overview towards precise patterning of nanoparticles for nanoelectronic and plasmonic devices dna...
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![Page 1: Overview Towards precise patterning of nanoparticles for nanoelectronic and plasmonic devices DNA used to from complex nanostructures Authors present](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/56649e575503460f94b4f187/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Overview• Towards precise patterning of nanoparticles for
nanoelectronic and plasmonic devices• DNA used to from complex nanostructures
• Authors present method of fabricating nanoparticle arrays with controlled periodicity with 3-D DNA nanotubes
-Rothemund, P. W. K. Nature 440, 297-302 (16 March 2006)
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Design
• One long DNA strand (black) with 170 short ‘staple’ strands (red)
• (A), (B), (C) are clustered biotin
• DNA forms 6-helix nanotube bundle (412 x 6 nm)
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Assembly & Binding
• Height = 1.7- 3.5 nm (6 nm)
• Length = 436 +/- 14 nm (412 nm)
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Assembly & Binding
• Successful attachment of 9 streptavidin (height increase ~0.5 nm)
• Periodicity of 45 nm (43 nm expected)
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Assembly & Binding
• QDs have similiar spacing
• 5.5 nm height cross section
• 49 nm periodicity
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Spatial Control
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Conclusion
• Powerful and convenient pathway to control nanoparticle patterning
• Self-assembling scaffold for nanoscale electronic and photonic devices
• Variations available for spacing, length, QD size, and QD material
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Controlled Drug Deliver
• Self-assembled micelles– Biocompatible and biodegradable– Amphiphilic block copolymers (PEG, PCL,
PLA)
• Inefficient drug release
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PEG Alternative
• Dextran (Dex)– Aqueous soluble, biocompatible, branching– -OH functionality for conjugation
• Authors report shell-sheddable biodegradable Dex-SS-PCL micelles for drug delivery
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Reduction-Responsive Delivery
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Synthesis
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Micelle Formation
• Average micelle size increased from 60 to 200 nm with DTT addition– Aggregates from lose of
solubilizing shell
• Little change after 24hrs w/o DTT
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DOX Release
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Cellular Uptake
2 hr
4 hr
24 hr
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Cellular Uptake
2 hr
4 hr
24 hr
Free DOX
No DOX
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Toxicity
• Free DOX and cleavable micelle show similar response
• Control and non-DOX loaded micelle show similar response
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Conclusion
• Nontoxic Dex-SS-PCL diblock copolymers with high drug loading efficiency were developed
• Micelles are stable and allow for rapid drug release in response to intracellular levels of reducing potential
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Overview
• Effort to mix nanoparticles (NP) with polymers to combine unique physical properties with processibility
• Need efficient ways to control NP arrangement in polymer matrix– Dispersion of NP impacts electronic,
transport, and mechanical properties
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NP Incorporation
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Phase Dispersion
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Conclusions
• Initially NPs are randomly incorporated in swollen polymers
• Polymers pack more densely with water and NPs phase segregate to polymer core-shell interface
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Nano Lett., Article ASAPPublication Date (Web): January 26, 2010
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Goals
• Efficient, highly portable energy sources for hand-held electronics
• Decreasing power requirements– Augment batteries with ‘scavenger’ systems– Salvage otherwise wasted energy
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Wasted Energy…
• Work by the human body– Breathing
• Lung expansion/contraction generate ~1 W (charge pacemakers?)
– Walking• A heel strike during walking has 67 W of power
available (~1-5% energy to power cell phones)
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Piezoelectrics
• Crystals become electrically polarized by mechanical stress (and vice versa)
• Processing - high temperature, rigid inorganic substrates• Authors present approach to incorporate crystalline
piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) onto rubber substrates for flexible energy conversion
-http://www.piezomaterials.com/
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Production
Processed into nanothick ribbons and printed onto polydimethyl-siloxane (PDMS) stamps via dry transfer
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Function(a) Schematic of a specimen indicating
piezoelectric bending and measurement.
(b) Oscillating pressure (left axis) and induced dielectric displacement (right axis)
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Characterization
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Summary
• Highly crystalline piezoelectric ceramic ribbons have been transferred onto flexible rubber substrates
• Efficient electromechanical energy converters towards wearable/implantable energy harvesters
• Challenges to overcome: stretchable substrates, cycling longevity, storage/power conversion on substrates…
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Light Concentration
• Surface plasmons– Electromagnetic surface waves carried by
density fluctuations of electrons
• Patterned metals– Films, trenches, gaps, tips for control and
delivery of surface plasmons
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Surface Plasmons
• Focusing on tip or apex allows for excitation of highly local and extremely intense optical fields– ‘Optical lightning rod’
• Authors present three-dimensional plasmonic nanofocusing with patterned gold and silver pyramids
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Nanopyramids
500 nm
500 nm
200 nm
1000 nm
Light incident from above is backscattered into plasmons that travel up sides and corners, converging at the apex
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Fabrication
-Xu, Q., Tonks, I., Fuerstman, M., Love, C., Whitesides, G. Nano Lett., 2004, 4 (12), 2509.- Henzie, J., Kwak, E., Odom, T. Nano Lett, 2005, 5 (7), 1199.
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Fabrication
-Xu, Q., Tonks, I., Fuerstman, M., Love, C., Whitesides, G. Nano Lett., 2004, 4 (12), 2509.- Henzie, J., Kwak, E., Odom, T. Nano Lett, 2005, 5 (7), 1199.
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Simulations
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Simulations
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Imaging
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Pyramids in Action
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Conclusion
• 3-D nanofocusing with well-defined plasmonic hot spots
• Applications in scanning-probe microscopy, optical trapping, high-density data storage
• Thin films allow for backside excitation