pakistan
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Dylan Perese Wendy White April, 2012. A Brief History – Immigration Perspective. Pakistan. Major Events. Originally a British colony, partitioned in 1947 Pakistan & India India and Pakistan fought two wars (1947-48, 1965) over the disputed Kashmir territory - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
PAKISTANA Brief History – Immigration Perspective
Dylan PereseWendy White
April, 2012
Major Events Originally a British colony, partitioned in 1947
Pakistan & India India and Pakistan fought two wars (1947-48,
1965) over the disputed Kashmir territory 1956 – Republic (military rule) by Maj. Gen.
Iskander Mirza 1971: Bangladesh created from East Pakistan Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan 1979
US & Pakistan on common ground Pakistan conducts nuclear tests, 1998 Shaky government through the 80s/90s Benazir Bhutto assassinated in 2007 Current president - Asif Ali Zardari
Relevant Info
Largely Muslim (97 %) Capital - Islamabad Official language = Urdu
Punjabi also spoken Population = 190,291,129
people Population growth rate = 1.551
%/yr. Migration rate = -2
migrants/1,000 people (2012) Unemployment = 7.7 %
Life in Pakistan Today• Comprised of many diverse cultures/ethnic groups•Heavily influenced by remnants of Persian Empire •Distinct Islamic Identity•Adheres to many cultural traditions•Close-knit family structure (live together. No running water/electricity typical of lower-middle class family)
City-Life - Vendors
Estimated 30 % live below the Poverty Line
60 % of population lives on less than $ 2.00/day
Cold War Connection Three Distinct Phases
Cold War PeriodAid in ContainmentGeographic LocationIn U.S sphere of influence
Crisis Period (1990-1993)Retain nuclear weaponProliferation
RRR (repairing, rebuilding, redefining)In wake of 9/11
(http://www.defencejournal.com/april98/pakistanus.htm)
Important Dates`1947: Independence1971: Civil War & partitioning1985: US Passes the Pressler Ammendment to track nuclear threats
nuclear program causes tension in international relations2001: Bush forges new relationship with Pakistan – military base/allied force2007: Assassination of President Benazir Bhutto 2008: Concerns over curbing terrorism2011: Osama Bin Laden
Potential Reasons to Leave Literacy = 50 % as of 2005
Workforce = 42 % agriculture, 38 % service, 20 % industry – limited options
Politically unstable Kashmir territorial dispute Terrorism (9/2008 Truck
Bomb killed 50) Internal
Strife/Disagreement Kashmir Region
Education/Health are a low priority for the government
Poor Quality of Higher Education Lack of unity between branches
of government
In the News
9/11 – Close ties with Afghanistan's Taliban government
Osama Bin Laden Territorial Dispute –
ongoing, Kashmir region; this territorial dispute led to war in 1949, 1965, 1971, 1999, and remains unresolved today.
Life in America
Immigration Issues Time to become a citizen See Interview
Discrimination Ignorance 9/11 – Stigma
Anti-American Sentiment before coming (from back home)
Disillusioned by Obama & “Afpak” "Pakistan is a nuclear state.
Pakistan is battling Talibans. Pakistan does not want to be put in the same category as Afghanistan”
http://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2009/05/crisis-pakistan-minnesota-experts-express-worries-and-warnings
Connection to Minnesota
May 2009 Exodus from NW Pakistan 2 Million Fled American Refugee Committee steps in
Water/first aid, ties to American Islamic organizations Goal to keep them away from extremists until climate
cools down Not a major minority group here now
http://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2009/05/crisis-pakistan-minnesota-experts-express-worries-and-warnings
Works Consulted
http://www.coldwarstudies.com/2011/05/02/cold-war-timeline-pakistan/
http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107861.html?pageno=13
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0860197.html
http://www.defencejournal.com/april98/pakistanus.htm
http://www.jstor.org/stable/1901531 http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/tr
avel-advice-by-country/country-profile/asia-oceania/pakistan/
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html
http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0212302/pakistan.html
http://blogs.sacbee.com/photos/2010/06/images-of-daily-life-in-pakist.html
http://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2009/05/crisis-pakistan-minnesota-experts-express-worries-and-warnings