GLASSEvolution Tower | Moscow, Russia

OVERSIZED

PERFORMANCE AND SPECIFICATIONS

This course will earn 1.0 Continuing Education Unit (CEU) credits. Upon completion of the course, credits will be reported to CES Records for AIA members.

AIA ContinuingEducation

2

Upon completion of this course, you should be able to:

• Define oversized glass.

• Understand how oversized glass is manufactured and fabricated for occupant safety.

• Identify opportunities to use oversized glass for larger access to views and to increase occupant well-being.

• List issues to consider when specifying oversized glass.

Learning Objectives

3

4

GLASSVALUE OF

5 5

It’s made from silica sand, soda ash, and salt cake.It’s melted at 2,900 degrees Fahrenheit with a controlled cooling process.It’s comprised of liquid-like molecules but is solid at room temperature.

GLASS ISPHYSICALLY UNIQUE.

© XTU Paul Desmazières

melt and refine raw materials to produce

a ribbon of glass

GLASS IS CREATED THROUGH A SOPHISTICATED PROCESS.

FLOATMANUFACTURERS

add performance and aesthetic

factors

LOW-E COATERS

6

install metal and glass facades

GLAZIERS

cut, temper, create IGUs, etc.

FABRICATORS

GLASS ISEMOTIONALLY IMPORTANT.

7

• Appeals to curiosity and wonder• Paradoxical properties for powerful design• Connects people to places

doublespace photography

8

DEFINITIONSQUICK

9

Jumbo GlassThis is unfabricated float and low-e coated glass produced by float manufacturers/commercial coaters in jumbo sizes.

Oversized Insulating Glass Units (IGUs)This is finished, fabricated IGU made from jumbo glass—at least 50 square feet in final size but can approach 185 square feet. The IGU fabrication includes cutting, heat-treating, laminating, insulating, etc.

WHAT’S IT CALLED?

Jumbo Lite:130" x 204"

Standard Lite: 96" x 130"

10

HOW BIG?Jumbo float and coated glass lites:• Standard: 130" x 204"

• Maximum: 130" x 240"

11

OPPORTUNITYJUMBO

12

Pierre Lassonde Pavilion | Quebec City, Quebec

MAKINGAN IMPRESSION

Building entrance design is evolving to include larger IGUs.

650 FEET OR TALLER

HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS

Source: “Tall Building Year in Review,”Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH). 13

441completed globally in 2017

WHY SPECIFY OVERSIZED IGUs?

• Create a wow factor• Connect inside and out• Maximize daylighting• Reduce energy use with low-e coatings

14© Radovan Mlatec

15

INNOVATIONJUMBO

JUMBO FLOAT GLASSIS READILY AVAILABLE.

16

Range of colors includes clear, low-iron, gray, blue, and more.

Color uniformityAppearance optionsPerformance benefits

18

LOW-E COATINGS APPLIED TO JUMBO FLOAT GLASS

NOW IN NORTH AMERICA:

Metals are sputtered on the glass in a vacuum

Overall thickness is less than 1/1,000 of a human hair

New ability to create these layers on a larger scale

20

Thin metal layers for high-performance low-e

Some coatings can have up to 20 metal layers with different purposes, color, durability, etc.

The look you want with the performance you need• Lower solar heat gain coefficient• Higher light-to-solar-gain ratio• Lower U-factor

21

Low-e coatings, jumbo benefits Solar

light in

Light reflected

Outside Inside

Light absorbed

Light transmitted

22

Keep Buildings Cool

Solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC)Percentage of solar energy that is transmitted through the glass

22

JUMBO COATINGS

As low as 0.23 SHGC with low-e coatings on clear float glass

Light to solar heat gain ratio (LSG)Compares the amount of visible light transmitted to the SHGC

© Cordélia Ewerth 23

2:1 LSG ratio can be achieved with low-e coatings

Keep Rooms Bright and Comfortable

JUMBO COATINGS

24

U-factorMeasure of heat gain or loss through glass due to difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures

Lower is better—0.25 U-factor with Argon fill in a standard or oversized IGU

Keep Buildings Insulated

JUMBO COATINGS

20% worker cognitive improvements

6% monthly sales improvements

21% test scores improvement

25

Source: The Benefits of Glass: A Literature Review on the Qualitative Benefits of Glass on Building Occupants Source: The Power of Daylighting Systems in Building Design

Students feel engaged and active

Occupants have access to daylight

Shoppers see what’s new

Low-e Jumbo Coatings Can Improve Results

26

FABRICATIONOVERSIZED

OVERSIZED IGUs

27

11x17 feet or even larger

Now jumbo float glass can be coated and oversized IGUs fabricated

Final fabrication depends on design needs, glass makeup, and fabricator capabilities

OVERSIZEDFABRICATIONAsk your glass fabricator for IGU capabilities and limitations

CuttingHeat treating (heat strengthening and tempering)LaminatingInsulating

Specialty applications

28

CONSIDERATIONSOVERSIZED GLASS DESIGN

29

wind loads ∙ deflection ∙ thermal stress ∙ sealant depth ∙ framing systems ∙ optical requirements ∙ jobsite handling ∙ installation

EXPOSURE TO THE ELEMENTS.Oversized glass has more surface area exposed.

30

CONSIDER

Heat treat to resist wind loads.

31

EXPOSURE TO THE ELEMENTS

Oversized glass can be subject to more thermal and mechanical stresses.

Heat strengthen or temper to increase glass strength.

Consider thicker glass to maintain deflection.

32

Thicker glass can accommodate the center of glass deflection and prevent edge pullout.

Consider 8- or 10-millimeter glass thickness vs. standard 6 millimeter.

EXPOSURE TO THE ELEMENTS

FLUCTUATING TEMPERATURES.Temperature differences can have a greater effect on oversized glass.

33

CONSIDER

Heat treat to resist thermal loads. Heat expands the center of glass while edges remain cool, causing thermal stress.

Excessive build-up of thermal stress in annealed glass causes breakage.

Heat treating reduces stress and risk of breakage.

34

FLUCTUATING TEMPERATURES

LONGER, HEAVIER FRAMING SYSTEMS.Greater views require more support.

35

CONSIDER

Specify custom engineered systems.

36

Custom engineered systems can accommodate weight with less deflection.

Excessive deflection of adjacent horizontal members can cause glass-to-metal contact and damage.

LONGER, HEAVIER FRAMING SYSTEMS

Ensure deeper than standard sealant bite.

37

Glass

Air space

Spacer

DesiccantSecondary seal

Primary sealSightlinesGreater depth of bite helps

accommodate high stress and installation movement.

Work with an experienced glazing consultant/engineer.

Expect and discuss wider sightlines with design team.

LONGER, HEAVIER FRAMING SYSTEMS

38

TRENDSOVERSIZED

© Tim Griffith 39

Salesforce Tower | San Francisco

CREATE DRAMA WITH

BENT GLASS.10-foot curved glass panels create a bold, timeless silhouette.

40

National Arts Centre | Ottawa, Ontario

doublespace photography

RENOVATE WITH

OVERSIZED IGUs.Adaptive reuse with oversized IGUs (95" x 228") showcases historical features while creating more openness and transparency.

41

Aviatica Prague | Prague, Czech Republic

© Filip Slapal

LAMINATE FOR

COLOR, SAFETY, & SOUND CONTROL.Oversized low-e coated, laminated glass contributes to strength and unique coloration.

42

Filharmonia Kaszubska | Wejherowo, Poland

42

USE LOW-IRONOVERSIZED GLASS FOR

OPTIMAL DAYLIGHTJumbo float glass with lower iron content and low-e coating creates an open, vibrant space.

Received “Best Lighting Investment” award

43

Elbphilharmonie | Hamburg, Germany

© Cordélia Ewerth

VARY REFLECTIVITY TO

MEET DESIGN GOALS.Oversized coated glass reflects natural surroundingsDesign inspired by surrounding waterways

44

YOUR NEXT PROJECT.Maximize oversized glass. Minimize potential problems with glass experts by your side.

CONSIDER

GLASSEvolution Tower | Moscow, Russia

OVERSIZED

PERFORMANCE AND SPECIFICATIONS