WHAT IS PAINT?

Paint is any liquid or mastic composition which after application to a substrate in a thin layer is converted to an opaque solid film.

It is most commonly used to protect, color or add texture to objects.

PROPERTIES OF PAINT.

- The paint should be fairly cheap and economical.- It can be easily and freely applied on the surface.- The paint should be such that its colours is maintained for a long time.- The paint should form a hard and durable surface.- The paint should not affect health of workers during its application.- The paint should not be affected by weathering action of the atmosphere.- The paint should possess attractive and pleasing appearance.- The surface coated with paint should not show cracks when the paint dries.- When applied on the surface, the paint should form a thin film of uniform nature.

Types of paints.

Aluminum paintAnticorrosive paintAsbestos paint Bituminous paint

Deco paintPu paintLamination paint

Cellulose paintCement paincolloidal paintEmulsion paint

Enamel paintGraphite paintOil paintInodorous paint

Luminous paintPlastic paintSilicate paintSynthetic rubber paint

EXTERIOR PAINT

CEMENT PAINTGRAPHITE PAINTSILICATE PAINTSYNTHETIC RUBBER PAINTDECO PAINTALUMINIUM PAINT

INTERIOR PAINT

LUMINOUS PAINTPLASTIC PAINTP U PAINTOIL PAINT

EXTERIOR AS WELL AS INTERIOR

COLLOIDAL PAINTENEMUL PAINT

Aluminum paint

Advantages.-It is visible in darkness-it resists heat to a certain degree-It processes a high covering capacity.-It gives good appearance to the surface.-It is impervious to the moisture.-It processes high electrical resistance.

The very finely ground aluminum is suspended in either quick drying spirit varnish or slow-drying oil varnish as per requirement. Aluminum paint is a H.R. heat resistant paint.

Disadvantage- Colour and finish appearance may vary upon factory application due to differences in spray equipment.- Wet paint applications use more electricity.- More waste is generated during application due to overspray.

Anticorrosive paintThis paint essentially consists of oil and a strong drier. a pigment such as chromium oxide or lead or zinc chrome is taken and after missing it with some quantity of very fine sand, it is added to the paint.

-It is cheap-It lasts for a long duration.-The appearance of the paint is black.

Uses

- Oxidative Polymerization Type Anticorrosion Tape for Outdoor Use "Anticorrosion paint that can be stuck on".- The anti-corrosive paints are used with anti-fouling paints for ship bottoms.

Anti-corrosion materials - Stainless steel- Electro galvanized cold-rolled steel (SECC), a type of zinc-plated steel, used as a housing to protect

electronic components.

Asbestos paintThis is a peculiar type of paint and it is applied on the surfaces which are exposed to the acidic gases and steam.

Advantage

-The family of asbestos-containing serpentine chrysotile, the most common form of the mineral.-Serpentine asbestos in construction materials such as plasterboard is used,Plasters, vinyl flooring, shingles, tiles, counters sealing, hoses, fire protection.-It 'also used in things like automotive brake pads, linings and clutch plates.-Texture paint helps to hide the cracks and imperfections on the wall. -This paint can be top coated with any latex finish to add colour.-It can be applied to wood, wallboard, plaster, masonry (cement, brick, etc) and other surfaces.

Disadvantage

-It comes only in 5 gallon containers.-Colour choices are limited.-It is very thick and difficult to use. -These are expensive.

Bituminous paint

This paint is prepared by dissolving asphalt or mineral pitches or vegetable bitumen in any types of oil and petroleum. A variety of bituminous paints is available.The paint present a black appearance and it is used for painting ironwork under water.

Advantage

-It is inexpensive.-It is normally used for waterproofing to protect metals.-Bituminous paint provides a weatherproof and waterproof coating for metal surfaces such as pipes, structural steelwork etc.

Disadvantage

It should not be used over exposed surface that may rise above temperatures of 70 degree Celsius.

Bituminous waterproofing paintBituminous waterproofing paint for foundations. view enlargement. This system involves the waterproofing in positive thrust of foundations walls.

Advantages- It is inexpensive. Bituminous paint provides a weatherproof and waterproof coating for metal surfaces such as pipes, structural steelwork etc.- It is normally used for waterproofing to protect metals.

DisadvantagesIt should not be used over exposed surface that may rise above temperatures of 70 degree Celsius.

Uses-Black bitumen paint is used for all metal protection against corrosion.-Also as a water proof coating for concrete, stone and more.-Bitumen paint contains bitumen and is a solvent based paint with good water, acid and alkali resistance.-It is used for the protection of galvanised iron gutters. -It is used on general water tanks and pipe work.

Cellulose paint-This paint is prepared from nitro-cotton, celluloid sheets photographic films.-A cellulose paint harden by evaporation of thinning agent .-It has hardens quickly.-The cellulose paint is not affected by connect with hot water & the surface can stand extreme degree of cold &heat.

Advantage-The biggest problem with cellulose is in the thinners - with up to 50% of its’ sprayed volume evaporating, you actually need to apply a lot of coats to get a decent final build-up of paint.-But because Two-Pack only contains a tiny amount of thinners, what you spray is what you get when the paint has finally cured, leading to far less wastage.

Disadvantage-When Two-Pack has cured it is also much harder than cellulose and tends to resist petrol, acid rain, sunlight etc.-Much better than cellulose, which oxidises and goes dull over a long period, or even develops a milky haze.

Cement paint

-This paint consists of white cement , pigment ,accelerator & other additives.-It is available in dry power form.-The cement paint is available in variety of shade & it exhibits excellent decorative appearance .-The cement is applied in two coats .-For painting surface like corrugated iron sheets ,etc., the cement paint is mixed with boiled linseed oil.

Advantages

-It requires less skill & time for applying cement water paints & the applying implements can be cleaned with water only.-The preparation of surface is easier in a cement paint system as it is not necessary to remove the previous coats of cement paint.-The become an integral part of the substrata & add to its strength .-They prove to be economical as compared to the oil paint & they dry more rapidly then the oil paints.-They are suitable for painting fresh plaster having high alkalinity because cement paints are not likely to be attacked by the alkalinity of masonry surface.-They can be applied over new and dump wall which can not be painted over with oil paints until they are sufficiently dried.-They proved to be economical as compared to the oil paints and they dry more rapidly than the oil paints.

Disadvantages

-The defect of the cracking occurs when the film of paint has not adequate flexibility to move with thermal or moisture movements in the surface.-The efflorescence or crystalline deposit are sometime seen on the finished surfaces. such defects are mainly due to the nature of surface before application of paint or due to some external factor like highly saline atmosphere.-The paint should be cured sufficiently after application. It will avoid the phenomena of chalking of surfaces which indicates the paint film losing adhesion with the surface and becoming powdery.-The cement paints however become integral part of the surfaces. If they are suitably cured and hence they do not move independently of the surface.-The flacking or lifting of the paint film due to loss of adhesion can be prevented by properly curing the surface after the application of paint.

Colloidal paint

-No inert material is mixed in this type of paint.-It requires more time to settle and in the process of settlement, it penetrates through the surface.-It may be used for interior as well as exterior walls .

Advantages

-The colloidal particles of solid material show different colours, depending on from what they were made.-Before the advent of synthetic pigments, these were the ground plants and minerals artists used to mix their egg tempera and even oil paints.

Disadvantages

-Limited number of materials- only a few materials of this type are available. -Poor water resistance- most air drying type water-soluble materials have poor resistance, Require heat- most water-soluble systems require heat to convert to water-soluble state.

Emulsion paint

-A variety of emulsion paints is available.This paint is easy two applied & it dries quickly in about 11/2 to 2 hours .-The color of the paint is retained for a long period & the surface of the paint is tough and it can be cleaned by washing water

Advantages

The luxurious silk effect of emulsion paint will give you more reflection of light during the day, a perfect way to brighten darker rooms. This effect will show up any minor imperfections in walls and ceilings so you may need to prepare surfaces very well.

DisadvantagesIt is not suitable for external surfaces, wood and iron surface.

Uses-Emulsion paints are ideal for a number of different painting styles and finishes from rag rolling, stenciling and sponging to create great effects.-Using emulsion on wood is a great use as is emulsion on indoor metal radiators. Applying emulsion to metal radiators will not affect the output of heat.

Enamel paint This paint is available in different colors.It contains white lead & zinc white ,oil ,petroleum spirit & resinous matter.It dry slowly & forms a hard & durable surface .The surface provided with this paint is not affected by acids , alkalis , fumes of gas, hot & cold water ,steam,etc.

Advantages

-It is easy to clean and clear up when you have finished painting. Just rinse brushes under hot water.-Exposure to water will not affect the quality or colour of emulsion.-Emulsion does not leave you with hard to clean brushes and rollers and drops on the carpet!

-The first benefit is that a water-based emulsion is a lot less toxic than many oil-based paints, which mean there will be no nasty smells, less volatile organic compounds will be released and there will be less skin irritation.

Graphite paint -The paint present a black color & it is applied on iron surface with come in contact with ammonia, chlorine ,Sulphur gases , etc.-It is also used in mines and underground railways.

Inodorous paint-No turpentine is used in this paint, but white lead or zinc white is used with methylated spirit.-The white lead or zinc white is well ground in oil.

Advantages-The paint is not durable, but it dries quickly.

Luminous paint

The paint contains calcium applied with varnish.The surface on which luminous paint is applied shines like radium dial of watches after the source of light has been cut off.The paint should be applied on surfaces which are free from corrosion or any other lead paint.

Oil paint-This is the ordinary paint and it is generally applied in 3 coats of varying composition.-They are respectively terms as primes ,undercoats and finishing coats.-This paint is cheap and easy to apply and it possesses good opacity and low gloss.-The layer of old oil paint serves as a foundation for the fresh paint.

Advantages-Creates luminous, hardwearing colors.-Blends well with surrounding paints. -Slower drying than watercolors- provided artists more time to work with creations and make changes.

Disadvantages-Can be left open for long periods of time.-Slow drying can be a disadvantageHard to move on to next stage in painting because of slow drying. It's also possible to accidentally blend colors that weren't meant to be combined.

Plastic paint-This paint contains the necessary variety of plastics and it is available in the market under different trade names.-This paint possesses pleasing appearance and it is attractive in color.-This paint is widely used for show rooms, auditoriums , etc.

UsesThickness of coatwashing

ApplicationBase surface

Brushes colour of paints

Diluting the paintMetallic surfaces

Moisture resistanceNature of surface

Silicate paint-This paint is prepared by mixing calcined and finely ground silica with resinous substances.-The paint when dried forms a hard surface and it is durable.-It can stand extreme heat and it adheres firmly to brickwork also. It is not affected by alkalis.

Uses-The silicate paint can directly be applied on brick, plaster or concrete surfaces.-The tool which is used to apply silicate paint should be immediately cleaned with water after use.

Lamination paint

DECO PAINT-INTERIOR furniture.-Deco Paint , Wooden, Lamination Kitchen we are expert in all kind of kitchen with reasonable Price.-Laminated wood furniture is pressed wood with a plastic wood-grain or solid colour vinyl layer over the pressed wood.

Pu paint

-Polyurethane paint provides a hard, durable gloss for crafts and model making and can be applied to almost any surface. -There are several types of polyurethane paints, and several ways to apply them. -The size of the project and the expected use will determine the best type of finish and method of application.-You can choose from a simple spray can, to an extremely durable and high-gloss, two-part polyurethane paint.

Rubber paint-It is resistant to chemicals with good durability, flexibility and adhesion.-Suitable for use on steel and asbestos roofs & sheets.-Chemical and weather resistant with easy application properties Ideally suited for exterior building and roofs.

Advantages-water-resistant-resistant to chemicals-easy to apply-single-component-elastic paint film

Uses1) It helps to protect the metal from corrosion 2) Art work 3) It is used as a "reflective coating" for traffic system 4) It is also uses as "water insulation for roofs and ceilings" 5) Used as thermal insulation to reduce the energy consumption of cooling appliances in houses 6) Used as "Noise protection Insulation" 7) As a "Fire resistant coatings" 8) Research are in progress to use paint for generating electricity from heat energy.

Varnishing

-To intensify or brighten the appearance of natural grains in wood.-To render brilliancy to painted surface.-To protect painted surface from atmospheric action.-To protect unpainted wooden surfaces of door ,window ,floor , roof trusses etc. from atmospheric action.

Varnish is a solution of resins or resinous substances in alcohol ,turpentine or oil .It is applied on wood surfaces with following objects:

Types of Varnishes

Varnishes may be divided into the following four categories, depending upon the type of solvent used:1. Oil varnishes2. Spirit varnishes or lacquers3. Turpentine varnishes4. Water varnishes

1. Oil varnishes: The linseed oil is used as solvent in this type of varnishes.

-The hard resins such amber and copal are dissolved in linseed oil and if the varnish is not workable, a small quantity of turpentine is added.-The oil varnishes dry slowly, but they from hard and durable surface.

2.Sprite varnishes: The methylated spirits of white are used as solvent in this type of varnishes.

-The resins are of soft variety such as lacquer or shellac. The spirit varnishes dry quickly. -Lacquer(lac):Refers to any of various clear or coloured synthetic coating consisting of nitrocellulose or other cellulose derivative dissolved in a solvent that dries by evaporation to from a high gloss film.Shellac:-Sprite varnish made by dissolving lac flakes in denatured alcohol.

3. Turpentine varnished: the turpentine is used as solvent in this type of varnish.

-This varnishes dry quickly and possess light colours.-They are not durable and tough as oil varnishes.

4. Water varnishes: The shellac is dissolved in hot water and enough quantity of either ammonia

or borax or potash or soda is added such that shellac is dissolved.-Use for varnishing maps, pictures, etc. also used for delicate internal work and as a covering wall paper.

PAINTING ON THE PLASTERED SURFACE

Now a days plastic or oil bound distemper is done on the plastered walls, therefore it is necessary that the surface should be clean and clear, smooth, straight and plain. For this plaster of Paris is done on the walls, so that the ups and downs on the surface can be removed or hidden. Then following process is adopted after the last coat of paint.

Plaster of Paris surface is rubbed with sand paper and then a primer coat made of cement is applied. Then a putti made of mixing local enamel and chalk powder is applied and made smooth by a thin iron plate, and then the surface is cleared by rubbing and after this distemper or plastic paint is applied on the surface which is made ready.