pace it - storage devices (part 2)

Storage devices II.

Instructor, PACE-IT Program – Edmonds Community College

Areas of Expertise Industry Certifications

PC Hardware

Network Administration

IT Project Management

Network Design

User Training

IT Troubleshooting

Qualifications Summary

Education

M.B.A., IT Management, Western Governor’s University

B.S., IT Security, Western Governor’s University

Entrepreneur, executive leader, and proven manger

with 10+ years of experience turning complex issues

into efficient and effective solutions.

Strengths include developing and mentoring diverse

workforces, improving processes, analyzing

business needs and creating the solutions

required— with a focus on technology.

PACE-IT

– The anatomy of a hard disk drive.

– Traditional hard disk drives.

– Solid state drives.

Storage devices II.

Storage devices II.

– Anatomy of a hard disk drive (hdd).» Hdds are composed of various components including:

• Multiple metal disks that are called platters, that are

held by a spindle (which rotates the platters).

• The armature moves the read head(s) across the

platters to read and write data to the drive.

– Getting a little deeper.» The platters are logically broken up into tracks (think

traffic lanes) on which data is electromagnetically laid

down.

» Tracks are logically broken up into sectors (think

addresses) in order for a PC to know where the data is

located.

– Spin rates.» The faster the platters spin, the faster the drive can read

and write data.

» Common spin rates are: 5,400 rpm, 7,200 rpm, 10,000

rpm, and 15,000 rpm.

Storage devices II.

Storage devices II.

– PATA (Parallel AT Attachment).» Could use either the Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) or

Extended Integrated Drive Electronics (EIDE) interface on

the motherboard.

» The connection at the motherboard was a 40 pin

connection.

» If the motherboard only supported IDE, a 40 wire 40 pin

ribbon cable was used to connect the hdd to the

motherboard.

» If the motherboard supported EIDE, a 80 wire 40 pin ribbon

cable was used and higher transfer speeds were achieved.

» Maximum speed (transfer rate) of PATA was 133 MBps.

» Power for the drive was supplied by the power supply

through a 4 pin Molex plug.

» Used a master/slave relationship to determine which hdd

was the bootable device when multiple hdds were present.

» Master/slave status could be set by jumpers on the back of

the hdd.

» If cable select was chosen, then the position on cable

determined if the drive was master or slave.

Storage devices II.

– SATA (Serial AT Attachment).» Can be used with traditional hdds or with solid state

drives.

» A newer interface standard that achieves much higher

transfer rates.

• SATA 1.0 = 150 MBps or 1.5 Gbps.



» Boot priority is no longer established at the drive but in

BIOS.

» The SATA interface uses an L shaped connector with a 7

wire cable, and power is supplied by a 15 pin 5 wire

cable.

» All SATA drives are “hot swappable,” meaning that the

PC and device do not need to be powered down in order

to remove one drive and put in a new drive (of limited

value when the SATA drive is internal).

Storage devices II.

Storage devices II.

– SSD (Solid state drive).» Different construction altogether; there are no moving

parts.

» They use arrays of flash type memory instead of platters.

» They have faster response times than the traditional hdd.

» When used internally, they utilize the SATA connections.

» When used externally, the connection type can vary.

» While faster (and quieter and cooler), the price per gigabit

of storage is much higher than with a traditional hdd.

– When is an SSD not a SSD?» CompactFlash (CF): can hold up to 128 GB of data.

» Secure Digital (SD): the current max is two TB of data.

» xD: older standard used in digital cameras.

» USB flash drives also fall into the SSD but not really

category.

Storage devices II.

Composed of platters, which are rotated by the spindle. The armature

moves the head(s) across the platters to read and write to the disk. The

platters are logically broken up into tracks, and the tracks are broken up into

sectors. The faster the spin rate, the faster the drive, but also the more

expensive it is.

Topic

Anatomy of a hard disk drive.

Summary

PATA drives use either the IDE or EIDE motherboard interface. IDE uses a

40 wire 40 pin ribbon cable and EIDE uses an 80 wire 40 pin ribbon cable.

Max transfer rate was 133 MBps. SATA drives use a 7 pin 7 wire

connection to the motherboard. Max transfer rate is 6.0 Gbps.

Traditional hard disk drives.

No moving parts means that SSDs are faster than traditional hdds. Data is

stored electromagnetically in flash type memory modules. SSDs use arrays

of these modules for storage. When used internally, SSDs use the SATA

connections that are available. Overall, better performers than hdds, but are

also much more expensive.

Solid state drives.

THANK YOU

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Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53.

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