pain systems systems neuroscience...somatosensory system pain systems systems neuroscience 2019...
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Somatosensory System Pain Systems
Systems Neuroscience 2019
Daniel J Felleman
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Figure 9.1 Somatosensory afferents convey information from the skin surface to central circuits
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Figure 9.2 Transduction in a mechanosensory afferent (a Pacinian corpuscle)
Non-encapsulated; with and without accessory structures: Free nerve ending for pain, touch and temperature; accessory- Associated for ending at hair roots and Merkel endings (slowly adapting?). Encapsulated: Pacinian; vibration (very RA), Meissner-fine touch (RA), Ruffini for pressure (SA)
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Figure 9.3 Receptive fields and two-point discrimination threshold
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Figure 9.8 Schematic representation of the main mechanosensory pathways
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Figure 9.9 Proprioceptive pathways for the upper and lower body
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Figure 9.10 Somatic sensory portions of the thalamus and their cortical targets in postcentral gyrus
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Figure 9.13 Neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex form functionally distinct columns
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Figure 9.12 Connections within the somatosensory cortex establish functional hierarchies
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Figure 10.2 Pain can be separated into first (sharp) and second (duller, burning) pain
Figure 10.1 Experimental demonstration that nociception involves specialized neurons (Part 2)
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Box 10A Capsaicin
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Figure 10.3 The anterolateral system
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Figure 10.4 The anterolateral and dorsal column-medial leminiscal systems cross the midline at different sites
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Figure 10.5 The anterolateral system sends information to different parts of the brainstem/forebrain
Affective-motivational aspects of pain depend on projections to RF, SC, central gray, hypothalamus, amygdala, and midline thalamic n.
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Figure 10.6 Pathways mediating discriminative aspects of pain & temperature for the body & face
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Box 10C A Dorsal Column Pathway for Visceral Pain
Sensory discriminative aspects of pain (location, intensity and quality) depend on information relayed to cortex via VPL/VPM
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Figure 10.7 Inflammatory response to tissue damage
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Figure 10.8 Descending systems that modulate the transmission of ascending pain signals
Pain modulation: Electrical stimulation of multiple brainstem sites can lead to analgesia. Gate control theory-via parallel mechano-receptor inputs (Melzak and Wall) Endogenous opiods; enkephalins, endorphins, and dysnorphins—in the peri-aquiducatal gray and enkephalins and dysnorphins in ventral medulla and spinal cord