p1 session 1a
DESCRIPTION
Asian Power GridTRANSCRIPT
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AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
ASEAN POWER GRID : An Outlook of Interconnection Projects Involving Peninsular
Malaysia
By:
Abdul Rahim Omar & Mohd Nasir Ahmad
Transmission Division, Tenaga Nasional Berhad
17 August 2015
AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
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Presentation outline
Overview Possible factors that could drive Peninsular Malaysia for more active energy
exchange or trading in the future
Brief updates on the interconnection projects Sarawak - Peninsular Malaysia (SARPEN) HVDC interconnection Sumatera- Peninsular Malaysia (SUMPEN) HVDC interconnection Singapore Peninsular Malaysia Interconnection Thailand - Peninsular Malaysia interconnections
Policy development and studies performed to accommodate future cross border energy exchange / power trading Regional and internal level
Closing remarks
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AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
Overview: Possible factors that could drive Peninsular Malaysia for more active energy exchange or trading in the future
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MALAYSIAS ENERGY POLICY: Evolving in accordance to the current & future socio economic and energy situation. Self-sufficiency is still the order of the day
National Energy Policy (1979)
National Depletion Policy (1980)
National Fuel Policy (1981)
National Fuel Policy (2001)
National Green Technology Policy (2009)
RE Act and SEDA Act (2011)
8th Malaysia Plan (2001-2005)
RE as the fifth fuel
Target: 5% RE in energy mix
9th Malaysia Plan (2006-2010)
Grid-connected RE (target): 300 MW in Pen. Malaysia & 50 MW in Sabah
Targeted power generation mix:
56% natural gas, 36% coal, 6% hydro, 0.2% oil,
1.8% Renewable Energy
Carbon intensity reduction target: 40% lower than 2005 levels by 2020
10th Malaysia Plan (2011-2015)
New RE Policy and Action Plan
Target: 985 MW of RE by 2015 (~5.5% of energy mix)
11th Malaysia Plan (2016-2020)
Development in progress
RE development & EE will be part of focus area Source: Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water
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Malaysias commitments on environment: Voluntary reduction of up to 40% in terms of carbon emissions intensity by the year 2020
Malaysia has signed the Kyoto Protocol in March 1999 and ratified the Protocol in Sept 2002
In the Copenhagen 2009 summit, Malaysia has indicated that it is adopting an indicator of a voluntary reduction of up to 40% in terms of carbon emissions intensity by the year 2020 compared to 2005 levels, subject to assistance by the Annex 1 countries
Malaysia could be subjected to a more stringent environmental regulations
Locally : Clean Air Act
Internationally : Carbon emission limit
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Gas CC Gas GT Coal Nuclear Diesel
tCO
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Fuel & Plant Type
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Important to address the challenges in delivering sustainable power supply to the nation amid challenging and evolving ESI outlook..
Energy Sustainability / Security
Availability of fuel - gas & coal
Limitation of alternative fuels nuclear, hydro & RE
Difficulty in securing Rights-of Way (ROW) for transmission line
Limited sites for future power plants
Economic Sustainability
Impact of global economic crisis
Volatility (fluctuation) of fuel prices
Regional Competitiveness / Multiplier Effect
Electrification for very remote areas
Environment sustainability
Climate change issue linked to burning of fossil fuel
Stringent emission standard and global concerns on carbon emission
NIMBY syndrome
Renewable Energy
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Interconnections with the neighbouring power systems is an effective option to address energy security and sustainability
Diversifying energy sources is part of the energy security measures which can be contributed through cross border interconnections
These power purchase and /or energy exchange are achievable with the realization of ASEAN Power Grid (APG)
Note : Power Purchase one direction of power flow Energy exchange two directions of power flow due to difference in load profile of two systems
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AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
Brief updates on the interconnection projects: (1) Sumatera- Peninsular Malaysia (SUMPEN) HVDC interconnection
Economic exchange of energy
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Sumatera P.Malaysia 600MW HVDC Interconnection Project
Telu
k G
on
g Su
bst
atio
n
53km Submarine cable
50km OHL
5km Submarine cable
139km OHL
National border
Melaka
Strait Rupat
Strait
Per
awan
g H
VA
C
Sub
stat
ion
Selat MelakaSelat Rupat
Pulau
RupatSumatera Melaka
Telok Gong
Converter StationGaruda Sakti
Converter Station
170kmHVDC Overhead
Transmission Line
30kmHVDC Overhead
Transmission Line
5kmHVDC Submarine Cable
53kmHVDC Submarine Cable
National Border150km 50km
Perawang Converter Station
Telok Gong Converter Station
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Sumatera - Peninsular Malaysia is regarded as a priority project in APG
Shared Benefits Lower reserve margins Spinning reserves Efficient power generations Deferred capital investment
0900 1500 hrs (WIB) 1800 2200 hrs (WIB)
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Stages and Status
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Seabed Survey Works
Survey works commenced on 27 June 2013.
Geophysical survey completed in October 2013.
Geotechnical survey completed on 20th May 2014.
Final report completion date is 31st May 2014.
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Appointment of Owners Engineer (OE) for 4 phases of the project
Contract awarded to Fichtner, Germany (OE) on 7th Mar 2014
Phase 1 - Engineering Study, System Study & Basic Functional Spec
Phase 2 - Preparation of tender document for EPC contract
Phase 3 - Tender evaluation & award Target October 2017
Phase 4 - Construction & Commissioning
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Progress to date
Phase 1 Completed
Phase 2 - Tender for EPC to be floated by September 2016 (tentative)
Phase 3 - Appointment of EPC targeted to be by October 2017 (tentative)
Phase 4 - Target commissioning by end 2020 (tentative)
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AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
Brief updates on the interconnection projects: (2) Sarawak - Peninsular Malaysia (SARPEN) HVDC interconnection
Harnessing the huge hydro power potentials in Sarawak
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Based on latest plan, the import from Sarawak has been targeted by 2025
Total remaining hydro potential in Peninsula is less than 2000 MW, mainly high cost peaking hydro
All large hydro potential in Peninsula are utilized
Sarawaks hydro-electric power potential > 20,000 MW New hydro development in Sarawak;
Bakun (2400 MW, 2012) Murum (900 MW) Baram (1000 MW) Baleh (1400 MW) Limbang (150 MW) Batang Ai extension (50 MW) Martiawah, Belepeh, Linau, Tutoh, Ulu Ai & Lawas
(1000 MW)
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It would now be a System to System Interconnection rather than the previous plan of having a dedicated hydro power plant (i.e. Bakun) for Peninsular Malaysia
Voltage DC 500kV
Transmission Capacity 1600 - 2000 MW
Route Length Total Length of 1380 km
Central Sarawak Kg Pueh 404 km
HVDC Submarine Cables 676 km
Tg Leman Bentong (S) 300 km
BENTONG (S) Converter Station
TG LEMAN (Transition point)
KG PUEH (Transition point)
CENTRAL SARAWAK Converter Station
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Progress so far
Results of preliminary system studies by the technical working team involving TNB & Sarawak Energy Berhad (SEB) are being finalized Commercial matters (including implementation & operational risks,
business model etc) to be addressed next
At a higher level, it was clarified that a clear direction and commitment on the import of power from Sarawak into Peninsular Malaysia is required The industry expects both the Federal Government and Sarawak
State Government to come to an agreement or understanding for the relevant players to proceed
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Issues & Concerns
Submarine Cable Design
Possible options for the cable insulations:
Mass Impregnated (MI) paper tape Mass Impregnated Paper-
Polypropylene-Laminated (MI-PPL) tape
MI cables Cross-sectional area (CSA) from 2000
mm2 to 2500mm2 Maximum capacity is around 830 MW Has been used since 1954
MI-PPL cable CSA is maintained at 2000 mm2 Maximum capacity is around 1000
MW Relatively new technology
Securing the Right of Way (ROW)
Right of Way (ROW) for overhead lines in Sarawak & Peninsular Malaysia
The HVDC overhead lines will traverse approximately 404km in Sarawak and 300km in Peninsular Malaysia
The route in Peninsular Malaysia could impact sensitive areas :
Forest Reserve & National Parks Aboriginal lands FELDA settlements Corporate lands
Lengthy process to secure timely approval for the ROWs
In addition, high compensation land costs is expected
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Issues & Concerncontd Power cables crossing international waters
About 70 percent of the submarine cables will be crossing Indonesian Water
Need to comply to United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982 (UNCLOS)
No restriction to lay submarine cables in the high sea and on the continental shelves but each country has jurisdictions over its territorial waters
A Government-to-Government agreement need to be formulated to ensure uninterrupted implementation and future operation of the highway
Risk of submarine cables dictated by the ownership of the cables
Sarawak
Peninsular Malaysia
Natuna Island
South China Sea
Indonesian waters
Submarine cable
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Issues & Concerncontd Submarine Cables Crossings (telecommunications, gas pipelines, military training areas)
The proposed cables will be crossing the existing installations:
16 numbers of communication cables, of which 11 numbers are in operation
Gas pipeline from West Natuna to Singapore
Crossing the military missile firing exercise area (Malaysian Water)
Lengthy process to secure approval / concurrence from all parties before any works can commence
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AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
Brief updates on the interconnection projects: (3) Singapore Peninsular Malaysia Interconnection
Enhancing system security of both systems
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Both TNB and Singapore Power had just completed a preliminary study focusing on the possible upgrade of the existing 230kV HVAC link
The motivation for the review The existing interconnection
has been in operation since 1985, and it is timely to review the replacement of the aged equipment
The growth of both systems, thus making the existing interconnection relatively small. Hence the need to review the performance and adequacy of capacity of interconnection
Readiness for possible import/export of power as part of ASEAN Power Grid
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Salient info about the existing interconnection
Interconnection Agreement (IA) signed on 29 August 1983 Interconnection is not for commercial transaction. Agreement is effective until either party terminates it
Key objectives of present Interconnection To enable mutual energy transfer in times of need (i.e. emergency) To allow sharing of spinning reserves (Economical mode of system
operation)
The IA covers operations during Normal conditions Emergency condition and slippage condition
Slippage condition is a condition when energy is required by one party for a specific duration.
Emergency condition is a condition when energy is required by one party following a forced outage of plant or equipment in one power system.
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Potential Issues on Policies Governing Inter-border / Country Power Import/Export
The existing Interconnection Agreement (IA) only allows provision of mutual support between Singapore and Malaysia, not for Trading
Policies applicable in each country need to be complied Singapore is operated as full market environment
Electricity Importer (EI) has to incorporate a company in Singapore and apply for electricity Import Licence.
EI is required to participate in the Singapore Wholesale Electricity Market (SWEM)
TNB is currently regulated under Incentive Based Regulation (IBR) to promote efficiency. Justification for upgrading is required for the project to be considered as
regulated asset under IBR
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AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
Brief updates on the interconnection projects: (4) Thailand - Peninsular Malaysia interconnections
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Interconnections between Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand
Currently, there are two existing interconnections
#1 : 132kV AC Bkt Ketri Sadao (80MW)
#2 : 300kV HVDC Gurun Khlong Ngae (300MW)
The third link was identified in 2009 to be needed in 2012.
#3 : 132kV AC Rantau Panjang Sungai Golok
Capacity : 100MW
However, this project has put on hold since then
3 2 1
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AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
Policy development and studies performed to accommodate future cross border energy exchange / power trading
1) Studies aiming at harmonizing the different technical standards currently used in ASEAN member countries
2) Development of relevant policies in Malaysia to enable trans-country energy exchange
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Regionally, HAPUA had initiated a Harmonization Study focusing on achieving minimum common technical standards
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Following the Harmonization Study, two study groups have been formed, i.e. (i) ASEAN Transmission System Operator (ATSO) (ii) ASEAN Generation & Transmission Planning (AGTP)
To facilitate the co-ordination, consultation
& joint impact assessment studies of grid planners of interconnected Control Areas to ensure the reliable, secure and sustainable cross-border exchanges of power, energy, reactive power, etc. whenever there is a facility of a new Significant Grid User planned or a facility of an existing Significant Grid User to be upgraded that will have impact on part or the whole of the APG
To facilitate periodic workshops & meetings for grid planners to get acquainted with each other & to share experiences in implementing specific provisions stipulated in the Guidelines and in subsequent minimum common technical standards on planning related issues
To take charge of the development & subsequent periodic review & modification of minimum common technical standards for the APG
To coordinate the operation of APG & to publish annual work programme, annual report and annual generation and transmission adequacy outlooks to provide transparent and clear information to give confidence to investors in ASEAN on the security and reliability of APG as well as to give confidence to generation and transmission facilities investors on their investments
To takes charge of the proposed trial operation of the recommended Guidelines on a few existing Interconnectors in ASEAN
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Internally, Malaysias policy framework and principle guidelines for cross border trading was approved in Oct 2012
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Utility needs to ensure the price of power to be purchased should be competitive compared to domestic alternative supply options ; except for
emergency cases
These 6 principle guidelines MUST be first met before any cross border can be considered
4. Transaction should be at market price
5. The level of comfortable reserve
margin
6. The CO2 emissions intensity reduction target
1. The ability to meet the forecasted peak demand
2. The ability to meet the forecasted energy
demand
3. The ability to meet specified system
requirement to ensure reliability
Source : KeTTHA presentation, Oct 2012
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GURUN (E)
JUNJUNG
AYER TAWAR JANAMANJUNG
BKT TAREK
KAPAR
LENGGENG
OLAK LEMPIT
JIMAH YONG PENG (E)
BKT BATU
TG BIN PASIR GUDANG
500kV line 500kV line but energized at 275kV
BENTONG
ULU JELAI
HULU TERENGGANU NEW PRAI
and TNBs 500kV backbone would be ready for APG by early 2020
TNB is spending more than
RM2.0 billion to complete the
500kV missing link
Part of strategic initiatives by the
Regulator to ensure successful
competitive bidding for new
generation capacity
The 500kV backbone could
easily accommodate multi-lateral
power trading using TNBs
network
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AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
Closing remarks
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Summary of existing and future interconnections with P. Malaysia mode of power transfer
Mode of power transfer from Sumatera Energy exchange (initially) Power purchase (possible in the future)
Mode of power transfer from Singapore Energy exchange (now) Transcountry power purchase (potential in the future)
Mode of power transfer from Thailand Two way power purchase (now) Trans-country power purchase (potential in the future)
Mode of power transfer from Sarawak Power purchase
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Closing remarks
Internally, further initiatives are required to clarify and strengthen the policy and guidelines governing future cross border trading in Malaysia
Regionally, the supporting initiatives to harmonize the different existing planning/operations standards, technical guidelines and regulatory framework among ASEAN member countries must be pursued to ensure successful realization of the ASEAN Power Grid
Finally, TNB has always regarded ASEAN Power Grid as a means to diversify the energy sources and more importantly, to enhance the energy security
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AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING 16th to 21st August 2015
The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
THANK YOU
Abdul Rahim Omar ([email protected])
Mohd Nasir Ahmad ([email protected])