Outline

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Chapter 1 Hardware, Software, Programming, Web

surfing, email…

• Chapter Goals– Describe the layers of a computer system– Describe the concept of abstraction and its

relationship to computing– Describe the history of computer hardware and

software– Describe the changing role of the computer user– Distinguish between systems programmers and

applications programmers– Distinguish between computing as a tool and

computing as a discipline

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Chapter 2Binary Values and Number Systems

• Chapter Goals– Know the different types of numbers– Describe positional notation– Convert numbers in other bases to base 10– Convert base 10 numbers into numbers of

other bases– Describe the relationship between bases 2,

8, and 16– Explain computing and bases that are

powers of 2

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Chapter 3Data Representation

• Chapter Goals– Distinguish between analog and digital

information.– Explain data compression and calculate

compression ratios.– Explain the binary formats for negative and

floating-point values.– Describe the characteristics of the ASCII and

Unicode character sets.

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Chapter 4Gates and Circuits

• Chapter Goals– Identify the basic gates and describe the

behavior of each– Describe how gates are implemented using

transistors– Combine basic gates into circuits– Describe the behavior of a gate or circuit

using Boolean expressions, truth tables, and logic diagrams

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Chapter 5Computing Components

• Chapter Goals– Read an ad for a computer and understand

the jargon– List the components and their function

in a von Neumann machine– Describe the fetch-decode-execute cycle of

the von Neumann machine

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Chapter 6Problem Solving and Algorithm Design

• Chapter Goals– Determine whether a problem is suitable for a

computer solution– Describe the computer problem-solving

process and relate it to Polya’s How to Solve It list

– Distinguish between following an algorithm and developing one

– Apply top-down design methodology to develop an algorithm to solve a problem

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Chapter 7 Low-Level Programming Languages

• Chapter Goals– List the operations that a computer can

perform– Discuss the relationship between levels of

abstraction and the determination of concrete algorithm steps

– Describe the important features of the Pep/7 virtual machine

– Distinguish between immediate mode addressing and direct addressing

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Chapter 8 High-Level Programming Languages

• Chapter Goals– Describe the translation process and distinguish

between assembly, compilation, interpretation, and execution

– Name four distinct programming paradigms and name a language characteristic of each

– Describe the following constructs: stream input and output, selection, looping, and subprograms

– Construct Boolean expressions and describe how they are used to alter the flow of control of an algorithm

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Chapter 9 Abstract Data Types

and Algorithms

• Chapter Goals– Define an abstract data type and discuss its

role in algorithm development– Distinguish between a data type and a data

structure– Distinguish between an array-based

implementation and a linked implementation– Distinguish between an array and a list

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Chapter 10 Operating Systems

• Chapter Goals– Describe the two main responsibilities of an

operating system– Define memory and process management– Explain how timesharing creates the virtual

machine illusion– Explain the relationship between logical and

physical addresses– Compare and contrast memory management

techniques

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Chapter 11 File Systems and Directories

• Chapter Goals– Describe the purpose of files, file systems,

and directories– Distinguish between text and binary files– Identify various file types by their extensions– Explain how file types improve file usage– Define the basic operations on a file

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Chapter 12 Information Systems

• Chapter Goals– Define the role of general information systems– Explain how spreadsheets are organized– Create spreadsheets for basic analysis of data– Define appropriate spreadsheet formulas using built-

in functions– Design spreadsheets to be flexible and extensible– Describe the elements of a database management

system

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Chapter 13 Artificial Intelligence

• Chapter Goals– Distinguish between the types of problems

that humans do best and those that computers do best

– Explain the Turing test– Define what is meant by knowledge

representation and demonstrate how knowledge is represented in a semantic network

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Chapter 14 Simulation and Other Applications

• Chapter Goals– Define simulation– Give examples of complex systems– Distinguish between continuous and discrete

event simulation– Explain how object-oriented design principles

can be used in building models

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Chapter 15 Networks

• Chapter Goals– Describe the core issues related to computer

networks– List various types of networks and their

characteristics– Explain various topologies of local-area

networks– Explain why network technologies are best

implemented as open systems

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Chapter 16 The World Wide Web

• Chapter Goals– Compare and contrast the Internet and the

World Wide Web– Describe general Web processing– Write basic HTML documents– Describe several specific HTML tags and their

purposes

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Chapter 17 Limitations of Computing

• Chapter Goals– Describe the limits that the hardware places

on the solution to computing problems– Discuss how the finiteness of the computer

impacts the solutions to numeric problems– Discuss ways to ensure that errors in data

transmission are detected

– Describe the limits that the software places on the solutions to computing problems