1. OZYMANDIAS -PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEYCLICK TO CONTINUE

2. PRESENTED BY: ABHEEK DAS (01) AKASH SHARMA (04) ALFARHAN ZAHEDI (05) ARUNABHO PANJA (07) IFTEKHAR HUSSAIN(10) NAFISA PARVEEN (16)CLICK TO CONTINUE 3. ABOUT THE POET 4. Born4 August 1792 Field Place, Horsham, Sussex, England.Died8 July 1822 (aged 29) Lerici, Kingdom of Sardinia(now Italy)OccupationPoet, dramatist, essayist, novelistLiterary movementRomanticismCLICK TO CONTINUE 5. Percy Bysshe Shelley was one of the major English Romantic poets and is regarded by critics as among the finest lyric poets in the English language. A radical in his poetry as well as his political and social views, Shelley did not achieve fame during his lifetime, but recognition for his poetry grew steadily following his death. Shelley was a key member of a close circle of visionary poets and writers that included Lord Byron; Leigh Hunt; Thomas Love Peacock; and his own second wife, Mary Shelley, the author of Frankenstein. Shelley is perhaps best known for such classic poems as Ozymandias, Ode to the West Wind, To a Skylark, and The Masque of Anarchy. His other major works include long, visionary poems such as Queen Mab (later reworked as The Daemon of the World), Alastor, The Revolt of Islam, Adonas, the unfinished work The Triumph of Life; and the visionary verse dramas The Cenci (1819) and Prometheus Unbound (1820). Shelley became an idol of the next three or four generations of poets, including important Victorian and Pre-Raphaelite poets such as Robert Browning and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Henry David Thoreau's civil disobedience was apparently influenced by Shelley's non-violence in protest and political action.CLICK TO CONTINUE 6. POEM 7. ABOUT THE POEM Written on December 1817. Published in 1818 in the January 11 issue of The Examiner in London. Frequently anthologised and probably Shelley's most famous short poem. Written in competition with his friend Horace Smith, who wrote another sonnet entitled "Ozymandias. Thought to be inspired by the arrival of the statue of Ramses II in Britain. A classic poem which has been studied and dissected countless times in the subject of English ever since its creation. CLICK TO CONTINUE 8. OZYMANDIAS I met a traveller from an antique land Who said: Two vast and trunkless legs of stone Stand in the desert. Near them, on the sand, Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command Tell that its sculptor well those passions read Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things, The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed. And on the pedestal these words appear: "My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!" Nothing beside remains. Round the decay Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare The lone and level sands stretch far away. CLICK TO CONTINUE 9. SYNOPSIS The famous sonnet of P.B. Shelley mocks at all worldly power, glory and grandeur .the ravages of time reduce even the' king of kings' and the authoritative despots like Ozymandias to dust. Nothing is left of proud and arrogant Ozymandias power and glory except his broken statue and shattered half-buried face in the boundless and bare sand of a desert . The speaker describes a meeting with someone who has traveled to a place where ancient civilizations once existed. We know from the title that hes talking about Egypt. The traveler told the speaker a story about an old, fragmented statue in the middle of the desert. The statue is broken apart, but you can still make out the face of a person. The face looks stern and powerful, like a ruler. The sculptor did a good job at expressing the rulers personality. The ruler was a wicked guy, but he took care of his people. On the pedestal near the face, the traveler reads an inscription in which the ruler Ozymandias tells anyone who might happen to pass by, basically, Look around and see how awesome I am! But there is no other evidence of his awesomeness in the vicinity of his giant, broken statue. There is just a lot of sand, as far as the eye can see. The traveler ends his storyCLICK TO CONTINUE 10. ANALYSIS Figures of speechForm and MeterWhat's Up with the Title?SKIPSettingOzymandias Trivia 11. Ozymandias" by Percy Bysshe Shelley is an unusual sonnet. The poem is told in first person. The narrator remembers meeting a man from an aged land who tells a story. The traveler came upon the ruins of a gigantic statue. The legs were still standing. However, the face of this statue was partially down in the sand. It portrayed a man with a scowling frown. He obviously had been a great leader. The sculptor was able to see into the character of the leader and his passions. The statue's pedestal had been engraved with a quote: My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings: Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair The great king Ozymandias [an ancient name for Rameses the II] wanted to be remembered for the great architecture and other things that he brought to Egypt. But the ravages of time destroyed his dream. When the traveler looks at the pedestal and sees the ironic phrase, it seems pathetic and almost humorous. The entire poem is a metaphor for the foolishness of a man who thinks that anyone can harness time. Ozymandias boasted of his accomplishments, which now are nothing but fodder for the sand and the wind. A mighty king had a statue labeled so that people would know that his kingdom was wondrous in its beauty. Now, it is in ruins with most of it completely gone. Left are the legs, part of the face, and a pedestal with an engraving addressing his fabulous accomplishments. If the pharaoh could only see what was left to show mankind, what would he think? The poem has a couple of lines of alliteration: Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare, The lone and level sands stretch far away which emphasize the loneliness and barren ruins out in the middle of nowhere. The irony of the entire reference to Ozymandias becomes the center of the poem. The great Rameses II and his statue lay in ruins from the natural deterioration from sand and time.CLICK TO CONTINUEBACK TO MENU 12. Shelley's sonnet is a strange mixture of two forms of sonnet: Petrarchan sonnet and Shakespearean or English sonnet. It is Petrarchan in that the poem is structured as a group of eight lines (octave) and a group of six lines (the sestet). The rhyme scheme is initially Shakespearean, as the first four lines rhyme ABAB. But then the poem gets strange: at lines 5-8 the rhyme scheme is ACDC, rather than the expected CDCD. For lines 9-12, the rhyme scheme is EDEF, rather than EFEF. Finally, instead of a concluding couplet we get another EF group. The entire rhyme scheme can be schematized as follows: ABABACDCEDEFEF. The poem is written in pentameter, meaning there are five (penta-) groups of two syllables in each line. While you've probably heard of iambic pentameter, Shelley's poem makes it really hard to use that designation. Iambic pentameter means that each line contains five feet or groups, each of which contains an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable, as in this line: half-sunk, a shatt-er'd vis-age lies, whose b>frown (4) Many of the lines in the poem, however, refuse to conform to this pattern. Take line 12 for example: No-thing be-side re-mains: round the de-cay The line begins with a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable; this is called a trochee, and it's the reverse of an iamb. After the initial trochee, we get two iambs, but then we go back to a trochee with "round the," finally ending with an iamb; there's no name for this jumping around! This refusal to conform to any specific meter is evident throughout the poem, and makes it difficult to classify with a simple formula like iambic pentameter.CLICK TO CONTINUEBACK TO MENU 13. This poem has several settings. It begins with a strange encounter between the speaker and a traveler from an "antique land". We have no idea where this rendezvous takes place, which is very weird. It could be in the speaker's head, in a dream, on the street, or in the desert; it sort of resembles something that might occur in a youth hostel or a tavern in London. The first appearance of Aragorn in the Fellowship of the Ring might be a good comparison. Shortly after this initial meeting we are whisked away to the sands of Egypt, or a barren desert that closely resembles it. And this desert isn't just barren; it's really barren. Other than the legs, pedestal, and head of the statue, there's only sand. No trace remains of the civilization or culture that spawned the statue. It's a lot like something you'd see in Planet Earth: emptiness all around, a few sand-storms here, and that's about it. It reminds us of movies where people are stranded in the desert and eventually find a little oasis or the occasional tree, except that here we find a partially destroyed statue instead of a little pond.CLICK TO CONTINUEBACK TO MENU 14. "Ozymandias" is an ancient Greek name for Ramses II of Egypt. It is actually a Greek version of the Egyptian phrase "User-maat-Re," one of Ramses's Egyptian names. Why not just call the poem "User-maat-Re," you might ask? Well, this is Shelley, who had studied ancient Greek; it is therefore no surprise that he chooses to use the Greek name "Ozymandias," rather than the Egyptian name. Ramses II was one of Egypt's greatest pharaohs, and many of the most famous tourist sites in Egypt, including the temple of Abu Simbel and the Ramesseum in Thebes, were built or planned during his incredibly long tenure (he lived until he was 90!). He is known not only for his building program, but also for several ambitious foreign military campaigns and for his diplomacy, especially with the Hittites, another important ancient people.CLICK TO CONTINUEBACK TO MENU 15. Napoleon tried to steal the statue that inspired "Ozymandias" and left a hole in its right side Shelley was part of a larger group of friends that frequently engaged in sonnet-writing contests. The members included Leigh Hunt and John Keats. Shelley used the pseudonym (fake name) "Gilrastes" when he published "Ozymandias" in the Examiner. Shelley's body is buried in Rome but his heart is buried in England. The graphic novel and movie Watchmen features a superhero named Ozymandias. CLICK TO CONTINUE CLICK TO CONTINUEBACK TO MENU 16. THEMES Theme of Art and Culture Theme of Pride Theme of Man and The Natural World Theme of TransienceSKIP 17. THEME OF ART AND CULTURE "Ozymandias" was inspired by a statue, and it's no surprise that art is one of this poem's themes. The traveler makes a point of telling us that the statue was made by a really skilled sculptor, and the poem as a whole explores the question of art's longevity. The statue is in part a stand-in or substitute for all kinds of art (painting, poetry, etc.), and the poem asks us to think not just about sculpture, but about the fate of other arts as well. CLICK TO CONTINUEBACK TO MENU 18. THEME OF PRIDE In the inscription on the pedestal Ozymandias calls himself the "king of kings" while also implying that his "works" works of art like the statue, pyramids, that sort of thing are the best around (10). Ozymandias thinks pretty highly of himself and of what he's achieved, both politically and artistically. The fact that he commissions this "colossal" statue with "vast legs" points to his sense of pride, while the statue's fragmentary state indicates the emptiness (at least in the long term) of Ozymandiass boast. CLICK TO CONTINUEBACK TO MENU 19. THEME OF MAN AND THE NATURAL WORLD "Ozymandias" describes a statue, and statues are made from rocks and stones found in nature. While the poem explores the way in which art necessarily involves some kind of engagement with the natural world, it also thinks about how nature might fight back. The statue's head is half-buried in the sand, after all, and we are left wondering what role the erosive force of dust storms, wind, and rain played in its destruction. CLICK TO CONTINUEBACK TO MENU 20. THEME OF TRANSIENCE "Ozymandias" is obsessed with transience; the very fact that the statue is a "colossal wreck" (13) says loudly and clearly that some things just don't last forever. But the poem isn't just about how really big statues eventually succumb to the ravages of time; the statue is a symbol of Ozymandias's ambition, pride, and absolute power, and thus the poem also implies that kingdoms and political regimes will eventually crumble, leaving no trace of their existence except, perhaps, pathetic statues that no longer even have torsos. CLICK TO CONTINUEBACK TO MENU 21. MESSAGE CONVEYED THROUGH THE POEM The moral of the poem Ozymandias is that pride and arrogance can lead to destruction. Ozymandias was obviously a very proud and arrogant man. He was vain enough to imagine that he was the most powerful ruler on Earth and he wanted every one to be terrified of him. He was always scowling and frowning in order to scare every one around him. It is this angry frowning face which the ancient sculpture has faithfully recorded for posterity in his statue. All the great ruler try to perpetuate their memories by building mammoth statues. Their pride and arrogance knows no bounds as they erect these huge statues and vainly inscribe bombastic claims about the superiority of the kingdoms which they rule. They are all subject to the laws of time. Ozymandias was so powerful in his days, but now his statues have fallen no one knows his name. What was once his empire is now a backwater-an antique land. Everything that he worked for and accomplished has forgotten. His efforts were pointless. The poem is implying that all human life is like that. The theme is that human beings and materialistic values are seasonal and are bound to end. CLICK TO CONTINUE 22. THANK YOU