overview of hydroforming research with bibliometric indicators

Overview of Hydroforming Research with Bibliometric Indicators

Atef M.Ghaleb

Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.

[email protected] Wadea Ameen

Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, AL Yamamah University, Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.

[email protected] Moath Alatefi

Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.

[email protected]

Abdallah Alrshdan Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Alfaisal University, Riyadh ,

Saudi Arabia [email protected]

Abstract

Bibliometric research focuses on quantitative analysis of bibliographic materials. It provides a useful method of classifying information according to different variables, such as by journal, institution, and country. This article presents a systematics research analysis of research on hydroforming using bibliometric indicators. These indicators have many advantages; in this case, they provide a broad picture of, and identify the most influential research in, hydroforming. The analysis here focuses on pertinent journals, research articles, authors, institutions, and countries. The results reveal that Yuan SJ is the most influential author, Journal of Materials Processing Technology and the International Journal of Machine Tools Manufacture are the most influential journals, Harbin Institute of Technology is the most influential institution, and China is the most influential country in the field. Keywords Bibliometric indicators; hydroforming; research articles

1. Introduction Hydroforming has been developing in the end of 1940's and begging1950's, Recently there is an increasing demand of this process in automotive industry, household appliances, aerospace industries and tube networking in other applications [Tolazzi, 2010; A. Alaswad et al, 2012]. Hydroforming is a metal fabricating and forming process which allows the shaping of metals such as steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, and brass (poor et al 2014). This process is a cost-effective and specialized type of die molding that utilizes highly pressurized fluid to form metal (poor et al 2014). usually there are two type used to characterize hydroforming , tube hydroforming and sheet hydroforming . in tube hydroforming a tubular part is set into a cavity of a two halved die-setup then subjected to axial compression and internal pressure. Although, The rapid growth of Tube hydroforming is attributed to its advantages compared with traditional manufacturing via casting and welding, can be summarized as follow: (a) part consolidation; (b) weight reduction; (c) improved structural strength and stiffness via optimized section geometry; (d) fewer secondary operations; (e) tighter tolerances and reduced spring back that facilitates assembly and (f) reduced scrap. However, this process has also some drawbacks, such as slow manufacturing cycle time, expensive equipment and lack of

Proceedings of the 11th Annual International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management Singapore, March 7-11, 2021

© IEOM Society International 3332

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extensive knowledge base for process and tool design [Ahmetoglu et al., 2000, 1, 2; Jirathearanat et al., 2004, Brooghani et al ,2014]. but the Sheet hydroforming uses one die and a sheet of metal; the blank sheet is driven into the die by high pressure water on one side of the sheet forming the desired shape (poor et al 2014). The hydroforming parts can be classified based on; longitudinal axis variation, deformed feature position relative to the longitudinal axis, and cross-section. Some examples of critical geometrical features are: protrusions - T-shape or Y-shape-, Bulges, Bends and Spline. [Strano,2002]. In present paper the bibliometric indicators analysis is used to review the research work in hydroforming filed. Bibliometric indicators analysis is a technique that use to analyze the published papers, citations and their sources (journal, Author, institution, Country). The outcome of using bibliometric indicators analysis is given general picture about the research in the considered topic. It is a useful method to evaluate the influence of journals, authors, institution and countries on the research filed. Same attentions have been given to use the bibliometric indicators analysis in several fields to identify the most influential journals , authors, countries, institutions and so on. Bibliometric indicators analysis is used for evaluating the fuzzy systems (Merigó et al., 2015), ant colony optimization (Deng and Lin, 2012), econometrics (Baltagi, 2007), profiling analysis of pricing research (Leone et al., 2012) management (Podsakoff et al., 2008), probability and statistics (Genest and Guay, 2002) environmental and ecological economics (Hoepner et al., 2012), entrepreneurship (Landström et al., 2012), innovation (Fagerberg et al., 2012), marketing (Seggie and Griffith, 2009), , data envelopment analysis (Liu et al., 2013) grey system (Yin, 2013),( Saqib et al, 2017) electron beam meting and so on. While there isn’t bibliometric review has been don on hydroforming. The main objective of this article is to provide an overview of hydroforming using bibliometrics indicators. Therefore, in this research work, the most productive and influential research conducted in the field of hydroforming is presented. Data used for bibliometric analysis is extracted from the Web of Science (WOS). The WOS provides options to display this information by article, author, institution, journal, and country.

2. Methodology It is important that the appropriate tools and methods be selected for the analysis of the data. The search was carried out in the WOS database, which contains several databases for data classification. In the present study we mainly focused on the Core Collection of the WOS, which considers everything in the WOS. It contains research from all fields of science, and includes information from more than 16,000 journals and 60,000,000 articles; all data are classified into 151 research areas and in 251 subject categories. Several other databases could be considered; however, our study was focused on the WOS database. We have used the keyword “hydroforming” in the “topic” section to improve the search method. Thus, the search was conditioned to provide all papers regarding the hydroforming research. In April 2017, there were 1213 papers that were covered by the WOS, which used the keyword "hydroforming" . Presently, there are 11 types of publications that are considered in the WOS, including proceeding papers, journal articles, editorial material, book reviews, reviews, meeting abstracts, notes, letters, reprints, news items, and discussions. These data have been refined to concentrate only on the journal articles and reviews. Consequently, the number of articles reduced to 896 articles. More than 94% of these publications were published between 2000 and 2016. More specifically, it becomes clear that hydroforming research has been more effective in the last few years, as shown in Figure 1.



Figure 1. Number of annual publications in hydroforming research (articles and reviews) since 1946. Currently, in this scientific area, more than 30 papers are published each year, and 57 papers were registered in 2016. According to the number of citations, this field has a low rate of citations compared to other fields. However, it should be noted that the article published by Tung and McMillan in 2004 has received more than 160 citations. However, the average citations in engineering compared to other areas, such as medicine, physics, biology, and chemistry, is very low. The number of citations received by all publications in the area of hydroforming in conjunction with the number of papers are listed in Table 1 for the evaluation of the citation rate of these publications.

Table 1. General citation structure in hydroforming research in the WOS. Number of

citations

Number of

papers % Papers

≥100 9 1.004%

≥50 26 2.902%

≥20 106 11.830%

≤20 755 84.263%

Total 896 100.000%

From Table 1, we may observe that only nine articles received more than 100 citations, and 11.83% of the papers have more than 20 citations. On the other hand, enjoyable activity is to analyses the global H-index (which is the H-classics, as mentioned by Martínez et al. (2014)) found in hydroforming research. Hirsch (2005) reported that the H-index is used to explain the importance of the group of articles. This means that if an H-index is equal to 50 for a group of papers, then 50 of the papers contained in the group have at least 50 citations each. Therefore, for the collection of papers in hydroforming, the H-index is 25; this indicates that 25 papers have at least 25 citations.

3. Most Influential Journals

There are numerous published journals dedicated to hydroforming sciences. For the classification of the journals with articles in hydroforming, the 25 most effective journals in this area are listed in Table 2.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1946

1954

1974

1984

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

2009

2011

2013

2015



Table 2. Most influential journals in hydroforming research.

R Name H-H TCH TPH %PH >1

00

>2

0 TP TC IF

T5

0 H

1 JMPT 31 3996 182 1.33 5 53 13,700 222995 2.359 24 39

2 IJAMT 12 490 90 0.80 0 4 11,205 89476 1.568 1 18

3 SRI 4 62 46 1.76 0 0 2,614 8769 1.021 1 27

4 PIMEPJE

M 7 178 45 1.28 0 0 3522 19247 0.978 0 91

5 IJMS 17 725 42 0.77 0 14 5,421 77026 2.481 3 92

6 IJMF 6 105 34 2.72 0 0 1,252 4287 1.241 0 106

7 IJMTM 19 859 27 0.69 0 15 3,939 87140 3.315 7 58

8 TNMSC 5 82 27 0.32 0 0 8,396 34067 1.34 0 29

9 JMSETA 5 65 19 0.77 0 0 2,472 24592 1.022 0 33

10 MD 10 302 19 0.19 0 4 9,806 119338 3.997 1 36

11 CAMT 6 90 13 0.57 0 0 2,297 37453 2.492 0 82

12 IJP 12 552 13 0.56 1 10 2,333 77451 5.623 5

13 JMST 4 35 13 0.26 0 0 4,942 15006 0.761 0 63

14 MWW 2 12 12 0.37 0 0 3,244 9415 0.393 0 25

15 JMP 3 39 11 2.50 0 0 440 1174 1.771 0 65

16 MSF 3 25 11 0.03 0 0 38,741 115566 0.399 0 20

17 MT 4 41 9 0.12 0 0 7,398 56177 0.689 0 58

18 JPS 7 214 9 0.04 0 5 23,211 669865 6.333 2 74

19 MMP 5 53 8 0.27 0 0 2,990 18482 1.419 0 14

20 JMAST 3 22 8 0.20 0 0 3950 20471 2.267 0 38

21 MSESM 3 124 8 0.03 0 1 28,540 545684 2.647 0 42

23 JEMTT 4 79 7 0.25 0 1 2,787 38619 0.935 0 225

22 JOM 2 6 7 0.23 0 0 3004 18381 1.798 0 64

24 IJMPT 2 8 6 0.42 0 0 1,426 3508 0.365 0 108

25 JMEP 2 12 6 0.12 0 0 4893 24,346 1.094 0 172

Abbreviations: R, rank; H-H, H-index only for hydroforming ; TCH and TPH, total citations and papers only in hydroforming; %PH, percentage of paper on hydroforming in the journal; >100, >20, number of papers with more than 100 and 20 citations, respectively; TP and TC, total papers and citations, respectively; IF, impact factor 2015; T50, number of papers in the top-50 list is shown in Table 4; H, H-index; JMPT, Journal of Materials Processing Technology; IJAMT, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology; SRI, Steel Research International; PIMEPJEM, Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture; IJMS, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences; IJMF, International Journal of Material Forming; IJMTM, International Journal of Machine Tools Manufacture; TNMSC, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China; JMSETA, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Transactions of the Asme; MD, Materials Design; CAMT, Cirp Annals Manufacturing Technology; IJP, International Journal of Plasticity; JMST, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology; MWW, Material Wissenschaft Und Werkstofftechnik; JMP, Journal of Manufacturing Processes; MSF, Materials Science Forum; MT, Materials Transactions; JPS, Journal of Power Sources; MMP, Materials and Manufacturing Processes; JMAST, Journal of Materials Science Technology; MSESM , Materials Science and Engineering A Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing ; JEMTT, Journal Of Engineering Materials And Technology Transactions Of The Asme ; IJMPT, International Journal of Materials Product Technology ; JMEP, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. According to the hydroforming H-index, Journal of Materials Processing Technology and the International Journal of Machine Tools Manufacture are the most effective journals in the hydroforming research. However, in terms of the percentage of hydroforming papers published in the journal, International Journal of Material Forming and the Journal of Manufacturing Processes are the most influential journals in the field.



The impact factors of journals are listed in Table 3 illustrating the quality of these journals. These data are displayed in the WOS, in the Create Citation Report (CCR). If the current year is expressed as n, it analyses the value of a journal by dividing the number of citations in years (n − 1) and (n − 2) by all papers that were published in years (n − 1) and (n − 2). Furthermore, it is possible to take into consideration the impact factor of all articles that were published every year within the field of hydroforming. The impact factor in 2007 was approximately 0.88, however, in the past two years, namely 2015 and 2016, it has increased to 1.17 and 1.162 respectively. This increase can be attributed to the recent expansion in hydroforming research, and to the increase in the number of publications in the WOS, which may increase the impact factor of the material that was previously available. However, it should be noted that the impact factor has received many critiques during the past years because some believe that it has many restrictions in terms that someone may simply tamper with the general results by using self-citations or similar methods [Garfield (2006)]. Currently, the WOS has attempted to develop a solution to this problem by employing a five-year impact factor instead of a two-year impact factor. However, there are many debates on this problem are, and more adjustments are expected in the future. As explained above, several different methods have been proposed for addressing the value and impact of a set of publications, in addition to the numerous restrictions that have to be considered. For example, [Merigó et al. 2015 and Podsakoff et al. 2008] have considered all publications as one publication, and each of their citations as one unit. However, publishing in a world-renowned journal is not the same as publishing in a less well-known journal. Thus, if authors would publish three articles in a world-renowned journal within the field, the value of their publications would be higher that the value of publishing six articles in a less well-known journal. Clearly, each publication has a different value; however, from a common perspective, this case it should be considered [Merigó et al. 2015].

Table 3. Impact factor in hydroforming research

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

TP 44 74 50 73 52 45 59 38 61 57

TC 578 684 518 612 289 212 232 127 80 29

TP2 104 97 118 124 123 125 97 101 94 99

TC2 91 93 111 160 136 117 83 90 110 115

IF 0.875 0.959 0.941 1.290 1.106 0.936 0.856 0.891 1.170 1.162 Abbreviations: TP, total number of paper published in year n; TC, total number of citations received from papers published in year n; TC2, total citations received in year n − 1 and n − 2 from year n; TP2, total number of papers published in year n − 1 and n − 2; IF, impact factor of year n.

4. Most Influential Articles Dividing the publications according to the citation report is important when analyzing the publications in hydroforming. Thus, it is possible to obtain publications that have the highest citations in hydroforming. Although several aspects may affect the importance of an article, the total number of citations may invert the popularity and effect of each author in the scientific community. Table 4 lists the 50 articles that have received the most citations through time in hydroforming research.

Table 4. 50 most cited papers in hydroforming research of all time. R J TC Title Author/s Year C/Y

1 TI 167 Automotive tribology overview of current

advances and challenges for the future

Tung, SC;

McMillan, ML 2004 12.85

2 JMPT 155 Tube hydroforming: state-of-the-art and future

trends

Ahmetoglu, M;

Altan, T 2000 9.12

3 JMPT 155 Hydroforming - A method to manufacture

light-weight parts

Dohmann, F;

Hartl, C 1996 7.38

4 JMPT 150 An overall review of the tube hydroforming

(THF) technology Koc, M; Altan, T 2001 9.38



http://apps.webofknowledge.com/CitationReport.do?product=WOS&search_mode=CitationReport&SID=4Aq7gAf9YB9kvPjVI2Z&page=1&cr_pqid=17&viewType=summary&colName=WOS

5 JMPT 141 Tube hydroforming - research and practical

application

Dohmann, F;

Hartl, C 1997 7.05

6 IJP 138

Review of theoretical models of the strain-

based FLD and their relevance to the stress-

based FLD

Stoughton, TB;

Zhu, XH 2004 10.62

7 JMPT 108 Hydroforming highlights: sheet hydroforming

and tube hydroforming Lang, LH et al 2004 8.31

8 CMAME 108 Application of Polycrystal Plasticity To Sheet

Forming

BEAUDOIN, AJ

et al 1994 4.70

9 JMPT 100

Evaluation of tube formability and material

characteristics: hydraulic bulge testing of

tubes

Sokolowski, T et al 2002 6.67

10 IJMTM 92 Prediction of forming limits and parameters in

the tube hydroforming process Koc, M; Altan, T 2002 6.13

11 MSEAM 89 Theoretical and experimental analysis of

stroke-controlled tube hydroforming

Asnafi, N;

Skogsgardh, A 2000 5.24

12 JMPT 85 Development of hydro-mechanical deep

drawing

Zhang, SH;

Danckert, J 1,998 4.47

13 JMPT 82 Optimizing tube hydroforming using process

simulation and experimental verification

Aue-U-Lan, Y;

Ngaile, G; Altan, T 2004 6.31

14 CPASM 79

Non-orthogonal constitutive equation for

woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic

composites

Yu, WR et al 2002 5.27

15 JMPT 78 Tube hydroforming: current research,

applications and need for training

Ahmetoglu, M et

al 2000 4.59

16 TWS 73 Analytical modelling of tube hydroforming Asnafi, N 1999 4.06

17 IJMTM 68 On the characteristics of tubular materials for

hydroforming - experimentation and analysis Koc, M et al 2001 4.25

18 IJMTM 67 Numerical product design: Springback

prediction, compensation and optimization Meinders, T et al 2008 7.44

19 JMPT 66 Optimization of loading conditions for tube

hydroforming

Fann, KJ; Hsiao,

PY 2003 4.71

20 IEC 66

HYDROFORMING REACTIONS - EFFECT

OF CERTAIN CATALYST PROPERTIES

AND POISONS

HETTINGER et al 1995 3.00

21 IJMTM 64

The use of FEA and design of experiments to

establish design guidelines for simple

hydroformed parts

Koc, M et al 2000 3.76

22 JMPT 64 Developments in hydroforming Zhang, SH 1999 3.56

23 JMPT 63 Research and advances in fundamentals and

industrial applications of hydroforming Hartl, C 2005 5.25



24 IJMTM 62

Investigation of size effects on material

behavior of thin sheet metals using hydraulic

bulge testing at micro/meso-scales

Mahabunphachai,

Sasawat et al 2008 6.89

25 FEAD 61

Determination of the optimal load path for

tube hydroforming processes using a fuzzy

load control algorithm and finite element

analysis

Ray, P; Mac

Donald, BJ 2004 4.69

26 IJMTM 60 Loading path optimization of tube

hydroforming process

Imaninejad, M et

al 2005 5.00

27 IJMS 57 Numerical analysis and design for tubular

hydroforming

Xing, HL;

Makinouchi, A 2001 3.56

28 JMPT 56 An adaptive simulation approach designed for

tube hydroforming processes Aydemir, A et al 2005 4.67

29 IJP 55

Forming of aluminum alloys at elevated

temperatures - Part 2: Numerical modeling and

experimental verification

Abedrabbo, N et al 2006 5.00

30 MD 54 Investigations on forming of aluminum 5052

and 6061 sheet alloys at warm temperatures

Mahabunphachai,

S.; Koc, M. 2010 7.71

31 JMPT 54 Design sensitivity analysis and optimization of

the hydroforming process Yang, JB et al 2001 3.38

32 JMPT 53

Effects of process parameters and material

properties on deformation process in tube

hydroforming

Manabe, K;

Amino, M 2005 4.42

33 IJP 50 Inflation and burst of anisotropic aluminum

tubes for hydroforming applications

Korkolis, Yannis

P.; Kyriakides,

Stelios

2008 5.56

34 JMPT 50 Investigation of thickness variation and corner

filling in tube hydroforming Kridli, GT et al 2003 3.57

35 JMPT 50 Recent developments in hydroforming

technology Siegert, K et al 2000 2.94

36 JMPT 49 Recent developments in sheet hydroforming

technology Zhang, SH et al 2004 3.77

37 JMPT 48

Evolution of subsequent yield surfaces and

elastic constants with finite plastic

deformation. Part III: Yield surface in tension-

tension stress space (Al 6061-T 6511 and

annealed 1100 Al)

Khan, Akhtar S et

al 2010 6.86

38 JPS 47

Feasibility investigations on a novel micro-

manufacturing process for fabrication of fuel

cell bipolar plates: Internal pressure-assisted

Koc, Mummer;

Mahabunphachai,

Sasawat

2007 4.70



embossing of micro-channels with in-die

mechanical bonding

39 JMPT 47

Process design for hydroforming of

lightweight metal sheets at elevated

temperatures

Novotny, S;

Geiger, M 2003 3.36

40 IJP 46 Path-dependent failure of inflated aluminum

tubes

Korkolis, Yannis

P.; Kyriakides,

Stelios

2009 5.75

41 JMPT 46

Hydroforming of Y-shapes - product and

process design using FEA simulation and

experiments

Jirathearanat, S;

Hartl, C; Altan, T 2004 3.54

42 JMPT 46 The tube bending technology of a

hydroforming process for an automotive part

Yang, JB; Jeon,

BH; Oh, SI 2001 2.88

43 JPS 45

Effect of manufacturing processes on

formability and surface topography of proton

exchange membrane fuel cell metallic bipolar

plates

Mahabunphachai,

Sasawat et al 2010 6.43

44 IJP 45 Analysis of tube hydroforming in a square

cross-sectional die

Hwang, YM;

Chen, WC 2005 3.75

45 IJMS 44

Analytical and numerical approach to

prediction of forming limit in tube

hydroforming

Kim, J et al 2005 3.67

46 JMPT 44

Finite element simulation of the tube

hydroforming process - bending, preforming

and hydroforming

Trana, K 2002 2.93

47 JMPT 44 Hydroforming of sheet metal pairs Hein, P;

Vollertsen, F 1999 2.44

48 IJMTM 43 Hydroforming of automotive structural

components with rectangular-sections Yuan, S. J et al 2006 3.91

49 IJMS 43

RUPTURE INSTABILITY IN

HYDROFORMING DEEP-DRAWING

PROCESS

YOSSIFON, S;

TIROSH, J 1985 1.34

50 IJAMT 42

Comparison of implicit and explicit finite-

element methods for the hydroforming process

of an automobile lower arm

Kim, J et al 2002 2.80

Journal abbreviations are available in Table 2 Clearly, the paper by Tung and McMillan published in 2004 is the most cited and effective one; following is “Tube hydroforming: state-of-the-art and future trends” by Ahmetoglu and Altan, 2000, and “Hydroforming - A method to manufacture light-weight parts” by Dohmann and Hartl, 1996 with 155 citations. It should be noted that this list includes only journal articles and reviews with a focus on their respective number of citations. The main limitation of this technique is that it requires a manual search, which sometimes impedes the process of retrieving all data. We conducted an analysis for all researchers in hydroforming to determine whether some of their papers were highly cited.



This procedure presented several disadvantages because occasionally, many references have not been provided correctly; thus, the database presents problems in classifying all of them under the same section.

5. Most Influential Authors A serious issue for acquisition an overview of hydroforming research is to specify the authors with the higher impact. Table 5 presents a list of 25 authors who have the highest number of articles in the hydroforming. The objective of this section is to examine the more active authors in the hydroforming sciences without overlooking the most effective ones. Moreover, the table contains certain other indexes for the purpose of offering a general perspective about each author. As can be observed, Altan T is the most effective author in hydroforming research, with 1159 citations. Furthermore, we may notice that he has received 155 citations from only one paper, despite the fact that he did not publish many works compared to other authors.

Table 5. The most productive and influential authors in hydroforming research.

R Name Country TP-

F TC-F H-F H TP10 TC10 TP TC

1 Yuan SJ China 84 533 11 40 61 181 739 7168

2 Lang LH China 33 371 9 13 16 37 69 502

3 Kang BS South

Korea 32 463 15 36 8 52 267 4881

4 Liu G China 31 164 8 9 23 70 258 48

5 Koc M USA 29 875 16 17 18 349 58 970

6 Kim J South

Korea 27 357 12 8 7 45 229 35

7 Moon YH South

Korea 27 126 6 14 18 69 90 637

8 Wang XS China 25 197 7 11 13 39 106 387

9 Altan T USA 24 1159 18 39 0 0 262 5246

10 Wang ZR China 20 287 9 9 1 1 47 396

11 BAKHSHI-Jooybari

M IRAN 18 52 3 9 18 52 45 183

12 Danckert J Denmark 18 419 10 27 118 2197

13 Hwang YM Taiwan 18 287 11 16 5 45 53 640

14 HE ZB China 17 121 7 7 13 81 24 169

15 Nielsen KB Denmark 17 332 9 13 2 8 41 466

16 Zhang SH China 17 365 8 18 6 8 171 1231

17 Groche P Germany 15 41 4 14 116 1088

18 Ngaile G USA 15 188 5 12 11 43 51 529

19 Pourboghrat F USA 15 354 10 20 4 52 66 1264

20 Chu GN China 14 37 3 7 13 24 40 149

21 XU YC China 14 24 3 11 14 24 59 405

22 Gorji A Iran 13 42 3 3 13 42 13 42

23 Manabe K Japan 12 112 4 17 10 21 136 919

24 Van Tyne CJ USA 12 103 6 15 9 54 113 967

25 Yang LF China 11 16 3 4 9 12 53 92

Abbreviations: R, rank; TP-H, TC-H, and H-H, total papers, citations, and H-index for hydroforming, respectively; H, H-index; TP10 and TC10, total papers and citations in the last 10 years, respectively; TP and TC, total papers and citations, respectively.



Here, we have focused on authors who have the highest number of papers in hydroforming; Yuan SJ is at the first position, with 84 papers; Lang LH is second, with 33 papers; Kang BS is at the third position, with 32 papers. The remaining authors have received their positions as shown in the table. According to the citation report, Koc M has received 875 citations after Altan T, followed by Yuan SJ, Kang BS, Danckert J, Lang LH , etc. It is worth mentioning that several articles in the hydroforming did not use the terms “hydroforming”; thus, their citations are not included in the list. However, an additional column was used for the analysis of all citations that have been received by every author to provide a comprehensive view; this column can also be used as indicative of the effect of these researchers in this area. In this situation, Yuan SJ comes in the first position with 7168 citations then Altan T comes in the second position with 5246 citations, then Kang BS, Danckert J, etc. To render the effect of the publications of these authors on the hydroforming more tangible, a ranking of their articles in accordance with six journals, which are considered the most important outlets of the hydroforming research, are listed in Table 6.

Table 6. Total number of papers classified by selected journals. R Author name JMPT IJMTM IJMS IJAMT SRI IJMF Total

1 Yuan SJ 18 2 6 12 4 0 42

2 Lang LH 11 2 0 3 2 2 20

3 Kang BS 12 4 3 7 0 1 27

4 Liu G 8 1 0 5 1 0 15

5 Koc M 4 6 0 1 0 0 11

6 Kim J 9 4 2 9 1 0 25

7 Moon YH 4 1 1 0 1 0 7

8 Wang XS 6 1 4 3 1 0 15

9 Altan T 13 5 0 0 1 0 19

10 Wang ZR 12 0 0 0 0 0 12

11 Bakhshi-Jooybari M 0 0 0 6 5 1 12

12 Danckert J 10 2 0 0 0 0 12

13 Hwang YM 4 1 0 0 0 1 6

14 HE ZB 4 0 2 0 0 0 6

15 Nielsen KB 9 2 0 0 0 0 11

16 Zhang SH 6 2 0 1 1 0 10

17 Groche P 1 1 0 1 4 1 8

18 Ngaile G 4 0 1 0 0 0 5

19 Pourboghrat F 1 0 3 0 0 0 4

20 CHU GN 1 0 0 5 0 1 7

21 XU YC 1 0 2 1 3 0 7

22 Gorji A 0 0 0 5 3 1 9

23 Manabe K 2 1 0 0 3 0 6

24 Van Tyne CJ 5 1 0 0 0 0 6

25 Worswick MJ 0 0 1 0 0 1 2

Journal Abbreviations are available in Table 2. It can be observed that most authors have published their work in JMPT; only Bakhshi-Jooybari M, Gorji A, and Worswick MJ have not published in JMPT. To attain the optimal perspective for the researchers according to number of publications in those journals, Table 7 displays the 25 researchers who have the highest number of publications in each of the selected journals.



Table 7. Authors with the highest number of papers in six selected journals.

R

JMPT IJMTM IJMS IJAMT SRI IJMF

Author TP Author TP Author T

P Author

T

P Author

T

P Author

T

P

1 YUAN SJ 18 KOC M 6 YUAN SJ 6 YUAN SJ 1

2

BAKHSHI

-

JOOYBA

RI M

5 BRAGA

D 3

2 ALTAN T 13 ALTAN

T 5 TIROSH J 4 KANG BS 7

GROCHE

P 4

CERETTI

E 3

3 KANG BS 12 KANG

BS 4 WANG XS 4

BAKHSHI-

JOOYBARI

M

6 YUAN SJ 4 MARRE

M 3

4 WANG ZR 12 KIM J 4 KANG BS 3 KIM J 6 ELYASI

M 3

TEKKAY

A AE 3

5 LANG LH 11 DANCK

ERT J 2

POURBOGH

RAT F 3 CHU GN 5 GORJI A 3

GIARDIN

I C 2

6 DANCKER

T J 10

LANG

LH 2 YOSSIFON S 3 GORJI A 5

MANABE

K 3

HASHEM

I R 2

7 KIM J 9 LEI LP 2 CUI XL 2 LIU G 5 NOUROU

ZI S 3

LANG

LH 2

8 NIELSEN

KB 9

NIELSE

N KB 2 HE ZB 2 GUO XZ 4 XU YC 3

MASSON

I E 2

9 LIU G 8 YUAN SJ 2 HU WL 2 HOSSEINIP

OUR SJ 4

ZHANG

ZC 3

MERKLE

IN M 2

1

0 HARTL C 6

ZHANG

SH 2 KIM J 2 HUANG TL 4

ERTUGR

UL M 2 MUSSI V 2

1

1 WANG XS 6

ZHOU

LX 2 KIM SW 2 LIU ZL 4 HAN C 2

SORNIN

D 2

1

2

ZHANG

SH 6

TEKKAY

A AE 1

KORKOLIS

YP 2 SONG XW 4

HYRCZA-

MICHALS

KA M

2 STRANO

M 2

1

3 GELIN JC 5

TENG

BG 1

KYRIAKIDE

S S 2 TAO J 4 LANG LH 2

VALENT

E RAF 2

1

4

STRANO

M 5

TRICARI

CO L 1 LIN YL 2 GREEN DE 3 LI YM 2

TOLAZZI

M 1

1

5

VAN

TYNE CJ 5

VAN

TYNE CJ 1 LIU W 2 KWAN CT 3 LIU BS 2

VELASC

O R 1

1

6

VOLLERT

SEN F 5

WANG

XS 1 LUO AA 2 LANG LH 3 LIU X 2 VILLA A 1



1

7 LEE MY 4

WANG

ZT 1

NARASIMH

AN R 2 LI SH 3 METZ C 2

WANG

KH 1

1

8 LEI LP 4

WANG

ZW 1 NEFUSSI G 2 LIN ZQ 3

URBAN

M 2

WANJAR

A P 1

1

9 MOON YH 4 XU C 1 NOH TS 2 LIU M 3 ZHU FX 2

WORSWI

CK MJ 1

2

0 NGAILE G 4 XU Y 1

SACHDEV

AK 2 MA FY 3

ZHANG

MY 1

ZAEH

MF 1

2

1

NILSSON

L 4 YANG H 1 SONG WJ 2 TENG BG 3

ZHANG

SH 1

ZAFAR

RW 1

2

2 OH SI 4 YANG M 1

TAGHIPOU

R E 2 WANG H 3 ZHAO XN 1

ZGHAL

A 1

2

3

SIMONSS

ON K 4 ZHAN M 1 XU Y 2 WANG XS 3 ZHU SQ 1

ZHANG

C 1

2

4 SMITH LM 4

ZHANG

ZY 1 XU YC 2 YANG LF 3

ZHUANG

WM 1

ZHANG

RJ 1

2

5 TENG BG 4

ZHAO

SD 1 YANG DY 2 ZHANG WG 2

ZOGHIPO

UR P 1

ZHENG

H 1

Table 8. The most influential institutions in hydroforming research.

R Name Country HH6 TPH6 TCH6 TPH TCH HH

1 Harbin Institute of

Technology China 12 50 541 104 696 13

2 Pusan National

University

South

Korea 15 34 524 61 592 15

3 Pusan National

University Hospital

South

Korea 15 34 532 58 604 15

4 Ohio State University USA 14 18 893 25 907 15

5 Beihang University China 5 16 67 22 97 6

6 Aalborg University Denmark 10 14 469 20 501 11

7

Babol Noshirvani

University of

Technology

Iran 3 12 25 19 49 4

8 General Motors

Company USA 1 1 30 19 442 10

9

Centre National De

La Recherche

Scientifique Cnrs

France 7 13 112 18 171 8

10 National Sun Yat Sen

University Taiwan 5 7 131 18 293 11



11 Michigan State

University USA 1 1 2 17 372 10

12 University of Tehran Iran 6 7 87 17 195 8

13 Shanghai Jiao Tong

University China 7 10 100 16 165 8

14

Virginia

Commonwealth

University

USA 3 3 113 16 427 12

15 Darmstadt University

of Technology Germany 3 8 23 15 43 4

16 University of

Waterloo Canada 3 3 64 15 238 10

17 Dortmund University

of Technology Germany 4 6 37 13 58 5

18 University Of

Michigan USA 7 8 154 13 297 10

19 University of

Michigan System USA 7 8 154 13 297 10

20 Colorado School of

Mines USA 6 6 89 12 105 6

21 Tokyo Metropolitan

University Japan 4 6 106 12 113 4

22 University Of

Erlangen Nuremberg Germany 7 8 167 12 182 8

23 Seoul National

University

South

Korea 4 4 147 11 283 7

24

United States

Department Of

Energy DOE

USA 1 1 2 11 217 6

25 University Of North

Carolina USA 1 1 5 11 48 4

Abbreviations are available in Table 2

6. The most effective and productive institutions Various institutions from different countries conduct research on hydroforming; some of them are very known universities, whereas others are corporation. Table 8 lists the 25 most effective institutions in hydroforming studies according to the H-index, which found in the six journals considered as the most effective ones and only publications that used the keyword “hydroforming” in these journals are considered. The publications and citations in the six effective journals were assumed to fully capture the research of these institutions. The Harbin Institute of Technology is at the first position in terms of the total of papers in the six selected journals and the total of papers in all journals and; the Ohio State University obtains the first position in terms of the total number of citations. It should be noted that 9 institutions from the USA are in the top 25, China as South Korea as has three institutions in the top 25, and European institutions are five in the list. Table 9 lists the 25 institutions with the highest number of articles in six selected journals that are highly faithful to hydroforming.



Table 9. Institutions with the highest number of papers in six selected journals.

R

JMPT IJMTM IJMS IJAMT SRI IJMF

Institution TP Institution T

P

Institutio

n

T

P Institution

T

P Institution

T

P Institution

T

P

1

HARBIN

INST

TECHNOL

24 PUSAN NATL

UNIV

5

HARBIN

INST

TECHN

OL

6

HARBIN

INST

TECHNO

L

1

5

BABOL

NOSHIRVA

NI UNIV

TECHNOL

4

TECH

UNIV

DORTM

UND

3

2

PUSAN

NATL

UNIV

16 UNIV

AALBORG

3

PUSAN

NATL

UNIV

4

PUSAN

NATL

UNIV

7 HARBIN

INST

TECHNOL

4

UNIV

BRESCIA

3

3

OHIO

STATE

UNIV

14 CHINESE

ACAD SCI

2

MICHIG

AN

STATE

UNIV

3

JILIN

UNIV

5 TECH UNIV

DARMSTAD

T

4

CNRS 2

4

UNIV

AALBOR

G

11 HARBIN INST

TECHNOL

2

TECHNI

ON

ISRAEL

INST

TECHN

OL

3

SHANGH

AI JIAO

TONG

UNIV

5 NORTHEAS

TERN UNIV

3

IRAN

UNIV SCI

TECHNO

L

2

5

BEIHANG

UNIV

6 TOWER

AUTOMOT

2

ALCOA

INC

2

BABOL

UNIV

TECHNO

L

4 TOKYO

METROPOL

ITAN UNIV

3

LAB

MUSP

2

6

UNIV

MICHIGA

N

6 VIRGINIA

COMMONWE

ALTH UNIV

2

GEN

MOTOR

S RES

DEV

CTR

2

NANJIN

G UNIV

AERONA

UT

ASTRON

AUT

4 BEIHANG

UNIV

2

POLITEC

N MILAN

2

7

COLORA

DO SCH

MINES

5 DEPT MECH

MANAGEMEN

T ENGN

1

INDIAN

INST

SCI

2

UNIV

TEHRAN

4 ISLAMIC

AZAD UNIV

2

UNIV

AVEIRO

2

8

SHANGH

AI JIAO

TONG

UNIV

5 ECOLE MINES

PARIS

1

KOREA

ADV

INST

SCI

TECHN

OL

2

BABOL

NOSHIR

VANI

UNIV

TECHNO

L

3 PUSAN

NATL UNIV

2

UNIV

BERGAM

O

2



9

INDUK

INST

TECHNOL

4 FORTGESCHRI

TTENE PROD

SYST

FAHRZEUGIN

D

1

SHARIF

UNIV

TECHN

OL

2

GUILIN

UNIV

ELECT

TECHNO

L

3 RHEIN

WESTFAL

TH

AACHEN

2

UNIV

ERLANG

EN

NURNBE

RG

2

1

0

LINKOPI

NG UNIV

4 MICHIGAN

TECHNOL

UNIV

1

TROY

DESIGN

MFG CO

2

HARBIN

INST

TECHNO

L

WEIHAI

3 SILESIAN

TECH UNIV

2

UNIV

PORTO

2

1

1

NATL

SUN YAT

SEN UNIV

4 MIDDLE E

TECH UNIV

1

UNIV

TEXAS

AUSTIN

2

NATL

HUWEI

INST

TECHNO

L

3 RUSSIAN

ACAD SCI

1

PRATT

WHITNE

Y

CANADA

1

1

2

OAKLAN

D UNIV

4 NATL SUN

YAT SEN UNIV

1

SANDIA

NATL

LABS

1

UNIV

WINDSO

R

3 SHANGHAI

BAOSTEEL

HYDROFOR

MING

PARTS CO

LTD

1

RUSSIAN

ACAD

SCI

1

1

3

SEOUL

NATL

UNIV

4 NETHERLAND

S INST MET

RES

1

SEOUL

NATL

UNIV

1

CATHOL

IC UNIV

TAEGU

2 SHOUGANG

CORP

1

SCH

MECH

ENGN

AUTOM

AT

1

1

4

UNIV

ERLANGE

N

NURNBE

RG

4 NORTHWESTE

RN POLYTECH

UNIV

1

SHANG

HAI

JIAO

TONG

UNIV

1

CHINA

ACAD

ENGN

PHYS

2 TABRIZ

UNIV

1

SHARIF

UNIV

TECHNO

L

1

1

5

UNIV

GESAMT

HSCH

PADERB

ORN

4 OHIO STATE

UNIV

1

TARBIA

T

MODAR

ES UNIV

1

ENIS 2 TH

DARMSTAD

T

1

TECH

UNIV

MUNICH

1

1

6

NANJING

UNIV

AERONA

UT

3 SEVENKOM

ENGN SERV

LLC

1

TEXAS

A M

UNIV

1

ENSMM 2 TOYOHASH

I UNIV

TECHNOL

1

UNIV

CALABR

IA

1



ASTRON

AUT

1

7

STATE

KEY LAB

MECH

SYST

VIBRAT

3 SHENYANG

INST

TECHNOL

1

UNIV

BORDE

AUX

1

INSA

ROUEN

2 TRANSVAL

OR

1

UNIV

DARMST

ADT

1

1

8

UNIV

CASSINO

3 TH

DARMSTADT

1

UNIV

COIMB

RA

1

KUWAIT

UNIV

2 TU

BERGAKAD

FREIBERG

1

UNIV

OSIJEK

1

1

9

UNIV

PADERB

ORN

3 TOKYO

METROPOLIT

AN UNIV

1

UNIV

MINHO

1

NATL

MET

MAT

TECHNO

L CTR

MTEC

2 UNIV

BIRMINGH

AM

1

UNIV

PALERM

O

1

2

0

UNIV

TEHRAN

3 TOYOHASHI

UNIV

TECHNOL

1

UNIV

PARIS

06

1

OHIO

STATE

UNIV

2 UNIV

DORTMUN

D

1

UNIV

SALENT

O

1

2

1

UNIV

BERGAM

O

2 UNIV

MICHIGAN

1

UNIV

TECHN

OL

TROYE

S

1

SHANGH

AI

AIRCRA

FT MFG

CO LTD

2 UNIV

ERLANGEN

NURNBERG

1

UNIV

TOULOU

SE

1

2

2

UNIV

BRESCIA

2 UNIV TWENTE 1

UNIV

TEHRA

N

1

UNIV

BERGA

MO

2 UNIV

LONDON

IMPERIAL

COLL SCI

TECHNOL

MED

1

UNIV

WATERL

OO

1

2

3

UNIV

LAVAL

2 XI AN JIAO

TONG UNIV

1

UNIV

WATER

LOO

1

UNIV

BORDEA

UX

2 UNIV

SALENTO

1

UNIV

WINDSO

R

1

2

4

UNIV

PARIS 06

2 YOKOHAMA

NATL UNIV

1

UNIV

WINDS

OR

1

UNIV

BRESCIA

2 UTSUNOMI

YA UNIV

1

UNIV

ZAGREB

1

2

5

UNIV

SAO

PAULO

2 ZHENGZHOU

UNIV LIGHT

IND

1

WESTE

RN

KENTU

CKY

UNIV

1

UNIV

LAVAL

2 WARSAW

UNIV

TECHNOL

1

UTT

GAMMA

INRIA

1



Abbreviations are available in Table 2

7. Analysis by country The objective of this section is to analyze hydroforming research according to country. It should be noted that certain researchers shift from country to another country. Thus, the researcher will have published papers from more than one country. This appears frequently in the USA and the UK because these two countries most attract researchers from other countries. The publication record in these two countries is very high compared to other countries. Table 10 lists the results that are classified based on the H-index of the country in hydroforming research. The China holds the first position. USA in the second position, however, the USA has received a number of citations that is three times higher than that of China; however, more than 94% of these papers have been published during the last sixteen years. In the third position comes Germany, which is very close to China in terms of the number of citations and the H-index; then follows South Korea, in the fourth position.

Table 10. The most influential countries in hydroforming research. Rank Name TP TC >100 >20 TP10 TC10 H

1 China 204 1149 1 10 160 590 17

2 USA 168 3474 4 52 94 1210 33

3 Germany 101 1150 2 13 41 200 17

4 South Korea 100 1027 0 15 47 225 18

5 Iran 75 399 0 3 73 371 11

6 France 44 314 0 4 31 144 10

7 Canada 43 423 0 6 34 284 13

8 Japan 38 355 0 5 27 123 11

9 Italy 37 320 0 6 25 162 11

10 Taiwan 35 465 0 7 14 125 3

11 Denmark 21 485 1 6 3 13 11

12 Turkey 21 162 0 2 20 159 8

13 Sweden 13 320 0 4 7 60 9

14 India 12 89 0 1 10 61 6

15 England 10 71 0 1 3 30 4

16 Poland 10 36 0 0 9 29 4

17 Tunisia 10 45 0 0 10 45 3

18 Portugal 9 34 0 0 9 34 3

19 Ireland 8 170 0 2 5 53 6

20 Thailand 8 138 0 3 6 133 3

Abbreviations: TP and TC, total papers and citations, respectively; >100, >20, number of papers with more than 100 and 20 citations, respectively; TP10 and TC10, total papers and citations in the last 10 years, respectively; H, H-index of the country in hydroforming research.

8. Mapping hydroforming by VOS Viewer Software The graphical representation of hydroforming research articles is conducted in this section. The graphs bellow presents a visualized picture of the common work and occurrence of authors, organizations, and documents, in the field of hydroforming research. For this purpose, we use the VOS viewer software, which uses a bibliographic material, to figure out the co-authorship, co-occurrence, citations, bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis. The explanation of all these bibliographic idioms will be clear below. Note that the graph visualizes those variables mostly meet the bibliographic parameters. In the graphs bellow, the circles are representing the set (authors, organizations, …etc.), so the bigger the circle the more the corresponding set has been repeated (link strength). Link strength means how many



times the corresponding set repeated in the field selected (co-authorship, co-occurrence, …etc.). Also the lines between them are representing the repetitions, so the thickest the strongest relation [ Merigó, J.M et al 2017].

8.1. Co-authorship- Authors

Co-authorship illustrates the volume of publications of authors, organizations, and countries and how they are connected between them. Regarding the co-authorship between authors in hydroforming research, Figure 2 show that Yuan, SJ has the greatest co-authorship among all other authors. Yuan, SJ exists a 84 times (link strength) with other authors in all his 84 published articles in the field of hydroforming. Also Kang, BS is the second author having more co-authorship. Next is Lang, LH.

Figure 2: Co-authorship: Authors.

8.2. Co-authorship_ Organizations

In this section, the co-authorship between organizations is shown in Figure 3. Among all organizations publishing in hydroforming research, Harbin Institute of Technology has the strongest co-authorship with other organizations. It has 42 co-authorships with all other organizations, and Pusan National University comes in the second position with 32 total links strength of co-authorship. Note that the total link strength is represent the relation of co-authorship of a set with all other, and it doesn't equal to the number of publications, because the set may have more than one co-authorship in the same paper and then will be counted more than one.



Figure 3: Co-authorship: Organizations.

8.3. Co-occurrence- all keywords

Co-occurrence measures the number of times that a keyword appears in the documents considered. The graph shows the keywords mostly used in the field considered. All keywords (the keywords that appears in the first page of many journals and in abstract) are considered to visualize the existing of our related keywords and their common existing in the same paper. Figure 4 shows that our keyword of research " hydroforming” is the strongest occurrence (existence in papers considered) and have the strongest link (common existing with other keywords). It is existed in 286 article (occurrence) and has 275 common occurrences with other keywords (total link strength). then the keyword "Tube hydroforming" comes in the second position, that is has 188 occurrences and 183 total link strength .

Figure 4: Co-occurrence: All keywords.

8.4. Bibliographic Coupling- Authors

Bibliographic coupling: the connections show the variables (documents, sources, authors, organizations, or countries) that cite the same documents. But not necessarily means they are co-authors. Note that the two connected documents appear in the figure but not the third one unless it also has a significant degree of bibliographic coupling through other documents. In figure 5 we figure out the bibliographic coupling between authors. The results show that Yuan SJ has



the most common reference with other authors with 1338.51 link strength. Note that link strength for an author means the number of times that he and another author have cited a third author. When two authors have strong link strength in this graphs, that may indicate they are mostly using the same references in their published articles, also indicate they are interested in the same research gap.

Figure 5: Bibliographic coupling: Authors

9. Conclusions A general survey using a bibliometric method has been provided for the field of hydroforming. From the survey, we

may observe that the results are in conformity with the popular information. The results show that there is a high

degree of dispersion in hydroforming studies, and that there are several effective countries that have spearheaded the

China in this scientific field. Moreover, the results reveal that Journal of Materials Processing Technology is the most

effective journal in this field, and that the Harbin Institute of Technology is the most effective institution in this field,

followed by the Pusan National University. Regardless of the institution, there are numerous effective authors in this

area from different countries, including Yuan SJ, Lang LH, Kang BS , Liu G etc.

Focusing on American researchers, they have a strong effect in the hydroforming research, having 9 institutions in the

top 25, and being responsible for Journal of Materials Processing Technology, which is probably the most common

journal in this field. Despite the general bibliometric overview of hydroforming research that the present article has

presented, it should be noted that there are certain disadvantages; the data provided are only informative, and are only

directed toward research in this particular scientific field.

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, for funding this study through

the Vice Deanship of Scientific Research Chairs.

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