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OTAGO PENINSULA YEAR 9 FIELD TRIP

Name: Class:

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Are we there yet? Ask the bus driver for the odometer reading when you get on the bus and again at lunch. Record this below. Use the distance travelled and the time taken to find out the average speed of the bus. Odometer Start: _________km Odometer Lunch: _________km Distance travelled: _________km Time taken: _________hours Average speed = distance ÷ time = __________km ÷ _______h = _______km/h Questions 1) What would the speed be if we took twice as long? 2) What would the speed be if we went three times the distance but in the same time? 3*) During lunch you could try to find the swimming speed or flying speed (in metres per second) of a bird by repeating your calculations using an estimate of distance and time. Average bird speed = distance ÷ time = __________m ÷ _______ = _______m/s

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Can you identify these birds? Name Did you see it? Habitat (where

is it? Pied stilt

Oystercatcher

White faced heron

Red billed gull

Black billed gull

Plover

Shag

Mallard duck

Black Swan

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Site

1 –

Tim

e___

____

____

____

__ W

eath

er _

____

____

___

Spac

ing

Wha

t are

they

do

ing?

N

umbe

rs

Habi

tat

Nam

e of

bird

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Site

2 –

Tim

e___

____

____

____

__ W

eath

er _

____

____

___

Spac

ing

Wha

t are

they

do

ing?

Num

bers

Habi

tat

Nam

e of

bird

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Bird Watching

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Mighty Molluscs!

New Zealand has 3119 named species of molluscs as of December 2009. Another 1700 or so have been found and are waiting for names – there are an unknowable number waiting to be discovered!‡ Write examples of molluscs from the aquarium discussion into the diagram below. ‡ Source: http://www.molluscs.otago.ac.nz/ University of Otago. Accessed: August 2010

Mollusc Examples

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What makes a Mollusc a Mollusc? List the features of molluscs around the diagram below.

Mollusc Features

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Chiton Features Aim: To sketch and label the parts of a chiton.

Dorsal (top) view Label these parts:

Girdle (tissue surrounding shell)

Shell (8 plates) Anterior (front) valve

Posterior (rear) valve Intermediate valve

Ventral (bottom) view

Label these parts: Muscular foot Girdle (mantle tissue) Mouth

Gills Gill groove (between foot and girdle)

Anus

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Chiton Adaptations Adaptations are features of an organism that help it to survive in its habitat Structural – Physical features - eg Hawk has claws to help it catch prey. Physiological – Processes and functions -eg Insulin regulates blood sugar Behavioural – Actions of the organism - eg Rabbits ‘freeze’ when startled. Adaptation Type (eg structural) How does this help the

chiton survive?

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Key to Chitons at Portobello Aquarium Snakeskin Chiton Sypharochiton pelliserpentis

Hairy Chiton Acanthochitona zelandica

Look for: snake skin banded scales around shells, oval shape, green/brown colour

Look for: hairy/bristly tufts growing around the outer edge of the shell, well camouflaged

Green Chiton Chiton glaucus

Brown Chiton Ischnochiton maorianus

Look for: uniform dark green colour, oval shape

Look for: narrow shape (compared to other chitons), usually a brownish colour

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Chiton Survey: Discussion 1. Where on the shore did you find the most chitons? 2a. Did the number of chitons increase or decrease as you moved away from the water? 2b. How would you explain this distribution pattern? 3a. Where did you find the most chitons? On the cobble, continuous rock or sand? 3b. How would you explain this distribution pattern? 4a Were the chitons always found with the same type of plants and animals? 4b. Were the chitons always found next to other chitions? 4c. Did bigger rocks always have more chitons? 5a. What do chitons eat? 5b. What might eat chitons? 5c. Draw a food chain that includes chitons.

Green Chiton - Chiton glaucus

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Chiton Response to Light

Aim: To observe how chitons respond to light Method: Find a rock that you can easily handle. Turn the rock over so that the chitons are exposed to the sunlight. Draw the rock surface below and note the position of at least one green and one snakeskin chiton. Observe for five minutes and record your observations. Draw the final position of each chiton you observed at the end of your five minute observation time. Results: Sketch the initial and final positions in the boxes below (label the species)

Initial positions of chitons Final positions of chitons Discussion: 1. Which species responded to light? 2. Describe the way the chiton responded.

PTO

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3. How does a chiton “know” that light intensity has changed (refer to the chiton diagram you made earlier – are their eyes….? 4. What is the advantage of moving away from the light? Add this adaptation to the chiton adaptations page. 5. How reliable are your observations and data? 6. Is light the only factor the chiton might be responding to? 7. Write a brief method to show how you could show that the chiton is responding to light and not something else.

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The Rocky Shore – Environmental Factors Abiotic Factors: The physical factors in an environment such as rainfall, humidity Biotic Factors: The living factors in an environment such as competitors, predators. Think about the rocky shore environment. List the abiotics and biotic factors found there. Abiotic Biotic

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The Rocky Shore – Definitions Use an example from the rocky shore at the Portobello aquarium to help you define each of the following terms. Term Definition Example Habitat

Species

Population

Community

Ecosystem

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Bird Adaptations Adaptations are features of an organism that help it to survive in its habitat Structural – Physical features - eg Hawk has claws to help it catch prey. Physiological – Processes and functions -eg Insulin regulates blood sugar Behavioural – Actions of the organism - eg Rabbits ‘freeze’ when startled. Choose a bird that you have observed in Hooper’s Inlet. Complete the table below to describe its adaptations.

Bird:____________________________ Adaptation Type (eg structural) How does this help the bird

survive?

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1 Black billed gull (front) Red billed gull (rear) 2 Paradise duck (left female, right male) 3 Black backed gull

4 White faced heron 5 Pied oystercatcher 6 Variable oystercatcher 7 Black swan

8 Spoonbill 9 Pukeko 10 Magpie 11 Kingfisher 12 Canada goose

13 Mallard duck (female left, male right) 14 Spur winged plover 15 Pied stilt

16 Hawk 17 Pied shag 18 Banded dotterel

19 Blue penguin 20 Spotted shag 21 Little Shag http://www.nzbirds.co.nz/birds

Common Otago Peninsula Birds