paca project: structure and challenges jörg meyer-stamer [email protected]
TRANSCRIPT
Basic structure of a PACA ProjectBasic structure of a PACA Project
Build-upPACA
Exercise Implementation
Main issues and challenges in a Main issues and challenges in a PACA ProjectPACA Project
Build-upPACA
Exercise Implementation
Management of Expectations
Identification, mobilisation, motivation of Champions
Moving from ideas andexcitement to action
Main issues and challenges in a Main issues and challenges in a PACA ProjectPACA Project
Build-upPACA
Exercise Implementation
Management of Expectations
Identification, mobilisation, motivation of Champions
Moving from ideas andexcitement to action
Key rules for Management of Key rules for Management of Expectations in a PACA ExerciseExpectations in a PACA Exercise
Do not create unrealistic expectations!– don‘t promise that you will solve the local
stakeholders‘ problems!– don‘t give the impression that you come with a big
bag of money! – don‘t promise activities which will overwhelm your
capacity!– do not formulate proposals which are unlikely to
be implemented!– limit the number of proposals, and mention who
will be in charge of them!
Public Relations effort in the Public Relations effort in the preparation of a PACA Exercisepreparation of a PACA Exercise
Assess the relevance of various media– newspaper, radio, local TV, Internet, ...
Assess the advantages and disadvantages– advantage: broad communication– disadvantage: little focus, may attract the wrong
peoplePrepare Press / Media Releases
– explain the principles of PACA – explain the rationale of the local PACA Exercise– explain who is running the Exercise– explain the expected outcomes
Main issues and challenges in a Main issues and challenges in a PACA ProjectPACA Project
Build-upPACA
Exercise Implementation
Management of Expectations
Identification, mobilisation, motivation of Champions
Moving from ideas andexcitement to action
The two types of Champions in a The two types of Champions in a PACA ProjectPACA Project
Build-upPACA
Exercise Implementation
PACA Host: Organising theExercise, mobilising local actors
PACA Project Champion:Implement practical activity
Why do we want to mobilise local Why do we want to mobilise local players?players?
Stimulate self-help potentials– unburden higher-level organisations
Stimulate self-help in the private sector– unburden government
Stimulate bottom-up development– use local know-how and creativity
How, when and where do we How, when and where do we mobilise local players to become mobilise local players to become project champions? project champions?
When and where:during the build-up
phase to the PACA Exercise
during the Kick-off Workshop
during the Fieldwork– in interviews– in Mini-workshops
during and after the Presentation Event
How: some persons volunteersome persons want to
be asked and then gladly volunteer
some persons need persuasion and support
often, like-minded persons need to be connected
What are the main challenges in What are the main challenges in mobilising local players? (1)mobilising local players? (1)
Absence of organisations = reliance on volunteer work– needs strong motivation– needs a lot of available time– motivation suffers as a result of lonelinesss
Distrust between public and private sector– needs strong incentive to work together
Allergy to inefficient meetings– crucial role of facilitation / moderation / visualisation
What are the main challenges in What are the main challenges in mobilising local players? (2)mobilising local players? (2)
Tradition of top-down, government-driven development
Local players, non-government actors not used to collective action / joint problem solving
PACA = facilitating radical change in approach to development– bottom-up– partnership between government, private sector,
other playersRadical change does not happen swiftly, in one step!
How not to deal with the How not to deal with the Champion challengeChampion challenge
Difficulty to identifyChampions
Action implemented in traditional top-down way
Passive / beneficiarymindset of local
players is reinforced
How to deal with the Champion How to deal with the Champion challengechallenge
Difficulty to identifyChampions
Elaborate, with localplayers identified in
PACA Exercise, realistic proposals
(3 Criteria)
Local players areempowered to pursue
bottom-up development
Local players move fromsimple to more complex
activities, articulatemore specific demand for
external support
Identifying Champions: How to do Identifying Champions: How to do it practically (1)it practically (1)
During the fieldwork:– in interviews: Ask interviewees whether they want
to champion a proposal they are making– after interviews: Discuss in the PACA Team
whether the interviewee appears like a possible Champion
– in a Mini-workshop: Invite very outspoken participants to become Champions
– after a Mini-workshop: Discuss in the PACA Team whether any participant appears like a possible Champion
Identifying Champions: How to do Identifying Champions: How to do it practically (2)it practically (2)
In the second part of the Presentation Event: – invite participants to indicate their interest
• to champion specific activities• to participate in specific activities
– invite volunteers to a Way-forward Workshop on the following day
Conducting a Way-forward Conducting a Way-forward Workshop (1)Workshop (1)
Option 1, with a small group: – detailed discussion of implementation
of a small number of proposals– apply Pfeiffer’s Six Points– define responsibilities
Conducting a Way-forward Conducting a Way-forward Workshop (2)Workshop (2)
Option 2, with a bigger group: – clarify proposals– initial discussion on how to implement– define responsibilities and make appointments for
subsequent meetings around each proposal
Two weeks laterTwo weeks later
Organise a Champions’ Breakfast– to signal commitment from your side– to motivate Champions– to connect Champions– to assess progress– to stimulate exchange of experience
Turn Champions’ Breakfast into regular event
Main issues and challenges in a Main issues and challenges in a PACA ProjectPACA Project
Build-upPACA
Exercise Implementation
Management of Expectations
Identification, mobilisation, motivation of Champions
Moving from ideas andexcitement to action
Moving from ideas and excitement Moving from ideas and excitement to actionto action
A PACA Exercise usually builds a momentum: Local players get excited and motivated to do something about local development
Why does the momentum evaporate?– stakeholders underestimate the amount of time
necessary and overestimate the amount of time they have available
– champions get discouraged as soon as the first obstacle appears
– champions get the feeling that nobody cares– individual champions get lonely
How to keep the momentum? How to keep the momentum?
Rigorously apply the 3 Criteria to prioritise realistic proposals
Identify Project Champions during the PACA Exercise, distribute work on many shoulders
Make sure that Champions don’t get lonely High frequency of follow-up contacts and external
facilitation Make sure that facilitation is facilitation, and not
delivery– facilitation = constructive deflection!
More detailed structure of a PACA More detailed structure of a PACA ProjectProject
Build-upPACA
Exercise
Activity 1
Activity 2
Activity 3
Activity 4
M+EPACA
ClusterPACA
So what comes after PACA?So what comes after PACA?
Option 1: More PACAs– to monitor, energise and re-focus ongoing activities– to initiate more intense development activities in
specific clusters or value-chains– to constantly adjust an LED effort to new
opportunities and necessities• Generic LED, Reflexive LED
Option 2: From PACA to local strategy– PACA leads to alignment, sophistication and
motivation of local players– Players agree to formulate an explicit LED strategy
Possible structure of a Two Year Possible structure of a Two Year PACA ProjectPACA Project
February Start build-up
March First PACA Exercise
April Implementation
May Implementation
June First appraisal
July Implementation
August Focussed PACA Exercise
September Implementation
October Implementation
November Second appraisal
December Implementation
January Implementation
February Third appraisal
Launch GENESIS
Implementation
Complete GENESIS
Focussed PACA Exercise
March
April
May
June
Implementation
Implementation
Fourth appraisal
Implementation
July
August
September
October
November
December
Implementation
Fifth appraisal
Year 1 Year 2
Explaining the elements of a Two Explaining the elements of a Two Year PACA ProjectYear PACA Project
Build-up and PACA Exercise– initial diagnosis of the local economy, definition of
short-term proposals Implementation: of short-term proposals Focussed PACA Exercise
– diagnosis of sector, cluster, value chain Appraisal: of process and results of implementation
– possibly definition of new proposals or need for additional PACA Exercise
GENESIS – local / regional strategy formulation exercise
Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!