Other Middle Age Cultures of the Eastern

Hemisphere!

• The “Eastern Hemisphere” is the Eastern Half of the world. (Usually it is the right half of the world map)

Other Middle Age Cultures of the Eastern

Hemisphere! This is at the same time as Medieval

Europe, the Middle Ages…

From about 500 to 1500 a.d. (c.e.)

Western Hemisphere

Eastern Hemisphere

Europe

Asia

Africa

North America

South America

Australia

Antarctica

China

India

Southeast Asia

Atlantic Ocean

Pacific Ocean

Indian Ocean

Mediterranean Sea

Sahara Desert

Timbuktu

Western Hemisphere

Eastern Hemisphere

Europe

Asia

Africa

North America

South America

Australia

Antarctica

China

India

Southeast Asia

Atlantic Ocean

Pacific Ocean

Indian Ocean

Mediterranean Sea

Sahara Desert

Timbuktu

Western Hemisphere

China

Europe

Indian Ocean

Africa

India

Timbuktu

North

America

Asia

South

America

Sahara Desert

Atlantic

Ocean

Antarctica

Eastern Hemisphere

Pacific

Ocean

Pacific

Ocean

___ Western Hemisphere

___ Eastern Hemisphere

___ Europe

___ Asia

___ Africa

___ North America

___ South America

___ Australia

___ Antarctica

___ China

___ India

___ Southeast Asia

___ Atlantic Ocean

___ Pacific Ocean

___ Indian Ocean

___ Mediterranean Sea

___ Sahara Desert

___ Timbuktu

1

8 10

16

12 13

18

6

3

4

5

2 9

17

7

15

Western Hemisphere

China Europe

Indian Ocean Africa

India

Timbuktu

North

America

Asia

South

America

Sahara Desert

Atlantic

Ocean

Antarctica

Eastern Hemisphere

Pacific

Ocean

Pacific

Ocean

Europe

Africa

Atlantic Ocean

Indian Ocean

Mediterranean Sea

Red Sea

Sahara Desert

Sahara Desert

Sahel

Nile River

Niger River

Zambezi River

Limpopo River

Arabian Peninsula

Timbuktu

Sahel

Indian

Ocean

Africa

Timbuktu

Europe

Sahara Desert

Atlantic

Ocean

Zambezi River

Limpopo River

Europe

Africa

Atlantic Ocean

Indian Ocean

Mediterranean Sea

Red Sea

Sahara Desert

Sahara Desert

Sahel

Nile River

Niger River

Zambezi River

Limpopo River

Arabian Peninsula

Timbuktu

___ Europe

___ Africa

___ Atlantic Ocean

___ Indian Ocean

___ Mediterranean Sea

___ Red Sea

___ Sahara Desert

___ Sahara Desert

___ Sahel

___ Nile River

___ Niger River

___ Zambezi River

___ Limpopo River

___ Arabian Peninsula

___ Timbuktu

4

5

12

7 6

2

8

1

9

10

3

13

14

11

Sahel

Indian

Ocean

Africa

Timbuktu

Europe

Sahara Desert

Atlantic

Ocean

Zambezi River

Limpopo River

Japan China Korea Russia Pacific Ocean Sea of Japan Yellow Sea

Hokkaido Honshu Shikoku Kyushu Edo (Tokyo) Heian (Kyoto) Mount Fuji

Japan China Korea Russia Pacific Ocean Sea of Japan Yellow Sea

Hokkaido Honshu Shikoku Kyushu Edo (Tokyo) Heian (Kyoto) Mount Fuji

Kyushu

Japan

Pacif

ic O

cean

China

Kyoto

Russia

Sea of Japan

Ye

llow

Se

a

Mount Fuji

Tokyo

Hokkaido

___ Japan ___ China ___ Korea ___ Russia ___ Pacific Ocean ___ Sea of Japan ___ Yellow Sea

___ Hokkaido ___ Honshu ___ Shikoku ___ Kyushu ___ Edo (Tokyo) ___ Heian (Kyoto) ___ Mount Fuji

4

5 7 6

8

1

12

10 3

13

14

11

9

2

Kyushu

Japan

Pa

cif

ic O

cea

n

China

Kyoto

Russia

Sea of Japan

Ye

llow

Se

a

Mount Fuji

Tokyo

Hokkaido

Other Middle Age

Cultures of the

Eastern

Hemisphere! This is at the same time as Medieval

Europe, the Middle Ages…

From about 500 to 1500 a.d. (c.e.)

Trade Routes

Essential Understandings

During the medieval period, several major

trading routes developed in the Eastern

Hemisphere. These trading routes

developed among Europe, Africa, and

Asia.

Major trade patterns of the Eastern

Hemisphere from 1000 to 1500 A.D. (C.E.)

Trade has always been important

It not only exchanges goods

It exchanges ideas

It exchanges religions

It exchanges disease

Asia

The Silk Road across Asia to the

Mediterranean connected Asia to Europe

and Africa

Major trade patterns of the Eastern

Hemisphere from 1000 to 1500 A.D. (C.E.)

Trans-Saharan trade routes

Trans-Saharan trade routes

Trans-Sahara means “across the Sahara

Desert”)

Trans-Saharan trade routes

Trans-Sahara means “across the Sahara

Desert”)

Trans-Saharan trade routes

Trans-Sahara means “across the Sahara

Desert”)

Several city empires developed across the

Sahara

Trans-Saharan trade routes

Trans-Sahara means “across the Sahara

Desert”)

Several city empires developed across the

Sahara

Gold and desert salts were traded

Indian Ocean

Sea routes connected Africa, the Middle

East, and India

Mediterranean

Mediterranean trade routes connected

Europe to Africa and the Middle East

Mediterranean

Mediterranean trade routes connected

Europe to Africa and the Middle East

This becomes very important to the

development of Europe

Northern & Western Europe

Northern European sea and river trade

routes connected Western Europe and the

Black Sea

Northern & Western Europe

Northern European sea and river trade

routes connected Western Europe and the

Black Sea

Western Europe sea and river routes

connected the West to the Mediterranean

Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia

Trade routes connected China and India to

Southeast Asia

The Spread of

Goods, Technology, and Ideas

• STANDARD WHI.10b

• The student will demonstrate knowledge

of civilizations and empires of the Eastern

Hemisphere and their interactions

through regional trade patterns by

• b) identifying technological advances and

transfers, networks of economic

interdependence, and cultural

interactions.

Essential Understandings

• Regional trade networks and long-distance

trade routes in the Eastern Hemisphere

aided the diffusion and exchange of

technology and culture among Europe,

Africa, and Asia.

Goods

• Gold and salt from

West Africa

Goods

• Textiles from India,

China, the Middle

East and later,

Europe

Goods

• Spices came from lands around the Indian

Ocean

Goods

• Porcelain from China and Persia

Goods

• Amber from the Baltic region in

Southeastern Europe

Technology

• Paper came from China to the Muslim world.

Then to Byzantium and Western Europe.

Technology

• New Crops from India (sugar)

Technology

• Waterwheels and windmills came from the

Middle East

Navigation

• Compass from China • Lateen sail from India

Ideas

• Printing and paper money from China

Ideas

• Spread of Religions

– Buddhism from China to Korea and Japan

– Hinduism and Buddhism from India to

Southeast Asia

– Islam into West Africa, Central and Southeast

Asia

Early Africa

• STANDARD WHI.10d

• The student will demonstrate knowledge of civilizations and empires of the Eastern Hemisphere and their interactions through regional trade patterns by

• d) describing east African kingdoms of Axum and Zimbabwe and west African civilizations of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai in terms of geography, society, economy, and religion.

Essential Understandings

• African civilizations developed in sub-Saharan west and east Africa.

• Trade brought important economic, cultural, and religious influences to African civilizations from other parts of the Eastern Hemisphere.

• States and empires flourished in Africa during the medieval period, including Ghana, Mali, and Songhai in west Africa, Axum in east Africa, and Zimbabwe in southeastern Africa.

Geography of Africa

• Deserts cover 1/3 of land

– Sahara [north]

– Kalahari [south] • Both limited outside contact

• Coastlines

– Few harbors

– Dangerous sandbars

– Tricky currents

RESULT: isolation from the world

Major African Civilizations

Axum

Zimbabwe

Ghana

Mali

Songhai

Kingdom of

Axum (Present day

Kingdom of Ethiopia)

Axum

Location

•Located in the

Ethiopian

highlands

(mountains),

•Near the Nile

River and the

Red Sea

Religion

• Axum was a Christian kingdom

• King Ezana converted (324 a.d.)

• Ethiopia remains partly Christian today

Other

Accomplish

ments

• Axum conquered the Kingdom of Kush along the Nile

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe

• Location:

– Between the Zambezi

and Limpopo Rivers and

the Indian Ocean.

• Culture:

– City of “Great Zimbabwe”

is the capital of a

prosperous empire

Zimbabwe

Capital City • Capital was the city of “Great

Zimbabwe”

Capital City

Major African Civilizations

Ghana

Mali

Songhai

TIMELINE

• There are no written records from these

great kingdoms

• These kingdoms used Griots.

• Griots are people who memorize and

recite events, families, and traditions of the

village.

Ghana

Ghana

• Location – Between the Niger River

and the Sahara Desert

• Trade

– Gold

– Salt

Ghana

• Religions:

– Animism—belief that spirits play an important

role in daily life; animals and plants have

spirits

--Islam—monotheistic religion (one God called

Allah); developed in Arabia; Prophet

Muhammad; Five Pillars of Islam; Muslims

MALI

Mali

1240-1359 AD • Location

– Near the Niger River and the

Sahara Desert

– Timbuktu: Capital of trade and

Muslim intellectual capital

• Resources

– Gold

– Salt

– Islam

Songhai

Songhai

• Location:

– Between the Niger

River and the

Sahara Desert

• Trade:

– Salt

– Gold

Japan in the Middle Ages

• STANDARD WHI.10c

• The student will demonstrate knowledge of civilizations and empires of the Eastern Hemisphere and their interactions through regional trade patterns by

• c) describing Japan, with emphasis on the impact of Shinto and Buddhist traditions and the influence of Chinese culture.

Essential Understandings

• Japanese cultural development was influenced by proximity to China.

• Shinto and Buddhism coexisted as religious traditions in the Japanese culture.

Geography and Religion

• Geography

– Japan has four main

islands: See map

– Japan is an

archipelago with many

mountains

– Japan is in close

proximity to China and

Korea

Religion

• Shinto

– Ethnic religion that

is unique to Japan

– State religion:

Worshipped the

emperor

– Co-existed with

Buddhism

Religion

• Symbol:

• The “Torii” a gateway to a

shinto shrine

Religion

• Shrines:

Religion (continued)

• Important things to Shinto:

1. Natural features- Rocks & Trees

2. Forces of Nature- Volcanoes & Storms

3. Ancestors