overarching application areas 1.forecasting atmospheric composition 1. all global nwp variables...

Overarching application areas

1.Forecasting atmospheric composition

1. All Global NWP variables (e.g. PBL + Tropopause height) + the ones we want to add

2. Aerosols (aerosol mass, size distribution (1, 2.5, 10 micron), speciation/chem. Comp., AOD at multiple wavelengths, AAOD, water content, PM2.5, chem. comp. of PM, ratio of mass to AOD, vertical distribution of extinction), aerosol size and shape

DWD Met. Observatory Hohenpeißenberg, 19 Apr 2023 page 1


3. Total ozone, profile ozone, surface ozone, NO, NO2 (surface, column, profile), PAN, HNO3, NH3, CO, VOC (isoprene, terpenes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics), SO2 (surface, column), CH4, CO2, N2O, HCHO, HOx, Clx, ClO, BrO, OClO, ClONO2, HDO, HCFCs, HFCs, Rn, SF6

actinic flux, fire radiative power, land proxies, lightning, dry and wet deposition, pollen (key species), OCS



1.Monitoring of the state («health») of the atmosphere, protocols1. Assessments, verification of emissions, trends, impact on ecosystems

All Global NWP variables (e.g. PBL + Tropopause height) + the ones we want to add: SST, deep ocean temp., Solar variability, albedo, land use, soil moisture, precipitation, sea ice cover, snow cover, PSC occurrence

Aerosols (aerosol mass, size/surface distribution (1, 2.5, 10 micron), speciation/chem. Comp., AOD at multiple wavelengths, AAOD, water content, PM2.5, ratio of mass to AOD, vertical distribution of extinction), strat. aerosol, PSC composition, aerosol number, metals, chem. Comp. Of PM (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, BC, OC, OM, dust, sea salt, BS, SOA) aerosol index, refractive index, precip. Chem. composition, aerosol size and shape, Hg, POPs, primary biological particles


Total ozone, profile ozone, surface ozone, NO, NO2 (surface, column, profile), PAN, HNO3, NH3, CO, VOC (isoprene, terpenes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics), SO2 (surface, column), CH4, CO2, N2O, N2O5, NO3, HCHO, HOx, Cly, ClO, BrO, OClO, ClONO2, HDO, HCFCs, HFCs, Halons, CH3Br, CH3Cl, BrONO2, Rn, SF6, glyoxal, methyl chloroform, H2O, H2O2, H2, O2/N2 ratio, DMS, MSA, OCS

Isotopes of CO2, methane, N2O, CO, (D, 13C, 14C, 17O, 18O, 15N) also in the aerosol phase

actinic flux, fire radiative power, land proxies, lightning, dry and wet deposition, pollen (key species), ocean colour, chlorophyl-A, LAI, PAR, FPAR, fluorescence, vegetation maps, land use maps, burned areas, night light, fire counts, wet lands, soil moisture, ship routes, forest inventory, biomass density, crop lands


Emission database (global SO2…), emission factors (lab measurements), kinetic rates

Flux measurements (CO2, CH4, VOCs, NOx, etc.)


3. Urban/population exposureLimited to the scale of a few km. Integrated services: floods, cyclones, climate

and air pollution co-benefits. Information needed on the scales from tens of metres to km, nowcasting. Needed variables to be discussed in the GURME SAG.


Forecasting Air Quality for Health and Other Uses

AQ at regional, global scales

Sand and Dust Storms

Bioaerosols

UV – health

Solar fluxes (ag & renewable energy)

Spatial vs temporal latency.

Smaller scale captured by the urban application area.

NRT vs long term archiving


Supporting Conventions and Assessments

Ozone bulletin

Ozone assessment

GHG bulletin

GEO Assessments

HTAP-like (transboundary)

Global Burden of Disease

Air quality and health of the atmosphere

Careful parsing of applications vs products

National assessments


Human health

AQ forecasting

Global burden of disease

Wellness indexes

Take note of how we support health in the other Application Areas.


Biomass Burning Risk Forecast & Analysis

Biomass emission estimates in NRT to support AQ, weather and emergency applications

Reanalysis and trends to support climate applications and assessments

This is too specific for a high level AA.


Emission estimates

Rapid updates to support forecast activities

Estimates to support policies (verification, quantification, mitigation, trends,…)

GHGs and pollutants

Make sure that these are represented in the various AAs, such as Health and Forecasting


Ecosystem and ( ? ) services

Total deposition estimates for impacts to ecosystems (e.g. agriculture (forests, crops etc)) (damage & nutrients), oceans, cryosphere, …

Connection to UV and solar radiation

Biodiversity

Parse out to existing WIGOS AAs.

Ecosystem services and biodiversity are not covered in the WIGOS list of AAs.

Impact of atm. Comp. on ecosystems


Additional applications

Re-analyses of atmospheric composition

Model verification

Air quality/climate interactions (including clouds)

Research ……

Research: Budgets, cycles


Short-Lived Climate Pollutants

Constraining 3/4 dimension distributions

Estimating radiative forcing contributions

Short-lived climate forcers already in the climate application area.

Make sure that SLCFs are represented in other areas.


Forecasting air quality


“Urban-focused” applications

AQ forecasts

Haze

Urban-rural gradients (heat island,..)

Exposure forecast

Population focused applications (e.g. densely populated regions, such as SE Asia)

Operational AQ forecasting is dealt with in ?


Urban Community

Responses to Air-

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Severe WeatherRisk Mapping

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Integrated Urban Weather and Climate Service and its

Supporting Research including User Interface for Urban Weather

Services

CMA Shanghai

Application Areas – Background (1)

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WIGOS Applications:•Global numerical weather prediction (GNWP); •High-resolution numerical weather prediction (HRNWP); •Nowcasting and very short range forecasting (NVSRF); •Seasonal and inter-annual forecasting (SIAF); •Aeronautical meteorology; •Atmospheric chemistry; •Ocean applications; •Agricultural meteorology; •Hydrology; •Climate monitoring (as undertaken through the Global Climate Observing System, GCOS); •Climate applications; and •Space weather. •In addition, the observational requirements for WMO polar activities and the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) are also to be considered under WIGOS.

Application Areas – Background (3)

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CAS-16, which identified six emerging areas: •high impact weather; •water;• Integrated Global Greenhouse Gas Information System (IG3IS); •aerosols; •urbanization; and • new technologies, including geo/climate engineering.

GAW SIP – “Research Enabling Services”

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SSC initially identified priority services as those related to climate, high impact weather, urban (air quality/health), ecosystems, and support of conventions.


Ordering applications as a function of timeliness of GAW data

Separates climate (long-term) applications from all other (short-time) applications

Long-term: „Climate mode“

- Protocol and convention monitoring- Policy/Political issues- Assessments

- validation of reanalysis runs - inverse modelling- surface flux verification

Short-term: „NRT mode“

- AQ forecasts (regional/global)- data assimilation

- forecast/analysis validation

- health- bio-aerosols- events (volcanoes, dust)- GHGs and agriculture

- high impact weather

- support of renewable energy

overarching application areas 1.forecasting atmospheric composition 1. all global nwp variables...

Documents

surface ozone

observatory hohenpeienberg

aerosol size

profile ozone

so2 surface

aerosol number

no2 surface

total ozone