overview motivation dataflow programming -...

Dataflow Programming

Jörn W. Janneck

[email protected]

Computer Science Dept.Lund University

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overview

motivationthe need for a parallel programming model

dataflow programmingactors, dataflow, and the CAL actor language

examplesdeterminacy � the structure of a computation

researchthings still left to do

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dataflow

� computational kernels (aka actors)� provide explicit concurrency

� directed point-to-point connections� lossless, order-preserving� conceptually unbounded� asynchrony, abstraction from time

� communicating streams of discrete data packets (tokens)

� no shared state

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domain expert's lunchtime rendition of an MPEG4 video decoder

digital signal processingmedia processing

video codingimage processing / analytics

audionetworking / packet processing

...

not exactly a new model...

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dataflow with firing� computational kernels (aka actors)

� provide explicit concurrency

� directed point-to-point connections� lossless, order-preserving� conceptually unbounded� asynchrony, abstraction from time

� communicating streams of discrete data packets (tokens)

� no shared state

state

actions

� actors execute in a sequence of steps� described in actions

� steps (firings) are...� uninterrupted, non-overlapping,

terminating

� a step may...� consume input tokens� produce output tokens� modify local state

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actors as stream operators

actors operate on infinite objects

they need not terminate(although each step must)

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dataflow with firing

s0

s1

s3

s2

s

actor step may- consume input tokens- produce output tokens- modify the state

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dataflow with firing

s0

s1

s3

s2

s

actors & actor networks operate on infinite objects (streams)

they need not terminate

streams are processed incrementally

each step is a classical, terminating computation

looking at the steps (or actors) in isolation is not enough

� determinacy, deadlock, throughput, time-dependency, buffer sizes, boundedness, schedule, parallelism, ...

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actor Add () A, B ==> X:

action A: [a], B: [b] ==> X: [a + b] endend

CAL � a crash course 1/5state

actions

consumption & production of tokens

actor AddSeq () A ==> X:

action A: [a1, a2] ==> X: [a1 + a2] endend

3 4 -1 1 2 ...7 -9 7 2 0 ...

10 -5 6 3 2 ...

7 -9 7 2 0 -1 ...

-2 9 -1 ...

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actor Sum () A ==> X:

s := 0;

action A: [a] ==> X: [s] do s := s + a; endend


actions

state

7 -9 7 2 0 ...

7 -2 5 7 7 ...

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actor Merge () A, B ==> X:

action A: [v] ==> X: [v] end action B: [v] ==> X: [v] endend


actions

multiple actions

1 2 3 ...a b c ...

1 2 3 a b c ...

a b c 1 2 3 ...1 a 2 b 3 c ...

ororor ...

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actions

actor Split () A ==> P, N:

action A: [v] ==> P: [v] guard v >= 0 end

action A: [v] ==> N: [-v] guard v < 0 endend

guards

actor PingPongMergeMerge () A, B ==> X:

action A: [v] ==> X: [v] guard s = 0 begin s := 1; end action B: [v] ==> X: [v] guard s = 1 begin s := 0; end s := 0;end7 -9 7 2 0 ...

7 7 2 0 ...-9 ...

1 2 3 ...a b c ...

1 a 2 b 3 c ...

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actor BiasedMerge () A, B ==> X:

CopyA: action A: [v] ==> X: [v] end CopyB: action B: [v] ==> X: [v] end

priority CopyA > CopyB; endend


actions

priorities

1 2 3 ...a b c ...

1 2 3 ... a b c ...

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actor Sum () A ==> X:

s := 0;

action A: [a] ==> X: [s] do s := s + a; endend






CAL � a crash coursestate

actions

1. consumption & production of tokens2. state

3. multiple actions

4. guards 5. prioritiesactor Split () A ==> P, N:


action A: [v] ==> N: [-v] guard v < 0 endend

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2 47 4 , 0, 2 4 82 , 30 3 4 , 2 4 9 0 , 3 0 2 6, 2 49 8 , 30 1 8 , 25 0 6 , 2 9 7 8 , 2 5 14 , 2 89 0 , 25 2 2 , 2 7 7 0, 2 5 30 , 2 71 4 , 25 3 8 , 2 6 5 8 , 2 5 46 , 2 63 4 , 25 5 4 , 2 6 1 0, 2 5 62 , 2 58 6 , 25 7 0 , 2 5 7 8 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 25 9 4 , 2 6 0 2, 1, 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 6 18 , 2 62 6 , 12 8 , -1 2 8 , 12 4 , -1 2 4 , 2 6 4 2, 2 6 50 , 1 20 , - 12 0 , 1 1 6 , - 1 1 6 , 26 6 6 , 2 6 9 0 , 2 6 74 , 2 68 2 , 11 2 , -1 1 2 , 1 0 8 , - 1 0 8, 26 9 8 , 2 7 0 6 , 1 0 4, - 1 04 , 1 00 , - 10 0 , 2 7 2 2 , 2 7 4 6, 27 3 0 , 2 7 3 8 , 9 6 , - 9 6 , 9 2 , - 9 2 , 2 7 5 4, 2 7 62 , 88 , - 88 , 8 4, - 84 , 2 77 8 , 28 3 4 , 2 7 8 6, 2 8 10 , 27 9 4 , 2 8 0 2 , 8 0 , - 8 0 , 7 6 , - 7 6 , 2 8 1 8, 2 8 26 , 72 , - 72 , 6 8, - 68 , 2 84 2 , 28 6 6 , 2 8 5 0, 2 8 58 , 64 , - 64 , 6 0, - 60 , 2 87 4 , 28 8 2 , 5 6 , - 5 6 , 52 , - 52 , 2 89 8 , 2 9 7 0 , 2 9 0 6, 2 9 46 , 29 1 4 , 2 9 3 8 , 29 2 2 , 2 9 3 0 , 4 8 , - 4 8 , 4 4 , - 4 4 , 4 0 , - 4 0 , 29 5 4 , 2 9 6 2 , 3 6 , - 3 6 , 3 2 , - 3 2 , 2 8 , - 2 8 , 29 8 6 , 3 0 1 0 , 2 9 94 , 3 00 2 , 24 , - 24 , 20 , - 20 , 16 , - 16 , 1 2, - 12 , 8 , - 8 , 4 , - 4 ] ;

/ / S ta r t i ng i nd i c e s i n t o V L D t a b l e a b ov e i n t MC B P C _I V O P_ S T A RT _ I N DE X = 0 ; i n t MC B P C _P V O P_ S T A RT _ I N DE X = 1 6; i n t CB P Y _ ST A R T_ I N D EX = 5 8; i n t DC B I T S_ Y _ ST A R T _I N D E X = 9 2; i n t DC B I T S_ U V _S T A R T_ I N D EX = 1 18 ; i n t CO E F F _I N T ER _ S T AR T _ I ND E X = 1 44 ; i n t CO E F F _I N T RA _ S T AR T _ I ND E X = 3 80 ; i n t MV _ S T AR T _ IN D E X = 6 16 ;

/ / V LD d e co d e e n g i ne . i n t ( s i z e =V L D _T A B L E_ A D D R_ B I T S ) v ld _ i nd e x ; i n t ( s i z e =V L D _T A B L E_ D A T A_ B I T S ) v ld _ c od e w o rd : = 1 ; p r o c ed u r e s t a rt _ v l d_ e n g in e ( in t i nd e x ) b e g i n v l d_ i n d ex : = i n d ex ; v l d_ c o d ew o r d : = 2; e n d f u n c ti o n vl d _ su c c e ss ( ) -- > b oo l : b i t an d ( v ld _ c o de w o r d, 3 ) = 0 en d f u n c ti o n vl d _ fa i l u re ( ) -- > b oo l : b i t an d ( v ld _ c o de w o r d, 1 ) = 1 en d f u n c ti o n vl d _ re s u l t( ) - -> i n t( s i ze = V LD _ T A BL E _ D AT A _ B IT S ) : r sh i f t (v l d _ co d e wo r d , 2) e n d a c t i on b i ts : [ b ] == > g u a r d b i ta n d ( vl d _ co d e w or d , 3 ) = 2 d o v l d_ c o d ew o r d : = vl d _ t ab l e [ v l d _i n d e x + i f b t he n 1 e l s e 0 e nd ] ; v l d_ i n d ex : = r s h if t ( v ld _ c o de w o rd , 2 ) ; b i t_ c o u nt : = b i t _c o u n t + 1 ; e n d v l d _ fa i l u re : ac t i o n = = > g u a r d v l d_ f a i lu r e ()/ / d o/ / pr i n t ln ( " Ba d V LD c o de w o r d" ) ; e n d

g e n e ri c _ d on e : a c t i on = = > g u a r d d o ne _ r e ad i n g_ b i t s( ) e n d

g e n e ri c _ d on e _ wi t h _ bi t r e ad : a ct i o n b i t s: [ b ] = = > g u a r d d o ne _ r e ad i n g_ b i t s( ) d o b i t_ c o u nt : = b i t _c o u n t + 1 ; e n d

/ / s tu c k : a c t io n = => / / d o / / s e t _ bi t s _t o _ r ea d ( 0 ); / / r e s e t_ t e xt u r e () ; / / p r i n tl n ( "S t u c k a t bi t _ c ou n t " + bi t _ c ou n t ) ; / / e nd

t e s t _z e r o _b y t e: a c ti o n == > g u a r d d o ne _ r e ad i n g_ b i t s( ) , b i ta n d ( r e a d_ r e s ul t ( ) , 2 5 5 ) = 0 e n d

t e s t _o n e _ by t e : a c t io n = => g u a r d d o ne _ r e ad i n g_ b i t s( ) , b i ta n d ( r e a d_ r e s ul t ( ) , 2 5 5 ) = 1 e n d

r e q u es t _ b yt e : a c t i on = = > g u a r d d o ne _ r e ad i n g_ b i t s( ) d o s e t_ b i t s_ t o _r e a d ( 8 ) ; e n d

r e q u es t _ v ol : ac t i o n = = > d o s e t_ b i t s_ t o _r e a d ( V O L _S T A R T_ C O DE _ L E NG T H ); e n d

s c h e du l e fs m st u c k _1 a / * l o o k_ f o r _v o */ :

/ / P r o c es s a n e w V O L l o ok _ f o r_ v o ( lo o k _ fo r _ vo ) - - > v o _ h ea d e r; v o _h e a d er ( ge n e r ic _ d on e ) - - > s t u c k; v o _h e a d er ( vo _ h e ad e r .g o o d ) - - > l o o k _f o r _v o l ;

/ / P r o c es s a n e w V O L l o ok _ f o r_ v o l ( ge n e r ic _ d on e ) - - > s t u c k; l o ok _ f o r_ v o l ( vo l _ s ta r t co d e . go o d ) - - > v o l _ ob j e ct ; v o l_ o b j ec t ( vo l _ o bj e c t_ l a y er _ i d en t i f ic a t io n ) - - > v o l _ as p e ct ; v o l_ a s p ec t ( vo l _ a sp e c t. d e t ai l e d ) - - > v o l _ co n t ro l ; v o l_ a s p ec t ( ge n e r ic _ d on e ) - - > v o l _ co n t ro l ; v o l_ c o n tr o l ( vo l _ c on t r ol . d e ta i l e d ) - - > v o l _ vb v ; v o l_ c o n tr o l ( ge n e r ic _ d on e _ w it h _ b it r e a d ) - - > v o l _ sh a p e; v o l_ v b v ( vo l _ v bv . d et a i l ed ) - - > v o l _ sh a p e; v o l_ v b v ( ge n e r ic _ d on e _ w it h _ b it r e a d ) - - > v o l _ sh a p e; v o l_ s h a pe ( vo l _ s ha p e ) - - > v o l _ ti m e _i n c _ re s ; v o l_ t i m e_ i n c_ r e s ( vo l _ t im e _ in c _ r es ) - - > v o l _ wi d t h; v o l_ w i d th ( vo l _ w id t h ) - - > v o l _ he i g ht ; v o l_ h e i gh t ( vo l _ h ei g h t ) - - > v o l _ mi s c ; / / v o l _ mi s c ( v o l_ m i sc . u n su p p o rt e d ) -- > s tu c k ; v o l_ m i s c ( ge n e r ic _ d on e ) - - > l o o k _f o r _v o p ;

/ / P r o c es s a n e w V O P l o ok _ f o r_ v o p ( by t e _ al i g n ) - - > g e t _ vo p _ co d e ; g e t_ v o p _c o d e ( ge t _ v op _ c od e ) - - > v o p _ co d e ; v o p_ c o d e ( vo _ h e ad e r .g o o d ) - - > l o o k _f o r _v o l ; / / DB P : pe r m it c o nc a t e na t i o n o f s e q u en c e s w i t h ou t pr o p e r e n d c o d e v o p_ c o d e ( vo p _ c od e . do n e ) - - > l o o k _f o r _v o ; / / DB P : st a r t f r o m t h e b e g i nn i n g v o p_ c o d e ( vo p _ c od e . st a r t ) - - > v o p _ pr e d ic t ; v o p_ c o d e ( ge n e r ic _ d on e ) - - > s t u c k; v o p_ p r e di c t ( vo p _ p re d i ct / * . s u p po r t e d * / ) - - > v o p _ ti m e ba s e ; / / v o p _ pr e d ic t ( g e ne r i c_ d o n e ) -- > s tu c k ; v o p_ t i m eb a s e ( vo p _ t im e b as e . o ne ) - - > v o p _ ti m e ba s e ; v o p_ t i m eb a s e ( vo p _ t im e b as e . z er o ) - - > v o p _ co d i ng ; v o p_ c o d in g ( vo p _ c od i n g. u n c od e d ) - - > l o o k _f o r _v o p ;v op _ c o di n g ( v o p _ co d i n g. c o de d ) - - > s e n d_ n e w _v o p _i n f o ;s en d _ n ew _ v o p_ i n fo ( s e n d _n e w _ vo p _ cm d ) - - > s e n d_ n e w _v o p _w i d t h;s en d _ n ew _ v o p_ w i dt h ( s e n d _n e w _ vo p _ wi d t h ) - - > s e n d_ n e w _v o p _h e i g ht ;s en d _ n ew _ v o p_ h e ig h t ( s e n d _n e w _ vo p _ he i g h t ) - - > m b ;

/ / S t a r t M B m b ( m b _d o n e ) - - > l o ok _ f o r_ v o p ;m b ( m c b p c_ p v o p_ u n c od e d ) - - > pv o p _u n c o de d 1 ;p vo p _ u nc o d e d1 ( m c b p c_ p v o p_ u n c od e d 1 ) - - > pv o p _u n c o de d 2 ;p vo p _ u nc o d e d2 ( m c b p c_ p v o p_ u n c od e d 1 ) - - > pv o p _u n c o de d 3 ;p vo p _ u nc o d e d3 ( m c b p c_ p v o p_ u n c od e d 1 ) - - > pv o p _u n c o de d 4 ;p vo p _ u nc o d e d4 ( m c b p c_ p v o p_ u n c od e d 1 ) - - > pv o p _u n c o de d 5 ;p vo p _ u nc o d e d5 ( m c b p c_ p v o p_ u n c od e d 1 ) - - > mb ; m b ( g e t_ m c b pc ) - - > g e t_ m b t yp e ; g e t_ m b t yp e ( v l d_ f a i lu r e ) - - > s t uc k ; g e t_ m b t yp e ( g e t_ m b t yp e ) - - > f i na l _ c bp y ; f i na l _ c bp y ( v l d_ f a i lu r e ) - - > s t uc k ; f i na l _ c bp y ( f i na l _ c bp y _ i nt r a ) - - > b l oc k ; f i na l _ c bp y ( f i na l _ c bp y _ i nt e r ) - - > m v ; / / p r o c es s al l b lo c k s i n a n M B b l oc k ( m b _ di s p a tc h _ d on e ) - - > m b ; b l oc k ( m b _ di s p a tc h _ i nt r a ) - - > t e x tu r e ; b l oc k ( m b _ di s p a tc h _ i nt e r _a c _ c od e d ) - - > t e x tu r e ; b l oc k ( m b _ di s p a tc h _ i nt e r _n o _ a c ) - - > b l o ck ;

/ / S t a r t t e xt u r e t e xt u r e ( v l d _s t a r t_ i n t ra ) - - > g e t _d c _ b it s ; t e xt u r e ( v l d _s t a r t_ i n t er ) - - > t e x ac ; g e t_ d c _ bi t s ( g e t_ d c _ bi t s . no n e ) - - > t e x ac ; g e t_ d c _ bi t s ( g e t_ d c _ bi t s . so m e ) - - > g e t _d c ; g e t_ d c _ bi t s ( v l d_ f a i lu r e ) - - > s t u ck ; g e t_ d c ( d c _b i t s _s h i f t ) - - > g e t _d c _ a ; g e t_ d c _ a ( g e t_ d c ) - - > t e x ac ; t e xa c ( b l oc k _ d on e ) - - > b l o ck ; t e xa c ( d c t_ c o e ff ) - - > v l d 1; v l d1 ( v l d_ c o d e ) - - > t e x ac ; v l d1 ( v l d_ l e v el ) - - > v l d 4; v l d1 ( v l d_ r u n _o r _ d ir e c t ) - - > v l d 7; v l d7 ( v l d_ r u n ) - - > v l d 6; v l d7 ( v l d_ d i r ec t _ r ea d ) - - > v l d _d i r e ct ; v l d1 ( v l d_ f a i lu r e ) - - > s t u ck ; v l d_ d i r ec t ( v l d_ d i r ec t ) - - > t e x ac ; v l d4 ( do _ l ev e l _ lo o k u p ) -- > v ld 4 a ; v l d4 ( vl d _ fa i l u re ) - - > st u c k ; v l d4 a ( v l d _l e v e l_ l o o ku p ) - - > t e x a c; v l d6 ( do _ r un _ l o ok u p ) - - > vl d 6 a ; v l d6 ( vl d _ fa i l u re ) - - > st u c k ; v l d6 a ( v l d _r u n _ lo o k u p ) - - > t e x a c;

/ / m v ( ) m v ( m v c od e _ d on e ) - - > b l oc k ; m v ( m v c od e ) - - > m a g_ x ; m a g_ x ( v l d _f a i l ur e ) - - > s t uc k ; m a g_ x ( m a g _x ) - - > g e t_ r e si d u a l_ x ; g e t_ r e s id u a l_ x ( g e t _r e s i du a l _x ) - - > m v _y ; m v _y ( m v c od e ) - - > m a g_ y ; m a g_ y ( v l d _f a i l ur e ) - - > s t uc k ; m a g_ y ( m a g _y ) - - > g e t_ r e si d u a l_ y ; g e t_ r e s id u a l_ y ( g e t _r e s i du a l _y ) - - > m v ;

/ / s t u c k( s tu c k ) - - > s t u c k_ f o r_ g o o d; / / D B P : a d d m i n i ma l e rr o r re s i li e n c e. / / b y t e a l i gn , t he n l oo k f or a V O h ea d e r s t a r ti n g o n a ny b y te b o un d a ry . / / C a n ' t h a nd l e bi t i ns e r t io n or d e le t i o n, o b vi o u sl y . Th e V O h e a de r / / i s h ex 0 00 0 0 1 00 . s t uc k ( by t e _ al i g n ) - - > s t u ck _ 1 a ;

s t uc k _ 1 a ( re q u e st _ b y te ) - - > s t u ck _ 1 b ; s t uc k _ 1 b ( te s t _ ze r o _ by t e ) - - > s t u ck _ 2 a ; s t uc k _ 1 b ( ge n e r ic _ d o ne ) - - > s t u ck _ 1 a ;

s t uc k _ 2 a ( re q u e st _ b y te ) - - > s t u ck _ 2 b ; s t uc k _ 2 b ( te s t _ ze r o _ by t e ) - - > s t u ck _ 3 a ; s t uc k _ 2 b ( ge n e r ic _ d o ne ) - - > s t u ck _ 1 a ;

s t uc k _ 3 a ( re q u e st _ b y te ) - - > s t u ck _ 3 b ; s t uc k _ 3 b ( te s t _ ze r o _ by t e ) - - > s t u ck _ 3 a ; s t uc k _ 3 b ( te s t _ on e _ b yt e ) - - > s t u ck _ 4 a ; s t uc k _ 3 b ( ge n e r ic _ d o ne ) - - > s t u ck _ 1 a ;

s t uc k _ 4 a ( re q u e st _ b y te ) - - > s t u ck _ 4 b ; s t uc k _ 4 b ( te s t _ ze r o _ by t e ) - - > r e q ue s t _ vo l ; // F ou n d a g o o d V O he a d er ( A ss u m e s V O ID f ie l d = 0) s t uc k _ 4 b ( ge n e r ic _ d o ne ) - - > s t u ck _ 1 a ;

r e qu e s t _v o l ( r e qu e s t _v o l ) - - > l o o k_ f o r _v o l ;

e n d

p r i o ri t y v o _h e a d er . g oo d > ge n e ri c _ d on e ; v o l_ a s p ec t . de t a i le d > ge n e ri c _ d on e ; v o l_ c o n tr o l .d e t a il e d > ge n e ri c _ d on e _ w it h _ b it r e ad ; v o l_ v b v .d e t ai l e d > ge n e ri c _ d on e _ w it h _ b it r e ad ; / / v o l _ mi s c .u n s u pp o r t ed > g en e r i c_ d o n e;

v o p_ c o d e. d o ne > ge n e ri c _ d on e ; v o p_ c o d e. s t ar t > ge n e ri c _ d on e ; / / v o p _ pr e d ic t . s up p o r te d > g en e r i c_ d o n e; v o p_ t i m eb a s e. o n e > vo p _ ti m e b as e . z er o ; v o p_ c o d in g . un c o d ed > vo p _ co d i n g. c o d ed ; m b _d o n e > g et _ m c bp c ; m b _d o n e > m cb p c _ pv o p _ un c o d ed ; g e t_ m c b pc . p vo p > m c b p c_ p v o p_ u n co d e d ;

g e t_ m b t yp e . no a c > g e t _m b t y pe . a c; f i na l _ c bp y _ in t e r > f i na l _ c bp y _ in t r a ; m b _d i s p at c h _d o n e > m b _d i s p at c h _i n t r a > m b _d i s p at c h _i n t e r_ n o _ ac > mb _ d is p a t ch _ i n te r _ a c_ c o de d ;

v l d_ s t a rt _ i nt r a > v l d _s t a r t_ i n te r ; g e t_ d c _ bi t s .n o n e > g e t_ d c _ bi t s .s o m e ; b l oc k _ d on e > d c t _c o e f f; v l d_ c o d e > vl d _ l ev e l > v l d _r u n _o r _ d ir e c t ; v l d_ r u n > v ld _ d i re c t _ re a d ;

v l d_ s t a rt _ i nt e r . ac _ c o de d > v l d _s t a r t_ i n t er . n o t_ a c _c o d e d;

m v co d e _ do n e > m v co d e ; t e st _ z e ro _ b yt e > g e n e ri c _ d on e ; t e st _ o n e_ b y te > g e n e ri c _ d on e ; e n d

e nd

/* BE G I N CO P Y R IG H T X

Co p y r ig h t (c ) 20 0 4 - 20 0 6 , X i l i nx I nc .Al l r ig h t s r e s er v e d .

Re d i s tr i b u ti o n a n d us e i n s o u rc e an d b in a r y f o r m s, wi t h or w i th o u t m o d if i c a ti o n , a r e p e r m it t e d p r o v id e d th a t th e f ol l o wi n g co n d i ti o n s a r e m e t :- R e d is t r i bu t i on s o f s o u rc e c od e mu s t re t a i n t h e a b o ve c o p yr i g ht n o ti c e , t h i s l i s t o f co n d i ti o n s a n d th e f o l lo w i ng d i sc l a i me r .- R e d is t r i bu t i on s i n b i n ar y f or m mu s t re p r o du c e th e a b o ve c op y r i gh t n ot i c e , t h i s l i st o f c o n d it i o n s a n d t h e f o l lo w i n g d i s cl a i m er i n t h e d o c u me n t a ti o n an d / or o t h er m at e r i al s p ro v i d ed w i th t he d i st r i b ut i o n .- N e i th e r th e na m e of t h e c o p yr i g ht h o ld e r no r t he n am e s o f it s co n t r ib u t o rs m a y b e us e d t o e nd o r s e o r pr o m ot e p r o du c t s d e r iv e d fr o m th i s so f t wa r e wi t h o ut s p ec i f ic p r i or w ri t t e n p e r mi s s i on .TH I S SO F T W AR E IS P R OV I D E D B Y TH E CO P Y R IG H T HO L D E RS A ND CO N T R IB U T O RS " AS I S " A N D A N Y EX P R ES S O R I M P LI E D WA R R AN T I E S, IN C L U DI N G , B U T N O T LI M I T ED T O , T H E I M P LI E D WA R R A NT I E S O F ME R C H AN T A B IL I T Y A N D F I T N ES S F OR A P A R T IC U L A R P U R PO S E A R E DI S C L AI M E D . I N N O E VE N T SH A L L T H E C O P Y RI G H T O W N E R O R CO N T R IB U T O RS B E L I A BL E F OR A N Y D I RE C T , I N D I RE C T , I N C ID E N T AL , SP E C I AL , E XE M P LA R Y , O R C ON S E Q UE N T IA L D AM A G E S ( I N CL U D IN G , BU T NO T L IM I T E D T O , P R O CU R E M EN T O F S U BS T I T UT E G OO D S OR S ER V I C ES ; LO S S OF U S E, D AT A , OR P R OF I T S ; O R B U S I NE S S IN T E R RU P T IO N ) HO W E V ER C A US E D A N D ON A N Y T H E OR Y OF L I AB I L I TY , W HE T H ER I N CO N T R AC T , ST R I CT L I AB I L I TY , O R T O RT ( I NC L U D IN G N EG L I GE N C E O R OT H E R WI S E ) A R I SI N G IN A N Y W A Y O U T O F T HE U S E O F TH I S SO F T W AR E , EV E N I F A DV I S E D O F TH E PO S S I BI L I T Y O F SU C H D A M A GE .EN D C O PY R I G HT*/// P a rs e H e ad e r s. c a l//// A u th o r : D a v id B . P a r l ou r ( da v e .p a r l ou r @ x il i n x .c o m )//

im p o r t a l l c a l tr o p . li b . B it O p s ;

// B T YP E O ut p u t// A si n g l e s t re a m of c o nt r o l t o k en s i s s e n t o n th e BT Y P E o u t p ut t o d i s tr i b u te// V O P a n d b l o ck t y pe i n fo r m a ti o n . A m in i m u m o f 12 b it s i s r e q ui r e d f o r t h i s t o k e n,// w h ic h a ls o se n d s t h e VO P w id t h a n d he i g h t p a r am e t er s . Th e r el e v a nt p ar a m e te r s ar e :

// M B_ C O O RD _ S Z - s i z e o f a ny v ar i a b le t h at c o nt a i ns a ma c r o bl o c k c o o rd i n a te// B TY P E _ SZ - s i ze o f t h e BT Y P E o u t pu t ( mi n . 12 )// B it s t o s i gn a l to k e n t y p e// N EW V O P 2 0 4 8// I NT R A 1 0 2 4// I NT E R 5 1 2

// I f t h e N E W VO P b it s i s s e t , t h e f o l lo w i n g f i e ld c an b e m a s k ed o f f:// Q UA N T _ MA S K 31// R OU N D _ TY P E 32// F CO D E _ MA S K 4 48// F CO D E _ SH I F T 6

// T he n e xt t wo t o ke n s af t e r N E W VO P a re t h e w i d th a nd h e ig h t in m a cr o b lo c k s

// T he I N TE R ty p e al s o ha s// A CP R E D 1// A CC O D E D 2// F OU R M V 4// M OT I O N 8// T he I N TR A ty p e al s o ha s A CP R E D

ac t o r P a r s eH e a de r s ( / / M a x im u m im a g e w i d t h ( i n u n i ts o f m a c r ob l o ck s ) th a t t h e d ec o d er c a n h a nd l e . / / I t is u s ed t o a l l o ca t e l i n e b u f fe r s p ac e at c o mp i l e t i m e . i nt M A XW _ I N _M B ,

i n t M B _ CO O R D _S Z , i n t B T Y PE _ S Z , i n t M V _ SZ , i n t N E W VO P , i n t I N T RA , i n t I N T ER , i n t Q U A NT _ M A SK , i n t R O U ND _ T Y PE , i n t F C O DE _ M A SK , i n t F C O DE _ S H IF T , i n t A C P RE D , i n t A C C OD E D , i n t F O U RM V , i n t M O T IO N , i n t S A M PL E _ C OU N T _ SZ , i n t S A M PL E _ S Z ) b o ol b it s = => i n t( s i z e= B T YP E _ S Z) B T YP E , in t ( si z e = MV _ S Z ) M V , i n t (s i z e =S A M P LE _ C O UN T _ SZ ) R UN , i nt ( s i ze = S AM P L E _S Z ) VA L U E , b o ol L A ST :

/ / Co n s ta n t s f o r va r i o us f i el d le n g t hs ( b it s ) an d sp e c i al v a lu e s .

i n t V O _ HE A D E R_ L E N GT H = 2 7 ; i n t V O _ NO _ S H OR T _ H EA D E R = 8 ; i n t V O _ ID _ L E NG T H = 5 ;

i n t V O L _S T A R T_ C O D E_ L E N GT H = 2 8 ; i n t V O L _S T A R T_ C O D E = 1 8 ; i n t V O L _I D _ L EN G T H = 5 ; i n t V I D EO _ O B JE C T _ TY P E _ IN D I C AT I O N_ L E N GT H = 8 ; i n t V I S UA L _ O BJ E C T _L A Y E R_ V E R ID _ L EN G T H = 4 ; i n t V I S UA L _ O BJ E C T _L A Y E R_ P R I OR I T Y_ L E N GT H = 3 ; i n t A S P EC T _ R AT I O _ IN F O _ LE N G T H = 4 ; i n t A S P EC T _ R AT I O _ IN F O _ IS _ D E TA I L ED = 1 5 ; i n t P A R _W I D T H_ L E N GT H = 8 ; i n t P A R _H E I G HT _ L E NG T H = 8 ; i n t C H R OM A _ F OR M A T _L E N G TH = 2 ; i n t L O W _D E L A Y_ L E N GT H = 1 ; i n t F I R ST _ H A LF _ B I T_ R A T E_ L E N GT H = 1 5 ; i n t L A S T_ H A L F_ B I T _R A T E _L E N G TH = 1 5 ; i n t F I R ST _ H A LF _ V B V_ B U F _S Z _ L EN G T H = 1 5 ; i n t L A S T_ H A L F_ V B V _B U F _ SZ _ L E NG T H = 3 ; i n t F I R ST _ H A LF _ V B V_ O C C _L E N G TH = 1 1 ; i n t L A S T_ H A L F_ V B V _O C C _ LE N G T H = 1 5 ; i n t V O L _S H A P E_ L E N GT H = 2 ; i n t M A R KE R _ L EN G T H = 1 ; i n t T I M E_ I N C _R E S _ LE N G T H = 1 6 ; i n t V O L _W I D T H_ L E N GT H = 1 3 ; i n t V O L _H E I G HT _ L E NG T H = 1 3 ;

/ / i nt T IM E _ I NC _ R E S_ M A S K = l s hi f t ( 1 , TI M E _ IN C _ R ES _ L EN G T H ) - 1; / / No t e : m a s k o f f w i d t h, h e ig h t i n u ni t s of M B s, n ot p i xe l s / / i nt V OL _ W I DT H _ M AS K = l s hi f t ( 1 , VO L _ W ID T H _ LE N G TH - 4 ) - 1; / / i nt V OL _ H E IG H T _ MA S K = l s hi f t ( 1 , VO L _ H EI G H T _L E N GT H - 4 ) - 1; / / i nt A SP E C T _R A T I O_ I N F O_ M A S K = l s hi f t ( 1 , AS P E C T_ R A T IO _ I NF O _ L EN G T H ) - 1;

i n t R U N _L E N G TH = 6 ; i n t R U N _M A S K = l s h i ft ( 1, R U N_ L E N GT H ) - 1 ; i n t L E V EL _ L E NG T H = 1 2 ; i n t L E V EL _ M A SK = l s h i ft ( 1, L E VE L _ L EN G T H ) - 1 ;

/ / co u n t o f mi s c VO L b it s : / / i nt e r l ac e d O B M C_ d i s ab l e d v o l_ s p r it e _ u sa g e n o t_ 8 _ b it / / v ol _ q u an t _ t yp e c o m pl e x i ty _ e s t_ d i s ab l e r e sy n c _ ma r k e r_ d i sa b l e d a ta _ p a rt i t io n i n g_ e n a bl e / / s ca l a b il i t y / / No t e : W e as s u m e d a t a_ p a r ti t i on i n g _e n a b le i s a l w ay s f al s e , s o t he m od e l / / d o e s n o t d o a c o n d it i o na l r ea d o f r e v er s i bl e _ v lc _ e n ab l e i n t M I S C_ B I T _L E N G TH = 9;

i n t V O P _S T A R T_ C O D E_ L E N GT H = 3 2 ; i n t V O P _S T A R T_ C O D E = 4 3 8 ; i n t V O P _P R E D IC T I O N_ L E N GT H = 2 ; i n t B _ V OP = 2 ; i n t P _ V OP = 1 ; i n t I _ V OP = 0 ; i n t I N T RA _ D C _V L C _ TH R _ L EN G T H = 3 ; i n t V O P _F C O D E_ F O R _L E N G TH = 3 ; i n t V O P _F C O D E_ F O R _M A S K = l s h if t ( 1, V OP _ F C OD E _ F OR _ L E NG T H ) - 1; i n t B I T S_ Q U A NT = 5 ; i n t B I T S_ Q U A NT _ M A SK = l s h if t ( 1, B IT S _ Q UA N T ) - 1; i n t M C B PC _ L E NG T H = 9 ; i n t E S C AP E _ C OD E = 7 1 6 7;

f u n ct i o n m a s k_ b i t s( v , n ) -- > in t : b it a n d ( v , ls h i ft ( 1 , n )- 1 ) e n d / / Ut i l it y a ct i o n t o r ea d a s p e ci f i e d n u m be r o f b i ts . / / Th i s i s a n u n n am e d ac t i o n, i e i t is a l wa y s en a b le d a nd h a s h i g he s t p r i o ri t y . / / Us e th e p ro c e d ur e s se t _ b it s _ to _ r e ad ( ) to s t ar t re a d i ng , t es t f or / / co m p le t i o n w i t h t h e b o o l ea n do n e _ re a d i ng _ b i ts ( ) a n d ge t t he v a lu e / / wi t h r e a d _r e s u lt ( ) . U s e th e do n e fu n c t io n i n a gu a r d t o w ai t f or t he / / re a d in g t o b e co m p l et e . i n t (s i z e= 7 ) bi t s _ to _ r e ad _ c o un t := - 1 ; i n t (s i z e= 3 3 ) r e a d _r e s u lt _ i n _p r o gr e s s ; p r o ce d u re s e t_ b i t s_ t o _ re a d ( i n t c o u n t ) b e g in b it s _ t o_ r e a d_ c o un t : = c o u nt - 1; r ea d _ r es u l t _i n _ pr o g r e ss : = 0 ; e n d f u n ct i o n d o n e_ r e a di n g _ bi t s ( ) - - > b o o l : b it s _ t o_ r e ad _ c o un t < 0 e n d f u n ct i o n r e a d_ r e s ul t ( ) - - > in t : r e a d_ r e s ul t _ i n_ p r og r e s s e n d a c t io n bi t s : [ b ] = = > g u a rd n ot d o ne _ r e ad i n g_ b i t s () d o r ea d _ r es u l t _i n _ pr o g r e ss : = b i t or ( ls h i f t ( r e ad _ r e su l t _i n _ p r og r e ss , 1 ), i f b t he n 1 e l s e 0 e nd ) ; b it s _ t o_ r e a d_ c o un t : = b i t s_ t o _ re a d _c o u n t - 1 ; b it _ c o un t : = b i t_ c o u n t + 1; e n d

i n t (s i z e= 4 ) bi t _ c ou n t := 0 ;

/* * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * s ta r t VO L * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * /

/ / DB P : m o d i fi e d to s u pp o r t o n l y V O _ NO _ S H OR T _ H EA D E R l o o k_ f o r_ v o : a c t i on = = > d o s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( V O _ HE A D ER _ L E NG T H + V O _ ID _ L EN G T H ) ; e n d

/ / We c an o n ly h a nd l e VO L w it h o ut s h or t h ea d e r v o _ he a d er . g o od : a ct i o n = = > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) , m as k _ b it s ( rs h i ft ( r e ad _ r es u l t () , VO _ I D _ LE N G TH ) , V O _ HE A D E R _L E N GT H ) = V O_ N O _ SH O R T _H E A D ER d o s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( V O L _S T A RT _ C O DE _ L EN G T H ); e n d v o l _s t a rt c o d e. g o o d: a c ti o n == > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) , m as k _ b it s ( re a d _r e s u l t( ) , V O L _ ST A R T_ C O D E _L E N GT H ) = V OL _ S T A RT _ C OD E d o / / I g n or e t he n ex t t w o f i el d s s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( V O L _I D _ LE N G T H + VI D E O _ OB J E CT _ T Y PE _ I ND I C A T IO N _ LE N G T H ) ; e n d

v o l _o b j ec t _ l ay e r _ id e n t if i c a ti o n : a c t io n b it s : [ b] = => g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) d o s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( i f b t h en / / i s _o b j e ct _ l a ye r _ i de n t if i e r a s s e rt e d V IS U A L_ O B J EC T _ L AY E R _ VE R I D_ L E N GT H + V I S U AL _ O BJ E C T _L A Y E R_ P R I OR I T Y_ L E N GT H + A S P E CT _ R AT I O _ IN F O _ LE N G T H e l s e A SP E C T_ R A T IO _ I N FO _ L E NG T H e n d ) ; b it _ c o un t : = b i t_ c o u n t + 1; e n d

v o l _a s p ec t . d et a i l ed : a ct i o n = = > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) , m as k _ b it s ( re a d _r e s u l t( ) , A S P E CT _ R AT I O _ I NF O _ LE N G T H ) = A S P E CT _ R AT I O _ IN F O _I S _ D ET A I L ED d o / / S k i p o v e r a s pe c t r at i o d e t a il s s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( P A R _W I D TH _ L E NG T H + P A R _H E I GH T _ L EN G T H ) ; e n d

v o l _c o n tr o l . de t a i le d : ac t i o n b i ts : [ b ] = = > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) , b d o s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( C H R OM A _ FO R M A T_ L E NG T H + L O W _D E L A Y_ L E NG T H ) ; b it _ c o un t : = b i t_ c o u n t + 1; e n d v o l _v b v .d e t a il e d : a c t i on b i ts : [ b] = = > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) , b d o s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( F IR S T _H A L F _B I T _R A T E _ LE N G TH + M AR K E R _ LE N G TH + LA S T _H A L F _B I T _ RA T E _ LE N G TH + M AR K E R _L E N GT H + FI R S T_ H A L F_ V B V _B U F _ SZ _ L EN G T H + M AR K E R _L E N GT H + LA S T _H A L F _V B V _ BU F _ S Z_ L E NG T H + FI R S T_ H A L F_ V B V _O C C _ LE N G TH + M AR K E R _L E N GT H + LA S T _H A L F _V B V _ OC C _ L EN G T H + M AR K E R _L E N GT H ) ; b it _ c o un t : = b i t_ c o u n t + 1; e n d

v o l _s h a pe : a ct i o n = = > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) d o s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( V O L _S H A PE _ L E NG T H + M A R KE R _ LE N G T H + TI M E _ I NC _ R ES _ L E NG T H + M A RK E R _ LE N G T H + 1 ) ; e n d

i n t (s i z e= 7 ) my l o g ;

v o l _t i m e_ i n c _r e s : a c t i on = = > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) v a r i nt ( s i ze = T I ME _ I NC _ R E S _L E N GT H + 1 ) t i me _ i n c _r e s : = m as k _ bi t s ( rs h i ft ( r ea d _ re s u l t( ) , 2 ) , TI M E _I N C _ RE S _ L EN G T H ) , / / p ic k o ut t h e t i me _ i n c _r e s f i e l d i nt ( s i ze = 7 ) c o u nt : = 0, i nt ( s i ze = 7 ) o n e s : = 0 d o w hi l e ( c o u nt = 0 o r ti m e _i n c _ re s != 0 ) d o i f b it a n d( t i me _ i n c_ r e s , 1 ) = 1 t h e n o ne s : = o n e s + 1 ; e n d c o u n t : = c o u n t + 1 ; t i m e _i n c _r e s := r s hi f t ( t i m e_ i n c _r e s , 1 ) ; e nd m yl o g := i f o n e s > 1 th e n c o u n t e l se c o u nt - 1 e n d; m yl o g := i f m y l og < 1 t h e n 1 e ls e my l o g en d ; s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( i f b it a n d( r e ad _ r es u l t ( ), 1 ) = 1 t h en / / f ix e d v o p ra t e / / m y lo g + M A R KE R _ L EN G T H m y l o g e ls e / / v ar i a bl e v op r a te / / M A RK E R _L E N G TH 0 e nd + MA R K E R_ L E NG T H + V O L _W I D T H_ L E NG T H + M A R KE R _ L EN G T H ) ; e n d

/ / Th e vo l w id t h an d h ei g h t i n un i t s o f m ac r o b lo c k s, i e . t h e p i x e l w / h d i v id e d by 1 6 . / / No t e : t h e re i s n o p ro v i s io n in t h e m o d el f o r p i xe l s iz e s th a t ar e no m u lt i p l es o f 1 6 . i n t (s i z e= M B _ CO O R D _S Z ) vo l _ w id t h ; i n t (s i z e= M B _ CO O R D _S Z ) vo l _ h ei g h t;

v o l _w i d th : a ct i o n = = > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) d o v ol _ w i dt h := m as k _ b i ts ( rs h i f t( r ea d _ r e su l t () , M AR K E R_ L E N G TH + 4 ) , V O L _W I D T H_ L E N GT H - 4 ) ; // s t ri p m ar k e r a n d d i v i de b y 1 6 s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( V O L _H E I GH T _ L EN G T H + M A RK E R _L E N G TH ) ; e n d

v o l _h e i gh t : ac t i o n = = > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) d o v ol _ h e ig h t : = ma s k _ b it s ( r s h i ft ( re a d _ r es u l t( ) , MA R K ER _ L E N GT H + 4 ), V OL _ H E IG H T _ LE N G T H ) ; / / s tr i p ma r k e r a n d d i v id e b y 1 6 s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( M I S C_ B I T_ L E N GT H ); e n d

/ / De t e ct u n su p p o rt e d fe a t u re s : / / in t e rl a c e d, s p ri t e s , n o t 8 - b it p i xe l s , n o t us i n g m e t ho d 2 q u a n ti z a ti o n , d a t a p a r t it i o ni n g , s c a l ab i l i ty / / vo l _ mi s c . un s u p po r t e d: a c ti o n = = > / / gu a r d / / d o ne _ r e ad i n g _b i t s () , / / t e s t m a s k i s 9 - b i t b i n ar y 1 01 1 1 00 1 1 / / b i ta n d ( r e a d _r e s u lt ( ) , 3 7 1 ) ! = 0 / / en d

/* * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * s ta r t VO P * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * /

b y t e_ a l ig n : ac t i o n = = > d o s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( 8 - b i t an d ( bi t _ co u n t , 7 ) ) ; e n d

/ / No t e : n o ch e c k f o r co r r e ct b it s t uf f i n g

g e t _v o p _c o d e : a c t io n = => g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) d o s et _ b i ts _ t o _r e a d( V O P _S T A RT _ C O DE _ L EN G T H ); e n d

/ / No t e : t h e m o d e l d o e s n o t s u p po r t us e r da t a he r e v o p _c o d e. d o n e: a c ti o n == > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) , r ea d _ r es u l t () = 1 d o b it _ c o un t : = 0 ; e n d i n t (s i z e= M B _ CO O R D _S Z ) mb x ; i n t (s i z e= M B _ CO O R D _S Z ) mb y ;

v o p _c o d e. s t a rt : a ct i o n = = > g u a rd d on e _ r ea d i n g_ b i ts ( ) , r ea d _ r es u l t () = V O P _ S TA R T _C O D E

d o m b x : = 0 ; m b y : = 0 ; s e t _b i t s_ t o _ re a d ( V O P _ PR E D I CT I O N_ L E N GT H ) ; en d

// i n t( s i z e= 2 ) p r e d ic t i o n_ t y p e;

// v o p_ p r e di c t .s u p p or t e d : a c t io n == > // g u ar d // do n e _ re a d in g _ b it s ( ) , // ma s k _ bi t s ( r e a d_ r e s ul t ( ) , V O P_ P R E DI C T I ON _ L E NG T H ) = I_ V O P o r // ma s k _ bi t s ( r e a d_ r e s ul t ( ) , V O P_ P R E DI C T I ON _ L E NG T H ) = P_ V O P // d o // pr e d i ct i o n_ t y p e : = re a d _ re s u lt ( ) ; // e n d

bo o l pr e d i ct i o n_ i s _ IV O P ;

vo p _ p re d i c t: a ct i o n = = > gu a r d d o n e_ r e ad i n g _b i t s () do p r e di c t io n _ i s_ I V O P : = ma s k _ bi t s ( r e a d_ r e s ul t ( ) , V O P_ P R E DI C T I ON _ L E NG T H ) = I_ V O P ; en d // N o te : t he m od e l do e s no t s up p o rt t i me _ b a se . I t j u st s k ip s o ve r t he r ig h t nu m b e r o f bi t s . vo p _ t im e b a se . o ne : a ct i o n b i t s :[ b ] = = > gu a r d b do / / Sk i p o v e r m o d u le - t i me _ b a se b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; en d vo p _ t im e b a se . z er o : a ct i o n b i t s :[ b ] = = > do b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; s e t _b i t s_ t o _ re a d ( M A R K ER _ L E NG T H + m y lo g + M A R K ER _ L EN G T H ) ; en d

in t ( s iz e = 4 ) c o mp ;

// T O DO : t he m od e l do e s no t c om m u ni c a t e t o th e d is p l ay d r iv e r // t o r e - u se t he c u rr e n t V O P in p la c e of t h e u n c od e d o n e . vo p _ c od i n g .u n c od e d : a c t i on b i ts : [ b] = = > gu a r d d o n e_ r e ad i n g _b i t s () , n o t b do c o m p : = 0 ; b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; en d

vo p _ c od i n g .c o d ed : a ct i o n b i t s :[ b ] = = > gu a r d d o n e_ r e ad i n g _b i t s () do s e t _b i t s_ t o _ re a d ( if n ot p r ed i c t io n _ i s_ I V OP t h en / / ro u n d_ t y p e, i n tr a _ d c_ v l c _t h r [3 ] , vo p _ q ua n t [ 5] , vo p _ f co d e _ fo r [ 3 ] 1 + I N T RA _ D C _V L C _ TH R _ L EN G T H + B IT S _ Q UA N T + V O P _F C O DE _ F O R_ L E N GT H el s e / / in t r a_ d c _ vl c _ t hr [ 3 ] , v o p _q u a nt [ 5 ] I N T RA _ D C_ V L C _T H R _ LE N G T H + B IT S _ QU A N T en d ); b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; en d

// i n t( s i z e= 1 0 ) r e s yn c _ m ar k e r _l e n gt h ; in t ( s iz e = V OP _ F CO D E _ FO R _ L EN G T H +1 ) fc o d e ;

se n d _ ne w _ v op _ c md : a ct i o n = = > BT Y P E: [ c md ] gu a r d d o n e_ r e ad i n g _b i t s () va r b o o l r o un d : = f a l se , i n t (s i z e= B T Y PE _ S Z ) c m d : = b it o r ( N E W VO P , if p r ed i c ti o n _ is _ I V OP t h en I NT R A el s e IN T E R e n d ) , i n t (s i z e= B I T S_ Q U A NT + 1 ) v o p _ qu a n t do i f no t pr e d i ct i o n _i s _ I VO P t he n r ou n d := b i ta n d ( r s h i ft ( re a d _ re s u lt ( ) , IN T R A_ D C _ VL C _ TH R _ L E NG T H + B I TS _ Q UA N T + V O P _F C O D E_ F O R_ L E N GT H ) , 1 ) = 1 ; v op _ q u an t : = b i ta n d ( rs h i ft ( r ea d _ re s u l t () , VO P _ F CO D E _F O R _ L EN G T H ) , BI T S _Q U A N T_ M A S K ) ; f co d e := b i ta n d ( r e a d _r e s ul t ( ) , V O P_ F C O D E_ F O R_ M A S K ) ; / / r e s yn c _ m ar k e r_ l e n g th : = 1 6 + f c od e ; e l s e v op _ q u an t : = b i ta n d ( re a d _r e s u lt ( ) , B I T S _Q U A NT _ M A SK ) ; f co d e := 0 ; / / r e s yn c _ m ar k e r_ l e n g th : = 1 7 ; e n d c m d : = bi t o r ( c m d , b i t an d ( v op _ q ua n t , QU A N T _M A S K ) ) ; c m d : = bi t o r ( c m d , i f ro u n d t h e n R O U ND _ T Y PE e l se 0 e n d ); c m d : = bi t o r ( c m d , b i t an d ( ls h i ft ( f co d e , F C O D E_ S H IF T ) , F C O D E_ M A S K) ) ;e n ds e nd _ n e w_ v o p _w i d t h: a ct i o n == > BT Y P E : [ vo l _ w i dt h ] e n d

s e nd _ n e w_ v o p _h e i g ht : ac t i o n = = > B T Y P E: [ v o l _ h ei g h t ] e nd

/ * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** s t a r t M B ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * /

in t C BP _ S Z = 7 ; in t ( s iz e = C BP _ S Z) c b p;

// A d va n c e t h e m b c oo r d i na t e s w i t h w r a p pr o c e du r e ne x t _m b x y () be g i n m b x : = mb x + 1 ; i f mb x = v o l _w i d t h t h e n m bx : = 0 ; m by : = m b y + 1 ; e n d en d // G o l o o k f o r n e x t V O P mb _ d o ne : a ct i o n = = > gu a r d m b y = v ol _ h e ig h t en d ;

ge t _ m cb p c . iv o p : a c t io n = => gu a r d p r e di c t io n _ i s_ I V O P do s t a rt _ v ld _ e n gi n e ( M C B P C_ I V O P_ S T AR T _ I ND E X ); en d

ge t _ m cb p c . pv o p : a c t io n b it s : [ b] = => gu a r d n o t p r e di c t i on _ i s _I V O P , n o t b do s t a rt _ v ld _ e n gi n e ( M C B P C_ P V O P_ S T AR T _ I ND E X ) ; b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; en d

// N o th i n g t o do - un c o d ed mc b p c _p v o p _u n c od e d : a c t i on b i ts : [ b] = = > B TY P E : [ I N T ER ] gu a r d n o t p r e di c t i on _ i s _I V O P do n e x t_ m b xy ( ) ; b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; en d

mc b p c _p v o p _u n c od e d 1 : a c t io n = => B TY P E : [ I N T ER ] en d bo o l ac p r e df l a g; bo o l bt y p e _i s _ IN T R A ; in t ( s iz e = C BP _ S Z) c b pc ; bo o l fo u r m vf l a g;

ge t _ m bt y p e .n o a c: a c ti o n == > gu a r d v l d _s u c ce s s ( ), t y p e ! = 3 , t y p e ! = 4 va r i n t m c b pc = vl d _ r es u l t () , i n t t y p e = b it a n d ( m c b pc , 7 ) do b t y pe _ i s_ I N T RA : = t y p e > = 3 ; f o u rm v f la g : = ( t y pe = 2) ; c b p c : = b i t a nd ( r sh i f t ( m c b pc , 4 ) , 3 ) ; a c p re d f la g : = f a l se ; s t a rt _ v ld _ e n gi n e ( C B P Y _S T A R T_ I N DE X ) ; en d

ge t _ m bt y p e .a c : a c t i on b i ts : [ b ] = = > gu a r d v l d _s u c ce s s ( ) va r i n t m c b pc = vl d _ r es u l t () , i n t t y p e = b it a n d ( m c b pc , 7 ) do b t y pe _ i s_ I N T RA : = t r u e ; c b p c : = b i t a nd ( r sh i f t ( m c b pc , 4 ) , 3 ) ; a c p re d f la g : = b ; b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; s t a rt _ v ld _ e n gi n e ( C B P Y _S T A R T_ I N DE X ) ; en d

bo o l ac _ c o de d ;

in t ( s iz e = 4 ) m v co m p ;

fi n a l _c b p y _i n t er : a ct i o n = = > gu a r d v l d _s u c ce s s ( ), n o t b t y pe _ i s _I N T R A va r i n t c b p y = 1 5 - v ld _ r e su l t ( ) do c o m p : = 0 ; m v c om p := 0 ; c b p : = bi t o r ( l s h if t ( cb p y , 2 ) , c b p c ) ; en d

fi n a l _c b p y _i n t ra : a ct i o n = = > gu a r d v l d _s u c ce s s ( ) va r i n t c b p y = v ld _ r e su l t ( ) do c o m p : = 0 ; c b p : = bi t o r ( l s h if t ( c bp y , 2) , cb p c ); en d

mb _ d i sp a t c h_ d o ne : a ct i o n = = > gu a r d c o m p = 6 do n e x t_ m b xy ( ) ; en d

mb _ d i sp a t c h_ i n tr a : ac t i o n = = > B T Y PE : [ cm d ] gu a r d b t y pe _ i s_ I N T RA va r i n t (s i z e= B T Y PE _ S Z ) c m d : = I NT R A do a c _ co d e d : = bi t a n d( c b p, l s hi f t ( 1 , 5 - co m p ) ) ! = 0 ; c m d : = bi t o r ( c m d , i f ac _ c o de d th e n AC C O D ED e l se 0 e n d ); c m d : = bi t o r ( c m d , i f ac p r e df l a g t h e n A C P RE D e ls e 0 e n d ) ; en d mb _ d i sp a t c h_ i n te r _ n o_ a c : a c t i on = => B T YP E : [ b i t o r( I NT E R , b i t o r( M O TI O N , i f fo u r m vf l a g t h e n F O U RM V e ls e 0 e n d ) ) ] gu a r d b i t an d ( c b p , l s h i ft ( 1 , 5 - c o mp ) ) = 0 do a c _ co d e d : = fa l s e ; c o m p : = c o m p + 1 ; en d

mb _ d i sp a t c h_ i n te r _ a c_ c o d ed : a ct i o n = = > B T Y P E: [ b it o r (b i t o r( I N TE R , AC C O DE D ) , b i t or ( M OT I O N, i f f o u r mv f l a g t h en F O UR M V el s e 0 e n d ) ) ] do a c _ co d e d : = tr u e ; en d

vl d _ s ta r t _ in t r a: a c ti o n == > gu a r d b t y pe _ i s_ I N T RA do s t a rt _ v ld _ e n gi n e ( i f c om p < 4 t he n D CB I T S _Y _ S T AR T _ IN D E X e l s e D C B I TS _ U V_ S T A RT _ I N DE X e nd ) ; b _ l as t := f a ls e ; en d

// T h er e a re A C c o e ff i c i en t s vl d _ s ta r t _ in t e r. a c _ co d e d : a c t io n == > gu a r d a c _ co d e d do b _ l as t := f a ls e ; en d

// N o A C c oe f f ic i e n ts vl d _ s ta r t _ in t e r. n o t _a c _ c od e d : a c t io n = => R U N: [ 0 ] , V A LU E : [ 0] , L AS T : [ tr u e ] do b _ l as t := t r ue ; en d // T h e Y D C v a lu e i s a t mo s t 12 b it s , UV a t m o s t 1 3 bi t s in t ( s iz e = 5 ) d c _b i t s ;

ge t _ d c_ b i t s. n o ne : a ct i o n = = > RU N : [0 ] , VA L U E :[ 0 ] , L A S T: [ n ot a c _c o d e d ] gu a r d v l d _s u c ce s s ( ), v l d _r e s ul t ( ) = 0 do b _ l as t := n o t a c _ co d e d ; en d

ge t _ d c_ b i t s. s o me : a ct i o n = = > gu a r d v l d _s u c ce s s ( ) do d c _ bi t s : = v ld _ r e su l t ( ); s e t _b i t s_ t o _ re a d ( d c _ b it s ) ; en d in t ( s iz e = 1 4) m sb _ r e su l t ; dc _ b i ts _ s h if t : a c t i on = = > va r i n t (s i z e= 5 ) co u n t = d c _b i t s , i n t (s i z e= 1 4 ) s h i f t = 1 do w h i le c ou n t > 1 d o s hi f t := l s hi f t ( s h i f t, 1 ) ; c ou n t := c o un t - 1 ; e n d m s b _r e s ul t : = s h i ft ; en d

ge t _ d c: a c ti o n = = > R U N : [0 ] , VA L U E: [ v ] , L A S T: [ n ot a c_ c o d ed ] gu a r d d o n e_ r e ad i n g _b i t s () va r i n t (s i z e= 1 4 ) v = re a d _ re s u l t( ) do i f bi t a nd ( v , m s b _r e s u lt ) = 0 th e n v : = v + 1 - l s hi f t ( ms b _ re s u l t, 1 ) ; e n d s e t _b i t s_ t o _ re a d ( i f d c_ b i t s > 8 t h e n M A R KE R _ L EN G T H e l s e 0 e nd ) ; b _ l as t := n o t a c _ co d e d ; en d

bo o l b_ l a s t; bl o c k _d o n e : a c ti o n == > gu a r d d o n e_ r e ad i n g _b i t s () , b _ l as t do c o m p : = c o m p + 1 ; en d

dc t _ c oe f f : a c t io n = => gu a r d d o n e_ r e ad i n g _b i t s () do s t a rt _ v ld _ e n gi n e ( i f b ty p e _ is _ I NT R A th e n CO E F F _I N T RA _ S T AR T _ I ND E X el s e C O E F F_ I N T ER _ S T AR T _ IN D E X e n d ); en d

vl d _ c od e : ac t i on b i ts : [ s ig n ] == > VA L U E :[ i f si g n th e n - l e v el e l se l e ve l en d ] , R U N : [r u n ] , L A ST : [ la s t ] gu a r d v l d _s u c ce s s ( ), v a l ! = ES C A P E_ C O D E va r i n t (s i z e= V L D _T A B L E_ D A T A_ B I T S) v al = vl d _ r es u l t () , i n t (s i z e= S A M PL E _ C OU N T _ SZ ) r un , i n t (s i z e= S A M PL E _ S Z) l e ve l , b o o l l a st do r u n : = i f bt y p e _i s _ I NT R A th e n b i t a nd ( r sh i f t ( v a l, 8 ) , 2 5 5 ) el s e b i t a nd ( r sh i f t ( v a l, 4 ) , 2 5 5 ) e n d ; l a s t : = i f bt y p e _i s _ I NT R A th e n b i t a nd ( r sh i f t ( v a l, 1 6 ), 1 ) ! = 0 el s e b i t a nd ( r sh i f t ( v a l, 1 2 ), 1 ) ! = 0 e n d ; l e v el : = i f bt y p e _i s _ I NT R A th e n b i t a nd ( v al , 2 55 ) el s e b i t a nd ( v al , 1 5) e nd ; b _ l as t := l a st ; b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; en d

vl d _ l ev e l : a c t io n b it s : [ le v e l _o f f se t ] == > gu a r d v l d _s u c ce s s ( ), n o t l e v el _ o f fs e t do b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; s t a rt _ v ld _ e n gi n e ( i f b ty p e _ is _ I NT R A th e n CO E F F _I N T RA _ S T AR T _ I ND E X el s e C O E F F_ I N T ER _ S T AR T _ IN D E X e n d ); en d

vl d _ r un _ o r _d i r ec t : ac t i o n b i t s: [ l ev e l _ of f s e t] = = > gu a r d v l d _s u c ce s s ( ) do b i t _c o u nt : = b i t _ co u n t + 1 ; en d

vl d _ ru n : ac t i o n b i t s: [ r un _ o f fs e t ] = = > g u ar d n ot r un _ o f fs e t d o b it _ c ou n t := b i t_ c o u nt + 1 ; s ta r t _v l d _ en g i n e( i f b t y pe _ i s _I N T R A t h e n C O EF F _ I NT R A _ ST A R T _I N D EX e l se C O EF F _ I NT E R _S T A R T_ I N D EX e n d ) ; e n d

v l d_ d i r ec t _ r ea d : ac t i on b i ts : [ r un _ o f fs e t ] = = > d o b it _ c ou n t := b i t_ c o u nt + 1 ; s et _ b it s _ t o_ r e a d( 1 + R U N_ L E N GT H + M A R K ER _ L EN G T H + L E VE L _ L EN G T H + M AR K E R _L E N G TH ) ; e n d

v l d_ d i r ec t : ac t i o n = => V AL U E : [i f s ig n th e n -l e v e l e l s e l e ve l e nd ] , RU N : [ ru n ] , L A S T: [ l as t ] g u ar d d on e _ re a d i ng _ b i ts ( ) v a r i nt ( s iz e = S AM P L E _C O U N T_ S Z ) r u n , i nt ( s iz e = S AM P L E _S Z ) le v e l, b oo l si g n , b oo l la s t d o l as t : = b it a n d ( r s h if t ( r e a d _r e s u lt ( ) , R U N _L E N G TH + MA R K E R_ L E NG T H + L E V EL _ L E NG T H + M A RK E R _ LE N G T H ) , 1 ) ! = 0 ; r un : = b it a n d ( r s h if t ( r e a d _r e s u lt ( ) , MA R K E R_ L E NG T H + L E V EL _ L E NG T H + M A RK E R _ LE N G T H ) , R U N _ MA S K ) ; l ev e l : = b it a n d ( r s h if t ( r e a d _r e s u lt ( ) , M A RK E R _ LE N G T H ) , L E V E L_ M A S K ) ; i f l e ve l > = 2 0 4 8 t h e n s i g n : = t r u e ; l e v el : = 4 0 9 6 - l ev e l ; e ls e s i g n : = fa l s e ; e nd b _l a s t : = la s t ; e n d f u nc t i o n i n t ra _ m a x_ l e ve l ( bo o l la s t , i n t r u n ) : i f n o t l a s t t h e n i f ru n = 0 t h en 2 7 e l s e i f r u n = 1 th e n 10 e l se i f r un = 2 t h en 5 el s e i f r u n = 3 th e n 4 e l s e if r u n < 8 t h e n 3 e ls e i f ru n < 1 0 th e n 2 e l s e i f r u n < 1 5 t h e n 1 e ls e 0 e n d e n d en d e n d e n d e nd e n d e ls e i f ru n = 0 t h en 8 e l s e i f r u n = 1 th e n 3 e l s e i f r un < 7 t h en 2 el s e i f r u n < 2 1 t h e n 1 e l se 0 en d e n d e nd e n d e nd e n d

f u nc t i o n i n t er _ m a x_ l e ve l ( bo o l la s t , i n t r u n ) : i f n o t l a s t t h e n i f ru n = 0 t h en 1 2 e l s e i f r u n = 1 th e n 6 e l s e i f r un = 2 t h en 4 el s e i f r u n < 7 th e n 3 e l s e if r u n < 1 1 t h en 2 el s e i f ru n < 2 7 th e n 1 e l s e 0 e nd en d e n d e n d e nd e n d e ls e i f ru n = 0 t h en 3 e l s e i f r u n = 1 th e n 2 e l s e i f r un < 41 t he n 1 e l s e 0 e n d e nd e n d e nd e n d i n t( s i z e= S A M PL E _ S Z) l ev e l _ lo o k u p_ i n t er ; i n t( s i z e= S A M PL E _ S Z) l ev e l _ lo o k u p_ i n t ra ; d o _l e v e l_ l o o ku p : ac t i on = = > g ua r d v ld _ s uc c e s s( ) v a r i nt ( s iz e = V LD _ T A BL E _ D AT A _ BI T S - 2) v a l = v ld _ r es u l t () d o l ev e l _l o o k up _ i n te r : = i n te r _ m ax _ l e ve l ( bi t a nd ( r sh i f t ( v a l , 1 2 ), 1 ) ! = 0 , b i t an d ( r s h i ft ( v al , 4 ), 2 55 ) ) ; l ev e l _l o o k up _ i n tr a : = i n tr a _ m ax _ l e ve l ( bi t a nd ( r sh i f t ( v a l , 1 6 ), 1 ) ! = 0 , b i t an d ( r s h i ft ( v al , 8 ), 2 55 ) ) ; e n d v l d_ l e v el _ l o ok u p : a c t io n b it s : [ si g n ] = = > V A L U E: [ i f s i g n t h e n - l e ve l e ls e l ev e l e n d ] , R U N :[ r u n ], L AS T : [ l a s t ] v a r i nt ( s iz e = V LD _ T A BL E _ D AT A _ BI T S - 2) v a l = v ld _ r es u l t () , i nt ( s iz e = S AM P L E _C O U N T_ S Z ) r u n , i nt ( s iz e = S AM P L E _S Z ) le v e l, b oo l la s t d o r un : = i f b t y pe _ i s _I N T RA t h en b i ta n d ( r s h if t ( va l , 8) , 2 55 ) e l se b i ta n d ( r s h if t ( va l , 4) , 25 5 ) en d ; l as t : = i f b t y pe _ i s _I N T RA t h en b i ta n d ( r s h if t ( va l , 16 ) , 1) ! = 0 e l se b i ta n d ( r s h if t ( va l , 12 ) , 1 ) ! = 0 e nd ; l ev e l : = i f b t y pe _ i s _I N T RA t h en b i ta n d ( v a l , 2 5 5 ) + l ev e l _ lo o k up _ i n tr a e l se b i ta n d ( v a l , 1 5 ) + l e ve l _ lo o k u p_ i n t er e n d; b _l a s t : = la s t ; b it _ c ou n t := b i t_ c o u nt + 1 ; e n d

f u nc t i o n i n t ra _ m a x_ r u n( b o ol l a st , i nt l ev e l ) : i f n o t l a s t t h e n i f le v e l = 1 th e n 1 4 e ls e i f l e v el = 2 t h e n 9 e ls e i f l ev e l = 3 th e n 7 e l s e i f l e v e l = 4 t h e n 3 e ls e if l e ve l = 5 t he n 2 e l s e i f le v e l < 1 1 t h e n 1 e ls e 0 e n d en d e n d e n d e nd e n d e ls e if l ev e l = 1 t he n 2 0 e l se i f l e v el = 2 t h e n 6 e ls e i f l ev e l = 3 th e n 1 e l s e 0 e nd e nd e n d e nd e n d

f u nc t i o n i n t er _ m a x_ r u n( b o ol l a st , i nt l ev e l ) : i f n o t l a s t t h e n i f le v e l = 1 th e n 2 6 e ls e i f l e v el = 2 t h e n 1 0 el s e i f l ev e l = 3 th e n 6 e l s e i f l e v e l = 4 t h e n 2 e ls e if l e ve l = 5 o r l e v el = 6 t h e n 1 el s e 0 e n d e n d e n d e nd e n d e ls e i f le v e l = 1 th e n 4 0 e ls e i f l e v el = 2 t h e n 1 e ls e 0 e n d e n d e nd e n d

i n t( s i z e= S A M PL E _ S Z) r un _ l o ok u p _ in t e r ; i n t( s i z e= S A M PL E _ S Z) r un _ l o ok u p _ in t r a ;

/ / D o l oo k u p b o t h w a y s d o _r u n _ lo o k u p: a c ti o n = = > g u ar d v ld _ s uc c e s s( ) v a r i nt ( s iz e = V LD _ T A BL E _ D AT A _ BI T S - 2) v a l = v ld _ r es u l t () d o r un _ l oo k u p _i n t e r : = in t e r_ m a x _r u n ( b i t a nd ( rs h i f t( v a l, 1 2 ), 1 ) ! = 0, b i t an d ( v a l , 1 5 ) ); r un _ l oo k u p _i n t r a : = in t r a_ m a x _r u n ( b i t a nd ( rs h i f t( v a l, 1 6 ), 1 ) ! = 0, b i t an d ( v a l , 2 5 5 ) ) ; e n d v l d_ r u n _l o o k up : a ct i o n b i t s: [ s i gn ] = => V AL U E : [i f s ig n t he n -l e v e l e l s e l e v el e nd ] , RU N : [ ru n ] , L A S T: [ l as t ] v a r i nt ( s iz e = V LD _ T A BL E _ D AT A _ BI T S - 2) v a l = v ld _ r es u l t () , i nt ( s iz e = S AM P L E _C O U N T_ S Z ) r u n , i nt ( s iz e = S AM P L E _S Z ) le v e l, b oo l la s t d o l as t : = i f b t y pe _ i s _I N T RA t h en b i ta n d ( r s h if t ( va l , 16 ) , 1) ! = 0 e l se b i ta n d ( r s h if t ( va l , 12 ) , 1 ) ! = 0 e nd ; l ev e l : = i f b t y pe _ i s _I N T RA t h en b i ta n d ( v a l , 2 5 5 ) e l se b i ta n d ( v a l , 1 5 ) e n d ; r un : = i f b t y pe _ i s _I N T RA t h en b i ta n d ( r s h if t ( va l , 8) , 2 55 ) + r u n _l o o k up _ i n tr a e l se b i ta n d ( r s h if t ( va l , 4) , 25 5 ) + r u n _l o o k up _ i nt e r en d + 1 ; b _l a s t : = la s t ; b it _ c ou n t := b i t_ c o u nt + 1 ; e n d/* * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * Mo t i on D e co d e * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * * * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * ** * * * ** * * * ** * * * /

m v co d e _ do n e : a c t i on = => g u ar d m vc o m p = 4 o r ( mv c o m p = 1 a n d n o t fo u r m vf l a g ) e n d

m v co d e : a c t i on = = > d o s ta r t _v l d _ en g i n e( M V _S T A RT _ I N DE X ) ; e n d

m a g_ x : ac t i o n = = > M V : [ m v v al ] g u ar d v ld _ s uc c e s s( ) v a r i nt ( si z e = VL D _ T AB L E _ DA T A _B I T S ) m v v al = vl d _ re s u l t( ) d o s et _ b it s _ t o_ r e a d( i f f c o de < = 1 o r m v v a l = 0 t h e n 0 e ls e f co d e e n d ); e n d

g e t_ r e s id u a l _x : a ct i o n = = > M V : [ r e a d _r e s ul t ( ) ] g u ar d d on e _ re a d i ng _ b i ts ( ) e n d

m a g_ y : ac t i o n = = > M V : [ m v v al ] g u ar d v ld _ s uc c e s s( ) v a r i nt ( si z e = VL D _ T AB L E _ DA T A _B I T S ) m v v al = vl d _ re s u l t( ) d o s et _ b it s _ t o_ r e a d( i f f c o de < = 1 o r m v v a l = 0 t h e n 0 e ls e f co d e -1 e n d ) ; e n d

g e t_ r e s id u a l _y : a ct i o n = = > M V : [ r e a d _r e s ul t ( ) ] g u ar d d on e _ re a d i ng _ b i ts ( ) d o m vc o m p : = mv c o m p + 1 ; e n d

i n t V L D _T A B L E_ A D D R_ B I TS = 1 2 ; i n t V L D _T A B L E_ D A T A_ B I TS = 2 0 ;

l i st ( t yp e : i nt ( s iz e = VL D _ T AB L E _ DA T A _ BI T S ) , s iz e = 7 60 ) vl d _ ta b l e = [

// A ut o m a ti c a l ly - g e ne r a te d t ab l e s f o r bi t w is e M PE G - 4 V L D//// D ec o d i ng p r oc e e d s a s f o l l ow s :// 1 . S e t i n d e x t o a s t ar t i n g v a l ue f o r t h e d e s ir e d co d e (s e e e m b e dd e d co m m e nt s ) .// 2 . R e a d t h e n e x t b i t i n t he i n co m i n g s t re a m .// 3 . F e t ch t h e v a l ue a t t a b le [ i nd e x + b i t ]// 4 . T a k e t h e f o l l ow i n g a c t io n b as e d on t ab l e va l u e :// 4 . 1. I f l s b = 1 , t e r m in a t e d e c o di n g w i t h i l l e ga l c od e w or d e rr o r .// 4 . 2. I f 2 n d ls b = 1 , th e c od e w o rd i s n o t c o m p le t e ,// s o s e t in d e x t o va l u e > > 2 , g o t o s te p 2 .// 4 . 3. F o r a l l o t h er v a lu e s st o p de c o di n g an d r et u r n v a l ue > > 2

// s ta r t in d e x f o r MC B P C_ I V O P i s 0// ( cu m u l at i v e t a b l e s i ze i s 1 6 w or d s x 2 0 b i t s )

1 0 , 12 , 18 , 5 8, 2 6 , 7 6 , 3 4 , 1 6 , 4 2 , 50 , 1, 8 0 , 1 4 4 , 2 0 8 , 1 4 0, 2 0 4,

// s ta r t in d e x f o r MC B P C_ P V O P i s 16// ( cu m u l at i v e t a b l e s i ze i s 5 8 w or d s x 2 0 b i t s ) 7 4 , 0, 8 2, 2 2 6, 9 0 , 2 1 8 , 9 8 , 2 0 2 , 1 0 6 , 1 7 8 , 1 1 4 , 1 6 2 , 1 2 2 , 1 4 6, 1 3 0, 1 3 8, 1 , 1 , 2 0 8, 1 4 4, 1 5 4, 1 4 0, 8 0, 1 9 6, 1 7 0 , 2 0 4 , 7 6 , 2 0 0 , 1 8 6 , 1 9 4 , 1 3 6 , 7 2 , 1 3 2 , 6 8 , 2 1 0 , 1 2 , 16 , 1 92 , 12 8 , 64 , 8 , 4 ,

// s ta r t in d e x f o r CB P Y i s 5 8// ( cu m u l at i v e t a b l e s i ze i s 9 2 w or d s x 2 0 b i t s )

2 4 2 , 3 3 8 , 2 5 0 , 3 1 4 , 2 5 8 , 2 9 8, 2 6 6, 2 9 0, 2 7 4 , 2 8 2 , 1 , 1, 2 4 , 3 6 , 3 2 , 1 6 , 3 0 6 , 0 , 8, 4 , 3 2 2 , 3 3 0 , 4 8 , 4 0 , 5 6 , 20 , 34 6 , 60 , 3 54 , 3 62 , 52 , 1 2, 4 4 , 28 ,

// s ta r t in d e x f o r DC B I TS _ Y is 9 2// ( cu m u l at i v e t a b l e s i ze i s 1 1 8 wo r d s x 2 0 b i t s)

3 7 8 , 4 6 6 , 3 8 6 , 4 5 8 , 3 9 4 , 1 6 , 4 0 2 , 2 0 , 4 1 0 , 2 4 , 4 1 8 , 2 8 , 42 6 , 32 , 43 4 , 36 , 4 4 2 , 4 0 , 4 5 0 , 4 4 , 1, 4 8 , 1 2 , 0 , 8 , 4 ,// s ta r t in d e x f o r DC B I TS _ U V i s 1 18// ( cu m u l at i v e t a b l e s i ze i s 1 4 4 wo r d s x 2 0 b i t s)

4 8 2 , 5 7 0 , 4 9 0 , 8 , 49 8 , 12 , 50 6 , 16 , 5 1 4 , 2 0 , 5 2 2 , 2 4 , 53 0 , 28 , 53 8 , 32 , 5 4 6 , 3 6 , 5 5 4 , 4 0 , 56 2 , 44 , 1, 4 8 , 4 , 0 ,

// s ta r t in d e x f o r CO E F F_ I N T ER i s 1 4 4// ( cu m u l at i v e t a b l e s i ze i s 3 8 0 wo r d s x 2 0 b i t s)

5 8 6 , 1 4 9 8, 5 9 4, 1 4 26 , 6 02 , 13 3 8 , 6 1 0 , 1 1 9 4 , 6 1 8 , 1 0 6 6, 6 2 6, 8 7 4, 6 3 4, 8 18 , 6 42 , 7 94 , 6 5 0 , 7 7 0 , 6 5 8 , 7 1 4 , 6 6 6 , 6 9 0, 6 7 4, 6 8 2, 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 6 98 , 7 06 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 7 2 2, 7 4 6, 7 3 0, 7 3 8, 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 7 5 4, 7 6 2, 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 7 7 8 , 7 8 6 , 1 6 4 56 , 1 63 9 6 , 4 4 , 4 0 , 80 2 , 81 0 , 1 8 1 8 0, 1 81 1 6 , 1 8 0 5 2, 1 7 98 8 , 8 2 6 , 8 5 0 , 8 3 4 , 8 4 2 , 5 8 4 , 5 2 0 , 4 5 6 , 3 9 2 , 8 5 8 , 8 6 6, 3 2 8, 2 0 4, 1 4 0 , 8 0 , 8 8 2 , 2 8 6 6 8, 8 9 0, 9 46 , 8 98 , 9 22 , 9 0 6 , 9 1 4 , 4 8 , 8 4 , 14 7 6 , 1 5 4 0, 9 3 0, 9 3 8, 1 8 2 4 4, 1 83 0 8 , 1 8 3 7 2, 1 8 43 6 , 9 5 4 , 1 0 1 0 , 9 6 2 , 9 8 6, 9 7 0 , 9 7 8 , 8 8 , 1 4 4 , 2 6 8 , 3 3 2 , 9 9 4 , 1 0 0 2, 3 9 6 , 6 4 8 , 1 6 0 4, 1 6 68 , 1 01 8 , 1 0 4 2 , 1 0 2 6, 1 0 34 , 1 8 5 0 0, 1 85 6 4 , 1 8 6 2 8, 1 8 69 2 , 1 0 5 0 , 1 0 5 8, 1 8 75 6 , 1 8 8 2 0, 1 8 8 8 4, 1 89 4 8 , 1 0 7 4 , 1 1 3 8, 1 08 2 , 11 1 4 , 1 0 9 0 , 1 1 06 , 1 0 9 8 , 1 7 92 4 , 36 , 3 2, 1 7 86 0 , 1 7 7 9 6, 1 1 22 , 1 13 0 , 1 7 7 3 2, 1 76 6 8 , 1 7 6 0 4, 1 7 54 0 , 1 1 4 6 , 1 1 7 0, 1 1 54 , 11 6 2 , 1 7 4 7 6, 1 63 9 2 , 1 4 1 2 , 1 3 4 8, 1 17 8 , 11 8 6 , 1 2 8 4 , 1 2 20 , 1 1 5 6 , 1 0 92 , 1 20 2 , 12 8 2 , 1 2 1 0, 1 2 58 , 1 21 8 , 12 4 2 , 1 2 2 6 , 1 2 34 , 1 02 8 , 96 4 , 26 4 , 2 0 0 , 1 2 5 0 , 1 7 4 12 , 2 8 , 24 , 12 6 6 , 1 2 7 4 , 1 7 3 48 , 17 2 8 4 , 1 7 2 20 , 1 71 5 6 , 1 2 9 0 , 1 3 14 , 1 29 8 , 13 0 6 , 1 7 0 92 , 1 70 2 8 , 1 6 9 6 4, 9 00 , 1 3 2 2 , 1 3 30 , 8 36 , 1 36 , 7 6, 2 0, 1 3 46 , 1 40 2 , 1 3 5 4 , 1 3 78 , 1 36 2 , 13 7 0 , 1 6 9 00 , 1 68 3 6 , 1 6 7 7 2, 1 67 0 8 , 1 3 8 6 , 1 3 94 , 7 72 , 7 08 , 6 44 , 16 , 1 41 0 , 14 1 8 , 1 6 6 4 4, 1 65 8 0 , 1 6 5 1 6, 1 6 45 2 , 1 4 3 4 , 1 4 8 2, 1 4 42 , 14 6 6 , 1 4 5 0 , 1 4 58 , 5 80 , 5 16 , 4 52 , 38 8 , 14 7 4 , 3 2 4 , 7 2 , 12 , 14 9 0 , 1 6 3 8 8, 2 6 0, 1 96 , 4 , 1 5 0 6, 6 8 , 15 1 4 , 1 3 2 , 8 ,

// s ta r t in d e x f o r CO E F F_ I N T RA i s 3 8 0// ( cu m u l at i v e t a b l e s i ze i s 6 1 6 wo r d s x 2 0 b i t s)

1 5 3 0 , 2 4 42 , 1 53 8 , 23 7 0 , 1 5 4 6, 2 2 82 , 1 55 4 , 21 3 8 , 1 5 6 2 , 2 0 10 , 1 57 0 , 18 1 8 , 1 5 7 8, 1 7 62 , 1 58 6 , 17 3 8 , 1 5 9 4 , 1 7 14 , 1 60 2 , 16 5 8 , 1 6 1 0, 1 6 34 , 1 61 8 , 16 2 6 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 64 2 , 16 5 0 , 1 , 1, 1 , 1 , 1 6 66 , 1 69 0 , 16 7 4 , 1 6 8 2, 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 6 98 , 1 70 6 , 1, 1 , 1 , 1, 1 7 2 2 , 1 7 30 , 2 62 1 7 2 , 2 6 2 16 8 , 8 8 , 84 , 1 74 6 , 17 5 4 , 2 6 4 2 00 , 26 3 1 8 0, 2 6 21 6 4 , 1 3 3 16 , 1 77 0 , 17 9 4 , 1 7 7 8, 1 7 86 , 5 1 3 2 , 8 2 00 , 4 10 8 , 30 8 8 , 1 8 0 2, 1 8 10 , 2 06 4 , 10 5 2 , 8 0 , 76 , 18 2 6 , 2 8 6 6 8, 1 8 34 , 18 9 0 , 1 8 4 2 , 1 8 6 6, 1 8 5 0 , 1 8 58 , 9 2, 9 6 , 1 0 5 6, 9 22 4 , 18 7 4 , 1 8 8 2 , 2 6 5 2 24 , 26 6 2 4 8, 2 7 75 0 8 , 2 7 8 53 2 , 18 9 8 , 1 9 5 4 , 1 9 06 , 1 93 0 , 1 9 1 4 , 1 9 22 , 1 00 , 1 04 , 1 08 , 10 6 0 , 1 9 3 8 , 1 9 4 6, 6 1 5 6 , 1 0 64 , 2 06 8 , 71 8 0 , 1 9 6 2, 1 9 86 , 1 97 0 , 19 7 8 , 1 4 3 4 0, 2 62 1 7 6 , 2 6 7 27 2 , 26 8 2 96 , 1 99 4 , 20 0 2 , 2 7 9 55 6 , 28 0 5 8 0, 2 8 1 6 04 , 28 2 6 2 8, 2 0 18 , 2 08 2 , 2 0 2 6 , 2 0 5 8, 2 0 34 , 20 5 0 , 2 0 4 2 , 2 7 64 8 4 , 7 2 , 68 , 2 75 4 6 0, 2 7 44 3 6 , 2 0 6 6 , 2 0 74 , 2 7 3 4 12 , 27 2 3 8 8, 2 6 31 7 6 , 2 6 2 16 0 , 20 9 0 , 2 1 1 4 , 2 0 98 , 2 10 6 , 1 2 2 9 2, 1 12 6 8 , 7 1 7 6 , 6 1 5 2, 2 12 2 , 21 3 0 , 5 1 2 8 , 3 0 84 , 2 0 6 0 , 1 0 48 , 2 14 6 , 22 2 6 , 2 1 5 4, 2 2 02 , 2 16 2 , 21 8 6 , 2 1 7 0 , 2 1 78 , 1 04 4 , 64 , 4 10 4 , 6 0 , 21 9 4 , 2 7 0 3 40 , 5 6 , 52 , 22 1 0 , 2 2 1 8 , 2 6 9 31 6 , 2 6 8 2 92 , 2 62 1 5 6 , 1 0 24 4 , 2 2 3 4 , 2 2 58 , 2 24 2 , 22 5 0 , 9 2 2 0, 8 1 96 , 2 71 3 6 4 , 3 0 80 , 2 2 6 6 , 2 2 74 , 1 04 0 , 48 , 4 4, 4 0, 2 2 90 , 2 34 6 , 2 2 9 8 , 2 3 22 , 2 30 6 , 23 1 4 , 2 6 6 24 4 , 26 5 2 2 0, 6 1 48 , 26 7 2 6 8, 2 3 3 0 , 2 3 38 , 7 17 2 , 20 5 6 , 1 0 3 6, 3 6 , 2 3 5 4, 2 3 62 , 2 6 2 1 52 , 51 2 4 , 2 6 4 1 96 , 2 63 1 7 2, 2 3 78 , 2 42 6 , 23 8 6 , 2 4 1 0, 2 3 9 4 , 2 4 02 , 4 10 0 , 30 7 6 , 3 2 , 2 8 , 24 1 8 , 2 0 5 2 , 1 0 3 2 , 2 4 , 2 4 3 4, 2 6 21 4 8 , 2 0 , 1 6 , 4, 2 4 50 , 8 , 2 45 8 , 1 0 2 8 , 1 2 ,

// s ta r t in d e x f o r MV i s 6 1 6// ( cu m u l at i v e t a b l e s i ze i s 7 6 0 wo r d s x 2 0 b i t s)

/ * B EG I N C OP Y R I GH T X

C op y r i gh t ( c) 2 00 7 , Xi l i n x I n c .A ll r i gh t s re s e rv e d .R ed i s t ri b u t io n an d u se i n s o u r ce a nd b i na r y fo r m s , w it h o r w i t ho u t m o d i fi c a t io n , ar e pe r m i tt e d pr o v i de d t ha t t he f o ll o w in g c on d i t io n s ar e me t :- R e d i st r i b ut i o ns o f s o u r ce c o de m us t r et a i n t h e ab o v e c o p y ri g h t n o t ic e , th i s li s t o f c on d i t io n s an d th e f o l l ow i n g d i s cl a i m er .- R e d i st r i b ut i o ns i n b i n a ry f o rm m us t r ep r o d uc e t he a b o v e c o py r i g ht n o ti c e , t h i s l i s t o f co n d i ti o n s a n d t h e fo l l ow i n g d i s c la i m e r i n t h e do c u m en t a t io n an d / o r o t h e r m a te r i a ls p r ov i d e d w i th t h e d i s tr i b u ti o n .- N e i t he r t he n am e o f t h e c o p y ri g h t h o l de r n or t h e n a me s o f i ts c on t r i bu t o r s m a y b e us e d to e n do r s e o r pr o m o te p r o d uc t s d e r i ve d f ro m t hi s so f t w ar e w it h o u t s p ec i f i c p r i o r w r it t e n p e r m is s i o n.

T HI S S OF T W A RE I S P R O VI D E D B Y T HE C OP Y R I GH T H OL D E R S A N D C ON T R I BU T O R S " A S I S " A N D AN Y E XP R E SS O R I M P L IE D W AR R A NT I E S , I NC L U D IN G , BU T NO T L IM I T E D T O , T H E I M P L IE D W AR R A N TI E S O F M ER C H A NT A B I LI T Y A N D FI T N E SS F O R A PA R T I CU L A R P U R P OS E AR E D IS C L A IM E D . I N NO E V EN T S HA L L TH E CO P Y R IG H T OW N E R O R C ON T R I BU T O R S B E L I A B LE F O R A N Y D I R EC T , IN D I R EC T , IN C I DE N T A L, S PE C I A L, E X EM P L AR Y , OR C O NS E Q U EN T I AL D A MA G E S ( I N C LU D I NG , B UT N OT L I MI T E D T O , P R O C UR E M E NT O F S U B ST I T U TE G O OD S O R S E RV I C E S; L OS S O F U S E , D A TA , O R P R O FI T S ; O R BU S I N ES S I NT E R R UP T I ON ) H OW E V E R C A U SE D AN D O N A N Y T H E O RY O F L I A BI L I T Y, W H ET H E R I N C ON T R A CT , S TR I C T L I A BI L I T Y, O R T O R T ( I N CL U D I NG N E GL I G EN C E OR O TH E R W IS E ) AR I S IN G I N A N Y W A Y OU T OF T H E U S E O F T HI S S OF T W A RE , E VE N IF A D VI S E D O F T HE P OS S I B IL I T Y O F S UC H DA M A G E.E ND C O P YR I G H T* /

i mp o r t a l l ca l t ro p . l ib . B i tO p s ;

a ct o r Fo r e m an S o ur c e () i n t( s i z e= 8 ) M P E G , i n t (s i z e =8 ) CO M P A RE = = > i n t (s i z e= 8 ) da t a o ut , i nt ( s iz e = 3 2) e r ro r s : i n t mi s m at c h := 0 ; i n t ( si z e =2 4 ) co u n t : = 0 ; a c t i on M PE G : [ mp e g ] , C O M PA R E :[ c o m p] = = > d a t ao u t :[ m p eg ] g ua r d mi s m at c h = 0 d o mi s m at c h := b i tx o r ( mp e g , c o m p) ; co u n t : = co u n t + 1 ; e n d

a c t i on = => e r ro r s : [ b i t or ( l sh i f t (c o u n t, 8 ) , b i ta n d ( ol d m is m a t ch , 0x F F ) ) ] g ua r d mi s m at c h != 0 d o mi s m at c h := 0 ; e n d e nd

Compare23 lines(without header comments)

ParseHeaders1320 lines(without header comments)

http://opendf.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/opendf/models/MPEG4_SP_Decoder/

actors, big and small

26

actor execution model

actionselection

actionexecution

27

enabling conditions

1. input patterns are satisfiedactor Add () A, B ==> X:


2. guards are true

3. no higher-priority action is enabled

actor Split () A ==> P, N:


action A: [v] ==> N: [v] guard v < 0 endend




actionselection

actionexecution

28





29

(non)determinacy � the classic case

n = 0;

t1 = n;n = t1 + 1;

t2 = n;n = t2 + 1;

Thread 1: Thread 2:

thread race on shared state

Each thread is determinate.

Their composition is not.

In the domain of threads, determinacy is not compositional.

Which non-trivial property of threads would guarantee compositional determinacy?

30

actor determinism

If there is always at most one enabled action, the actor is determinate.

Otherwise, it may not be.(Which means that actors are more 'unruly' than threads.)

Some simple (sufficient) conditions for determinism:

There is only one action.

Actions are totally priority-ordered.






31

dataflow program determinism

1

2

M




actor Constant1 () ==> X:

action ==> X: [1] endend

actor Constant2 () ==> X:

action ==> X: [2] endend

2, M, 1, M, ...

1, 2, ...2, 1, M, M, ...

2, 1, ...

firing sequence output

A

B

In dataflow, too, determinacy is not compositional.

Can we find a property of actors that is compositional, andthat entails determinacy?

32

source of nondeterminism

1

2

M

We can predict (determinate) actor behavior for each input sequence.

Unfortunately, we cannot predict the input sequence at each point in time.

2, M, 1, M, ...

1, 2, ...2, 1, M, M, ...

2, 1, ...

firing sequence output

Can we characterize actors that produce the same output irrespective of the relative timing of token arrival?

33

timing independence

actor Add () A, B ==> X: action A: [a], B: [b] ==> X: [a + b] endend

If the B-token is available, but the A-token is late, nothing happens:




Here, if the A-token is late,the actor does something else instead.(In this case, the CopyB action.)

The actor just waits for the A-tokento arrive. The actor just waits for the A-tokento arrive.

An earlier arrival of the A-token wouldhave disabled that action.

An actor is timing-independent1 if additional input tokens never disable an action.

1 aka �prefix-monotonic�

34

timing independence

1. all input patterns are satisfiedaction A: [a], B: [b] ==> ...

2. all guards are true

3. no higher-priority action is enabled

action A: [v] ==> P: [v] guard v >= 0

CopyA: action A: [v] ==> X: [v] endCopyB: action B: [v] ==> X: [v] endpriority CopyA > CopyB; end

How can additional input disable an action?

It would have to �unsatisfy� a previously satisfied enabling condition.

The additional input tokens would have to enable a higher-priority action.

35

timing independence

How would additional tokens enable a higher-priority action?

The higher-priority action would have to require at least one tokennot needed by the lower-priority action.




36

timing independence

actor TI () A ==> X:

Hi: action A: [v] ==> X: [1] end Lo: action A: [v, w] ==> X: [0] end

priority Hi > Lo; endend

actor TD () A ==> X:

Hi: action A: [v, w] ==> X: [1] end Lo: action A: [v] ==> X: [0] end

priority Hi > Lo; endend

timing-independent timing-dependent

Looking at the input patterns and the priority order, we can derive guarantees about timing-independence of each actor.

At compile time.

Any composition of timing-independent actors is determinate.It is also timing-independent itself.

38

a taxonomy of actors

determinate(functional)

nondeterminate(non-functional)

timing-dependenttiming-independent(prefix-monotonic)

39







40







41









42









43












44












45













action A: [v] ==> X: [v] guard s = 0 begin s := 1; end action B: [v] ==> X: [v] guard s = 1 begin s := 0; end s := 0;end

46













action A: [v] ==> X: [v] guard s = 0 begin s := 1; end

action B: [v] ==> X: [v] guard s = 1 begin s := 0; end

s := 0;end

47





48

structure of a computation

actor B () A ==> X: action A: [a] ==> X: [f(a)] endend

actor A () ==> X: s := 0;

action ==> X: [s] do s := s + 1; endend

actor C () A ==>: action A: [a] ==> endend

A B C

A:1

B:1

C:1

A:2

B:2

C:2

A:3

B:3

C:3

trace is a DAG vertices are action firings

edges are dependencies

dependencies mediated by tokens

state variables

(ports)

51

trace metrics (examples)

cost(S area * time)

input(bytes)

parallelizability(cost/latency)

latency(incremental)

52





54

open problems

� implementation tools� efficient code generation for processors and multicores� implementation on other targets: GPUs, processor arrays,

heterogeneous targets� runtime, virtual machine

� design tools� partitioning, profiling, early performance prediction� trace analysis� refactoring and code transformation (e.g. unrolling, folding, multi-

channelization)� debugging, deadlock/bottleneck detection and tracking

55

open problems, cont'd

� foundations� program analysis, partial static scheduling, theory, machine model

� applications� streaming applications (graphics, packet processing, ...)� other application areas (HPC, processor design, �)

� architecture� building dataflow hardware

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credits & resourcesJohan Eker Ericsson Edward A. Lee UC Berkeley Marco Mattavelli EPFL Carl von Platen Ericsson Dave B. Parlour Tabula Ian Miller Overture Mickaël Raulet INSA Rennes Mathieu Wipliez INSA Rennes Christophe Lucarz EPFL Shuvra S Bhattacharyya U Maryland Karl-Erik Arzen LTH Ruirui Gu Microsoft Ghislain Roquier EPFL

opendf.sf.netopen source tool suite

opendf.orgOpen Dataflow portal

orcc.sf.netOpen RVC-CAL Compiler

mpeg.chiariglione.orgMPEG [email protected]

www.actors-project.euACTORS Project

overview motivation dataflow programming -...

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