our moon
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A look at our nearest
neighbor in Space!
The Moon
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What is the Moon?
• A natural satellite
• One of more than 96 moons in
our Solar System
• The only moon of the planet
Earth
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Location, location, location!
• About 384,000 km
(240,000 miles)
from Earth
• 3,468 km (2,155
miles) in diameter
(about ¼ the size of
Earth)
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The Moon’s Surface
• No atmosphere
• No liquid water
• Extreme
temperatures
– Daytime = 130C
(265°F)
– Nighttime = -190C
(-310 F)
• 1/6 Earth’s gravity
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Lunar Features - Craters
• Up to 2500 km (1,553 miles) across
• Most formed by meteorite impact on the Moon
• Some formed by volcanic action inside the Moon
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Movements of the Moon
• Revolution – Moon orbits
the Earth every 271/3 days
• The moon rises in the east
and sets in the west
• The moon rises and sets
50 minutes later each day
• Rotation – Moon turns on
its axis every 27 days
• Same side of Moon
always faces Earth
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It’s Just a Phase
• Moonlight is reflected
sunlight
• Half the moon’s surface is
always reflecting light
• From Earth we see
different amounts of the
Moon’s lit surface
• The amount seen is called
a “phase”
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Waxing and Waning
• New moon
• Waxing Crescent moon
• First Quarter moon
• Waxing Gibbous moon
• Full moon
• Waning Gibbous moon
• Third Quarter moon
• Waning Crescent moon
• New moon
earth
moon orbit̀ s
earth
last (third)quarter
gibbous moon
full moon
gibbous moon
first quarter
crescent
new moon
crescent
waning Moon
waxing Moon
SUN
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FULL
QUARTER
CRESCENT
GIBBOUS
FOUR MAIN SHAPES
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Earth
Moon
Moon Plane of earth’s orbit
Plane of lunar orbit
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Lunar Eclipses
• Moon moves into
Earth’s shadow – this
shadow darkens the
Moon
– Umbra
– Penumbra
• About 2-3 per year
• Last up to 4 hours
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Solar Eclipses
• Moon moves between
Earth and Sun
• Moon casts a shadow
on part of the Earth
• Total eclipses rare –
only once every 360
years from one
location!
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Exploring the
Moon
• 1950s to 1960s -
probes
• Neil Armstrong
First man on the Moon
– July 20, 1969
• Six Apollo missions
(1969-1972)
– 382 kg (842 lbs) rocks
• 12 Americans have
walked on the moon
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When will we return?
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Moon base of the future?
• What would you need to live there?
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Name this phase!
Full Moon
What time does this phase rise and set?
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Name this phase!
First Quarter
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Name this phase!
Waxing Crescent
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Name this phase!
Waning
Gibbous
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Name this
phase!
Third Quarter
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Name this phase!
Waxing Gibbous
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Name this phase!
Waning Crescent
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Name this phase!
New Moon
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