14

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv Ni hvi me wKQzB cwicvwU| wbfcopyvebvq Avcbvi emevm| hw`

Gi me wKQzB ADaggerMvQvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZvnDaggerj wK fDaggerjv jvMDaggere jvMDaggere bv| wVK daggerZgwbB AvgvDagger`i

DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUDaggerZ daggergvU 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ _vDaggerK GB 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ Gi macr^vfvweK

Aemacrrsquovb G _vKDaggerj Avcbvi `uvZ dagger`LvDaggere myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv NDaggerii gDaggerZv| hLb `uvZ Zvi mwVK

AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vDaggerK bv ZLb GUv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri GeDaggerov dagger_eDaggerov GDaggerjvDaggergDaggerjv DPz-bxPz AemacrrsquovDaggerb| ZLb

Avcbvi `uvZ Avi mvRvDaggerbv myrsaquo`i AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB daggerbB eDaggerjB dagger`LDaggerZ GiKg| hw` KvDaggeriv `uvZ

Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB hv dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMDaggerQ ZvnDaggerj GKRb AfxAacute ADagger_vcopyWbwUdivide nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

daggerKv_vq| hvi dDaggerj Avgiv wbDaggerRivB eyDaggerS wbDaggerZ cviDaggerev AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ

wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

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16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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27

mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

40

daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

42

DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

-0-

58

DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

6

cig KisbquoYvgq Avjshyvni bvDaggerg Avicurrencent KiwQ-

KhellipZAacuteZv cOumlKvk

KhellipZAacuteZv RvbvDaggerZ PvB Avgvi kordfDaggertimesq wkparaKDagger`i hviv AvgvDaggerK GB Ae rsquovDaggerb Avmvi

Rbuml memgq mvnvhuml mnDaggerhvwMZv I AbyDaggercOumliYv hywMDaggerqDaggerQb-

1| Prof Iida Junichiro Chairman Orthodontics Department

Hokkaido University Japan

2| Asst Professor Kajii S Takashi Orthodontics

Department Hokkaido University Japan

3| Prof Amirul Islam Principal Bangladesh Dental College

4| Asso Prof Lamiya Chowdhury Ex Head Orthodontics

Department Sapporo Dental College

AvDaggeriv KhellipZAacuteZv cOumlKvk KiDaggerZ PvB Avgvi kordfDaggertimesq wkparaK Prof

Emadul Haq (EX Principal Dhaka Dental College City

Dental College) mumlviDaggerK hvi Orthodontics eB cDaggero Avwg daggermB QvIcirc

eqm dagger_DaggerK eB daggerjLvi cOumlwZ AbycOumlvwbZ nDaggerqwQjvg|

mecopyDaggerkDaggerl ADaggerkl abumlev` RvbvDaggerZ PvB ZvDaggerK Ges ZvDagger`iDaggerK daggerh Ges hviv

GB eB daggerjLvi mvDagger_ IZDaggercOumlvZ fvDaggere RwoZ|

7

ADagger_copyvWwrsaquoUK wKnotwbK Rvcvb t

AvuKv evuKv `vuDaggerZi wbLyuZ wPwKrmviZ Wvt mvMi

Wvt mvMi

RvcvDaggerb ADagger_copyvWwrsaquoUK BgcshyumlvrsaquoU emvDaggerbvi mgq AcvDaggerikb w_DaggerqUvDaggeri

8

myPxcIcirc

myPxcIcirc

1 f~wgKv

2 myrsaquo`i nvwm AvgvDagger`i mevi Kvguml

3 ADagger_copyvWbwUKm AZxe Risbquoix I cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy

4 `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb

5 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wKQy mgmumlv `vuZ I gyDaggerLi wKQy mgmumlv

6 `vuZ AvuKv evuuKv nevi KviY mg~n

7 dvuKv `vuZ Spacing

8 microvDwWs Crowding

9 IDaggercb evBU Open bite

10 Knotvk 2 gumlvjKzDaggerjkb Class II maloclusion

11 Knotvk w_ordf gumlvjKzDaggerjkb Class III maloclusion

12 evBgumlvmiddot

13 daggerMuR `vuZ

14 daggerKnotdUamp wjc GUcirc cumlvDaggerjU Cleft lip amp palate

15 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm

16 ADagger_vcopyWbwUK wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgq daggerivMxi KiYxq

17 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerparaDaggerIcirc `vuZ daggerZvjvi cOumlDaggerqvRbxqZv

18 wKQy Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml parawZKi

19 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cOumlDaggerqvRbxqZv

20 daggereordfm - Avcbvi Rbuml wK Risbquoix

9

f~wgKv

gvbyl daggerKŠZznj wcOumlq| ARvbv daggerKvb welq wbDaggerq Rvbvi AvMOumln

gvbyDaggerli cOumlej| hyDaggerMi mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq Zviv daggerek mDaggerPZbI| wPwKrmv

weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ w`K mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy RvbDaggerZ Zviv LyeB AvMOumlnx| mvaviY

gvbyDaggerli Gme AvMOumlDaggerni K_v gv_vq daggeriDaggerLB G eBwU daggerjLvi eumlvcvDaggeri

Avwg AbycOumlvwYZ nDaggerqwQ| G eBwU coDaggerj daggerh daggerKvb gvbyl `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi

GKwU AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_copyvWbwUKm mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wKQyUv nDaggerjI

aviYv jvf KiDaggere| Avkv Kwi eBwU wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi QvIcirc-QvIcircxDagger`iI

KvDaggerR AvmDaggere|

eBwU mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy daggerh daggerKvb g~jumlevb gZvgZ mywPwšmdashZ civgkcopy mv`Daggeri

MOumlnY Kiv nDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejDaggerZ PvB mvgvbuml GB cwimDaggeri ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi gZ

wekvj GKwU welqDaggerK mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc ZzDaggerj aiv mcurrencente bq| Avgvi GB paraz ordf

cOumlqvm AvcbvDagger`i mvgvbumlZg DcKvDaggeri GDaggerjI Avgvi cwikordfg mv_copyK

nDaggerqDaggerQ eDaggerj gDaggerb KiDaggerev| mevBDaggerK abumlev`|

10

gvbyl daggermŠrsaquo`Daggerhcopy c~Rvix daggermRbumlB myrsaquo`i gyDaggerLi Rq mecopyIcirc|

gvbyDaggerli daggermŠrsaquo`Daggerhcopyi AbumlZg AjsKvi nDaggerjv myrsaquo`i nvwm| ZvB

GB myrsaquo`i nvwm Kvi bv Kvguml| Avi GB myrsaquo`i nvwmi Rbuml

PvB mymacrrsquo-myrsaquo`i `vuZ| `vuZDaggerK mymacrrsquo ivLvi Rbuml PvB mwVK

cwiPhcopyv| Avi myrsaquo`i nvwm ADaggerbKvsDaggerk wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi

mwVK webumlvDaggermi Dci| wewfbœ gvbyDaggerli AvuKv evuKv DPz-bxPz

dvuKv `vuZ Avgiv ADaggerbK mgqB daggerLqvj KDaggeri _vwK| `vuDaggerZi Gme

mgmumlv myrsaquo`i nvwmi daggerparaDaggerIcirc cOumlavb Ašmdashivq| G QvovI dagger`Lv dagger`q `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivM

DaggerivMxi K_v ejDaggerZ ev Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri ADaggerbDaggerKB DuPz `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY `yB daggerVvuU eUuml

KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri bv dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ LyeB Amyrsaquo`i jvDaggerM| daggerivMx cvwievwiK mvgvwRK I gvbwmKfvDaggere

wewfbœ mgmumlvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggergDaggerqDagger`i weDaggerqi daggerparaDaggerIcircI evav nDaggerq `vuovq G aiDaggerYi

Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ| wKšlsquo `vuDaggerZi Gme mgmumlv daggerKb nq Gi daggerKvb

mwVK wPwKrmv AvDaggerQ wKbv Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB

ARvbv|

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi DEumlDaggerivEumli AMOumlMwZi

dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi G aiDaggerYi mgmumlv `~i Kiv Avi daggerKvb eumlvcviB

bv| whwb AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbuPz dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv

wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK KDaggerib ZvDaggerK ejv nq Orthodontist AvcbvDagger`i myweavDagger_copy Avwg `vuDaggerZi

G aiDaggerYi wKQy mgmumlv KviY cOumlwZKvi I wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wbDaggerq mswparaszligfvDaggere AvDaggerjvPbv Kie hv

cDaggero Avcwb Lye mnDaggerRB eySDaggerZ cviDaggereb Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ daggerKvb mgmumlv AvDaggerQ wKbv hvi Rbuml

Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv DwPZ| KvDaggerRB ejv hvq Avcwb ev Avcbvi daggerKvb

cwiwPZRb Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyMDaggerj Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ daggerhvMvDaggerhvM KDaggeri

Zvi civgcopyk Abyhvqx wPwKrmv wbDaggerq nDaggerZ cvDaggerib gysup3 Siv nvwmi AwaKvix| Avi daggermB nvwmi

wSwjDaggerK Avcbvi Pvicvk nDaggerq DVDaggere AvDaggerjvwKZ|

11

cOumlwZw`b Avwereglsaquovi nDagger‛Q bZzb bZzb wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov Ges

ZviB mvDagger_ dagger`Lv w`Dagger‛Q bZzb bZzb daggerivM I mgmumlv| wPwKrmv

weAacutevDaggerbi cwiwa Acwimxg| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ welDaggerqi

gDaggerauml ADagger_copyvWbwUKm GKwU AZxe Risbquoix Ges MisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy

welq| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ kvLv daggerhgb `vuZ gvwo Ges

gyLMnŸDaggerii kjuml wPwKrmv KhellipwIcircg `vuZ jvMvDaggerbv isbquoU Kumlvbvj wPwKrmv

BZumlvw` welq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy gvbyDaggerli KgDaggerewk aviYv AvDaggerQ| wKšlsquo ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewU DtradecentvweZ nDaggerqDaggerQ `yOtildewU wMOumlK katilde dagger_DaggerK|

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm = ADagger_copyvm + daggerWvbm = mwVK + `uvZ

ZvnDaggerj ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewUi cOumlKhellipZ evsjv cOumlwZkatilde nDagger‛Q Ocirc`vuZ wVK KivOtilde

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi Ggb GKwU kvLv hv MDaggerelY KDaggeri mvaviY bull`wnK MVb g~jZ

g~DaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji Ges `vuDaggerZi MVb wbDaggerq Ges GwU AvDaggeriv MDaggerelYv KDaggeri gyDaggerLi mvaviY MVb Kx Kx

KviDaggerY eumlvnZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges Gi cOumlwZDaggeriva Ges wPwKrmvi Dcvq wbDaggerq hv wbw`copyoacute Rxewe`umlvi

gDaggerauml mxwgZ|

wewfbœ MDaggerelK OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmDaggerK AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wewfbœ fvDaggere| Ocirc`umlv weordfwUk daggermvmvBwU

di w` dividevwW Ae ADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wbDaggeraeligvsup3fvDaggere

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde -G gyL I daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimes I mcurrencOumlmviY mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy weDaggerePbv I weDaggerkshylY Kiv

nq hv Oslashviv DcDaggerii I wbDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi RvqMv ev Aemacrrsquovb msDaggerkvwaZ nq|

Avgiv ADagger_copyvWbwUKm mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy RvbDaggerj mnDaggerRB eySDaggerZ cvie daggerKvb `vuZ Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere

DaggereDaggero DVDaggerQ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ mvgAumlmuml c~Ycopy nDaggerq ebdquowtimes cvDagger‛Q wK bvwK

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz-wbPz dvuKv GDaggerjvDaggergjv iumlayB wK `vuZ bvwK daggerPvqvjUvI DuPz-wbPz wKsev evuKv

`vuZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ wK bv GZ me cOumlDaggerkœi DEumli Avgiv mnDaggerRB RvbDaggerZ cvwi

12

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde welqUv daggerRDaggerb| iumlay Rvbv daggerKb GB me mgmumlvi mvgvavb w`DaggerZ cvwi

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg| GKUv welq RvbDaggerZ PvBDaggerj ADaggerbK wKQyB Rvbv `iKvi|

ZviciI GB wPwKrmvi cOumlavb wKQy jparauml I DDaggerIumlkuml wbaeligiƒDaggerc ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv-

gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimesi Rbuml

ADagger_vcopyWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimes mcurrencente| `vuZDaggerK Zvi macr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb

wbDaggerq GDaggerm `vuDaggerZi Ges gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimes mcurrencente| GUv AZxe Risbquoix wbaeligiƒc KviDaggerY

gvbyl Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerh gvbwmK mgmumlvq _vDaggerK Zv Avi nq bv|

cieZcopyx RxeDaggerb mvgvwRK jfrac34vDaggerevDaggerai nvZ dagger_DaggerK wbregKhellipwZ cvIqv hvq|

macr^vfvweKfvDaggere Dci Ges wbDaggerPi daggerVvuDaggerUi Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj GwU gvwoDaggerK myiparav KDaggeri Ges

bvK w`Daggerq kbrvbarvm cOumlkbrvbarvm wbDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri|

13

`vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi Ges KvDaggerRi DbœwZi Rbuml

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg `vuDaggerZi KgcopyparagZv ebdquowtimes cvq| KviY GB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg macr^vfvweK Kvgo (Balanced Occlusion with normal over jet amp overbite)

cOumlmacrlsquoZ Kiv nq|

AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wVK Kiv Ges `vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi macrrsquovwqZiexcl evovDaggerbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gvbyDaggerli AwZwisup3 `vuZ ev GKB RvqMvq daggerewk `vuZ ev

daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Zvi dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb IjUcvjU G meB wVK Kiv mcurrencente| `vuDaggerZi GB myrsaquo`i

Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj cieZcopyxKvDaggerj `vuDaggerZ KumlvwiDaggerRi (daggercvKv LvIqv) gvwoi cOuml`vn BZumlvw` mgmumlv

nq bv|

Abuml `šmdash wPwKrmvi mvnvhumlKvix wnDaggermDaggere

KhellipwIcircg `vuZ emvDaggerbvi Rbuml mwVKfvDaggere RvqMv bullZwi KiDaggerZ|

paray`ordf cwimDaggeri Aiacute wKQy msLumlK DcKvixZv DaggerRDaggerb wbDaggerjb daggerZv

14

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv Ni hvi me wKQzB cwicvwU| wbfcopyvebvq Avcbvi emevm| hw`

Gi me wKQzB ADaggerMvQvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZvnDaggerj wK fDaggerjv jvMDaggere jvMDaggere bv| wVK daggerZgwbB AvgvDagger`i

DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUDaggerZ daggergvU 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ _vDaggerK GB 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ Gi macr^vfvweK

Aemacrrsquovb G _vKDaggerj Avcbvi `uvZ dagger`LvDaggere myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv NDaggerii gDaggerZv| hLb `uvZ Zvi mwVK

AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vDaggerK bv ZLb GUv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri GeDaggerov dagger_eDaggerov GDaggerjvDaggergDaggerjv DPz-bxPz AemacrrsquovDaggerb| ZLb

Avcbvi `uvZ Avi mvRvDaggerbv myrsaquo`i AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB daggerbB eDaggerjB dagger`LDaggerZ GiKg| hw` KvDaggeriv `uvZ

Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB hv dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMDaggerQ ZvnDaggerj GKRb AfxAacute ADagger_vcopyWbwUdivide nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

daggerKv_vq| hvi dDaggerj Avgiv wbDaggerRivB eyDaggerS wbDaggerZ cviDaggerev AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ

wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

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16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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27

mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

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8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

40

daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

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wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

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wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

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OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

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DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

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nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

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wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

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274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

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AvuKv evuKv `vuDaggerZi wbLyuZ wPwKrmviZ Wvt mvMi

Wvt mvMi

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myPxcIcirc

myPxcIcirc

1 f~wgKv

2 myrsaquo`i nvwm AvgvDagger`i mevi Kvguml

3 ADagger_copyvWbwUKm AZxe Risbquoix I cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy

4 `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb

5 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wKQy mgmumlv `vuZ I gyDaggerLi wKQy mgmumlv

6 `vuZ AvuKv evuuKv nevi KviY mg~n

7 dvuKv `vuZ Spacing

8 microvDwWs Crowding

9 IDaggercb evBU Open bite

10 Knotvk 2 gumlvjKzDaggerjkb Class II maloclusion

11 Knotvk w_ordf gumlvjKzDaggerjkb Class III maloclusion

12 evBgumlvmiddot

13 daggerMuR `vuZ

14 daggerKnotdUamp wjc GUcirc cumlvDaggerjU Cleft lip amp palate

15 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm

16 ADagger_vcopyWbwUK wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgq daggerivMxi KiYxq

17 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerparaDaggerIcirc `vuZ daggerZvjvi cOumlDaggerqvRbxqZv

18 wKQy Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml parawZKi

19 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cOumlDaggerqvRbxqZv

20 daggereordfm - Avcbvi Rbuml wK Risbquoix

9

f~wgKv

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gvbyDaggerli cOumlej| hyDaggerMi mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq Zviv daggerek mDaggerPZbI| wPwKrmv

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gvbyDaggerli Gme AvMOumlDaggerni K_v gv_vq daggeriDaggerLB G eBwU daggerjLvi eumlvcvDaggeri

Avwg AbycOumlvwYZ nDaggerqwQ| G eBwU coDaggerj daggerh daggerKvb gvbyl `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi

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aviYv jvf KiDaggere| Avkv Kwi eBwU wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi QvIcirc-QvIcircxDagger`iI

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eBwU mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy daggerh daggerKvb g~jumlevb gZvgZ mywPwšmdashZ civgkcopy mv`Daggeri

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nDaggerqDaggerQ eDaggerj gDaggerb KiDaggerev| mevBDaggerK abumlev`|

10

gvbyl daggermŠrsaquo`Daggerhcopy c~Rvix daggermRbumlB myrsaquo`i gyDaggerLi Rq mecopyIcirc|

gvbyDaggerli daggermŠrsaquo`Daggerhcopyi AbumlZg AjsKvi nDaggerjv myrsaquo`i nvwm| ZvB

GB myrsaquo`i nvwm Kvi bv Kvguml| Avi GB myrsaquo`i nvwmi Rbuml

PvB mymacrrsquo-myrsaquo`i `vuZ| `vuZDaggerK mymacrrsquo ivLvi Rbuml PvB mwVK

cwiPhcopyv| Avi myrsaquo`i nvwm ADaggerbKvsDaggerk wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi

mwVK webumlvDaggermi Dci| wewfbœ gvbyDaggerli AvuKv evuKv DPz-bxPz

dvuKv `vuZ Avgiv ADaggerbK mgqB daggerLqvj KDaggeri _vwK| `vuDaggerZi Gme

mgmumlv myrsaquo`i nvwmi daggerparaDaggerIcirc cOumlavb Ašmdashivq| G QvovI dagger`Lv dagger`q `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivM

DaggerivMxi K_v ejDaggerZ ev Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri ADaggerbDaggerKB DuPz `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY `yB daggerVvuU eUuml

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wewfbœ mgmumlvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggergDaggerqDagger`i weDaggerqi daggerparaDaggerIcircI evav nDaggerq `vuovq G aiDaggerYi

Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ| wKšlsquo `vuDaggerZi Gme mgmumlv daggerKb nq Gi daggerKvb

mwVK wPwKrmv AvDaggerQ wKbv Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB

ARvbv|

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi DEumlDaggerivEumli AMOumlMwZi

dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi G aiDaggerYi mgmumlv `~i Kiv Avi daggerKvb eumlvcviB

bv| whwb AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbuPz dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv

wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK KDaggerib ZvDaggerK ejv nq Orthodontist AvcbvDagger`i myweavDagger_copy Avwg `vuDaggerZi

G aiDaggerYi wKQy mgmumlv KviY cOumlwZKvi I wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wbDaggerq mswparaszligfvDaggere AvDaggerjvPbv Kie hv

cDaggero Avcwb Lye mnDaggerRB eySDaggerZ cviDaggereb Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ daggerKvb mgmumlv AvDaggerQ wKbv hvi Rbuml

Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv DwPZ| KvDaggerRB ejv hvq Avcwb ev Avcbvi daggerKvb

cwiwPZRb Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyMDaggerj Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ daggerhvMvDaggerhvM KDaggeri

Zvi civgcopyk Abyhvqx wPwKrmv wbDaggerq nDaggerZ cvDaggerib gysup3 Siv nvwmi AwaKvix| Avi daggermB nvwmi

wSwjDaggerK Avcbvi Pvicvk nDaggerq DVDaggere AvDaggerjvwKZ|

11

cOumlwZw`b Avwereglsaquovi nDagger‛Q bZzb bZzb wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov Ges

ZviB mvDagger_ dagger`Lv w`Dagger‛Q bZzb bZzb daggerivM I mgmumlv| wPwKrmv

weAacutevDaggerbi cwiwa Acwimxg| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ welDaggerqi

gDaggerauml ADagger_copyvWbwUKm GKwU AZxe Risbquoix Ges MisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy

welq| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ kvLv daggerhgb `vuZ gvwo Ges

gyLMnŸDaggerii kjuml wPwKrmv KhellipwIcircg `vuZ jvMvDaggerbv isbquoU Kumlvbvj wPwKrmv

BZumlvw` welq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy gvbyDaggerli KgDaggerewk aviYv AvDaggerQ| wKšlsquo ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewU DtradecentvweZ nDaggerqDaggerQ `yOtildewU wMOumlK katilde dagger_DaggerK|

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm = ADagger_copyvm + daggerWvbm = mwVK + `uvZ

ZvnDaggerj ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewUi cOumlKhellipZ evsjv cOumlwZkatilde nDagger‛Q Ocirc`vuZ wVK KivOtilde

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi Ggb GKwU kvLv hv MDaggerelY KDaggeri mvaviY bull`wnK MVb g~jZ

g~DaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji Ges `vuDaggerZi MVb wbDaggerq Ges GwU AvDaggeriv MDaggerelYv KDaggeri gyDaggerLi mvaviY MVb Kx Kx

KviDaggerY eumlvnZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges Gi cOumlwZDaggeriva Ges wPwKrmvi Dcvq wbDaggerq hv wbw`copyoacute Rxewe`umlvi

gDaggerauml mxwgZ|

wewfbœ MDaggerelK OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmDaggerK AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wewfbœ fvDaggere| Ocirc`umlv weordfwUk daggermvmvBwU

di w` dividevwW Ae ADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wbDaggeraeligvsup3fvDaggere

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde -G gyL I daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimes I mcurrencOumlmviY mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy weDaggerePbv I weDaggerkshylY Kiv

nq hv Oslashviv DcDaggerii I wbDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi RvqMv ev Aemacrrsquovb msDaggerkvwaZ nq|

Avgiv ADagger_copyvWbwUKm mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy RvbDaggerj mnDaggerRB eySDaggerZ cvie daggerKvb `vuZ Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere

DaggereDaggero DVDaggerQ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ mvgAumlmuml c~Ycopy nDaggerq ebdquowtimes cvDagger‛Q wK bvwK

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz-wbPz dvuKv GDaggerjvDaggergjv iumlayB wK `vuZ bvwK daggerPvqvjUvI DuPz-wbPz wKsev evuKv

`vuZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ wK bv GZ me cOumlDaggerkœi DEumli Avgiv mnDaggerRB RvbDaggerZ cvwi

12

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde welqUv daggerRDaggerb| iumlay Rvbv daggerKb GB me mgmumlvi mvgvavb w`DaggerZ cvwi

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg| GKUv welq RvbDaggerZ PvBDaggerj ADaggerbK wKQyB Rvbv `iKvi|

ZviciI GB wPwKrmvi cOumlavb wKQy jparauml I DDaggerIumlkuml wbaeligiƒDaggerc ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv-

gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimesi Rbuml

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gvbyl Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerh gvbwmK mgmumlvq _vDaggerK Zv Avi nq bv|

cieZcopyx RxeDaggerb mvgvwRK jfrac34vDaggerevDaggerai nvZ dagger_DaggerK wbregKhellipwZ cvIqv hvq|

macr^vfvweKfvDaggere Dci Ges wbDaggerPi daggerVvuDaggerUi Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj GwU gvwoDaggerK myiparav KDaggeri Ges

bvK w`Daggerq kbrvbarvm cOumlkbrvbarvm wbDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri|

13

`vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi Ges KvDaggerRi DbœwZi Rbuml

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg `vuDaggerZi KgcopyparagZv ebdquowtimes cvq| KviY GB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg macr^vfvweK Kvgo (Balanced Occlusion with normal over jet amp overbite)

cOumlmacrlsquoZ Kiv nq|

AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wVK Kiv Ges `vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi macrrsquovwqZiexcl evovDaggerbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gvbyDaggerli AwZwisup3 `vuZ ev GKB RvqMvq daggerewk `vuZ ev

daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Zvi dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb IjUcvjU G meB wVK Kiv mcurrencente| `vuDaggerZi GB myrsaquo`i

Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj cieZcopyxKvDaggerj `vuDaggerZ KumlvwiDaggerRi (daggercvKv LvIqv) gvwoi cOuml`vn BZumlvw` mgmumlv

nq bv|

Abuml `šmdash wPwKrmvi mvnvhumlKvix wnDaggermDaggere

KhellipwIcircg `vuZ emvDaggerbvi Rbuml mwVKfvDaggere RvqMv bullZwi KiDaggerZ|

paray`ordf cwimDaggeri Aiacute wKQy msLumlK DcKvixZv DaggerRDaggerb wbDaggerjb daggerZv

14

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv Ni hvi me wKQzB cwicvwU| wbfcopyvebvq Avcbvi emevm| hw`

Gi me wKQzB ADaggerMvQvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZvnDaggerj wK fDaggerjv jvMDaggere jvMDaggere bv| wVK daggerZgwbB AvgvDagger`i

DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUDaggerZ daggergvU 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ _vDaggerK GB 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ Gi macr^vfvweK

Aemacrrsquovb G _vKDaggerj Avcbvi `uvZ dagger`LvDaggere myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv NDaggerii gDaggerZv| hLb `uvZ Zvi mwVK

AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vDaggerK bv ZLb GUv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri GeDaggerov dagger_eDaggerov GDaggerjvDaggergDaggerjv DPz-bxPz AemacrrsquovDaggerb| ZLb

Avcbvi `uvZ Avi mvRvDaggerbv myrsaquo`i AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB daggerbB eDaggerjB dagger`LDaggerZ GiKg| hw` KvDaggeriv `uvZ

Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB hv dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMDaggerQ ZvnDaggerj GKRb AfxAacute ADagger_vcopyWbwUdivide nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

daggerKv_vq| hvi dDaggerj Avgiv wbDaggerRivB eyDaggerS wbDaggerZ cviDaggerev AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ

wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

-0-

16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

-0-

PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

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8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

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e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

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1 f~wgKv

2 myrsaquo`i nvwm AvgvDagger`i mevi Kvguml

3 ADagger_copyvWbwUKm AZxe Risbquoix I cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy

4 `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb

5 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wKQy mgmumlv `vuZ I gyDaggerLi wKQy mgmumlv

6 `vuZ AvuKv evuuKv nevi KviY mg~n

7 dvuKv `vuZ Spacing

8 microvDwWs Crowding

9 IDaggercb evBU Open bite

10 Knotvk 2 gumlvjKzDaggerjkb Class II maloclusion

11 Knotvk w_ordf gumlvjKzDaggerjkb Class III maloclusion

12 evBgumlvmiddot

13 daggerMuR `vuZ

14 daggerKnotdUamp wjc GUcirc cumlvDaggerjU Cleft lip amp palate

15 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm

16 ADagger_vcopyWbwUK wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgq daggerivMxi KiYxq

17 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerparaDaggerIcirc `vuZ daggerZvjvi cOumlDaggerqvRbxqZv

18 wKQy Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml parawZKi

19 ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cOumlDaggerqvRbxqZv

20 daggereordfm - Avcbvi Rbuml wK Risbquoix

9

f~wgKv

gvbyl daggerKŠZznj wcOumlq| ARvbv daggerKvb welq wbDaggerq Rvbvi AvMOumln

gvbyDaggerli cOumlej| hyDaggerMi mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq Zviv daggerek mDaggerPZbI| wPwKrmv

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gvbyDaggerli Gme AvMOumlDaggerni K_v gv_vq daggeriDaggerLB G eBwU daggerjLvi eumlvcvDaggeri

Avwg AbycOumlvwYZ nDaggerqwQ| G eBwU coDaggerj daggerh daggerKvb gvbyl `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi

GKwU AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_copyvWbwUKm mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wKQyUv nDaggerjI

aviYv jvf KiDaggere| Avkv Kwi eBwU wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi QvIcirc-QvIcircxDagger`iI

KvDaggerR AvmDaggere|

eBwU mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy daggerh daggerKvb g~jumlevb gZvgZ mywPwšmdashZ civgkcopy mv`Daggeri

MOumlnY Kiv nDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejDaggerZ PvB mvgvbuml GB cwimDaggeri ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi gZ

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cOumlqvm AvcbvDagger`i mvgvbumlZg DcKvDaggeri GDaggerjI Avgvi cwikordfg mv_copyK

nDaggerqDaggerQ eDaggerj gDaggerb KiDaggerev| mevBDaggerK abumlev`|

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gvbyl daggermŠrsaquo`Daggerhcopy c~Rvix daggermRbumlB myrsaquo`i gyDaggerLi Rq mecopyIcirc|

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GB myrsaquo`i nvwm Kvi bv Kvguml| Avi GB myrsaquo`i nvwmi Rbuml

PvB mymacrrsquo-myrsaquo`i `vuZ| `vuZDaggerK mymacrrsquo ivLvi Rbuml PvB mwVK

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mwVK webumlvDaggermi Dci| wewfbœ gvbyDaggerli AvuKv evuKv DPz-bxPz

dvuKv `vuZ Avgiv ADaggerbK mgqB daggerLqvj KDaggeri _vwK| `vuDaggerZi Gme

mgmumlv myrsaquo`i nvwmi daggerparaDaggerIcirc cOumlavb Ašmdashivq| G QvovI dagger`Lv dagger`q `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivM

DaggerivMxi K_v ejDaggerZ ev Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri ADaggerbDaggerKB DuPz `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY `yB daggerVvuU eUuml

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wewfbœ mgmumlvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggergDaggerqDagger`i weDaggerqi daggerparaDaggerIcircI evav nDaggerq `vuovq G aiDaggerYi

Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ| wKšlsquo `vuDaggerZi Gme mgmumlv daggerKb nq Gi daggerKvb

mwVK wPwKrmv AvDaggerQ wKbv Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB

ARvbv|

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi DEumlDaggerivEumli AMOumlMwZi

dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi G aiDaggerYi mgmumlv `~i Kiv Avi daggerKvb eumlvcviB

bv| whwb AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbuPz dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv

wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK KDaggerib ZvDaggerK ejv nq Orthodontist AvcbvDagger`i myweavDagger_copy Avwg `vuDaggerZi

G aiDaggerYi wKQy mgmumlv KviY cOumlwZKvi I wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wbDaggerq mswparaszligfvDaggere AvDaggerjvPbv Kie hv

cDaggero Avcwb Lye mnDaggerRB eySDaggerZ cviDaggereb Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ daggerKvb mgmumlv AvDaggerQ wKbv hvi Rbuml

Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv DwPZ| KvDaggerRB ejv hvq Avcwb ev Avcbvi daggerKvb

cwiwPZRb Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyMDaggerj Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ daggerhvMvDaggerhvM KDaggeri

Zvi civgcopyk Abyhvqx wPwKrmv wbDaggerq nDaggerZ cvDaggerib gysup3 Siv nvwmi AwaKvix| Avi daggermB nvwmi

wSwjDaggerK Avcbvi Pvicvk nDaggerq DVDaggere AvDaggerjvwKZ|

11

cOumlwZw`b Avwereglsaquovi nDagger‛Q bZzb bZzb wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov Ges

ZviB mvDagger_ dagger`Lv w`Dagger‛Q bZzb bZzb daggerivM I mgmumlv| wPwKrmv

weAacutevDaggerbi cwiwa Acwimxg| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ welDaggerqi

gDaggerauml ADagger_copyvWbwUKm GKwU AZxe Risbquoix Ges MisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy

welq| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ kvLv daggerhgb `vuZ gvwo Ges

gyLMnŸDaggerii kjuml wPwKrmv KhellipwIcircg `vuZ jvMvDaggerbv isbquoU Kumlvbvj wPwKrmv

BZumlvw` welq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy gvbyDaggerli KgDaggerewk aviYv AvDaggerQ| wKšlsquo ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewU DtradecentvweZ nDaggerqDaggerQ `yOtildewU wMOumlK katilde dagger_DaggerK|

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm = ADagger_copyvm + daggerWvbm = mwVK + `uvZ

ZvnDaggerj ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewUi cOumlKhellipZ evsjv cOumlwZkatilde nDagger‛Q Ocirc`vuZ wVK KivOtilde

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi Ggb GKwU kvLv hv MDaggerelY KDaggeri mvaviY bull`wnK MVb g~jZ

g~DaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji Ges `vuDaggerZi MVb wbDaggerq Ges GwU AvDaggeriv MDaggerelYv KDaggeri gyDaggerLi mvaviY MVb Kx Kx

KviDaggerY eumlvnZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges Gi cOumlwZDaggeriva Ges wPwKrmvi Dcvq wbDaggerq hv wbw`copyoacute Rxewe`umlvi

gDaggerauml mxwgZ|

wewfbœ MDaggerelK OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmDaggerK AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wewfbœ fvDaggere| Ocirc`umlv weordfwUk daggermvmvBwU

di w` dividevwW Ae ADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wbDaggeraeligvsup3fvDaggere

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde -G gyL I daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimes I mcurrencOumlmviY mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy weDaggerePbv I weDaggerkshylY Kiv

nq hv Oslashviv DcDaggerii I wbDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi RvqMv ev Aemacrrsquovb msDaggerkvwaZ nq|

Avgiv ADagger_copyvWbwUKm mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy RvbDaggerj mnDaggerRB eySDaggerZ cvie daggerKvb `vuZ Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere

DaggereDaggero DVDaggerQ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ mvgAumlmuml c~Ycopy nDaggerq ebdquowtimes cvDagger‛Q wK bvwK

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz-wbPz dvuKv GDaggerjvDaggergjv iumlayB wK `vuZ bvwK daggerPvqvjUvI DuPz-wbPz wKsev evuKv

`vuZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ wK bv GZ me cOumlDaggerkœi DEumli Avgiv mnDaggerRB RvbDaggerZ cvwi

12

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde welqUv daggerRDaggerb| iumlay Rvbv daggerKb GB me mgmumlvi mvgvavb w`DaggerZ cvwi

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg| GKUv welq RvbDaggerZ PvBDaggerj ADaggerbK wKQyB Rvbv `iKvi|

ZviciI GB wPwKrmvi cOumlavb wKQy jparauml I DDaggerIumlkuml wbaeligiƒDaggerc ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv-

gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimesi Rbuml

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wbDaggerq GDaggerm `vuDaggerZi Ges gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimes mcurrencente| GUv AZxe Risbquoix wbaeligiƒc KviDaggerY

gvbyl Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerh gvbwmK mgmumlvq _vDaggerK Zv Avi nq bv|

cieZcopyx RxeDaggerb mvgvwRK jfrac34vDaggerevDaggerai nvZ dagger_DaggerK wbregKhellipwZ cvIqv hvq|

macr^vfvweKfvDaggere Dci Ges wbDaggerPi daggerVvuDaggerUi Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj GwU gvwoDaggerK myiparav KDaggeri Ges

bvK w`Daggerq kbrvbarvm cOumlkbrvbarvm wbDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri|

13

`vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi Ges KvDaggerRi DbœwZi Rbuml

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg `vuDaggerZi KgcopyparagZv ebdquowtimes cvq| KviY GB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg macr^vfvweK Kvgo (Balanced Occlusion with normal over jet amp overbite)

cOumlmacrlsquoZ Kiv nq|

AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wVK Kiv Ges `vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi macrrsquovwqZiexcl evovDaggerbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gvbyDaggerli AwZwisup3 `vuZ ev GKB RvqMvq daggerewk `vuZ ev

daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Zvi dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb IjUcvjU G meB wVK Kiv mcurrencente| `vuDaggerZi GB myrsaquo`i

Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj cieZcopyxKvDaggerj `vuDaggerZ KumlvwiDaggerRi (daggercvKv LvIqv) gvwoi cOuml`vn BZumlvw` mgmumlv

nq bv|

Abuml `šmdash wPwKrmvi mvnvhumlKvix wnDaggermDaggere

KhellipwIcircg `vuZ emvDaggerbvi Rbuml mwVKfvDaggere RvqMv bullZwi KiDaggerZ|

paray`ordf cwimDaggeri Aiacute wKQy msLumlK DcKvixZv DaggerRDaggerb wbDaggerjb daggerZv

14

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv Ni hvi me wKQzB cwicvwU| wbfcopyvebvq Avcbvi emevm| hw`

Gi me wKQzB ADaggerMvQvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZvnDaggerj wK fDaggerjv jvMDaggere jvMDaggere bv| wVK daggerZgwbB AvgvDagger`i

DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUDaggerZ daggergvU 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ _vDaggerK GB 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ Gi macr^vfvweK

Aemacrrsquovb G _vKDaggerj Avcbvi `uvZ dagger`LvDaggere myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv NDaggerii gDaggerZv| hLb `uvZ Zvi mwVK

AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vDaggerK bv ZLb GUv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri GeDaggerov dagger_eDaggerov GDaggerjvDaggergDaggerjv DPz-bxPz AemacrrsquovDaggerb| ZLb

Avcbvi `uvZ Avi mvRvDaggerbv myrsaquo`i AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB daggerbB eDaggerjB dagger`LDaggerZ GiKg| hw` KvDaggeriv `uvZ

Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB hv dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMDaggerQ ZvnDaggerj GKRb AfxAacute ADagger_vcopyWbwUdivide nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

daggerKv_vq| hvi dDaggerj Avgiv wbDaggerRivB eyDaggerS wbDaggerZ cviDaggerev AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ

wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

-0-

16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

-0-

PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

36

aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

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Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

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f~wgKv

gvbyl daggerKŠZznj wcOumlq| ARvbv daggerKvb welq wbDaggerq Rvbvi AvMOumln

gvbyDaggerli cOumlej| hyDaggerMi mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq Zviv daggerek mDaggerPZbI| wPwKrmv

weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ w`K mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy RvbDaggerZ Zviv LyeB AvMOumlnx| mvaviY

gvbyDaggerli Gme AvMOumlDaggerni K_v gv_vq daggeriDaggerLB G eBwU daggerjLvi eumlvcvDaggeri

Avwg AbycOumlvwYZ nDaggerqwQ| G eBwU coDaggerj daggerh daggerKvb gvbyl `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi

GKwU AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_copyvWbwUKm mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wKQyUv nDaggerjI

aviYv jvf KiDaggere| Avkv Kwi eBwU wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi QvIcirc-QvIcircxDagger`iI

KvDaggerR AvmDaggere|

eBwU mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy daggerh daggerKvb g~jumlevb gZvgZ mywPwšmdashZ civgkcopy mv`Daggeri

MOumlnY Kiv nDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejDaggerZ PvB mvgvbuml GB cwimDaggeri ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi gZ

wekvj GKwU welqDaggerK mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc ZzDaggerj aiv mcurrencente bq| Avgvi GB paraz ordf

cOumlqvm AvcbvDagger`i mvgvbumlZg DcKvDaggeri GDaggerjI Avgvi cwikordfg mv_copyK

nDaggerqDaggerQ eDaggerj gDaggerb KiDaggerev| mevBDaggerK abumlev`|

10

gvbyl daggermŠrsaquo`Daggerhcopy c~Rvix daggermRbumlB myrsaquo`i gyDaggerLi Rq mecopyIcirc|

gvbyDaggerli daggermŠrsaquo`Daggerhcopyi AbumlZg AjsKvi nDaggerjv myrsaquo`i nvwm| ZvB

GB myrsaquo`i nvwm Kvi bv Kvguml| Avi GB myrsaquo`i nvwmi Rbuml

PvB mymacrrsquo-myrsaquo`i `vuZ| `vuZDaggerK mymacrrsquo ivLvi Rbuml PvB mwVK

cwiPhcopyv| Avi myrsaquo`i nvwm ADaggerbKvsDaggerk wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi

mwVK webumlvDaggermi Dci| wewfbœ gvbyDaggerli AvuKv evuKv DPz-bxPz

dvuKv `vuZ Avgiv ADaggerbK mgqB daggerLqvj KDaggeri _vwK| `vuDaggerZi Gme

mgmumlv myrsaquo`i nvwmi daggerparaDaggerIcirc cOumlavb Ašmdashivq| G QvovI dagger`Lv dagger`q `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivM

DaggerivMxi K_v ejDaggerZ ev Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri ADaggerbDaggerKB DuPz `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY `yB daggerVvuU eUuml

KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri bv dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ LyeB Amyrsaquo`i jvDaggerM| daggerivMx cvwievwiK mvgvwRK I gvbwmKfvDaggere

wewfbœ mgmumlvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggergDaggerqDagger`i weDaggerqi daggerparaDaggerIcircI evav nDaggerq `vuovq G aiDaggerYi

Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ| wKšlsquo `vuDaggerZi Gme mgmumlv daggerKb nq Gi daggerKvb

mwVK wPwKrmv AvDaggerQ wKbv Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB

ARvbv|

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi DEumlDaggerivEumli AMOumlMwZi

dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi G aiDaggerYi mgmumlv `~i Kiv Avi daggerKvb eumlvcviB

bv| whwb AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbuPz dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv

wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK KDaggerib ZvDaggerK ejv nq Orthodontist AvcbvDagger`i myweavDagger_copy Avwg `vuDaggerZi

G aiDaggerYi wKQy mgmumlv KviY cOumlwZKvi I wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wbDaggerq mswparaszligfvDaggere AvDaggerjvPbv Kie hv

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wSwjDaggerK Avcbvi Pvicvk nDaggerq DVDaggere AvDaggerjvwKZ|

11

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nq hv Oslashviv DcDaggerii I wbDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi RvqMv ev Aemacrrsquovb msDaggerkvwaZ nq|

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12

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13

`vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi Ges KvDaggerRi DbœwZi Rbuml

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cOumlmacrlsquoZ Kiv nq|

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nq bv|

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14

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cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

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wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

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Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

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1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

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daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

-0-

16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

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RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

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cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

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dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

-0-

PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

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_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

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Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

10

gvbyl daggermŠrsaquo`Daggerhcopy c~Rvix daggermRbumlB myrsaquo`i gyDaggerLi Rq mecopyIcirc|

gvbyDaggerli daggermŠrsaquo`Daggerhcopyi AbumlZg AjsKvi nDaggerjv myrsaquo`i nvwm| ZvB

GB myrsaquo`i nvwm Kvi bv Kvguml| Avi GB myrsaquo`i nvwmi Rbuml

PvB mymacrrsquo-myrsaquo`i `vuZ| `vuZDaggerK mymacrrsquo ivLvi Rbuml PvB mwVK

cwiPhcopyv| Avi myrsaquo`i nvwm ADaggerbKvsDaggerk wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi

mwVK webumlvDaggermi Dci| wewfbœ gvbyDaggerli AvuKv evuKv DPz-bxPz

dvuKv `vuZ Avgiv ADaggerbK mgqB daggerLqvj KDaggeri _vwK| `vuDaggerZi Gme

mgmumlv myrsaquo`i nvwmi daggerparaDaggerIcirc cOumlavb Ašmdashivq| G QvovI dagger`Lv dagger`q `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivM

DaggerivMxi K_v ejDaggerZ ev Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri ADaggerbDaggerKB DuPz `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY `yB daggerVvuU eUuml

KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri bv dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ LyeB Amyrsaquo`i jvDaggerM| daggerivMx cvwievwiK mvgvwRK I gvbwmKfvDaggere

wewfbœ mgmumlvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggergDaggerqDagger`i weDaggerqi daggerparaDaggerIcircI evav nDaggerq `vuovq G aiDaggerYi

Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ| wKšlsquo `vuDaggerZi Gme mgmumlv daggerKb nq Gi daggerKvb

mwVK wPwKrmv AvDaggerQ wKbv Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB

ARvbv|

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi DEumlDaggerivEumli AMOumlMwZi

dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi G aiDaggerYi mgmumlv `~i Kiv Avi daggerKvb eumlvcviB

bv| whwb AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbuPz dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv

wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK KDaggerib ZvDaggerK ejv nq Orthodontist AvcbvDagger`i myweavDagger_copy Avwg `vuDaggerZi

G aiDaggerYi wKQy mgmumlv KviY cOumlwZKvi I wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wbDaggerq mswparaszligfvDaggere AvDaggerjvPbv Kie hv

cDaggero Avcwb Lye mnDaggerRB eySDaggerZ cviDaggereb Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ daggerKvb mgmumlv AvDaggerQ wKbv hvi Rbuml

Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv DwPZ| KvDaggerRB ejv hvq Avcwb ev Avcbvi daggerKvb

cwiwPZRb Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyMDaggerj Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ daggerhvMvDaggerhvM KDaggeri

Zvi civgcopyk Abyhvqx wPwKrmv wbDaggerq nDaggerZ cvDaggerib gysup3 Siv nvwmi AwaKvix| Avi daggermB nvwmi

wSwjDaggerK Avcbvi Pvicvk nDaggerq DVDaggere AvDaggerjvwKZ|

11

cOumlwZw`b Avwereglsaquovi nDagger‛Q bZzb bZzb wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov Ges

ZviB mvDagger_ dagger`Lv w`Dagger‛Q bZzb bZzb daggerivM I mgmumlv| wPwKrmv

weAacutevDaggerbi cwiwa Acwimxg| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ welDaggerqi

gDaggerauml ADagger_copyvWbwUKm GKwU AZxe Risbquoix Ges MisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy

welq| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ kvLv daggerhgb `vuZ gvwo Ges

gyLMnŸDaggerii kjuml wPwKrmv KhellipwIcircg `vuZ jvMvDaggerbv isbquoU Kumlvbvj wPwKrmv

BZumlvw` welq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy gvbyDaggerli KgDaggerewk aviYv AvDaggerQ| wKšlsquo ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewU DtradecentvweZ nDaggerqDaggerQ `yOtildewU wMOumlK katilde dagger_DaggerK|

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm = ADagger_copyvm + daggerWvbm = mwVK + `uvZ

ZvnDaggerj ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewUi cOumlKhellipZ evsjv cOumlwZkatilde nDagger‛Q Ocirc`vuZ wVK KivOtilde

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi Ggb GKwU kvLv hv MDaggerelY KDaggeri mvaviY bull`wnK MVb g~jZ

g~DaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji Ges `vuDaggerZi MVb wbDaggerq Ges GwU AvDaggeriv MDaggerelYv KDaggeri gyDaggerLi mvaviY MVb Kx Kx

KviDaggerY eumlvnZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges Gi cOumlwZDaggeriva Ges wPwKrmvi Dcvq wbDaggerq hv wbw`copyoacute Rxewe`umlvi

gDaggerauml mxwgZ|

wewfbœ MDaggerelK OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmDaggerK AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wewfbœ fvDaggere| Ocirc`umlv weordfwUk daggermvmvBwU

di w` dividevwW Ae ADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wbDaggeraeligvsup3fvDaggere

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde -G gyL I daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimes I mcurrencOumlmviY mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy weDaggerePbv I weDaggerkshylY Kiv

nq hv Oslashviv DcDaggerii I wbDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi RvqMv ev Aemacrrsquovb msDaggerkvwaZ nq|

Avgiv ADagger_copyvWbwUKm mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy RvbDaggerj mnDaggerRB eySDaggerZ cvie daggerKvb `vuZ Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere

DaggereDaggero DVDaggerQ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ mvgAumlmuml c~Ycopy nDaggerq ebdquowtimes cvDagger‛Q wK bvwK

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz-wbPz dvuKv GDaggerjvDaggergjv iumlayB wK `vuZ bvwK daggerPvqvjUvI DuPz-wbPz wKsev evuKv

`vuZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ wK bv GZ me cOumlDaggerkœi DEumli Avgiv mnDaggerRB RvbDaggerZ cvwi

12

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde welqUv daggerRDaggerb| iumlay Rvbv daggerKb GB me mgmumlvi mvgvavb w`DaggerZ cvwi

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg| GKUv welq RvbDaggerZ PvBDaggerj ADaggerbK wKQyB Rvbv `iKvi|

ZviciI GB wPwKrmvi cOumlavb wKQy jparauml I DDaggerIumlkuml wbaeligiƒDaggerc ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv-

gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimesi Rbuml

ADagger_vcopyWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimes mcurrencente| `vuZDaggerK Zvi macr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb

wbDaggerq GDaggerm `vuDaggerZi Ges gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimes mcurrencente| GUv AZxe Risbquoix wbaeligiƒc KviDaggerY

gvbyl Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerh gvbwmK mgmumlvq _vDaggerK Zv Avi nq bv|

cieZcopyx RxeDaggerb mvgvwRK jfrac34vDaggerevDaggerai nvZ dagger_DaggerK wbregKhellipwZ cvIqv hvq|

macr^vfvweKfvDaggere Dci Ges wbDaggerPi daggerVvuDaggerUi Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj GwU gvwoDaggerK myiparav KDaggeri Ges

bvK w`Daggerq kbrvbarvm cOumlkbrvbarvm wbDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri|

13

`vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi Ges KvDaggerRi DbœwZi Rbuml

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg `vuDaggerZi KgcopyparagZv ebdquowtimes cvq| KviY GB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg macr^vfvweK Kvgo (Balanced Occlusion with normal over jet amp overbite)

cOumlmacrlsquoZ Kiv nq|

AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wVK Kiv Ges `vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi macrrsquovwqZiexcl evovDaggerbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gvbyDaggerli AwZwisup3 `vuZ ev GKB RvqMvq daggerewk `vuZ ev

daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Zvi dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb IjUcvjU G meB wVK Kiv mcurrencente| `vuDaggerZi GB myrsaquo`i

Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj cieZcopyxKvDaggerj `vuDaggerZ KumlvwiDaggerRi (daggercvKv LvIqv) gvwoi cOuml`vn BZumlvw` mgmumlv

nq bv|

Abuml `šmdash wPwKrmvi mvnvhumlKvix wnDaggermDaggere

KhellipwIcircg `vuZ emvDaggerbvi Rbuml mwVKfvDaggere RvqMv bullZwi KiDaggerZ|

paray`ordf cwimDaggeri Aiacute wKQy msLumlK DcKvixZv DaggerRDaggerb wbDaggerjb daggerZv

14

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv Ni hvi me wKQzB cwicvwU| wbfcopyvebvq Avcbvi emevm| hw`

Gi me wKQzB ADaggerMvQvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZvnDaggerj wK fDaggerjv jvMDaggere jvMDaggere bv| wVK daggerZgwbB AvgvDagger`i

DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUDaggerZ daggergvU 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ _vDaggerK GB 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ Gi macr^vfvweK

Aemacrrsquovb G _vKDaggerj Avcbvi `uvZ dagger`LvDaggere myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv NDaggerii gDaggerZv| hLb `uvZ Zvi mwVK

AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vDaggerK bv ZLb GUv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri GeDaggerov dagger_eDaggerov GDaggerjvDaggergDaggerjv DPz-bxPz AemacrrsquovDaggerb| ZLb

Avcbvi `uvZ Avi mvRvDaggerbv myrsaquo`i AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB daggerbB eDaggerjB dagger`LDaggerZ GiKg| hw` KvDaggeriv `uvZ

Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB hv dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMDaggerQ ZvnDaggerj GKRb AfxAacute ADagger_vcopyWbwUdivide nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

daggerKv_vq| hvi dDaggerj Avgiv wbDaggerRivB eyDaggerS wbDaggerZ cviDaggerev AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ

wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

-0-

16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

-0-

PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

11

cOumlwZw`b Avwereglsaquovi nDagger‛Q bZzb bZzb wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov Ges

ZviB mvDagger_ dagger`Lv w`Dagger‛Q bZzb bZzb daggerivM I mgmumlv| wPwKrmv

weAacutevDaggerbi cwiwa Acwimxg| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ welDaggerqi

gDaggerauml ADagger_copyvWbwUKm GKwU AZxe Risbquoix Ges MisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy

welq| `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi wewfbœ kvLv daggerhgb `vuZ gvwo Ges

gyLMnŸDaggerii kjuml wPwKrmv KhellipwIcircg `vuZ jvMvDaggerbv isbquoU Kumlvbvj wPwKrmv

BZumlvw` welq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy gvbyDaggerli KgDaggerewk aviYv AvDaggerQ| wKšlsquo ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewU DtradecentvweZ nDaggerqDaggerQ `yOtildewU wMOumlK katilde dagger_DaggerK|

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm = ADagger_copyvm + daggerWvbm = mwVK + `uvZ

ZvnDaggerj ADagger_copyvWbwUKm katildewUi cOumlKhellipZ evsjv cOumlwZkatilde nDagger‛Q Ocirc`vuZ wVK KivOtilde

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm `šmdash weAacutevDaggerbi Ggb GKwU kvLv hv MDaggerelY KDaggeri mvaviY bull`wnK MVb g~jZ

g~DaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji Ges `vuDaggerZi MVb wbDaggerq Ges GwU AvDaggeriv MDaggerelYv KDaggeri gyDaggerLi mvaviY MVb Kx Kx

KviDaggerY eumlvnZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges Gi cOumlwZDaggeriva Ges wPwKrmvi Dcvq wbDaggerq hv wbw`copyoacute Rxewe`umlvi

gDaggerauml mxwgZ|

wewfbœ MDaggerelK OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmDaggerK AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wewfbœ fvDaggere| Ocirc`umlv weordfwUk daggermvmvBwU

di w` dividevwW Ae ADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde AvLumlvwqZ KDaggeriDaggerQb wbDaggeraeligvsup3fvDaggere

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde -G gyL I daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimes I mcurrencOumlmviY mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy weDaggerePbv I weDaggerkshylY Kiv

nq hv Oslashviv DcDaggerii I wbDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi RvqMv ev Aemacrrsquovb msDaggerkvwaZ nq|

Avgiv ADagger_copyvWbwUKm mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy RvbDaggerj mnDaggerRB eySDaggerZ cvie daggerKvb `vuZ Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere

DaggereDaggero DVDaggerQ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ mvgAumlmuml c~Ycopy nDaggerq ebdquowtimes cvDagger‛Q wK bvwK

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz-wbPz dvuKv GDaggerjvDaggergjv iumlayB wK `vuZ bvwK daggerPvqvjUvI DuPz-wbPz wKsev evuKv

`vuZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ wK bv GZ me cOumlDaggerkœi DEumli Avgiv mnDaggerRB RvbDaggerZ cvwi

12

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde welqUv daggerRDaggerb| iumlay Rvbv daggerKb GB me mgmumlvi mvgvavb w`DaggerZ cvwi

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg| GKUv welq RvbDaggerZ PvBDaggerj ADaggerbK wKQyB Rvbv `iKvi|

ZviciI GB wPwKrmvi cOumlavb wKQy jparauml I DDaggerIumlkuml wbaeligiƒDaggerc ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv-

gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimesi Rbuml

ADagger_vcopyWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimes mcurrencente| `vuZDaggerK Zvi macr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb

wbDaggerq GDaggerm `vuDaggerZi Ges gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimes mcurrencente| GUv AZxe Risbquoix wbaeligiƒc KviDaggerY

gvbyl Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerh gvbwmK mgmumlvq _vDaggerK Zv Avi nq bv|

cieZcopyx RxeDaggerb mvgvwRK jfrac34vDaggerevDaggerai nvZ dagger_DaggerK wbregKhellipwZ cvIqv hvq|

macr^vfvweKfvDaggere Dci Ges wbDaggerPi daggerVvuDaggerUi Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj GwU gvwoDaggerK myiparav KDaggeri Ges

bvK w`Daggerq kbrvbarvm cOumlkbrvbarvm wbDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri|

13

`vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi Ges KvDaggerRi DbœwZi Rbuml

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg `vuDaggerZi KgcopyparagZv ebdquowtimes cvq| KviY GB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg macr^vfvweK Kvgo (Balanced Occlusion with normal over jet amp overbite)

cOumlmacrlsquoZ Kiv nq|

AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wVK Kiv Ges `vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi macrrsquovwqZiexcl evovDaggerbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gvbyDaggerli AwZwisup3 `vuZ ev GKB RvqMvq daggerewk `vuZ ev

daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Zvi dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb IjUcvjU G meB wVK Kiv mcurrencente| `vuDaggerZi GB myrsaquo`i

Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj cieZcopyxKvDaggerj `vuDaggerZ KumlvwiDaggerRi (daggercvKv LvIqv) gvwoi cOuml`vn BZumlvw` mgmumlv

nq bv|

Abuml `šmdash wPwKrmvi mvnvhumlKvix wnDaggermDaggere

KhellipwIcircg `vuZ emvDaggerbvi Rbuml mwVKfvDaggere RvqMv bullZwi KiDaggerZ|

paray`ordf cwimDaggeri Aiacute wKQy msLumlK DcKvixZv DaggerRDaggerb wbDaggerjb daggerZv

14

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv Ni hvi me wKQzB cwicvwU| wbfcopyvebvq Avcbvi emevm| hw`

Gi me wKQzB ADaggerMvQvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZvnDaggerj wK fDaggerjv jvMDaggere jvMDaggere bv| wVK daggerZgwbB AvgvDagger`i

DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUDaggerZ daggergvU 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ _vDaggerK GB 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ Gi macr^vfvweK

Aemacrrsquovb G _vKDaggerj Avcbvi `uvZ dagger`LvDaggere myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv NDaggerii gDaggerZv| hLb `uvZ Zvi mwVK

AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vDaggerK bv ZLb GUv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri GeDaggerov dagger_eDaggerov GDaggerjvDaggergDaggerjv DPz-bxPz AemacrrsquovDaggerb| ZLb

Avcbvi `uvZ Avi mvRvDaggerbv myrsaquo`i AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB daggerbB eDaggerjB dagger`LDaggerZ GiKg| hw` KvDaggeriv `uvZ

Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB hv dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMDaggerQ ZvnDaggerj GKRb AfxAacute ADagger_vcopyWbwUdivide nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

daggerKv_vq| hvi dDaggerj Avgiv wbDaggerRivB eyDaggerS wbDaggerZ cviDaggerev AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ

wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

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16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

-0-

PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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27

mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

42

DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

12

OcircADagger_copyvWbwUKmOtilde welqUv daggerRDaggerb| iumlay Rvbv daggerKb GB me mgmumlvi mvgvavb w`DaggerZ cvwi

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg| GKUv welq RvbDaggerZ PvBDaggerj ADaggerbK wKQyB Rvbv `iKvi|

ZviciI GB wPwKrmvi cOumlavb wKQy jparauml I DDaggerIumlkuml wbaeligiƒDaggerc ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv-

gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimesi Rbuml

ADagger_vcopyWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimes mcurrencente| `vuZDaggerK Zvi macr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb

wbDaggerq GDaggerm `vuDaggerZi Ges gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopy ebdquowtimes mcurrencente| GUv AZxe Risbquoix wbaeligiƒc KviDaggerY

gvbyl Amyrsaquo`i `vuZ wbDaggerq daggerh gvbwmK mgmumlvq _vDaggerK Zv Avi nq bv|

cieZcopyx RxeDaggerb mvgvwRK jfrac34vDaggerevDaggerai nvZ dagger_DaggerK wbregKhellipwZ cvIqv hvq|

macr^vfvweKfvDaggere Dci Ges wbDaggerPi daggerVvuDaggerUi Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj GwU gvwoDaggerK myiparav KDaggeri Ges

bvK w`Daggerq kbrvbarvm cOumlkbrvbarvm wbDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri|

13

`vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi Ges KvDaggerRi DbœwZi Rbuml

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg `vuDaggerZi KgcopyparagZv ebdquowtimes cvq| KviY GB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg macr^vfvweK Kvgo (Balanced Occlusion with normal over jet amp overbite)

cOumlmacrlsquoZ Kiv nq|

AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wVK Kiv Ges `vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi macrrsquovwqZiexcl evovDaggerbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gvbyDaggerli AwZwisup3 `vuZ ev GKB RvqMvq daggerewk `vuZ ev

daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Zvi dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb IjUcvjU G meB wVK Kiv mcurrencente| `vuDaggerZi GB myrsaquo`i

Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj cieZcopyxKvDaggerj `vuDaggerZ KumlvwiDaggerRi (daggercvKv LvIqv) gvwoi cOuml`vn BZumlvw` mgmumlv

nq bv|

Abuml `šmdash wPwKrmvi mvnvhumlKvix wnDaggermDaggere

KhellipwIcircg `vuZ emvDaggerbvi Rbuml mwVKfvDaggere RvqMv bullZwi KiDaggerZ|

paray`ordf cwimDaggeri Aiacute wKQy msLumlK DcKvixZv DaggerRDaggerb wbDaggerjb daggerZv

14

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv Ni hvi me wKQzB cwicvwU| wbfcopyvebvq Avcbvi emevm| hw`

Gi me wKQzB ADaggerMvQvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZvnDaggerj wK fDaggerjv jvMDaggere jvMDaggere bv| wVK daggerZgwbB AvgvDagger`i

DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUDaggerZ daggergvU 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ _vDaggerK GB 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ Gi macr^vfvweK

Aemacrrsquovb G _vKDaggerj Avcbvi `uvZ dagger`LvDaggere myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv NDaggerii gDaggerZv| hLb `uvZ Zvi mwVK

AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vDaggerK bv ZLb GUv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri GeDaggerov dagger_eDaggerov GDaggerjvDaggergDaggerjv DPz-bxPz AemacrrsquovDaggerb| ZLb

Avcbvi `uvZ Avi mvRvDaggerbv myrsaquo`i AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB daggerbB eDaggerjB dagger`LDaggerZ GiKg| hw` KvDaggeriv `uvZ

Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB hv dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMDaggerQ ZvnDaggerj GKRb AfxAacute ADagger_vcopyWbwUdivide nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

daggerKv_vq| hvi dDaggerj Avgiv wbDaggerRivB eyDaggerS wbDaggerZ cviDaggerev AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ

wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

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GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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27

mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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32

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

13

`vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi Ges KvDaggerRi DbœwZi Rbuml

ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg `vuDaggerZi KgcopyparagZv ebdquowtimes cvq| KviY GB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg macr^vfvweK Kvgo (Balanced Occlusion with normal over jet amp overbite)

cOumlmacrlsquoZ Kiv nq|

AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wVK Kiv Ges `vuDaggerZi MVDaggerbi macrrsquovwqZiexcl evovDaggerbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg gvbyDaggerli AwZwisup3 `vuZ ev GKB RvqMvq daggerewk `vuZ ev

daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Zvi dDaggerj `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb IjUcvjU G meB wVK Kiv mcurrencente| `vuDaggerZi GB myrsaquo`i

Aemacrrsquovb wVK KiDaggerj cieZcopyxKvDaggerj `vuDaggerZ KumlvwiDaggerRi (daggercvKv LvIqv) gvwoi cOuml`vn BZumlvw` mgmumlv

nq bv|

Abuml `šmdash wPwKrmvi mvnvhumlKvix wnDaggermDaggere

KhellipwIcircg `vuZ emvDaggerbvi Rbuml mwVKfvDaggere RvqMv bullZwi KiDaggerZ|

paray`ordf cwimDaggeri Aiacute wKQy msLumlK DcKvixZv DaggerRDaggerb wbDaggerjb daggerZv

14

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv Ni hvi me wKQzB cwicvwU| wbfcopyvebvq Avcbvi emevm| hw`

Gi me wKQzB ADaggerMvQvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZvnDaggerj wK fDaggerjv jvMDaggere jvMDaggere bv| wVK daggerZgwbB AvgvDagger`i

DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUDaggerZ daggergvU 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ _vDaggerK GB 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ Gi macr^vfvweK

Aemacrrsquovb G _vKDaggerj Avcbvi `uvZ dagger`LvDaggere myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv NDaggerii gDaggerZv| hLb `uvZ Zvi mwVK

AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vDaggerK bv ZLb GUv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri GeDaggerov dagger_eDaggerov GDaggerjvDaggergDaggerjv DPz-bxPz AemacrrsquovDaggerb| ZLb

Avcbvi `uvZ Avi mvRvDaggerbv myrsaquo`i AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB daggerbB eDaggerjB dagger`LDaggerZ GiKg| hw` KvDaggeriv `uvZ

Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB hv dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMDaggerQ ZvnDaggerj GKRb AfxAacute ADagger_vcopyWbwUdivide nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

daggerKv_vq| hvi dDaggerj Avgiv wbDaggerRivB eyDaggerS wbDaggerZ cviDaggerev AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ

wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

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16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

36

aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

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e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

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nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

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Avcbvi myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv Ni hvi me wKQzB cwicvwU| wbfcopyvebvq Avcbvi emevm| hw`

Gi me wKQzB ADaggerMvQvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZvnDaggerj wK fDaggerjv jvMDaggere jvMDaggere bv| wVK daggerZgwbB AvgvDagger`i

DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUDaggerZ daggergvU 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ _vDaggerK GB 32 wU macrrsquovqx `uvZ Gi macr^vfvweK

Aemacrrsquovb G _vKDaggerj Avcbvi `uvZ dagger`LvDaggere myrsaquo`i mvRvDaggerbv NDaggerii gDaggerZv| hLb `uvZ Zvi mwVK

AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vDaggerK bv ZLb GUv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri GeDaggerov dagger_eDaggerov GDaggerjvDaggergDaggerjv DPz-bxPz AemacrrsquovDaggerb| ZLb

Avcbvi `uvZ Avi mvRvDaggerbv myrsaquo`i AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB daggerbB eDaggerjB dagger`LDaggerZ GiKg| hw` KvDaggeriv `uvZ

Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb daggerbB hv dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMDaggerQ ZvnDaggerj GKRb AfxAacute ADagger_vcopyWbwUdivide nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri Avcbvi cig eUumlz| Dwb cDaggerib mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Avcbvi `uvZDaggerK myrsaquo`i KiDaggerZ|

ZvnDaggerj AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji Rvbvi cOumlDaggerqvRb AvmDaggerj `uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb daggerKvbwU Ges

daggerKv_vq| hvi dDaggerj Avgiv wbDaggerRivB eyDaggerS wbDaggerZ cviDaggerev AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerQ

wK bvB|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

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16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

15

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb wbfcopyi KDaggeri `vuDaggerZi AKnotzmb ev DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Gi Dci| cOumlKhellipZ ADagger_copy `uvDaggerZi AKnotzmb gvDaggerb nDagger‛Q DcDaggerii cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mvDagger_

bxDaggerPi cvwUi `uvDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy hLb cvwUOslashq Kvgo dagger`qv ZvDagger`i c~bvcopysM msDaggerhvDaggerM (Cuspal

Occlusion) G iDaggerqDaggerQ|

hLb uvZ Ges `uvDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ Kvgo Zvi meDaggerPDaggerq mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ GgbwK mcurrenuacute~bcopy

KgcopyKZvcopy cwicyYcopy KDaggeri Ges `bdquowoacutebrsaquo`b ZvDaggerK `uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo ev bigvj AKnotzmb eDaggerj|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc 1-2wU `uvDaggerZ Aiacute Amacr^vfvweKZv _vKDaggerj I _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

`uvDaggerZi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb`uvDaggerZi macr^vfvweK Kvgo Gi kZcopycedilDaggerjv wbgœiƒc-

1| bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ MyDaggerjvi Zzjbvq msLumlvMZ w`K w`Daggerq

GKUz mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| Zvi Kvib nDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvDaggerZi daggerPDaggerq AvuKvDaggeri daggerQvU|

2| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZ cedilDaggerjv GKwU wbw`copyoacute `yiZiexcl I KvgDaggeroi gvaumlDaggerg mvgDaggerb Ges wcQDaggerb

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggere|

3| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvZ (1st) Gi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii w`DaggerK DPuy Ask wU

(Mesio Buccal Cusp) wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclb `uvDaggerZi mvgDaggerb Ges evwnDaggerii

gvSvgvwS daggerh uvDaggerZ bumlvq RvqMvq (Buccal Groove) Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

4| DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b `uvZ wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerQ`b Ges AMOumlDaggerclb (1st Premolar)

Gi gaumleZxcopy dvuKv macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

5| wbDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi wKbviv (Incisal Edge) DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji KZcopyb `uvDaggerZi

cbdquoocircDagger`k (Zvjyi w`DaggerK) Gi gaumleZxcopy macrrsquovDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere| hv nDaggerZ nDaggere mwVK `yiZiexcl Ges

mwVK Kvgo mcurrenuacutebœ|

ZvnDaggerj dagger`ix daggerKb Gparazbx 1 wgwbU Avqbvi mvgDaggerb `vwoDaggerq dagger`DaggerL daggerbB AvgvDagger`i `uvZ Ges

`uvDaggerZi Kvgo Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb iDaggerqDaggerQ wK bv

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GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

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w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

16

GKwesk kZvatildexDaggerZ wPwKrmv weAacutevb DbœwZi Pig wkLDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ| GB DbœwZi

daggerRvqvDaggerii mvDagger_ Zvj wgwjDaggerq `šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi AbumlZg cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy kvLv ADagger_vcopyWbwmqv I

GLb AvDaggeriv DbœZ| bvbvwea RwUj mgmumlvi mgvavb nDagger‛Q ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg|

Avmyb Avgiv cwiwPZ nB KZcedilDaggerjv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy mgmumlvi mDaggerfrac12 hvi mgvavb Lye mnDaggerRB wPwKrmvi

gvaumlDaggerg Kiv hvq|

1 microvDwWs Crowding

GB aiDaggerYi mgmumlvq dagger`Lv hvq daggerPvqvDaggerj `vuZcedilDaggerjv AvuKv evuKv nDaggerq Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerQ ev

daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY GK `vuZ Abuml `vuDaggerZi Dci DDaggerV daggerMDaggerQ|

microvDwWs Crowding

2 daggermacruacutewms (Spacing)

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv RvqMv _vKv|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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27

mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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32

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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34

Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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41

daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

17

3 wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU (Displacement)

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq GKwU `vuDaggerZi daggerh RvqMvq Aemacrrsquovb Kivi K_v daggermLvb dagger_DaggerK mDaggeri Abuml

RvqMvq PDaggerj hvq|

wWmDaggercshymDaggergrsaquoU

(Displacement)

4 GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb (Ectopic Eruption)

`vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV Abuml daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi RvqMvq ev Abuml daggerKvb

Amacr^vfvweK AemacrrsquovDaggerb DDaggerV|

GKDaggerUvwcK Bivcmb

(Ectopic Eruption)

5 Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPqvDaggerji

mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `uvZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL Ges DcDaggerii

daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml evBDaggerii

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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27

mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

18

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK| GDaggerK Normal Bite ev macr^vfvweK Kvgo eDaggerj| GB Aemacrrsquovi DDaggereumlvwU hLb

NDaggerU ZLb ZvDaggerK Cross Bite ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo eDaggerj|

Cross Bite

ev DDaggereumlv Kvgo

6 (IDaggercb evBU) Open bite

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerii cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi daggerPqvDaggerji

cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi GKwU macruacutekcopy _vDaggerK| daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` Kvgo dagger`qv Ae rsquovq DcDaggerii cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacutekcopy bv _vDaggerK Ges Gi dDaggerj `yB cvwU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS

dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open bite eDaggerj|

IDaggercb evBU

(Open bite)

7 wWc evBU (Deep bite)

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

GK ZhellipZxqvsk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL ZLb ZvDaggerK Deep bite ev daggerewk Kvgo eDaggerj|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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27

mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

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8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

40

daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

42

DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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58

DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

19

(wWc evBU) Deep bite

8 Knotvm 2 gumlvjAKnotzmb

(Class II malocclusion Division 1) GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ macr^vfvweDaggerKi daggerPDaggerq ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi mvgDaggerbi

`vZcedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK DuPz nq|

Knotvm 2 wWwfkb 1 gumlvjAvKnotzmb

11 Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb (Class III Malocclusion)

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

36

aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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58

DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

20

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwcopyUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

ev DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi Inscisal Edge GDaggerK AcDaggerii DcDaggeri Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| hvDaggerK

Edge To Edge Bite eDaggerj|

Knotvm 3 gumlvjAKnotzmb

12 Zvjy KvUv I daggerVvuU KvUv t

GwU GKwU RbyenMZ mgmumlv ADaggerbDaggerK iumlay daggerVvU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv Avevi ADaggerbDaggerK Dfq

mgmumlv wbDaggerqB RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| AwfAacute wPwKrmKebdquoDaggerrsaquo`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutevi gvaumlDaggerg mwVK

mgDaggerq mwVK wPwKrmv w`Daggerq daggerVvuU I Zvjy KvUv fvDaggerjv Kiv AvRKvj daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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34

Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

36

aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

21

Zvjy KvUv

daggerVvuU KvUv

DcDaggerii AvDaggerjvPbvq Avwg wKQy mgmumlv Lye mnR fvlvq AvcbvDagger`i eySvDaggerZ daggerPoacutev KDaggeriwQ|

GmKj mgmumlvi mswparaszlig weeiY wfZDaggerii cOumlwZwU AaumlvDaggerq dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev KiwQ|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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55

OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

22

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PROF IIDA JUN ICHI RO DR SAGOR amp

PROF TT YAMAMOTO AT KOREA

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

23

At IADR Seminar USA

Avcwb nqDaggerZvev Avcbvi wbDaggerRi A_ev daggerKvb wcOumlqRDaggerbi AvuKv evuKv `vuZ wbDaggerq LyeB

`ywethšmdashvMOumlmacr mdash| mywPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg Orthodontist AvcbvDaggerK GB `ywethšmdashv dagger_DaggerK gysup3 KiDaggerZ

cvDaggerib| wKšlsquo Avcwb wK RvDaggerbb daggerKb `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPz bxPz nq Avmyb bxDaggerPi AvDaggerjvPbvi

gvaumlDaggerg Avgiv cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy GB cOumlkœwUi DEumli LyuDaggerR daggerbB|

wewfbœ wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv wewfbœfvDaggere `vuZ AvuKv-evuKv nevi KviY mg~nDaggerK daggerkordfYxetimes

KDaggeriDaggerQb| AvcbvDagger`i Rvbvi myweavDagger_copy Lye mnR fvlvq `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi KviY mg~n wbDaggerP

dagger`qv njt

1| RbyenMZ KviY t K) wkiuml hw` daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| L) wkiumli

RDaggerbyeni mgq gv_vq AvNvZ daggercDaggerj| M) wewfbœ JlDaggerai cvkbrvbarcopy cOumlwZmicroqvi Rbuml|

2| eskMZ KviDaggerYt daggerPvqvj Lye daggerewk eo ev daggerQvU nDaggerj| daggerPvqvDaggerj me `vuZ aDaggeri

ivLvi gZ chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKDaggerj|

3| niDaggergvDaggerbi wewfbœ mgmumlv daggerhgbt Cretinism acromegali _vKDaggerj|

4| daggerPvqvj ev `vuDaggerZi bxDaggerP daggerKvb wUDgvi _vKDaggerj ev AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

5| fyj ctimeswZDaggerZ Lvevi wMjDaggerj (Improper Swallowing)|

6| gyDaggerL daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

7| `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZ Amacr^vfvweK nDaggerj|

8| gyDaggerL AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj|

9| DaggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi gDaggerauml jydegvwqZ _vKDaggerj|

10| wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya `vuZ daggerdDaggerj w`Daggerj|

11| `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ciI ADaggerbKw`b aDaggeri gyDaggerL Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggerj|

12| macrrsquovqx daggerKvb `vuZ bv _vKDaggerj|

13| macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix KiDaggerj|

14| AvNvZ daggercDaggerj|

15| DaggerKvb `vuZ mnRfvDaggere DVDaggerZ euml_copy nDaggerj|

16| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qv cOumlfbdquowZ AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi

cOumlavb KviYmg~nDaggerZv RvbDaggerjb| Avmyb bv Rvbv AacutevbUvDaggerK KvDaggerR jvMvB| DcDaggerivsup3

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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41

daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

24

KviYmg~n hw` KvDaggeriv gvDaggerS dagger`LDaggerZ cvB ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY

KiDaggerZ ewj|

hLb KvDaggeriv gv_vq PzDaggerji cwigvb macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ Kg _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK KZB bv

`ywethšmdashv MOumlmacr mdash dagger`Lvq| gv_vi Pzjwenxb dvuKv macrrsquovb wKfvDaggere `~i Kiv hvq Zv wbDaggerq daggerhb wPšmdashvi daggerkl

_vDaggerK bv| wVK daggerZgwbfvDaggere wKQy gvbyDaggerli `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv dagger`Lv hvq| ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcirc

Zviv Abuml gvbyDaggerli mvgDaggerb K_v ejDaggerZ GgbwK cOumlvb LyDaggerj nvmDaggerZI Amacr^wmacrmdash daggereva KDaggeri| hviv dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi mgmumlv fyMDaggerQb ZvDagger`i `ywethšmdashvi w`b daggerkl| ADagger_copyvWbwUKm wPwKrmvi KjumlvDaggerb dvuKv

`vuDaggerZi wPwKrmv GLb Avi daggerKvb mgmumlvB bq|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy

wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

25

mvaviY ADagger_copy Spacing ejDaggerZ Avgiv dvuKv macrrsquovb eywS| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq hLb

g yDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMv _vDaggerK ZLb ZvDaggerK Spacing eDaggerj|

cOumlKviDaggerf` t Spacing `yB aiDaggerYi nDaggerq _vDaggerK|

1) Generalized Spacing daggerPvqvDaggerji me ev AwaKvsk `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv

_vKDaggerj|

2) Localized Spacing `yB ev ZDaggerZvwaK `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj|

DcDaggerii cvwUi mvgDaggerbi `ywU `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerj ZvDaggerK Median

Diastema eDaggerj|

Spacing ev dvuKvi KviY t

1 daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq `vuDaggerZi AvKvi hw` daggerQvU nq

2 RbyenMZfvDaggere daggerKvb `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKDaggerj|

3 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj|

4 DaggerKvb `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AwZ paraz`ordf nDaggerj|

5 `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerj|

6 wmdivide wUDgvi _vKDaggerj|

7 wRnŸv eo _vKDaggerj| (macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ)

8 `vuZ wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerMDaggerj

9 GQvov daggerVuvU ev MvDaggerji KviDaggerY A_ev AwZwisup3 daggerKvb `vuZ gyDaggerL _vKDaggerj Zv cvDaggerki

`vuZDaggerK Pressure w`Daggerq mwiDaggerq Spacing KDaggeri|

Spacing wKfvDaggere wbYcopyq Kiv nq t

K) DaggerivMxi gyL MnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

L) DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZiƒc ev Model dagger`DaggerL

M) x-ray dagger`DaggerL|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

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8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

26

Spacing Gi Amyweav mg~nt

duvKv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI daggerivMxi Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv K_v ejvi

mgq daggerKvb daggerKvb katilde macruacuteoacutefvDaggere D‛PviDaggerY mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt

Spacing Gi wPwKrmv Kivi c~Daggerecopy daggerivMxi BwZnvm fvDaggerjvfvDaggere RvbDaggerZ nDaggere Ges

Spacing Gi mcurrencentveuml KviY mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggerZ nDaggere| hw` daggerivMxi Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK

hvi Rbuml `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv RvqMvi mbdquowoacute nDagger‛Q ZDaggere daggermB Afumlvm ev` dagger`qvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| ZviciI hw` daggerivMx Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere Habit breaking

appliance eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere| daggerKvb

TumourCyst _vKDaggerj Zv AcmviY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Spacing hw` Lye mvgvbuml cwigvDaggerY nq

Ges daggerivMxi hw` daggerKvb AwfDaggerhvM bv _vDaggerK ZDaggere wPwKrmv bv KivDaggerj I PDaggerj| ZDaggere Spacing

ADaggerbK daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontics wPwKrmv jvMDaggere| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri

wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wK aiDaggerYi wPwKrmv w`Daggereb| Spacing wVK Kivi Rbuml yB aiDaggerYi hšiquest ev

appliance use Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Removable Appliance)

Orthodontist `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ Fixed KDaggeri Appliance wU jvwMDaggerq w`Daggereb

(Fixed appliance) hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggerebv|

hw` `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mvgvbuml dvuKv _vDaggerK ZDaggere `vuDaggerZi iDaggerOi mvDagger_ wgwjDaggerq Filling Kiv

daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

GQvov gyDaggerLi Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS KhellipwIcircg `vuZ ewmDaggerq I Spacing Correction Kiv hvq| DaggerZv

Avcbvi hw` _vDaggerK dvuKv `vuDaggerZi mgmumlv ZDaggere PDaggerj Avmyb AwfAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ| wPwKrmv

KwiDaggerq `vuDaggerZi dvuKv wVK Kisbquob cOumlvY LyDaggerj nvmyb Avi nDaggerq DVyb AvKlcopyYxq|

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mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

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8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

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gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

27

mvaviYfvDaggere Crowding ejDaggerZ daggerKvb wKQyi AvwaKumlDaggerK daggerevSvq| wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi

fvlvq gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv _vKvi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi macr^vfvweK webumlvm evavMOumlmacrrsquo nDaggerq daggerh

wekbdquoldquoLjZv mbdquowoacute nq ZvDaggerK Crowding eDaggerj|

KviYmg~nt wewfbœ KviDaggerY gyDaggerL Crowding nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Zvi gDaggerauml DDaggerjshyLDaggerhvMuml

KviYmg~n bxDaggerP Dagger`qv njt

1 gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi AvKvi AvKhellipwZi mvgAumlmuml bv _vKDaggerj|

2 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj|

3 `ya `vuZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi ADaggerbK AvDaggerM cDaggero daggerMDaggerj

4 macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVDaggerZ dagger`ix nDaggerj

5 AvNvZ daggercDaggerj

6 DaggerKvb `vuZ evowZ _vKDaggerj

7 Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

28

8 daggerPvqvj macr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes bv daggercDaggerj

Crowding wbYcopyqt

1 daggerivMxi gyLMnŸi chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri|

2 DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Model ev cOumlwZiƒc dagger`DaggerL

3 GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL|

Crowding Gi djvdj t

`vuDaggerZi Dci cOumlfvet Gi dDaggerj `vuZ Zvi wbDaggerRi mwVK Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK NyDaggeri daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri

`vuZ daggernDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri GgbwK daggerKvb daggerKvb `vuZ bvI DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Dci cOumlfve t

1 DaggerivMx mvgvwRKfvDaggere wewfbœ mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

2 DaggermŠrsaquo`hcopynvwb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

3 `vuZ wVKgZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ bv cvivi KviDaggerY `vuZ I gvwoi wewfbœ daggerivDaggerM Avmicrovšmdash

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

4 nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmv t

1 cOumlwZDaggerivag~jK eumlemacrrsquovt

hw` daggerivMxi cwievDaggeri KvDaggeriv `vuDaggerZ Crowding _vDaggerK ZDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist-Gi chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ covi mwVK mgq bv Avmv chcopyšmdash `ya `vuZDaggerK msiparaY Kivi daggerPoacutev KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggerKvb paraqDaggerivM dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerZ daggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml

boacute bv nq|

Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj ZumlvM KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

`ya `vuZ mwVK mgDaggerq bv coDaggerj Zv wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerq daggerdDaggerj dagger`qvi eumlemacrrsquov KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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32

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

29

gyDaggerL evowZ daggerKvb `vuZ _vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere avivevwnKfvDaggere wbw`copyoacute wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere hvDaggerK

wPwKrmv weAacutevDaggerbi fvlvq Serial extraction ejv nq|

2 msDaggerkvab g~jK eumlemacrrsquov t

K) DaggerPvqvDaggerji bull`Ncopyuml evovDaggerbv

DaggerPvqvjDaggerK cOumlmvwiZ Kiv

mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK wKQyUv DuPz Kiv

Daggergvjvi `vuZDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerUDaggerb Daggerbqv

vuDaggerZi AvKvi daggerQvU KDaggeri daggerdjv

`vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjv t

Crowding Gi cwigvY Lye daggerewk nDaggerj Orthodontist wVK KiDaggereb daggerKvb `vuZwU

daggerdjDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

Crowding Lye daggerewk nDaggerj ev gvSvwi aiDaggerYi nDaggerj Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggerq

Removable ev Fixed daggerh daggerKvb GK aiDaggerYi appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggereb|

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30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

40

daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

42

DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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58

DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

30

Avgiv hLb Kvgo dagger`B ZLb DcDaggerii cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi cOumlwZwU `vuDaggerZi

msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy AvDaggerm| wKšlsquo daggerKvb KviDaggerY hw` DcDaggerii cvwUcopyi `vuZ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi msmacruacuteDaggerkcopy bv

AvDaggerm Ges Gi dDaggerj DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi cvwUcopyi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS mecopy`v dvuKv macrrsquovb _vDaggerK Ges gyL

mcurrenuacute~YcopyiƒDaggerc eUuml bv nq ZDaggere ZvDaggerK Open Bite eDaggerj|

mvaviYfvDaggere Open Bite ejDaggerZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi

Kvgo bv jvMvDaggerK daggerevSvq|

Open bite mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ ev wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Open Bite Gi KviY

mg~nt Avfrac12yj weDaggerkl KDaggeri ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Open bite nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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32

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

31

wRnŸv macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ eo _vKDaggerj ev hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjvavdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm

_vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS _vDaggerK ev wRnŸv hw` memgq wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZi

DcDaggerii AsDaggerk (occlusal surface) -G _vDaggerK ZDaggere Open Bite nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

G Qvov daggerivMx hw` Bony Dysplasia Congenital wmwdwjm BZumlvw` daggerivDaggerM fyDaggerM

_vDaggerK ZDaggereI Open bite Gi mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wPwKrmvt Open bite Gi wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml mecopycOuml_g daggerivMxDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOuml_Daggerg Open bite nevi KviY

mg~n LyuDaggerR daggerei KiDaggereb| hw` daggerivMxi Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK

ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm `~i Kivi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb

KDaggerib ZDaggere Gme Afumlvm ~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance)

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib daggerivMxDaggerK|

Open bite hw` gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj hvq ZDaggere Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontic

appliance eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri hv Fixed ev Removable daggerh daggerKvb iKgB

nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

hw` daggerPvqvDaggerji nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Open bite dagger`Lv hvq Ges daggerivMxi eqm hw` 6-12 eQi

nq ZDaggere Chin cap (Chin cap bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi ev bxDaggerPi w`DaggerKi ebdquowtimes

nIqvDaggerK cOumlwZDaggeriva KDaggeri) Gi mvDagger_ High pull head gear eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerivMxi Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nevi ci Ges macrrsquovqx `vuZ me DVvi ci daggerPvqvDaggerji Amacr^vfvweK

ebdquowtimesRwbZ KviDaggerY daggerh Open bite nq Zv wVK Kivi Rbuml Surgery Kiv DaggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq KvDaggeriv Open bite Gi mgmumlv _vKDaggerj AvovDaggerj Zvi mgvDaggerjvPbv bv

KDaggeri AvgvDagger`i mKDaggerji DwPZ ZvDaggerK GKRb AwfAacute Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ

ejv| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cieZcopyx KiYxq mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy ejDaggerZ cviDaggereb| Zvui

civgkcopy Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY KiDaggerj Open bite wbivgq Kiv mcurrencente|

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`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

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2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

32

`šmdash wPwKrmv weAacutevbxiv Class II Malocclusion DaggerK `yB fvDaggerM fvM KDaggeriDaggerQb|

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion

2 Class II division 2 malocclusion

1 Class II division 1 malocclusion t

hw` KvDaggeriv daggerclY `vuDaggerZi mcurrenuacuteKcopy (Molar relation) Class II _vDaggerK Ges DcDaggerii

DaggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZ cedilDaggerjv DPz _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv Class II Division 1 Gi Ašmdashfycopysup3|

Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK

(Convex profile) DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ daggerewk daggerXDaggerK ivDaggerL

DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK daggerewk mvgDaggerb Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| `vuZ DuPz nevi KviDaggerY

daggerivMx ADaggerbK mgq `yB daggerVuvU eUuml KiDaggerZ cvDaggeribv|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

36

aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

38

myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

40

daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

33

2 Class II division 2 Malocclusion

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc Molar Relation Class II _vKDaggere A_copyvr DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev

Molar `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji 1g daggerclY ev Molar `vuDaggerZi dagger_DaggerK macr^vfvweDaggerKi PvBDaggerZ mvgDaggerb

Aemacrrsquovb KiDaggere|

GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerivMxi DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi `vuZcedilDaggerjv wKQyUv wfZDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb

KiDaggere| mvaviYZ DcDaggerii I bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj GKB iKg AemacrrsquovDaggerb _vKDaggere (Straight Profile)

DcDaggerii `vuZcedilDaggerjv bxDaggerPi `vuZcedilDaggerjvDaggerK cyDaggerivUv daggerXDaggerK ivLDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`ix bv KDaggeri GKRb Orthodontist daggerK Rvbvb|

Orthodontist wewfbœ chcopyDaggereparaY KDaggeri wPwKrmv ctimeswZ wVK KiDaggereb|

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Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

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daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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55

OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

34

Avcbvi AvDaggerk cvDaggerki gvbylcedilDaggerjvDaggerK GKUz fvDaggerjvfvDaggere jpara KiDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggereb daggerewki

fvM gvbyDaggerliB DcDaggeri daggerPvqvj Ges DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji

`vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ mvgvbuml GKUz mvgDaggerb _vDaggerK| Ges GUvB nDaggerjv macr^vfvweK| wKšlsquo wKQy gvbyDaggerli

daggerparaDaggerIcirc Gi DDaggereumlvUv dagger`Lv dagger`q| A_copyvr ZvDagger`i bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZ mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK _vDaggerK DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj ev DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuDaggerZi PvBDaggerZ| GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi

fvlvq eDaggerj Class III malocclusion|

wPwKrmvi c~Daggerecopy wPwKrmvi cDaggeri

`yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| 1Uv nDaggerjv `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY| GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii

cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

35

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DaggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuZ DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere| AbumlwU nDaggerjv nvDaggeroi

MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY| G daggerparaDaggerIcirc bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji daggerPDaggerq mvgDaggerb _vKDaggere|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion `yB iKDaggergi nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

nvDaggeroi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion ZLbB nq hLb DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb Kg

nq ev wcQDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb daggerewk nq ev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK nq ev Dfq

KviDaggerYB| eskMZ KviDaggerYI Class III malocclusion nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK|

Class III malocclusion Daggerhme daggerivMxi AvDaggerQ ZvDagger`i DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU Ges

msKzwPZ _vDaggerK Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj eo _vDaggerK| GDagger`i wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj daggerQvU _vKvi KviDaggerY DcDaggerii cvwUi `vuZ AvuKv-evKv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Ges bxDaggerPi

`vuDaggerZi gvDaggerS dvuKv _vKDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

daggerKvb daggerivMx hw` Gme mgmumlv wbDaggerq Orthodontist -Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb ZDaggere

Orthodontist ZvDaggerK cixparav KiDaggereb Ges wKQy cOumlDaggerqvRbxq GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb| cDaggeri daggerivMxi

`vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquovb dagger`DaggerL GmiddotDaggeri dagger`DaggerL Orthodontist wmtimesvšmdash wbDaggereb wKfvDaggere wPwKrmv KiDaggerj

daggerivMx mDaggerecopyvEumlg djvdj cvq|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion nq ZDaggere Orthodontic

Treatment A_copyvr iumlaygvIcirc Brace cwoDaggerqB wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere evošmdash ev cwiYZ daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB| ZDaggere Lye daggerewk eqDaggerm wPwKrmv KivDaggerj wPwKrmvi mgq daggereDaggero hvDaggere|

hw` evošmdash eqDaggerm nvDaggeroi MVDaggerbi KviDaggerY Class III malocclusion dagger`Lv dagger`q ZDaggere

DcDaggerii daggerPvqvjDaggerK mvgDaggerb Avbvi Rbuml ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvjDaggerK wcQDaggerb daggerbqvi Rbuml daggerivMxDaggerK wewfbœ

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aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

36

aiDaggerYi hšiquest dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri eumlenvDaggerii Rbuml| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Face Mask Chin Cap DDaggerjshyL

daggerhvMuml|

hw` cwiYZ eqDaggerm gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerqi Class III malocclusion hv nvDaggerii MVDaggerbi

KviDaggerY nDaggerqDaggerQ Zvi wPwKrmv KiDaggerZ ZDaggere kjuml wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

37

evBgumlvmiddot

evBgvmiddot `y aiDaggerbi nq| evBgumlvwmiddotjvix cOumlUzordfmb Ges evBgumlvwmiddot jvix cOumlwKnotDaggerbmb| wK KwVb

katilde| Avmyb Lye mnDaggerR daggerRDaggerb daggerbB `uvZ I gvwoi Avi GK mgmumlv hvi bvg evBgvmiddot|

evBgumlvmiddot mgmumlvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc DcDaggerii Ges bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj wKsev `uvZ wKsev DfqB mvgDaggerbi

w`DaggerK DPzu _vDaggerK| dDaggerj dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv daggerVvU DPzu nDaggerq _vKv GgbwK gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ

cviv mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

mvavibZ `uvZ hw` Zzjbvg~jK fvDaggere eo GgbwK daggerPvqvj jcurren^v wKsev daggerXvK wMjvi mgq

wRnev mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK Amacr^vfvweK fvDaggere `uvZDaggerK mvgDaggerbi w`DaggerK daggerVjv w`Daggerj GB aiDaggerbi mgmumlv nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| NveovDaggerbvi wKQzB daggerbB GB mgmumlvi mgvavb Lye myrsaquo`i KDaggeri GK AwfAacute ADagger_copyDaggerWbwUdivide

w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib| gDaggerb ivLDaggerZ nDaggere cOumlv_wgK Aemacrrsquovq GB mgmumlvi mgvavb KiDaggerj ZZUv RwUjZv nq

bv| eDaggerqvmwUuml KvDaggerji c~Daggere eDaggerqvmmwUuml KvDaggerji mgq Ges cDaggeri wPwKrmv eumlemacrrsquov cbdquo_K cbdquo_K nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

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daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

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myrsaquo`Daggerii c~Rvix mKDaggerjB ZvB GB mgmumlv mgvavb KDaggeri

Avcwb nDaggerq DVyb myrsaquo`i `uvZ I nvwmi AwaKvix

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

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daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

39

daggerMR `vuZ(High Canine) DPz KZcopyb `vuZ t

AvgvDagger`i gyDaggerL eqm 5 eQi chcopyšmdash daggerh 20 wU `vuZ _vDaggerK Zvi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ

_vDaggerK| eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ 20wU `ya `vuZ hLb cDaggero wMDaggerq macrrsquovqx `vuZ DDaggerV ZLbI daggergvU

32wU `vuDaggerZi gDaggerauml 4wU KZcopyb `vuZ _vDaggerK| G KZcopyb `uvZcedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi 4wU daggerKvbvq AewmacrrsquoZ| ZvB

GDagger`iDaggerK Corner Stone of mouth eDaggerj| bvg iumlbDaggerjB daggerevSv hvq G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Lv`uml`ordfeumlDaggerK

KZcopyb KiDaggerZ Ges wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri| G `vuZ cedilDaggerjv ADaggerbK kwsup3kvjx| KviY G `vuDaggerZi

GbvDaggergDaggerji cyisbquoZiexcl Daggerewk Ges mvgDaggerbi 4wU `vuDaggerZi (Pecopyb `vuZ-Incisor tooth) ciciB

AewmacrrsquoZ| daggerKvb daggerKvb mgq wewfbœ KviY ekZt G `vuZcedilDaggerjv Zvi wbDaggerRi Aemacrrsquovb dagger_DaggerK wfbœ

AemacrrsquovDaggerb dagger`Lv hvq| hw` G `vuZcedilDaggerjv gvwoi gDaggerauml ev DcDaggerii w`DaggerK Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri ZLb ZvDaggerK

High Canine ev daggerMR `vuZ ejv nq| Avevi KLDaggerbv GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv Zvjyi w`K w`Daggerq DDaggerV|

ZLb GB AemacrrsquovDaggerK Palataly placed canine eDaggerj| Avevi KLDaggerbv I gvwo ev Zvjyi wfZDaggeri

G `vuZ Aemacrrsquovb KDaggeri| ZLb ZvDaggerK Impacted Canine ejv nq| GB `vuZ cedilDaggerjv gyDaggerLi gDaggerauml

AZxe Risbquoix PviwU `vuZ| GB `vuZ daggerhgb Lv`uml`ordfeuml KZcopyb I wQuoDaggerZ mvnvhuml KDaggeri cvkvcvwk

40

daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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55

OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

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daggerPvqvDaggerji bovPovDaggerK wbqšiquestY KDaggeri| GB `vuZDaggerK Beauty tooth I ejv nq| ZvB G `vuDaggerZi

mvwietimesfvDaggere webumlvm LyeB Risbquoix|

DcDaggeri ewYcopyZ daggerh KDaggerqKwU mgmumlv ZzDaggerj aiv nDaggerjv G mgmumlvcedilDaggerjvi mgvavb LyeB Risbquoix|

hw` daggerKD GiKg daggerKvb mgmumlvq fyDaggerM _vDaggerKb ZDaggere AwfAacute Orthodontist -B nDaggerZ cvDaggeri

Avcbvi myrsaquo`i nvwm wdwiDaggerq dagger`qvi cig eUumlz|

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daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

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DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

41

daggerVvuU KvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerki wkiumlDagger`i GKwU AbumlZg

mgmumlv| wewfbœ MDaggerelYvq dagger`Lv wMDaggerqDaggerQ cOumlwZ 700 RDaggerb 1 Rb daggerVvuU KvUv Ges cOumlwZ 1000 RDaggerb

1 Rb wkiuml Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| daggerVvuU KvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggerQDaggerj wkiumlDagger`i Ges

ZvjyKvUv daggerewk dagger`Lv hvq daggergDaggerq-wkiumlDagger`i gvDaggerS|

wewfbœ KviDaggerY wkiuml daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri _vDaggerK| kZKiv 25 fvM daggerparaDaggerIcirc

GUv eskMZ KviDaggerY nDaggerq _vDaggerK| hw` 1 Rb ZvjyKvUv daggerivMx 1 Rb mymacrrsquo gvbylDaggerK weDaggerq KDaggeri ZDaggere

ZvDagger`i ev‛Pvi ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kivi mcurrencentvebv kZKiv 2 fvM|

Mfcopyvemacrrsquovi cOuml_g fvDaggerM gv hw` daggerKvb fvBivj BbDaggerdKkDaggerb Avmicrovšmdash nq ev kvixwiKfvDaggere

AvNvZcOumlvszlig nq ev niDaggergvDaggerbi fvimvgumlnxbZvq fyDaggerM ev wfUvwgDaggerbi AfvDaggere fyDaggerM _vDaggerK ev

daggeriwWDaggerqkDaggerb GmiddotDaggercvR nq ev _umlvwjDaggerWvgvBW RvZxq Ilya MOumlnY KDaggeri ZDaggere wkiumli daggerVvuU ev

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri| KvDaggerQi AvZyenxq macr^RDaggerbi gvDaggerS weDaggerq nDaggerjI wkiuml G mgmumlv

wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

42

DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

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daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

42

DaggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq wkiuml RbyenMOumlnY KiDaggerj cwieviDaggerK bvbv aiDaggerYi mvgvwRK I gvbwmK

mgmumlvi mcurrensectyLxb nDaggerZ nq| wkiuml hLb GB mgmumlv wbDaggerq eo nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZLb daggermI gvbwmKfvDaggere

nxbgbumlZvq fyMDaggerZ _vDaggerK| G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i dagger`LDaggerZ Amyrsaquo`i jvMv QvovI Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ K_v

ejDaggerZ I iumlbDaggerZ mgmumlv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| `vuDaggerZi mgmumlvi gDaggerauml hv nDaggerZ cvDaggeri Zvi gDaggerauml AbumlZg

nDagger‛Q-wewfbœ `vuZ AbycwmacrrsquoZ _vKv `vuZ wbDaggerRi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb bv DDaggerV gyDaggerLi Abuml daggerKvb RvqMvq

DVv evowZ wKQy `vuZ _vKv DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji MVb ksup3 bv nIqv `vuDaggerZi MVb myrsaquo`i bv nIqv

gvwoi wewfbœ mgmumlv `vuZ AvuKv evuKv ev DuPy-bxPz nIqv|

daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv daggerivMxDagger`i wPwKrmv weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmKDagger`i `jetimes cOumlDaggerPoacutev Qvov mcurrencente

bq| GDagger`i gDaggerauml Orthodontist Gi f~wgKv iumlisbquo nq ev‛Pvi RDaggerbyeni ci ciB| daggerhDaggernZz daggerVvuU I

ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ mgmumlv nq daggermRbuml wkiumli RDaggerbyeni ci ciB

gyDaggerLi wfZi covi Rbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b daggerhb wkiumli daggerLDaggerZ

daggerKvb mgmumlv bv nq|

kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wkiumli 3-6 gvm eqDaggerm daggerVvuU I 1-2 eQi eqDaggerm Zvjy wVK KiDaggerZ

nDaggere GKRb AwfAacute kjuml wPwKrmK Oslashviv| kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg daggerVvuU I Zvjy wVK Kivi ci

wkiumli DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj hvDaggerZ msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GK aiDaggerYi

Appliance ev hšiquest bullZwi KDaggeri dagger`b|

wkiumli Mixed dentition stage (6-12 eQi eqm) -G gyDaggerL daggerKvb AwZwisup3 `vuZ

_vKDaggerj Zv daggerdDaggerj dagger`qv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GQvov mvgDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ Cross bite _vKDaggerj mvgDaggerbi `vuZ

AvuKv evKv _vKDaggerj ev Molar ev daggerclY `vDaggerZi Relation wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist

hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere Removable ev Fixed appliance w`Daggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo

KiDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

me macrrsquovqx `vuZ PDaggerj Avmvi ci macrrsquovqxfvDaggere daggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Kvgo (Occlusion

improve) wVK Kivi Rbuml Fixed ev Removable appliance w`Daggerq Orthodontist

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb Ges daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLDaggereb|

GB mgDaggerq gyDaggerLi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyDaggerK wVK Kivi Rbuml cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj Bony Graft Kiv daggerhDaggerZ

cvDaggeri| Gi dDaggerj Orthodontic treatment Gi daggerh djvdj ZvI Aparazbœ _vKDaggere|

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daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

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daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

43

daggerivMxDaggerK chcopyDaggereparaDaggerY ivLvi ci Orthodontist hw` cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KDaggerib ZDaggere daggerivMxDaggerK

Permanent Retainer bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv daggerivMxDaggerK me mgq cDaggero _vKDaggerZ nDaggere|

Amacrlsaquovi weRqx DaggerRvqvDaggerKb wdwbmiddot RDaggerbyeni mgq daggerVvuU KvuUv wQj

daggerVvuU KuvUv ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv daggerKvb Awfkvc bq| mwVK wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg

GDaggerK mvwiDaggerq daggerZvjv mcurrencente| `iKvi iumlay mevi mDaggerPZbZv Avi mwVK mgDaggerq weDaggerklAacute wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri daggerm Abyhvqx eumlemacrrsquov MOumlnY Kiv|

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ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

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KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

44

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerKvb eqDaggerm iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ Zv AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKiB ARvbv|

ADaggerbK AwffveKB eySDaggerZ cvDaggerib bv wkiumli ADagger_copyvWbwUK mgmumlvi Rbuml daggerKvb eqDaggerm

Orthodontist Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| AAacutevbZvi Rbuml ev Abuml daggerKvb wOslashav-OslashDaggerrsaquo`i

KviDaggerY Zviv ADaggerbK mgqB ADaggerbK dagger`ix KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ AvDaggermb wPwKrmvi

Rbuml| dDaggerj wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc wPwKrmvi eumlvwszligKvj daggereDaggero hvq| wKQyDaggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK

chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc dagger`Lv hvq mgmumlvwU gvivZyenK chcopyvDaggerq PDaggerj wMDaggerqDaggerQ| wKQy daggerparaDaggerIcirc

wPwKrmvi djvdj Avkvbyiƒc nq bv| KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv KZUv

Risbquoix| GLb Avwg ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi eqm mxgv wbDaggerq AvDaggerjvPbv KDaggeri AvcbvDagger`i

wKQyUv nDaggerjI aviYv dagger`qvi daggerPoacutev Kie|

AvgvDagger`i dagger`Daggerk ADaggerbK wkiumlB daggerVvuU ev Zvjy KvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY KDaggeri| Kzmsmacrlsaquoviv‛Qbœ

gvbyliv GDaggerK Awfkvc ev fvDaggerMumli wjLb gDaggerb KDaggeri nvZ cv cedilwUDaggerq eDaggerm _vDaggerK daggerKvb wPwKrmDaggerKi

civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri bv| wKšlsquo gDaggerb ivLDaggereb daggerVvuU ev ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumli

AwffveKDagger`i DwPZ RDaggerbyeni ci ciB GKRb AwfAacute Orhodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY Kiv|

45

KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

46

grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

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KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

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GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

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daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

45

KviY G aiDaggerYi wkiumlDagger`i RDaggerbyeni ciB cOumlavb I cOuml_g daggerh mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q Zv nDaggerjv Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mgmumlv| Orthodontist Gmgq GKwU weDaggerkl daggercshyU bullZwi KDaggeri w`Daggereb hv wkiumlDaggerK Lvevi daggerLDaggerZ

mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml LyeB parawZKi GKwU Afumlvm|

mvaviYZ `yB dagger_DaggerK wZb eQi eqDaggermi gDaggerauml Avcbv Avcwb wkiuml G AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KDaggeri daggerdDaggerj|

wKšlsquo ZviciI hw` wkiuml AfumlvmwU ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere AwffveKDagger`i Gi parawZKi w`KwU

mcurrenuacuteDaggerKcopy wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerZ nDaggere Ges microgvMZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv PjDaggerZ _vKDaggerj wkiumlDaggerK GKRb

Orthodontist Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ nDaggere| Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj G AfumlvmwU

`~i Kivi Rbuml wKQy weDaggerkl hšiquest (Habit breaking appliance) bullZwi KDaggeri w`DaggerZ cvDaggerib

hvDaggerZ KDaggeri fwelumlDaggerZ Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi KviDaggerY wkiumli `vuDaggerZi webumlvm AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv hvq|

mvaviYZ 5-6 eQi eqm dagger_DaggerK wkiumlDagger`i `ya `vuZ coDaggerZ iumlisbquo KDaggeri| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK mgq

dagger`Lv hvq AvNvZ RwbZ paraq RwbZ ev Abuml daggerKvb daggerivDaggerMi KviDaggerY wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi AvDaggerMB `ya

`vuZ cDaggero hvq ev daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| `vuZ covi ci daggerh dvuKv RvqMvwU _vDaggerK daggerm RvqMvwU ZLb

`yB cvDaggerki `vuZ w`Daggerq eUuml nDaggerq hvq| dDaggerj rsquovqx `vuZ DVvi Rbuml chcopyvszlig RvqMv bv daggercDaggerq

Amacr^vfvweK daggerKvb RvqMvq `vuZ DDaggerV Ges `vuZ AvuKv evuKv nevi mcurrencentvebv daggereDaggero hvq| GB dvuKv

macrrsquovbwU hvDaggerZ cvDaggerki `vuZ Oslashviv eUuml bv nDaggerq hvq daggermRbuml Orthodontist GKwU weDaggerkl hšiquest bullZwi

KDaggeri w`Daggereb hvDaggerK Space maintainer eDaggerj| KvDaggerRB daggerKvb `ya`vuZ hw` Zvi wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi

AvDaggerM cDaggero hvq ZDaggere dagger`ix bv KDaggeri Orthodontist Gi mvDagger_ dagger`Lv Kisbquob|

ADaggerbK ev‛PvDagger`i dagger`Lv hvq DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj daggerewk evoDaggerQ ev hZUzKz evovi K_v

ZZUzKz evoDaggerQ bv| Gme daggerparaDaggerIcirc evošmdash eqDaggerm (6-12) Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggeri

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo Kiv DwPZ| Orthodontist daggerivMxDaggerK cixparav KDaggeri cOumlDaggerqvRb AbymvDaggeri Face

mask ev Chin cap eumlenvi KiDaggerZ w`Daggereb hv ev‛Pvi DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji ebdquowtimesDaggerK

mwVK AmacrrsquovDaggerb wbDaggerZ mnvqZv KiDaggere|

DaggerVuvU I ZvjyKvUv wbDaggerq RbyenMOumlnY Kiv wkiumlDagger`i daggerVvuU I Zvjy kjuml wPwKrmvi gvaumlDaggerg wVK

Kivi ci mwVK mgq Orthodontist Gmiddotcvbmb macrŒz (Expansion screw) ZvjyDaggerZ jvwMDaggerq

dagger`b hvDaggerZ DcDaggerii daggerPvqvj msKzwPZ bv nDaggerq hvq| G wkiumlDagger`i 8-10 eQi eqDaggerm bone

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grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

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`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

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ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

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daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

46

grafting Kivi Rbuml kjuml wPwKrmKDaggerK cOumlDaggerqvRbxq civgkcopy I mnvqZv w`Daggerq _vDaggerKb

Orthodontist|

6-12 eQi eqDaggerm hLb wkiumli gyDaggerL `ya I macrrsquovqx Dfq cOumlKvi `vuZ we`umlgvb ZLb hw`

`vuDaggerZ `uvDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo (Cross bite) daggerewk Kvgo (Deep bite) dagger`Lv hvq ZDaggere

Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRbxq eumlemacrrsquov wbDaggereb hvDaggerZ fwelumlDaggerZ KvgocedilDaggerjv AvDaggeriv Lvivc -Gi w`DaggerK

bv hvq|

`ya `vuZ me cDaggero hvevi ci I macrrsquovqx `vuZ DVvi ci AvuKv evuKv DuPz -bxPz `vuZ wVK

Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist Aemacrrsquov eyDaggerS Removable Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ

ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere) ev Fixed Appliance (hv daggerivMx wbDaggerR LyjDaggerZ ev coDaggerZ cviDaggere bv) w`Daggerq

wPwKrmv iumlisbquo KiDaggereb|

ADaggerbDaggerKiB gDaggerbB cOumlkœ _vDaggerK daggerh daggerewk eqDaggerm Orthodontic wPwKrmv Kiv hvDaggere wKbv|

hw` daggerivMxi `vuZ nvo I GDagger`i mvDagger_ mcurrenuacuteKcopyhysup3 structure cedilDaggerjv fvDaggerjv _vDaggerK ZDaggere daggerh daggerKvb

eqDaggermB ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv Kiv mcurrencente|

cOumlvszlig eqDaggerm hw` DcDaggerii ev bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvj hw` Amacr^vfvweKfvDaggere ebdquowtimes daggercDaggerq _vDaggerK ZDaggere Zv

wVK Kivi Rbuml Orthodontist cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj kjuml wPwKrmvi Oslashvimacrrsquo nDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi mdjZv wbfcopyi KDaggeri wPwKrmDaggerKi AwfAacuteZv daggerivMx I Zvi

AwffveDaggerKi mnDaggerhvwMZv I mwVK mgDaggerq wPwKrmv iumlisbquoi Dci|

gDaggerb ivLDaggereb mgDaggerqi GK daggerdvuo AmgDaggerqi `k daggerdvuo| mwVK mgDaggerq mwVK KvRwU KiDaggerj

Avcwb daggerh djvdj cvDaggereb dagger`ix KDaggeri KvRwU KiDaggerj daggermB djvdj Avcwb bvI daggercDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

Avcbvi daggerKvb wbKURDaggerbi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmvi cOumlDaggerqvRb nDaggerj mwVK mgDaggerq Orthodontist

Gi KvDaggerQ wbDaggerq wPwKrmv KivDaggerZ fyjDaggereb bv daggerhb|

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Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

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8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

47

Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq DaggerivMxi `vuDaggerZi Dci Bracket

ev Brace covDaggerbv _vDaggerK| Fixed Orthodontic Treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq

Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv wbDagger`kcopyvejx wVKgZ daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj wPwKrmv cieZcopyx RwUjZv dagger`Lv

dagger`evi mcurrencentvebv LyeB Kg|

Fixed Orthodontic treatment PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq gyL I `vuDaggerZi cOumlwZ weDaggerkl hZœ wbDaggerZ

nDaggere| daggerhme welDaggerqi Dci daggerewk daggerewk bRi ivLDaggerZ nDaggere Zv bxDaggerP dagger`qv nDaggerjvt

1 daggerhw`b daggerivMxi gyDaggerL Bracket emvDaggerbv nDaggere Zvici dagger_DaggerK 24 NrsaquoUv chcopyšmdash ksup3 Lvevi

LvIqv DwPZ bq| GDaggerZ Bracket LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri| H 24 NrsaquoUv Lye daggerRvDaggeri daggerRvDaggeri `vuZ

eordfvk Kiv I DwPZ bq| daggerivMx Orthodontist -Gi dagger`qv civgkcopy Abyhvqx `vuZ eordfvk

KiDaggere I macr^vfvweK Lvevi LvDaggere|

2 Bracket covDaggerbvi 2-3 w`b chcopyšmdash daggerivMxi GKUz Amacr^wmacrmdash nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| GDaggerZ fDaggerqi wKQy

daggerbB| gyDaggerL bZzb wKQy wRwbm emvDaggerbv nDaggerqDaggerQ 2-3 w`b ci Zv AfumlvDaggerm cwiYZ nDaggerq

hvDaggere|

3 cOumlwZevi Lvevi LvIqvi ci AekumlB `vuZ fvDaggerjvfvDaggere eordfvk KiDaggerZ nDaggere| mKvDaggerj I ivDaggerZ

daggerdnotvivBW hysup3 Uz_Daggercdivide w`Daggerq `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggere| Abumlvbuml mgq Uz_ daggercoacute Qvov eordfvk KiDaggerjI

PjDaggere|

4 cOumlwZ wZb (3) gvm ci ci Uz_eordfvk e`j KiDaggerZ nDaggere| Uz_eordfvDaggerki weordfmampjcedilDaggerjv daggerhb big

(Medium soft) nq Zv daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

5 Bracket ev appliance -Gi Dci bxDaggerP 45 daggerKvDaggerY eordfvk aDaggeri `vuZ eordfvk KiDaggerZ

nDaggere|

6 Lye daggerRvDaggeri Pvc w`Daggerq eordfvk Kiv hvDaggere bv| GDaggerZ KDaggeri Appliance LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

7 `vuDaggerZi daggerh cvDaggerk Appliance AvDaggerQ daggermB cvDaggerk Appliance -Gi Dci AvjDaggerZvfvDaggere

NywiDaggerq NywiDaggerq eordfvk KDaggeri `vuZ cwireglsaquovi KiDaggerZ nDaggere| `vuDaggerZi Abumlvbuml cvkcedilDaggerjvI daggerhb

fvDaggerjvfvDaggere cwireglsaquovi Kiv nq daggermw`DaggerK daggerLqvj ivLDaggerZ nDaggere|

48

8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

48

8 cOumlwZevi Lvevi Gi ci eordfvk Kiv mcurrencente bv nDaggerj LyefvDaggerjv KDaggeri KzjKzwP KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

9 `yB `vuDaggerZi gvDaggerSi gqjv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Dental Floss eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere|

DaggerKvb KvwV ev myuB w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerLvPvDaggerbv hvDaggere bv|

10 wRnŸv cwireglsaquovi Kivi Rbuml Tongue Cleanser eumlenvi Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

11 cOumlDaggerqvRDaggerb fvDaggerjv Mouth Wash eumlenvi KiDaggerZ nDaggere ZDaggerewPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy

Abyhvqx|

12 `vuDaggerZi gvwo Avfrac12yj w`Daggerq Massage Kiv daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

13 daggerKvb appliance daggerfDaggerfrac12 daggerMDaggerj ev LyDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ev Appliance Gi KviDaggerY gyDaggerL daggerKvb

mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj dagger`ix bv KDaggeri mDaggerfrac12 mDaggerfrac12 Orthondontist-Gi civgkcopy wbDaggerZ nDaggere|

14 wPwKrmv PjvKvjxb mgDaggerq ksup3 Lvevi (nvo AvL) LvIqv cwinvi KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv nDaggere|

15 AvVvDaggerjv RvZxq Lvevi (PzBs Mvg) LvIqv ev` w`DaggerZ nDaggere|

16 daggercqviv AvDaggercj ev daggerh daggerKvb ksup3 Lvevi Kvgo w`Daggerq bv daggerLDaggerq daggerQvU daggerQvU UzKiv KDaggeri

daggerLDaggerZ nDaggere|

17 Orthodontist DaggerhfvDaggere DaggerivMxDaggerK AvmDaggerZ ejDaggereb (1gvm ci ci) AekumlB Zv cvjb

KiDaggerZ nDaggere| bv nDaggerj daggerivMxi wPwKrmv daggerkl nDaggerZ wbw`copyoacute mgDaggerqi daggerewk jvMDaggere|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq AvuKv-evuKv DuPz-wbPz `vuZ wVK Kivi Rbuml daggerhgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb AwfAacute

Orthodontist Oslashviv mwVK wPwKrmv daggerZgwb cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerivMx Ges daggerivMxi AwffveDaggerKi

mnDaggerhvwMZv Ges Orthodontist -Gi civgkcopy Abyhvqx Pjv| ZDaggereB DaggerivMx wPwKrmv DaggerkDaggerl cvDaggere

KvwldquoparaZ myrsaquo`i `vuZ|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

49

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ eordfvwks

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mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

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daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

50

mwVK ctimeswZDaggerZ dnotwms

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

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CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

51

daggerQvAElig GKwU evMvDaggerb hw` ADaggerbKcedilDaggerjv MvQ daggereDaggero DVDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZDaggere ADaggerbK MvDaggerQi macr^vfvweK ebdquowtimes

weboacute nq Ges evMvbwU wKQyw`b ci Nb Rfrac12Daggerj cwiYZ nevi mcurrencentvebv _vDaggerK| ZLb hw` daggermLvb

dagger_DaggerK wKQy MvQ daggerKDaggerU daggerdjv nq ZDaggere evMvbwUi evKxMvQcedilDaggerjv iparav daggercDaggerq macr^vfvweKfvDaggere daggereDaggero

DVDaggere|

daggerZgwb gyDaggerLi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerh cwigvY RvqMv AvDaggerQ Zvi daggerPDaggerq hw` `vuDaggerZi msLumlv daggerewk wKsev

`vuZ Lye daggerekx AvuKv evKv DuPz `uvZ _vKDaggerj ZDaggere Zv wVK KDaggeri `vuZDaggerK mywebumlvmacrmdash myrsaquo`i KDaggeri

daggerZvjvi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgq daggerivMxi wKQy `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdDaggerj w`DaggerZ nq| wKšlsquo ADaggerbK daggerparaDaggerIcircB daggerivMx ev

Zvi AwffveK `vuZ daggerZvjvi K_v iumlbDaggerj fq cvq| Zviv fvDaggere `vuZ ZzDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ ADaggerbK euml_v

jvMDaggere ev daggerPvDaggerLi daggereordfBDaggerbi hw` daggerKvb parawZ nq| Zviv Orthodontist daggerK `vuZ bv ZzDaggerj

wPwKrmv Kivi Rbuml AbyDaggeriva KDaggeri _vDaggerK| wKšlsquo ZvDagger`i G mKj aviYv mcurrenuacute~Ycopy Ag~jK| `vuZ

ZzjDaggerj daggerPvDaggerLi ev daggereordfBDaggerbi daggerKvb parawZ nqbv| GKRb AwfAacute wPwKrmK ZvB KiDaggereb hv KiDaggerj

daggerivMxi wPwKrmv fvDaggerjvfvDaggere mcurrenuacutebœ nDaggere Ges daggerivMx I Zvi AwffveK mšlsquowoacute jvf KiDaggere| Avi

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM wbw copyoacute rsquovb fvDaggerjvfvDaggere Aek KDaggeri wbDaggerj Ges wPwKrmDaggerKi dagger`qv DcDagger`k `vuZ

daggerZvjvi w`b I cieZcopyx KDaggerqKw`b mwVKfvDaggere daggergDaggerb PjDaggerj `vuZ daggerZvjvi ci daggerivMxi daggerZgb daggerKvb

Amyweav nq bv ejDaggerjB PDaggerj|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

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daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

52

`vuZ daggerZvjvi AvDaggerM

`vuZ daggerZvjvi cDaggeri

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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55

OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

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Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

53

ADaggerbDaggerKB AvDaggerQb hviv ivDaggerZ NygvDaggerbvi AvDaggerM Ges mKvDaggerj bvmacrmdashv Lvevi ci `vuZ eordfvk

KDaggerib `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb mgmumlv dagger`Lv w`Daggerj Kvj wejcurren^ bv KDaggeri `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy MOumlnY KDaggerib

`vuDaggerZi mymacrrsquoZvi Rbuml hv hv `iKvi Zviv Zv-B KDaggerib| GmeB nDaggerjv fvDaggerjv Afumlvm hv `vuDaggerZi

Rbuml LyeB DcKvix|

wKšlsquo Ggb wKQy Afumlvm AvDaggerQ hv gyL I `vuDaggerZi macr^vDaggermacrrsquoumli Rbuml LyeB parawZKi| Gme

e`AfumlvDaggermi KviDaggerY `vuDaggerZi bvbv aiDaggerYi mgmumlv dagger`Lv dagger`q| GB AfumlvmcedilDaggerjvi gDaggerauml Avfrac12yj

daggerPvlv wRnŸampv w`Daggerq `vuZ avdegv ev daggerVjv dagger`Iqv daggerKvb mgmumlv bv _vKv mDaggerEumliexclI gyL w`Daggerq wbkbrvbarvm

daggerbqv daggerVvuU I bL KvgovDaggerbv AbumlZg|

wKQy wkiumlDagger`i ebdquotimesvfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK| evev gv hw` GUv daggerLqvj KDaggerib ZDaggere wkiumlDaggerK

eySvDaggerZ nDaggere daggerh Avfrac12yj daggerPvlv Lvivc| Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm _vKDaggerj DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DuPz nDaggerq hvq ADaggerbK mgq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bvI coDaggerZ cvDaggeri (Open bite) bxDaggerPi

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

54

daggerPvqvDaggerji `vuZcedilDaggerjv msKzwPZ nDaggerq daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri DcDaggerii `vuZ bxDaggerPi `vuZDaggerK hZUzKz daggerXDaggerK ivLv

DwPZ Zv KDaggerg daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

wkiumlDaggerK eySvDaggerbvi ci I hw` Avfrac12yj daggerPvlvi Afumlvm bv KDaggerg ZDaggere wkiumli 2-3 eQi eqm

chcopyšmdash ADaggercparav KiDaggerZ nDaggere| ADaggerbK mgq 3 eQi eqDaggermi ci wkiumli GB Afumlvm PDaggerj hvq|

ZviciI hw` wkiuml G Afumlvm ZumlvM KiDaggerZ bv cvDaggeri ZDaggere GKRb AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12

civgkcopy MOumlnY KiDaggerZ nDaggere| wPwKrmK `iKvi gDaggerb nDaggerj daggerKvb Appliance ev hšiquest w`Daggereb hv

wkiumlDaggerK GB Afumlvm `~i KiDaggerZ mvnvhuml KiDaggere|

wkiumli hw` wRnŸv w`Daggerq `vuZ daggerVjv dagger`qvi Afumlvm _vDaggerK ZDaggere DcDaggerii daggerPvqvDaggerji mvgDaggerbi

`vuZcedilDaggerjv DPuy nDaggerq hvq `vuDaggerZ `vuDaggerZ Kvgo bv coDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggerivMx gyL eUuml bv KiDaggerZ cvDaggeri

wcQDaggerbi `vuDaggerZ DDaggereumlv Kvgo coDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

cwiDaggerkDaggerl ejv hvq Avcbvi daggermvbvgwbi hw` Ggb daggerKvb Afumlvm _vDaggerK hv `vuDaggerZi Rbuml

parawZKi ZDaggere cOuml_DaggergB ZvDaggerK eySvb| ZvDaggerZ KvR bv nDaggerj Aemacrrsquov hvDaggerZ AvDaggeriv LvivDaggerci w`DaggerK bv

hvq daggermRbuml AwfAacute `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi mDaggerfrac12 civgkcopy Kisbquob|

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OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

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daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

55

OPG

AvgvDagger`i ADaggerbDaggerKi gvDaggerSB GB aviYv we`umlgvb daggerh `šmdash wPwKrmDaggerKi KvDaggerQ daggerMDaggerj Zviv

KviY QvovB GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ cvVvb| wKšlsquo G aviYv GDaggerKevDaggeriB wVK bq| mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM

wbYcopyDaggerqi Rbuml ADaggerbK mgqB wPKrmKDagger`i GmiddotDaggeri KiDaggerZ w`DaggerZ nq| ZDaggere GDagger`i gDaggerauml eumlwZmicrog I

AvDaggerQb ADaggerbDaggerK| hviv cOumlDaggerqvRb daggerfDaggereB wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy Abyhvqx GmiddotDaggeri KDaggerib|

OPG (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri)-Gi gvaumlDaggerg wPwKrmK gyDaggerL AewmacrrsquoZ `vuZ QvovI DcDaggerii I

bxDaggerPi daggerPvqvDaggerji Supporting Structure cedilDaggerjv dagger`LDaggerZ cvDaggerib| GcedilDaggerjv ADagger_copyvWbwUK

wPwKrmvi Rbuml LyeB cedilisbquoZiexclc~Ycopy| OPG-i gvaumlDaggerg `ya `vuZ me cDaggeroDaggerQ wKbv macrrsquovqx `vuZ me

DVDaggere wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ nvDaggeroi wfZi AvDaggerQ wKbv daggerKvb `vuZ daggerKvb cDagger_ DVDaggerZ cvDaggeri gyDaggerLi

wfZi daggerKv_vI daggerKvb evowZ `vuZ AvDaggerQ wKbv `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ nvDaggeroi Aemacrrsquov wK iKg Zv mnDaggerRB

dagger`Lv hvq|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

60

ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

56

CephalometryOtildei (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) gvaumlDaggerg `vuZ I nvDaggeroi MVb daggerVvuU wRnŸv

Zvjyi Aemacrrsquovb `vuZ nvo I mdU wUmyumli Amacr^vfvweKZv cOumlfbdquowZ dagger`DaggerL wPwKrmvi cwiKiacutebv Kiv

nq| hw` daggerivMxi daggerPvqvDaggerj daggerKvb mvRcopyvwii cOumlDaggerqvRb nq ZDaggere mvRcopyvwi Kivi AvDaggerM mwVK cwiKiacutebv

Kivi Rbuml Cephalometry dagger`Lv cOumlDaggerqvRb|

GQvov Hand wrist x-ray Oslashviv daggerQDaggerj daggergDaggerqDagger`i Growth mcurrenuacute~Ycopy nDaggerqDaggerQ wKbv Zv

daggerevSv hvq|

wKQy wKQy DaggerivMxDagger`i GDaggerparaDaggerIcirc daggerKvb `vuZ bv DDaggerV nvDaggeroi wfZi _vDaggerK| daggermme `vuDaggerZi

Aemacrrsquovb dagger`Lvi Rbuml occlusal view (GK aiDaggerYi GmiddotDaggeri) KiDaggerZ ejv nq| Orthodontist

x-ray Dagger`DaggerL cOumlDaggerqvRb gDaggerb KiDaggerj weDaggerkl wKQy Orthodontic appliance ev hDaggeršiquesti gvaumlDaggerg

H jydegvwqZ `vuZDaggerK daggerUDaggerb daggerei KDaggeri AvbDaggerZ cvDaggerib|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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58

DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

57

KvDaggerRB dagger`Lv hvDagger‛Q mwVKfvDaggere daggerivM wbYcopyq daggerivMxi gyL I `vuDaggerZi Aemacrrsquov mwVK

wPwKrmvctimeswZ cwiKiacutebvi Rbuml ADagger_copyvWbwmqvi daggerparaDaggerIcirc GmiddotDaggerii cedilisbquoZiexcl Acwimxg| ZDaggere

wPwKrmDaggerKi civgkcopy eumlvZxZ KLDaggerbvB GmiddotDaggeri KivDaggerbv DwPZ bq| ZvDaggerZ wnDaggerZ wecixZ nDaggerZ

cvDaggeri|

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58

DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

58

DEumlit numluv| Avcbvi `vuZ hw` nq AvuKv evuKv DPuy bxPz dvuKv ZvnDaggerj GB me mgmumlvi

macrrsquovqx mgvavb w`DaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm| hw` Gi GKwU mgmumlv I Avcbvi daggerbB ZviciI DEumli numluv|

Avcbvi DcDaggerii cvwU Ges bxDaggerPi cvwUi `vuDaggerZi mvDagger_ `vuDaggerZi Kvgo wVK Kivi Rbuml I cOumlDaggerqvRb

daggereordfm| daggereordfm iumlay `vuDaggerZi daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml evovq bv mvDagger_ mvDagger_ daggerPvqvj I daggerPnvivq daggermŠrsaquo`hcopyuml I evovq|

daggereordfm ADaggerbK aiDaggerYi nq AvKvDaggeri daggerQvU Ges eo daggergUvDaggerji wmivwgDaggerKi KDaggercurrenuacutevwRDaggerUi

cshyvwdivideDaggerKi daggereordfm nq| cOumlwZwbqZ weAacutevb I Zvi cOumlhywsup3i Dbœqb daggerhfvDaggere NUDaggerQ wVK daggerZgwb daggereordfm I

AvDaggerMi PvBDaggerZ ADaggerbK KgcopyKiDaggerZ mparag Ges dagger`LDaggerZ myrsaquo`i cvIqv hvDagger‛Q|

daggereordfm wK `vuDaggerZi parawZ KDaggeri

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

daggerbqvUv Risbquoix| wKQy weDaggerkl Dcvq Aejcurren^b KDaggeri `vuZ eordfvm KiDaggerZ nq daggereordfm _vKDaggerj| Avcbvi

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK AekumlB Zv wkwLDaggerq w`Daggereb Avi gDaggerb ivLDaggereb ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

PjvKvjxb mgq mvDagger_ Uz_eordfvm ivLvUv Risbquoix|

GZcedilDaggerjv mxgvetimesZv SvDaggergjv Zvici I hLb Avcbvi ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv daggerkl daggernDaggere

ZLb dagger`LDaggereb wekvj cwieZcopyb ZvigvDaggerb myrsaquo`i mymacr^vmacrrsquoumlKi SKSDaggerK nvuwm ADagger_copyvWbwUKm

wPwKrmv Qvov daggerKvDaggerbv weKiacute daggerbB|

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62

cOuml‛Q` I Ajfrac14iY

Daggergvt ucircgvq~b Kwei dqmvj

KDaggercurrenuacutevR

Zvwgg AvB wU GUcirc wcOumlwrsaquoUs daggercOumlm

274 4_copy daggerjBb bxjDaggerparaZ evKzkvn gvDaggerKcopyU XvKv-1205|

59

GK`gB bv daggereordfm GKaiDaggerYi AvVvDaggerjv emacrlsquo w`Daggerq `vuDaggerZ jvMvDaggerbv nq hv Lye mnDaggerRB `vuZ

dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kiv mcurrencente| hw` daggereordfm `vuZ dagger_DaggerK cbdquo_K Kivi mgq Avcbvi `vuDaggerZ `vM ev daggerKvb

cOumlKvi paraq mbdquowoacute nq ZvnDaggerj Zvi AbumlZg KviY nDagger‛Q gyL I `vuDaggerZi cwireglsaquovi cwi‛QbœZv wVKgZ

Kiv nqwb| ZvB daggerZv GKRb ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi ci AvcbvDaggerK gyL I `vuDaggerZi hZœ

wKfvDaggere KiDaggerZ nDaggere Zv eySvDaggereb| ZvnDaggerj eySDaggerZB cviDaggerQb wbDaggerRi myweavDagger_copy gyLI `vuZ cwireglsaquovi

ivLv Risbquoix|

daggereordfm wK `vuZ I gyDaggerLi eumlv_vi KviY

DEumlit numluv| daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbvi cOuml_g mszligvn Avcbvi `vuZ I Zvi PvicvDaggerki big

wUmyumlKjvDaggerZ eumlv_v Abyfe nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| Ggb wK Avcbvi daggereordfm Gi mvDagger_ daggerhme cvZjv Zvi

_vDaggerK daggermcedilDaggerjv Kvhcopyparag Kivi mgqI eumlv_v Abyf~Z nDaggerZ cvDaggeri| wKšlsquo bZzb GB hyDaggerMi fvDaggerjvi

daggereordfm eumlenvi KiDaggerj DcDaggerivsup3 mgmumlv dagger_DaggerK ADaggerbKLvwb cwiIcircvY mcurrencente| cyivZb daggereordfm ev AvDaggerMi

bullZix eo AvKvDaggerii daggereordfm hZUzKz eumlv_v `vuDaggerZ dagger`q Zvi daggerPDaggerq bZzbeZcopygvb hyDaggerMi daggereordfm Avcbvi

AvDaggerMi aviYv cvDaggereuml w`DaggerZ mparag| Avi GKwU K_v eqm evovi mvDagger_ mvDagger_ kixDaggerii nvo ksup3

nDaggerZ _vDaggerK ZvB Kg eqDaggermi Zzjbvq Avcwb hw` daggerekx eqDaggerm daggereordfm jvMvb ZvnDaggerj eumlv_vi Abyf~wZ

GKUz daggerekx nDaggere|

`vuDaggerZ daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv Aemacrrsquovq daggerLjva~jv Mvb Kiv I evuwk evRvDaggerbv wK mcurrencente

DEumlit numlvu mcurrencente daggerh mKj daggerLjva~jv KiDaggerj gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMvi mcurrencentvebv daggerbB daggerm mKj daggerLjvayjv

Kiv mcurrencente| dzUej nwK wmicroDaggerKU BZumlvw` daggerLjvayjvi mgq gvD_ MvWcopy cDaggeri daggerbqv fvDaggerjv| wKQy

wKQy daggerLjva~jv Kivi mgq gyDaggerL AvNvZ jvMDaggerZ cvDaggeri| ZvB daggereordfm A_ev G mKj daggerLjvayjvi gDaggerauml

GKwU daggereDaggerQ daggerbqvB DEumlg|

Avi Mvb MvIqv ev evuwk evRvDaggerbvi mgq hw` daggereordfm daggerKvb mgmumlv KDaggeri ZvnDaggerj

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide AvcbvDaggerK wjccOumlDaggerUplusmni bullZix KDaggeri w`Daggereb dDaggerj Avcwb macr^v‛QumlDaggerrsaquo` Mvb I KiDaggerZ

cviDaggereb Ges evuwk evwRDaggerq `kcopyKDagger`i gb Rq KiDaggerZ cviDaggereb|

daggereordfm wK UvBU (evav ev Pvc dagger`qv) Kiv Risbquoix

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide hLb `vuDaggerZi daggerKvb wPwKrmvi Rbuml daggereordfm jvMvb ZLb daggereordfm Gi Dci Abumlvbuml

AvDaggeriv ADaggerbK wKQy eumlenvi KDaggerib hv `vuZ Ges daggerPvqvjDaggerK Zvi mwVK AemacrrsquovDaggerb AvDaggerb|

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ADagger_copycopyvWbwUK wPwKrmv mgq mvDaggercpara eumlvcvi| PvBjvg Avi ZvovZvwo KDaggeri daggerdjjvg Zv mcurrencente

bv| Zvovucircov KiDaggerj fvDaggerjv wKQy nq bv| GK mvDagger_ ADaggerbK cedilDaggerjv `vuDaggerZ Pvuc w`Daggerj Lye daggerekx euml_v

nq GgbwK `vuDaggerZi daggerMvov paraq nq| daggermB KviDaggerYB ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide mvaviYZ GKevi daggereordfm UvBU

KiDaggerj cieZcopyxDaggerZ 1 gvm ci Avevi daggereordfm UvBU KDaggerib| Avi GB UvBU Kiv wPwKrmv Ges

mgmumlvi aiY Abyhvqx PjDaggerZ _vDaggerK| mvaviYZ 6 gvm dagger_DaggerK 2eQi chcopyšmdash ADagger_copyvWbwUK wPwKrmv

KivDaggerZ nq|

Daggereordfm cijvg wPwKrmv daggerkl daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq wK eumlv_v KiDaggere

DEumlit mvaviYZ eumlv_v Kivi K_v bv| Lye mnDaggerRB daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggerdjv mcurrencente| AwfAacute KvR Rvbv

ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Zv AwfAacuteZvi AvDaggerjvDaggerK eumlv_vgysup3 wPwKrmv daggermev w`Daggereb GUvB Zvi KiYxq Ges

mKDaggerji Rbuml Risbquoix| hw` daggereordfm daggerLvjvi mgq eumlv_v Abyfe nq mvDagger_ mvDagger_ ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide daggerK

eDaggerjb ADaggerbK DcvDaggerq daggereordfm daggerLvjv hvq Dwb daggerLvjvi Dcvq cwieZcopyb KiDaggerjB Avcwb daggerKvb eumlv_v

cvDaggereb bv|

daggereordfm cDaggeri LvIqv `vIqv-

DEumlit LvIqv `vIqv KiDaggereb ZDaggere wKQy mxgvetimesZv AvDaggerQ| mvaviYZ hLb cOuml_g daggereordfm jvMvDaggerbv nq

ZLb cOuml_g wKQyw`b bZzb wRwbDaggermi mv_ Lvc daggerLDaggerZ mgq jvDaggerM ZvB cOuml_g wKQyw`b big Lvevi

LvIqv fvDaggerjv| PzBsMvg wgwg PKDaggerjU KumlvivDaggergj GcedilDaggerjv mecopy`vB bv LvIqv fvDaggerjv|

hw` 1 Uv ev 2 Uv daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq ZLb wK KiDaggerev

DEumlit ADagger_copyvWbwUdivide Gi KvDaggerQ hvb Dwb Avevi daggermUv jvwMDaggerq w`Daggere| dagger`ix KiDaggerj wPwKrmvi

mgqKvDaggerj daggereDaggero hvq ZvB hZ ZvovZvwo mcurrencente mgvavb KDaggeri daggerbqvUvB fvDaggerjv|

Avcbvi cOumlkœ nDaggerZ cvDaggeri daggereordfm LyDaggerj hvq daggerKb ev Ggb fvDaggere jvMvDaggerjB nq hvDaggerZ bv LyDaggerj

AvDaggerm| AvmDaggerj daggereordfm LyjDaggerZB cvDaggeri daggerKbbv wPwKrmv daggerkDaggerl GUv LyDaggerj daggerdjDaggerZ nDaggere| daggerekx KDaggeri

nvo Lvb ev Pvuevb ZvnDaggerj daggereordfm G Pvc daggerjDaggerM LyDaggerj daggerhDaggerZ cvDaggeri|

Avi hw` daggereordfm LyDaggerj daggercDaggerU PDaggerj daggerMDaggerj ZLb me daggereordfmB cixparav wbixparav Kiv nDaggerqDaggerQ daggerh

daggercDaggerU daggerMDaggerj daggerKvb mgmumlv nDaggere bv ZDaggere hw` dzmdzDaggerm PDaggerj hvq ZvnDaggerj mgmumlv nDaggerZI cvDaggeri|

Daggereordfm Ges `vuZ eordfvm

mvaviYZ `vuZ eordfvm w`Daggerb 2 evi Kiv Risbquoix| daggereordfm ciDaggerj 2 evi eordfvm Kivi mvDagger_ mvDagger_

hZevi LvIqv avIqv Zvi ciciB fvDaggerjv gDaggerZv KzjKsbquoPx Ges AvjDaggerZv fvDaggere `vuZ eordfvm KDaggeri

61

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