oumh2103(rosnawati jaim 731023125308002)
TRANSCRIPT
ROSNAWATI JAIM OUMH2103
OPEN UNIVERSITYMALAYSIA
FAKULTI PENDIDIKAN DAN BAHASA
OUMH2103ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE & TECHNICAL
PURPOSES
ASSIGNMENTTUGASAN
SEMESTERSEPTEMBER 2012
NAME : ROSNAWATI BINTI JAIM
MATRIKS NO : 731023125308002
TELEPHONE NO : 010-5205308
E-MAIL : [email protected]
E- TUTOR NAME’S : ANN ANURADAH A/P FRANCIS
THANGAM
LEARNING CENTRE : OUM KOTA KINABALU
DATE : 17 NOVEMBER 2012
ROSNAWATI JAIM OUMH2103
PART A : ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION EFFECTS
1.0 Introduction
According to WHO, garbage is something that is not in use, is not favorably
disposed or something derived from human activity or activities and does not occur by
itself (Chandra, 2007). Recently, there are many forms of garbage that does not only
consist of physical goods such as plastics, bottles, cans and so on. However, waste can also
be classified as waste or discarded material of any kind on non-place. Examples include
chemicals, solid waste, and so on. However, in the context of Malaysia, the waste
dedicated to physical objects that can be seen, touched and held. Garbage is also a form of
human material removed by a particular individual or not in place. Garbage is often
thrown into the trash. However, there is a party or individual that does not make junk in
place and cause the natural spoiled Apply as soil contamination and water pollution. This
is because, not only made litter on the ground. On the other hand, was thrown into the sea,
rivers, ponds, ditches, etc. that cause river pollution and odor pollution.
2.0 Detrimental Effects Of Littering
Based on the definition mentioned above, it can be seen that the waste is waste or
discarded material in many places to provide a lot of adverse effects on humans. Among
the adverse effects are:-
a) Environmental Pollution Effects
One of the adverse effects of waste is a problem of environmental pollution. Garbage
everywhere can increase the rate of pollution affecting the river pollution, soil
contamination and odor pollution as described below:-
Water Pollution: Today, frequent garbage dump into the sea, river, ponds, lakes
and ditches, which also increases the rate of water pollution. E.g., river is the
lifeblood of aquatic life such as fish, crabs and shrimp. If the river is
contaminated with rubbish thrown by people, then this kind of aquatic habitat
ROSNAWATI JAIM OUMH2103
will be affected and may cause aquatic life is difficult to live their lives.
Garbage into the river can also be messy and cause rivers to overflow waste a
lot happening. Things like this can cause a dam in the river is prone to damage
as a result of waste through the dam. This will also cause problems for process
water for the daily needs of man. Finally, people also have problems to get
clean water mains due to the dam that can not function properly.
Figure 1: Garbage Pollution In River
Soil Pollution: Removal of garbage all over the place can also cause soil
contamination. Garbage left on the ground like plastic will cause the plastic to
settle into the soil and can affect the mineral content in the soil. This will also
lead source of protein needed by the plant will decline and, consequently
habitat disturbed and affected plants. Indirectly, this sort of thing will
restricting the amount of oxygen diffusion process by the plant and thus pose a
health hazard to humans.
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Figure 2: Garbage Pile Side Road Surface
Odor Pollution: Rubbish thrown all over the place will also give rise to
unpleasant odors and can invite flies, mosquitoes and cockroaches to breed in
the waste area. This in turn will cause odor nuisance problems to nearby
residents and in turn may cause a health threat to nearby residents.
b) Health Threat
Moreover, garbage dumped everywhere can also invite various forms of human
illness that can affect human health. As known to many, rubbish and left lying in a
bad situation can encourage presence of mosquitoes and flies such as Aedes
mosquito. Aedes mosquitoes and flies which alight on the waste which then rested
upon human food will bring with bacteria and germs that can pose a threat to human
disease. Examples such as diarrhea and cholera caused by contamination of food
taken effect. This means that the food consumed by humans that have been
contaminated with germs and bacteria carried by mosquitoes and flies that were
perched on an abandoned junk yard. Indirectly, the risk of illness for those living
near the garbage disposal area is managed well, will rise to greater heights.
Indirectly, things like this will affect human health and can lead to death.
c) Keep Sight
Garbage that is left and not well managed will also present you with a brazenly bad
to anyone who sees it. Every man wants a clean and healthy air in order to ensure a
more comfortable, safe and secure. However, the garbage is managed well and the
human action of throwing garbage into many places will lead to a view that does not
want to be seen by humans, let alone through the area. For example, as shown in the
picture in the figure 3. In the figure 3 it can be seen that the individual is in the
picture is pointing to garbage and cover your mouth and nose. This indicates that the
individual is not willing to smell the garbage that can affect the level of health. In the
meantime, garbage is left as is also able to create views just across healthy and well
and able to motivate a person to not go through the area. This will also show the
attitude of society that does not prioritize health and selfishness. Things like this
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would not happen if everyone has a sense of responsibility to maintain cleanliness
and natural beauty. However, the human attitudes of selfish cause garbage thrown all
over the place causing the heap of rubbish that recorded views and vision.
Figure 3: Garbage Pile In Residential Area
d) Ozone Depleting Substances
Garbage that is left idle and not governed well can cause thinning of the ozone layer.
Although thinning of the ozone layer has been attributed to the activities of air
pollution, but the garbage all over the place also able to enhance the effects of ozone
depletion.
e) Bad Image To Tourists
Adverse effects of waste others are giving bad image to the foreign tourists. As
known to many, Malaysia is famous for its beauty and peace that is enjoyed by
people of all races. For travelers who first came to Malaysia and see garbage all over
the place at tourist locations visited, then it will give a negative perception of the
foreign tourists attitude of Malaysian society and culture do not practice healthy
living. Indirectly, the perception of tourists to Malaysia’s ‘beautiful’ will change the
perception of Malaysia’s ‘dirty’. Things like this can also affect foreign tourist
arrivals into the country and further thwart efforts to promote the country to
foreigners.
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As the known masses, the country has gone to the tourism industry in the country. It
is very disappointing when we see recreational areas such as beaches and resort
gardens contaminated by debris caused by visitors to the place itself. This includes
forest areas which often occur hikers leave trash in the forest areas. I believe that one
of the attractions of this areas is an authentic condition clean and fresh. Thus if the
area is already polluted by garbage so it will not be so attractive anymore and to
clean the remote areas like this is not easy. However, such efforts will not ferment
goals and the objectives if community attitudes and behaviors that often throw trash
everywhere unaltered.
From the explanations above, it is seen that there are many negative effects and
adverse effects of garbage to you, society, nation and the animals and plants. This means
that the adverse effects of this waste are not only borne by men only. On the other hand,
was borne by the animals and plants as has been described above.
3.0 Conclusion
Based on information and explanations that have been mentioned and discussed,
garbage has many adverse effects and negative effects. Therefore, efforts should be made
to ensure littering ills can be addressed effectively. Among the measures that can be done
is:-
a) Parents should always show the example for the children to always throw garbage in
the trash and not throw trash all over the place as to the river, and so on.
b) The government should tighten the law and provide greater punishment to those who
acted throw trash everywhere. For example, imposing compound RM10, 000 to those
found throwing garbage everywhere, littering from vehicles and so on.
c) The mass media should enhance their role and function to always alert the
community to the importance of cleanliness and beauty of nature and not throw trash
everywhere.
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By carrying out such efforts, the awareness among the public will be able to set up
and enhanced, thus able to overcome the problem of irregular garbage and discarded in
trash bins provided.
TOTAL : 1,431 WORDS
ROSNAWATI JAIM OUMH2103
PART B
Based on the diagram above, hurricanes and tornadoes are two natural occurrences that
have differences and similarities. Among the differences between the hurricanes and
tornadoes are as follows: -
a) Genesis Resources
Cyclone is a form of nature arising from water which occurs as a result of vibration or
physical changes in the sea floor. Examples such as earthquakes on the ocean floor that
could cause sea water conditions are unstable and eventually cause a hurricane.
Meanwhile, waterspout was from inclement weather conditions which led to the wind
conditions are very terrible. This is also to be among the factors that contributed to
create conditions that shaped longitudinal rotation of water into the soil, also known as
a tornado. This means that hurricanes and tornadoes exist from two different natural
resources.
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b) Detecting Device
Every act of nature that occurs can be detected by using a special tool. Examples such
as hurricanes, which can be detected using special equipment installed at the water
surface. An example might be ‘Tsunameter’ used to detect any changes in the sea floor
that can cause a tsunami that could eventually lead to storms and hurricanes. In
contrast to the presence of a tornado which are difficult to predict and have no
particular equipment to detect the presence of a tornado. Equipment that exists today is
equipment to detect the weather conditions and the possibility of thunderstorms.
Nevertheless, every Thunderstorm does not necessarily produce a tornado.
c) Nature of Related Mutual
The third difference can be seen between hurricanes and tornadoes are nature
hurricanes which can result in a tornado. Hurricanes that occur also bring winds and
storms which can produce tornadoes. Unlike the tornados where possible to produce a
hurricane.
As such, it can be seen that both hurricanes and tornadoes have different properties and
characteristics as mentioned above. However, two incidents of this nature also have
similarities. Among them are:-
a) Strong and Destruction
Hurricanes and tornadoes are natural incident very strong and can destroy everything
he encounters. Examples such as hurricanes Sandy did in the United States that
destroyed homes, crops, pets and communication systems. Similarly, a lot of tornadoes
occur in the United States that can cause damage to properties. This means that both
the creation of the universe has the same strength that could destroy everything he
encounters.
b) Dangerous Lives
Hurricanes and tornadoes are also very dangerous to humans, which can threaten
human lives. When a country will identify the presence of a hurricane or tornado, then
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the people who are in these areas will be asked to respond to a safer place. This is
because natural occurrences such as this can cause death as ‘katrina’ storm ever to hit
the U.S. and Sandy hurricanes that hit people in many regions of the country.
Thus, it is seen that hurricanes and tornadoes also similar as that described above.
TOTAL : 479 WORDS
ROSNAWATI JAIM OUMH2103
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Ismawi Haji Zen (1996), Hubungan Manusia Dengan Alam Sekitar Dalam Bentuk Spatial : Kertas Dasar, Untuk Jabatan Perancangan Bandar dan Desa, Malaysia Bagi Kajian Doktrin Perancangan dan Pembangunan Sejagat.
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Persatuan Pencinta Alam 1995, Kemusnahan Tanah tinggi Hujan Tropika Dan Implikasinya, Dewan Kosmik Mei
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