pacemakers ppt1
TRANSCRIPT
PACEMAKERS
SEMINAR BY
CB.EN.U4ECE11135
NALAM.TULASI HAAR
AMRITA VISHWA VIDYAPEETAM
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IN THE HEART
WHEN DO WE NEED A PACEMAKER ???
• Bradycardia – a condition in which the heart beats too slowly –
less than 60 beats per minute
• Tachycardia – a condition in which the heart beats too fast –
more than 80 beats per minute
• Atrial fibrillation – the upper chambers of the heart beat rapidly
• Heart failure – a condition in which the heartbeat is not
sufficient to supply a normal volume of blood
WHAT IS A PACEMAKER
The basic parts :
• Power source
• Pulse generator
• Electrodes
UNIPOLAR AND BIPOLAR
•
+Anode
Cathode
Anode
Cathode
HISTORY
• Hymans pacemaker-1932
• Implantable pacemaker-1958
• Demand pacemaker-1964
• Rate-responsive-
HYMANS PACEMAKER• hand crank (F)
• spring motor (D)
• magneto-generator (A)
• interrupter disc
• magnet pieces (B’ and B”)
• impulse controller (G)
• electrode needle (L)
• neon lamp (C)
IMPLANTABLE PACEMAKER
• Pulse amplitude-10mA
• Rate-60 beats per min
• Current drain-12µA
• 10 mercury-zinc cells were used
• Continuous operation 5 years
ECG
Turn-on period(t0)
Pulse period(t0-t1)
Relaxation period(t2)
DEMAND PACEMAKER
RATE-RESPONSIVE PACEMAKERS
BLOCK DIAGRAM
FUTURE PACEMAKER-WICS
TELEMETRY
References• www.springer.com
• http://www.durofy.com
• https://wiki.engr.illions.edu
• http://www.medtronicfeatures.com
QUESTIONS ???
THANK YOU