overview of the egyptian electricity and energy sector

1

44thth Annual Conference & Exhibition Annual Conference & Exhibition

For Metering, Billing and Customer ServiceFor Metering, Billing and Customer Service

In Electricity Industry in the Middle East & AfricaIn Electricity Industry in the Middle East & Africa

Eng. Eng. Maher Soliman MattaMaher Soliman MattaHead of South Cairo Network SectorsCairo Electricity Distribution Co.

Eng. Eng. Azza Abdel HadyAzza Abdel HadyGeneral manager for technical planning affairsEgyptian Electricity Holding Co.

Eng. Eng. Ramadan F.A. El-FetouhRamadan F.A. El-FetouhSenior planning EngineerEgyptian Electricity Holding Co.

October 2003October 2003

2

The electricity was introduced in Egypt in 1893, the The electricity was introduced in Egypt in 1893, the

generation and distribution were owned by private generation and distribution were owned by private

companies for about 70 years.companies for about 70 years.

In July 2001, significant changes in the structure of In July 2001, significant changes in the structure of

the electricity and energy sector took place, the electricity and energy sector took place,

production and distribution were unbundled.production and distribution were unbundled.

3

The power system in Egypt serves about 19.2 million The power system in Egypt serves about 19.2 million

customers of which about 16.5 million residential.customers of which about 16.5 million residential.

The total annual energy meters required is about The total annual energy meters required is about

1018116 meters.1018116 meters.

The metering system in Egypt still depends on the The metering system in Egypt still depends on the

electromechanical meters that have many electromechanical meters that have many

disadvantages including low accuracy. disadvantages including low accuracy.

4

Today's energy measurement application demand Today's energy measurement application demand

that energy meters be both intelligentthat energy meters be both intelligent and powerful and powerful

to satisfyto satisfy ELECTRIC UTILITESELECTRIC UTILITES challenges of challenges of

accurate measurement besides information needed accurate measurement besides information needed

for improving power quality, customer service and for improving power quality, customer service and

planning for future, planning for future, a complete energy measurement a complete energy measurement

and a communication systemand a communication system can integrate Power can integrate Power

Quality Monitoring, Event Recording, Load Profiling, Quality Monitoring, Event Recording, Load Profiling,

Cutoffs Reporting and more.Cutoffs Reporting and more.

5

This presentation will briefly give an This presentation will briefly give an OVERVIEW OF OVERVIEW OF

THE EGYPTIAN ELECTRICITYTHE EGYPTIAN ELECTRICITY AND ENERGY AND ENERGY

SECTORSECTOR ,the specifications of ,the specifications of ELECTRONIC ELECTRONIC

METRESMETRES andand AUTOMATIC METER READING AUTOMATIC METER READING

SYSTEM (AMR)SYSTEM (AMR) accepted byaccepted by ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY

DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES IN EGYPT.DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES IN EGYPT.

6

Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical any more?any more?

ELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERSELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERS

Features and CapabilitiesFeatures and Capabilities

Technical SpecificationsTechnical Specifications

AUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEMAUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEM

Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector

System Features and Capabilities System Features and Capabilities

Meter Interface Unit ( MIU )Meter Interface Unit ( MIU )

Hand Held Unit ( HHU )Hand Held Unit ( HHU )

Data Collecting Unit ( DCU )Data Collecting Unit ( DCU )

Features and Capabilities Of WorkstationFeatures and Capabilities Of Workstation

Reports Required From The WorkstationReports Required From The Workstation

7

In February 1976, the Egyptian Electricity Authority In February 1976, the Egyptian Electricity Authority

(EEA) was established under the jurisdiction of the (EEA) was established under the jurisdiction of the

Ministry Of Electricity and Energy (MOEE). Ministry Of Electricity and Energy (MOEE).

The electricity was introduced in Egypt in 1893 The electricity was introduced in Egypt in 1893

through private companies for about 70 years until through private companies for about 70 years until

the nationalization took place in 1962.the nationalization took place in 1962.

EEA was given the exclusive right to generate, EEA was given the exclusive right to generate,

transmit and distribute electricity throughout the transmit and distribute electricity throughout the

whole country.whole country.

8

In 1984, the Peoples Assembly cancelled the EEA’s In 1984, the Peoples Assembly cancelled the EEA’s

exclusive right to generate and transmit electricity.exclusive right to generate and transmit electricity.

In April 1996, EEA started the activities related to the In April 1996, EEA started the activities related to the

BOOT power project.BOOT power project.

In 1996, law No. 100 grant local and foreign In 1996, law No. 100 grant local and foreign

investors concessions to Build, Own, Operate and investors concessions to Build, Own, Operate and

Transfer (BOOT) power generation stations.Transfer (BOOT) power generation stations.

9

In 2000, the Egyptian Electricity Authority became In 2000, the Egyptian Electricity Authority became

the Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC), the Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC),

a joint stock company.a joint stock company.

In July 2001, unbundling the production, In July 2001, unbundling the production,

transmission and distribution functions took place.transmission and distribution functions took place.

The following chart illustrates the last arrangement The following chart illustrates the last arrangement

of the power and energy sector in Egypt.of the power and energy sector in Egypt.

10

Distribution CompaniesDistribution Companies

Egyptian Electricity

Transmission Co.

Egyptian Electricity

Transmission Co.Production CompaniesProduction Companies

Egyptian Electricity Holding Co.Egyptian Electricity Holding Co.

East DeltaEast Delta

Hydro plantsHydro plants

West DeltaWest Delta

Upper EgyptUpper Egypt

CairoCairo

AlexandriaAlexandria

South DeltaSouth Delta

CanalCanal

North DeltaNorth Delta

CairoCairo

Upper EgyptUpper Egypt

BeheiraBeheira

Middle EgyptMiddle Egypt

Ministry Of Electricity And EnergyMinistry Of Electricity And Energy

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Installed Capacity : 17331 MW Installed Capacity : 17331 MW

ThermalThermal : 13158 MW (about 76 %): 13158 MW (about 76 %)

HydroHydro : 2745 MW (about 16 %): 2745 MW (about 16 %)

Private SectorPrivate Sector : 1365 MW (about 7 %): 1365 MW (about 7 %)

WindWind : 63 MW: 63 MW

Peak Load : 14401 MW Peak Load : 14401 MW

12

Number of Customers : about 19.2 million Number of Customers : about 19.2 millionResidentialResidential : about 16.5 million : about 16.5 million

CommercialCommercial : about 1.5 million: about 1.5 million

IndustryIndustry : about 0.4 million: about 0.4 million

Other sectors Other sectors : about 0.8 million: about 0.8 million

The total annual required metersThe total annual required meters : 1018116: 1018116

Single phase meters Single phase meters : 955000: 955000

Three phase meters Three phase meters : 63116: 63116

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14

Have no moving parts or magnets that affect the Have no moving parts or magnets that affect the

accuracy of measurements.accuracy of measurements.

Electronic Meters Electronic Meters

Have the ability of discovering and registering by Have the ability of discovering and registering by

date and time stamp wrong connections such as date and time stamp wrong connections such as

current reverse , phase sequence reverse and current reverse , phase sequence reverse and

voltage absence.voltage absence.

Not affected by the external magnetic Not affected by the external magnetic

fields.fields.

15

Meters have increased sensitivity, it can achieve Meters have increased sensitivity, it can achieve

a very high level of accuracy a very high level of accuracy ( Class 0.2 )( Class 0.2 ) that that

extends over a wide current dynamic range. extends over a wide current dynamic range.


Meter inclination has no effect to the meter Meter inclination has no effect to the meter

accuracy. accuracy.

Needn’t any calibration through their lifetime, Needn’t any calibration through their lifetime,

have easy and stable calibration without have easy and stable calibration without

hardware adjustmenthardware adjustment

16

Can work properly over a wide range of voltage Can work properly over a wide range of voltage

i.e. not affected by voltage drop.i.e. not affected by voltage drop.


Regarding to Industrial Loads one meter can Regarding to Industrial Loads one meter can

measure the following :measure the following :

Active energy. Active energy. Reactive energy.Reactive energy.

Max. demand by date and time stamp. Max. demand by date and time stamp.

Life time of the meter extends to Life time of the meter extends to 30 years30 years and and

moremore and have low power consumption.and have low power consumption.

17

Easily enable new functionalities such as Easily enable new functionalities such as

automatic meter reading (AMR), multi-tariff automatic meter reading (AMR), multi-tariff

billing, prepayment, load shedding, power outage billing, prepayment, load shedding, power outage

detection, power factor detection and load detection, power factor detection and load

profile.profile.


The meters can manipulate Fraud and Tamper The meters can manipulate Fraud and Tamper

also can register the time and date of its also can register the time and date of its

occurrence.occurrence.

18

The accuracy of the meter is not affected by The accuracy of the meter is not affected by

aging it’s stable over time and temperature.aging it’s stable over time and temperature.


Have flexibility of design and can easily be Have flexibility of design and can easily be

reconfigured and updated (software update).reconfigured and updated (software update).

19

Electronic meter is an advanced economical solution Electronic meter is an advanced economical solution

for growing energy measurement requirements of for growing energy measurement requirements of

ELECTRIC UTILITES.ELECTRIC UTILITES.

Electronic meter is an advanced economical solution Electronic meter is an advanced economical solution

for growing energy measurement requirements of for growing energy measurement requirements of

ELECTRIC UTILITES.ELECTRIC UTILITES.

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Have current sensing for both phase and neutral, Have current sensing for both phase and neutral,

registers the energy consumption correctly registers the energy consumption correctly

under tampered conditionsunder tampered conditions..

Consumption is not affected by polarity Consumption is not affected by polarity

sequence.sequence.

Visual annunciation in the form of Visual annunciation in the form of LEDLED from front from front

takes place in case of opening terminals box or takes place in case of opening terminals box or

meter cover.meter cover.

Tamper-proof design and construction Tamper-proof design and construction

22

Records the full energy consumed even in case of: Records the full energy consumed even in case of:

Tamper-proof design and construction Tamper-proof design and construction

Phase terminals are externally by passed.Phase terminals are externally by passed.

Reversal of input and output terminals.Reversal of input and output terminals.

Phase-in and phase-out connections are Phase-in and phase-out connections are shorted.shorted.

Load is partially or fully drawn through Load is partially or fully drawn through

external earth.external earth.

23

6 12111098754321

L1L1

L2L2

L3L3

NN

×

××××

×

Reversal of input and output terminalsReversal of input and output terminals..Reversal of input and output terminalsReversal of input and output terminals..

Consumption isConsumption is correctly registeredcorrectly registered

Consumption isConsumption is correctly registeredcorrectly registered

24

6 12111098754321

L1L1

L2L2

L3L3

NN

×××

×××

Phase terminals are externally by passedPhase terminals are externally by passedPhase terminals are externally by passedPhase terminals are externally by passed

Consumption is Consumption is correctly registeredcorrectly registered


25

Phase-in and phase-out connection are shortedPhase-in and phase-out connection are shorted Phase-in and phase-out connection are shortedPhase-in and phase-out connection are shorted

Imbalance Imbalance DetectionDetection

Consumption Consumption is correctly is correctly registeredregistered


Consumption Consumption is correctly is correctly registeredregistered

L1L1

L2L2

L3L3

NN

26

L

oad

Lo

ad

Lo

adL

oad





Load is partially or fully drawn through external earthLoad is partially or fully drawn through external earthLoad is partially or fully drawn through external earthLoad is partially or fully drawn through external earth

L1L1

L2L2

L3L3

NN

27

Not affected by power failure, it contains early Not affected by power failure, it contains early

detection means of power failure, which permits detection means of power failure, which permits

control circuits to store data of consumption, and control circuits to store data of consumption, and

configure the circuit for this failure. configure the circuit for this failure.

Equipped with Equipped with LEDLED for meter testing, calibration for meter testing, calibration

and operation indication.and operation indication.

Retention time of the Non-volatile memory shall Retention time of the Non-volatile memory shall

not be less than not be less than 20 years20 years even in case of power even in case of power

failure.failure.

28

The housing endures shocks and operation The housing endures shocks and operation

conditions. It is made of heat resistant and flame conditions. It is made of heat resistant and flame

retardant material.retardant material.

Doesn’t contain moving parts “solid state meter”.Doesn’t contain moving parts “solid state meter”.

Life – time of the screen is not less than life–time Life – time of the screen is not less than life–time

of the meter.of the meter.

Doesn’t contain parts that need periodic Doesn’t contain parts that need periodic

replacement.replacement.

29

Doesn’t require any calibration or maintenance, Doesn’t require any calibration or maintenance,

stability of meter accuracy is guaranteed during stability of meter accuracy is guaranteed during

its life time. its life time.

Doesn’t generate electro-magnetic waves or Doesn’t generate electro-magnetic waves or

harmonics that may interfere other instruments harmonics that may interfere other instruments

or be superimposed on power lines.or be superimposed on power lines.

Metering element is shielded against external Metering element is shielded against external

magnetic fields and protected against over volts magnetic fields and protected against over volts

and high frequency disturbances.and high frequency disturbances.

30

In case of Industrial loads In case of Industrial loads

Equipped with a clock, a calendar to get real time Equipped with a clock, a calendar to get real time

and date accurately which has a backup power and date accurately which has a backup power

means that ensures the operation of the clock means that ensures the operation of the clock

during the power failure and doesn’t need periodic during the power failure and doesn’t need periodic

replacement. replacement.

31

Can be programmed by multi-rate tariff, controlled Can be programmed by multi-rate tariff, controlled

by internal timing circuitry and a built in tariff time by internal timing circuitry and a built in tariff time

switch module, has a minimum of switch module, has a minimum of 8 switching 8 switching

timestimes and capable of providing different and capable of providing different

programmable tariff structures for week end and programmable tariff structures for week end and

holiday periods.holiday periods.


32

Can be tested and programmed in laboratory or by Can be tested and programmed in laboratory or by

portable portable Hand Held UnitHand Held Unit (HHU)(HHU) from front of the from front of the

meter through communication port according to meter through communication port according to

IEC 1107IEC 1107 which is used to load tariff programs, which is used to load tariff programs,

retrieve, or modify registered data without removing retrieve, or modify registered data without removing

the meter cover.the meter cover.


33

Records the following events (Records the following events (by date and time stampby date and time stamp):):

Missing voltage.Missing voltage.

Current reversal.Current reversal. Current short / Current short /

open.open.

Opened cover or terminal-box cover.Opened cover or terminal-box cover.

Tamper and fraud occurrences.Tamper and fraud occurrences.

On each event an annunciation takes place On each event an annunciation takes place

(a symbolic representation on the (a symbolic representation on the LCDLCD screen screen

oror LEDLED indication from front of the meter).indication from front of the meter).


34

A Contactor and a push button shall be fitted as A Contactor and a push button shall be fitted as

integral parts to the electronic meter, according to integral parts to the electronic meter, according to

standard specifications standard specifications IEC 158 – 1,2IEC 158 – 1,2 in order to in order to

disconnect and reconnect the supply. The push disconnect and reconnect the supply. The push

button is used to restore the supply if it was shut button is used to restore the supply if it was shut

down by the contactor according to the company’s down by the contactor according to the company’s

instructions through the communication media and instructions through the communication media and

the system software, after removing the cause of the system software, after removing the cause of

disconnection.disconnection.

In case of applying A.M.R system In case of applying A.M.R system

35

Reference standard Reference standard

International Standard specifications International Standard specifications “IEC-61036”“IEC-61036”

or equivalent. or equivalent.

Electronic Meters designed for measurement of Electronic Meters designed for measurement of

electric energy electric energy (low voltage 220 / 380 V)(low voltage 220 / 380 V) consumed consumed

by customers. The meters are suitable for by customers. The meters are suitable for

household, commercial, industrial applications and household, commercial, industrial applications and

the installation inside, distribution kiosks and the installation inside, distribution kiosks and

boxes by direct or through current transformer boxes by direct or through current transformer

connection.connection.

Description Description

36

The meter housing and it’s cover shall be of The meter housing and it’s cover shall be of

robust construction made of polycarbonate. They robust construction made of polycarbonate. They

are heat-resistant and flame retardant according are heat-resistant and flame retardant according

toto “IEC 695-2-1”.“IEC 695-2-1”.

The meter and the terminals cover shall be held The meter and the terminals cover shall be held

by a cross drilled and sealed security screws.by a cross drilled and sealed security screws.

“The meter and the terminals box shall be leaded “The meter and the terminals box shall be leaded

and stamped”.and stamped”. They shall be provided by a They shall be provided by a

means of tamper and fraud detectionmeans of tamper and fraud detection

Description Description

37

Terminal - BoxTerminal - Box

Diameter of Diameter of

Input - OutputInput - Output

terminalsterminals

Single – phase Single – phase meter direct meter direct

connection up connection up toto 80 A80 A

Three – phase Three – phase meter direct meter direct

connection up connection up toto 100 A100 A

Three – phase Three – phase meter with meter with

current current transformerstransformers

mmmm 99 1010 33

38

CurrentCurrent

Frequency Frequency

VoltageVoltage

Single PhaseSingle Phase, , operating voltageoperating voltage 220 ± 20 %220 ± 20 %

Three phaseThree phase, , operating voltageoperating voltage 380 ± 20 %380 ± 20 %

Single Phase; XA / 220 V, 2 wires.Single Phase; XA / 220 V, 2 wires.

Three phase; XA/380 V, 4 wires.Three phase; XA/380 V, 4 wires.

((X, X, according to the company’s requirement) according to the company’s requirement)

50 Hz ± 2 %50 Hz ± 2 %

39

Single PhaseSingle Phase : : KWH consumed, max. demand KWH consumed, max. demand

(option).(option).

Three phaseThree phase : XA/380V KWH, KVARH, max. : XA/380V KWH, KVARH, max.

demand and power factor. demand and power factor.

: X/5A with C.T KWH, KVARH, max. : X/5A with C.T KWH, KVARH, max.

demand and power factor. demand and power factor.

Accuracy Class Accuracy Class Class 1 Class 1

Measuring Measuring

40

Single phase Single phase : 2 wires, Direct connection. : 2 wires, Direct connection.

Three phase Three phase : 4 wires, Direct connection or : 4 wires, Direct connection or

through current transformers. through current transformers.

No of SealingNo of Sealing

Top cover :Top cover : 22

Terminal box :Terminal box : 11

ConnectionConnection

41

Fully electronicFully electronic LCD,LCD, display is retained during display is retained during

loss of power. loss of power.

6 digits6 digits at least, display area not less thanat least, display area not less than

20 mm20 mm22 for each digit.for each digit.

Registers shall reset to zero after they have Registers shall reset to zero after they have

reached their max. indicationreached their max. indication 999999.999999.

All registered data about consumption, reverse All registered data about consumption, reverse

energy and aggregate shall be displayed. energy and aggregate shall be displayed.

Display ScreenDisplay Screen

42

A symbolic annunciation is present on the A symbolic annunciation is present on the LCDLCD

screen to indicate the following:screen to indicate the following:

Phase present indication.Phase present indication.

Phase sequence monitoring (blinking in case Phase sequence monitoring (blinking in case

of reverse phase sequence).of reverse phase sequence).

Tariff information.Tariff information.

LED Indications LED Indications

Tamper and fraud detection.Tamper and fraud detection.

Opened cover or terminal box. Opened cover or terminal box.

Other annunciation on LCD screen Other annunciation on LCD screen

43

Power Consumption in voltage circuits <Power Consumption in voltage circuits < 2 W2 W

Power Consumption in current circuitsPower Consumption in current circuits < < 4 VA4 VA

Relative Humidity Relative Humidity

ZeroZero toto 90 %90 % or betteror better

Energy Consumption Energy Consumption

Degree of protection Degree of protection

IP 51 IP 51 Data retention Data retention

Not less thanNot less than 20 years (un-powered).20 years (un-powered).

Temperature Range (operation) Temperature Range (operation)

5°C5°C toto 70°C70°C ambient temperature for electronic ambient temperature for electronic

components inside the meter up tocomponents inside the meter up to 80°C.80°C.

44













45

Watt-hour Meters equipped with two- way communicationWatt-hour Meters equipped with two- way communication

Automatic Meter Reading System SchemeAutomatic Meter Reading System Scheme

Energy Management

M/S

Central Work

Station

modem

Concentrator

modem

Concentrator

10.5kv 380/220v 380/220v 10.5kv

GGSSMM

46

The system provides dependable bi-directional The system provides dependable bi-directional

communication between connected electricity communication between connected electricity

meters and the central workstation for meters and the central workstation for

transmitting, receiving data required for the transmitting, receiving data required for the

existing metering and / or billing system (s), existing metering and / or billing system (s),

downloading / modifying tariff structure downloading / modifying tariff structure

programs and instructions, generate graphs of programs and instructions, generate graphs of

load profile, demand analysis and any other load profile, demand analysis and any other

metering applications required. metering applications required.

47

The software and data transmitted shall be The software and data transmitted shall be

compatible with the existing (household, compatible with the existing (household,

commercial, light industrial, industrial) metering commercial, light industrial, industrial) metering

and / or billing application (s) found in the and / or billing application (s) found in the

company.company.

On-line and real time access to the connected On-line and real time access to the connected

meters from the central workstation or the Data meters from the central workstation or the Data

Collecting Unit (DCU) for the purpose of Collecting Unit (DCU) for the purpose of

uploading modifying new metering programs.uploading modifying new metering programs.

48

On-line warning (alarm / visual annunciation) in On-line warning (alarm / visual annunciation) in

the event of tampering and the software is the event of tampering and the software is

capable of identifying fraudulent use of capable of identifying fraudulent use of

electricityelectricity..

The system shall act as a load limit device, it The system shall act as a load limit device, it

shall facilitate remote load limit setting using the shall facilitate remote load limit setting using the

system software and the communication media.system software and the communication media.

The system shall monitor LV losses by The system shall monitor LV losses by

comparing the consumption of the consumers comparing the consumption of the consumers

and the total power consumed downstream the and the total power consumed downstream the

distribution transformer.distribution transformer.

49

Have the capability to introduce and operate Have the capability to introduce and operate

pre-payment system to any connected pre-payment system to any connected

electronic meter according to the company’s electronic meter according to the company’s

requirements using the integral contactor fitted requirements using the integral contactor fitted

with the meter to disconnect and reconnect with the meter to disconnect and reconnect

power supply at the meter by an external power supply at the meter by an external

command remotely activated through the bi-command remotely activated through the bi-

directional communication media. directional communication media.

The system shall disconnect the power supply in The system shall disconnect the power supply in

case of un-payment for consumption through a case of un-payment for consumption through a

command remotely activated from the command remotely activated from the

workstation or the data collecting unit.workstation or the data collecting unit.

50

An intelligent unit housed on a plug-in circuit board An intelligent unit housed on a plug-in circuit board

that is factory installed or can be easily added later that is factory installed or can be easily added later

as a field upgrade to the electronic meters or a as a field upgrade to the electronic meters or a

separate unit installed with electro-mechanical separate unit installed with electro-mechanical

meters, used to transmit data from the meter to themeters, used to transmit data from the meter to the

DCUDCU and from theand from the DCU DCU to the meters through the to the meters through the

power line carrierpower line carrier LV.LV.

Definition Definition

51

Low power consumption belowLow power consumption below 0.5 W0.5 W on on

average.average.

Distance of data transmission via electrical Distance of data transmission via electrical

power lines (low voltage) shall not be less thanpower lines (low voltage) shall not be less than

1500 meters.1500 meters.

52

Small portable electronic unitSmall portable electronic unit IEC 1107IEC 1107

compatible for programming meter parameters compatible for programming meter parameters

and reading metering data.and reading metering data.


The communication between theThe communication between the HHUHHU and the and the

DCU is carried out through infra – red rays, DCU is carried out through infra – red rays,

magnetic coil or any other means. magnetic coil or any other means.

Upload all required data at the same time from Upload all required data at the same time from

thethe DCUDCU, , up toup to 30003000 customers.customers.

Hand HeldUnit

53

Stores the data on a non-volatile memory that Stores the data on a non-volatile memory that

can maintain data for a period not less thancan maintain data for a period not less than 5 5

years,years, regardless the case of the supply regardless the case of the supply

batteries.batteries.

Has upgrade capabilities.Has upgrade capabilities.

Has an Arabic user interface.Has an Arabic user interface.

Ability to upload / download data to the central Ability to upload / download data to the central

workstation, have a compatible protocol with workstation, have a compatible protocol with

approved meter reading programs at the central approved meter reading programs at the central

work station.work station.

Hand HeldUnit

54

It's an intelligent electronic unit equipped with It's an intelligent electronic unit equipped with

communication means “transmitting– receiving" communication means “transmitting– receiving"

data from meters across power linesdata from meters across power lines LV. LV.


Has a communication means to transmit Has a communication means to transmit

metering data viametering data via GSM, Radio, Telephone linesGSM, Radio, Telephone lines or or

any other communication system agreed by the any other communication system agreed by the

company to the central workstation. It also company to the central workstation. It also

directly communicates with thedirectly communicates with the HHUHHU through through

infra red, magnetic coil or any other means.infra red, magnetic coil or any other means.

Concentrator

55

Concentrator

Hand HeldUnit

Data transmitted between Data transmitted between

HHUHHU and DCUand DCU

Data transmitted between Data transmitted between

HHUHHU and DCUand DCU

56

Receives the required data for not less thanReceives the required data for not less than 12001200

electronic meters belong to the same distribution electronic meters belong to the same distribution

transformer.transformer.

Keeps the received data on a non-volatile Keeps the received data on a non-volatile

memory for a period ofmemory for a period of 5 years 5 years at least, even in at least, even in

case of power failure.case of power failure.

Supports meter replacementSupports meter replacement..

Records by date and time stamp electricity cut Records by date and time stamp electricity cut

offs.offs.

Concentrator

57

Supports energy loss calculation by comparing Supports energy loss calculation by comparing

the consumption of all meters that are supplied the consumption of all meters that are supplied

from the same transformer, by the total energy from the same transformer, by the total energy

consumed from the distribution transformer.consumed from the distribution transformer.

The memory is designed to keep all types of data The memory is designed to keep all types of data

required for the AMR system applications with required for the AMR system applications with

built in flexibility and expandabilitybuilt in flexibility and expandability

Able to issue broadcast commands simultaneously Able to issue broadcast commands simultaneously

through all 3 phases.through all 3 phases.

Concentrator

58

Meters and AMR are just the means to get Data.Meters and AMR are just the means to get Data.

It’s what you do with this DataIt’s what you do with this Data that’s important !that’s important !

Software analysis is the key.Software analysis is the key.

59

It is a computer running a database and a printer It is a computer running a database and a printer

equipped with suitable software to achieve the equipped with suitable software to achieve the

system's following requirements: system's following requirements:


Energy Management

M/S

Central Work

Station

60

Collect the meter reading data from DCU (s) or HHU (s) for the following Automatic Meter Reading applications:


Daily and monthly meter reading.Daily and monthly meter reading.

Load profile.Load profile. Real time reading.Real time reading.

Multi rate tariff and time of use.Multi rate tariff and time of use.

Remote download of tariff time structure.Remote download of tariff time structure.

Clock synchronizationClock synchronization..

Max. demand and time of occurrence.Max. demand and time of occurrence.

Power cutoffs.Power cutoffs.

61



Interface compatible with existing meter reading Interface compatible with existing meter reading

and / or billing system (Arabic Interface).and / or billing system (Arabic Interface).

Meter replacement support.Meter replacement support.

Supports Supports remote meter disconnection and remote meter disconnection and

reconnection.reconnection.

Energy Management

M/S

Central Work

Station

62

Meters that exceed maximum loadMeters that exceed maximum load permissiblepermissible.. Meters with power factor less than 0.9. Meters with power factor less than 0.9.

Tampered meters.Tampered meters.

Meters that didn't transmit readings.Meters that didn't transmit readings.

Customers which their consumption increased Customers which their consumption increased

or decreased than the monthly average with a or decreased than the monthly average with a

predefined value determined by the company.predefined value determined by the company.

LVLV losses for each losses for each DCU DCU by comparing the by comparing the

consumption of the consumers and the total consumption of the consumers and the total

power consumed down stream the same power consumed down stream the same

distribution transformer.distribution transformer.

Customers Disconnected due to un-payment for Customers Disconnected due to un-payment for

consumption.consumption.

63

The three that must go together to get The three that must go together to get ENERGYENERGY and and UTILITES MANAGEMENTUTILITES MANAGEMENT into into ITIT world. world.

The three that must go together to get The three that must go together to get ENERGYENERGY and and UTILITES MANAGEMENTUTILITES MANAGEMENT into into ITIT world. world.

AutomaticAutomaticMeterMeter

ReadingReading(AMR)(AMR)

AutomaticAutomaticMeterMeter

ReadingReading(AMR)(AMR)

SoftwareSoftwareAnalysisAnalysis

SoftwareSoftwareAnalysisAnalysis

ElectronicElectronicMetersMeters

ElectronicElectronicMetersMeters

ITITworldworld

overview of the egyptian electricity and energy sector

Documents

ministry of electricity

power system

energy meters features

energy sector system

energy moee

electronic power

total annual energy

complete energy measurement