† TOPICS †Operating Systems Concepts

Windows FamilyLINUXUNIX

Members:De Chavez, Jorge

De Guzman, Ana MarieDe Guzman, CarolDimalanta, Nichol

Operating Systems Concepts

An operating system (commonly abbreviated to either

OS or O/S) is an interface between hardware and user.

•Manages and coordinates activities and shares resources of the computer.•acts as host for computing applications that runs on the machine.•As host, an O.S. handles details of the operation of the hardware. •relieves application programs from having to manage these details•makes easier to write applications.

•Old models use Embedded operating system.• Application programming interfaces (APIs) or system calls. By invoking these interfaces, the application can request a service from the operating system, pass parameters, and receive the results of the operation. •operating system interacts with software UI like typing commands by using command line interface (CLI) or using a GUI.•Common contemporary operating system families: BSD, Darwin (Mac OS X), GNU/Linux, SunOS (Solaris/OpenSolaris), and Windows NT (XP/Vista/7). While servers generally run Unix or some Unix-like operating system, embedded system markets are split amongst several operating systems:

>>OPERATING SYSTEMS CONCEPTS

Embedded/Hobby Dev.OS’s

Embedded systems use a variety of dedicated operating systems. In some cases, the "operating system" software is directly linked to the application to produce a monolithic special-purpose program. In the simplest embedded systems, there is no distinction between the OS and the application.

- Some uses real-time operating system such as VxWorks, eCos, QNX, MontaVista Linux and RTLinux.

- Other Examples: Symbian OS, Palm OS, Windows CE, BSD, and Linux

Operating system developmentOperating system development, or OSDev for short, as a hobby , or OSDev for short, as a hobby has a large cult-like following. As such, operating systems, such has a large cult-like following. As such, operating systems, such as Linux, have derived from hobby operating system projects. The as Linux, have derived from hobby operating system projects. The design and implementation of an operating system requires skill design and implementation of an operating system requires skill and determination, and the term can cover anything from a basic and determination, and the term can cover anything from a basic "Hello World" boot loader to a fully featured kernel. One classical "Hello World" boot loader to a fully featured kernel. One classical example of this is the Minix Operating System—an OS that was example of this is the Minix Operating System—an OS that was designed by A.S. Tanenbaum as a teaching tool but was heavily designed by A.S. Tanenbaum as a teaching tool but was heavily used by hobbyists before Linux eclipsed it in popularity.used by hobbyists before Linux eclipsed it in popularity.

• Program Execution• Interrupts• Protect/Supervisor Mode• Memory Management• Virtual Memory• Multitasking

• Kernel Preemption• Disk Access, File Systems• Device Drivers• Networking• Security

IMPORTANT FEATURES