overview of animal improvement programs laboratory
DESCRIPTION
Presentation on the work of the Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory made to the Department of Animal Science at Louisiana State University in 2007.TRANSCRIPT
2007
J.B. ColeJ.B. Cole
Animal Improvement Programs LaboratoryAgricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, [email protected]
Overview of Animal Overview of Animal Improvement Programs Improvement Programs
LaboratoryLaboratory
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (2) Cole 2007
AIPL missionAIPL mission
Conduct research to discover, test, and implement improved genetic evaluation techniques for economically important traits of dairy cattle and goats
Genetically improve efficiency of dairy animals for yield and fitness
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (3) Cole 2007
AIPL research objectivesAIPL research objectives
Maintain a national database to support research on genetics and management
Provide data for research compatible with industry needs
Increase accuracy of genetic evaluations through improved methodology
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (4) Cole 2007
AIPL research objectives AIPL research objectives (cont.)(cont.)
Develop bioinformatic tools to support of quantitative trait locus detection, marker testing, and mapping methods
Improve genetic rankings for overall economic merit
Characterize dairy industry practices
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (5) Cole 2007
National Dairy Genetic Evaluation National Dairy Genetic Evaluation ProgramProgram
AIPL CDCB
NAAB
PDCA DHI
UniversitiesAIPL Animal Improvement Programs Lab., USDA
CDCBCouncil on Dairy Cattle BreedingDHI Dairy Herd Improvement (milk recording organizations)NAAB National Association of Animal Breeders (AI)PDCAPurebred Dairy Cattle Association (breed registries)
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (6) Cole 2007
DHI statistics (2004)DHI statistics (2004) 4.1 million cows
• 97% fat recorded• 93% protein recorded• 93% SCC recorded
25,000 herds
164 cows/herd
21,250 lb (9640 kg)/cow• 3.69% fat• 3.09% (true) protein
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (7) Cole 2007
U.S. progeny-test bulls U.S. progeny-test bulls (2000)(2000)
Major and marketing-only AI organizations plus breeder-proven
Breeds•Ayrshire 10 bulls•Brown Swiss 53 bulls•Guernsey 15 bulls•Holstein 1436 bulls•Jersey 116 bulls•Milking Shorthorn 1 bull
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (8) Cole 2007
Traits evaluatedTraits evaluated Yield (milk, fat, protein volume;
component percentages)
Type/conformation
Productive life/longevity
Somatic cell score/mastitis resistance
Fertility• Daughter pregnancy rate (cow)• Estimated relative conception rate (bull)
Dystocia and stillbirth (service sire, daughter)
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (9) Cole 2007
Genetic trend –Genetic trend – FatFat
-125
-100
-75
-50
-25
0
25
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Holstein birth year
Bre
edin
g va
lue (kg
) Phenotypic base = 424 kg
sires cows
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (10) Cole 2007
Index changesIndex changes
Trait
Relative emphasis on traits in index (%)PD$
(1971)MFP$(1976)
CY$(1984)
NM$(1994)
NM$(2000)
NM$(2003)
NM$(2006
)Milk 52 27 –2 6 5 0 0Fat 48 46 45 25 21 22 23Protein
… 27 53 43 36 33 23
PL … … … 20 14 11 17SCS … … … –6 –9 –9 –9UDC … … … … 7 7 6FLC … … … … 4 4 3BDC … … … … –4 –3 –4DPR … … … … … 7 9SCE … … … … … –2 …DCE … … … … … –2 …CA$ … … … … … … 6
LSU 2007 – Animal Sciences Seminar (11) Cole 2007
Senior research staffSenior research staff