Pak Countr

Summa

Islamic Rof the stpopulatioPakistan in the sosouthwesWakhan

History

The terriMehrgarhsettlemenThe areaEmpire, tMughal EPakistan Pakistan east and wa new co

kistary Profile

ary

Republic of trategically ion exceedinghas a 1,046uth and is bst and ChinaCorridor in

y

itory of modh and the Bnts by Hindua has been rthe Persian AEmpire, the

Movement was indepenwest of Indi

onstitution in

an

Pakistan is aimportant reg 180 millio

6-kilometre (bordered by a in the far nthe north, an

dern PakistanBronze Ageu, Persian, Iruled by nuAchaemenidDurrani Emled by M

ndent in 194a where thern 1956 beco

a sovereign egions of Soon people, i(650 mi) coaIndia to the

northeast. It ind also share

n was homee Indus ValIndo-Greek, umerous empd Empire, th

mpire, the Sikuhammad A

47 as an indere was a Muoming an Isl

country in South Asia, Cit is the sixtastline along

east, Afghais separated es a marine b

e to several lley CivilizaIslamic, Tu

pires and dye Arab Umakh Empire aAli Jinnah ependent na

uslim majoritlamic Repub

South Asia aCentral Asiath most pop

g the Arabiaanistan to thfrom Tajikisborder with

ancient cultuation, and hurco-Mongolynasties, inc

ayyad Caliphand the Britisand India's

ation for Musty. Initially ablic. This co

and located a and Westepulous countan Sea and the west and nstan by AfghOman.

ures, includihas undergol, Afghan ancluding the hate, the Mosh Empire. Astruggle fo

slims from ta dominion, onstitution w

at the crossrern Asia. Wtry in the whe Gulf of Onorth, Iran thanistan's na

ing the Neoone invasionnd Sikh cultIndian Mau

ongol EmpireAs a result oor independthe regions iPakistan ado

was suspende

roads With a world. Oman to the arrow

olithic ns or tures. uryan e, the of the dence, in the opted ed by

Ayub Khan in 1958. A civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh. The Constitution of 1973—suspended by Zia-ul-Haq in 1977 but reinstated in 1985—is the country's most important document, laying the foundations of the current government.

Pakistan's post-independence history has been characterized by periods of military rule, political instability and conflicts with neighboring India.

Memberships

Pakistan is a founding member of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (now the Organization of Islamic Cooperation) and is a member of the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Next Eleven Economies, SAARC, ECO, D8 and the G20 developing nations.

Foreign Economic Relations: Pakistan is a member of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Colombo Plan, the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), and the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). It has free-trade arrangements (FTAs) with China, Sri Lanka, and the European Union, and by the end of 2004 had sought FTAs with Mexico and the United States. Historically, political issues have affected Pakistan’s foreign trade and aid. In 1998 the United States and international donors imposed sanctions because of Pakistan’s successful nuclear tests. Those sanctions were dropped after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks because the United States regarded Pakistan as an important ally against transnational terrorists operating out of Afghanistan.

Basic Facts

Capital City Islamabad

Population 179.16 Million

Total Area 796,095 Sq. Km

Languages Urdu, English, Pakhtu, Sindhi, Baluchi

Ethnicity Punjabis (44.2%), Pakhtuns (15.4%), Sindhis (14.1%), Baluchis (3.6%)

Religion Islam (96.3%), Hindu (1.6%), Christian (1.6%), Baha’ism and Sikhism

Political System Federal Parliamentary Republic: Four provinces and four federals: Baluchistan, North-West Frontier Province, Punjab, and Sindh

Branches of Government

Legislative (Council of Advisors, or National Assembly), Executive (Prime Minister and President)

Current President

Asif Ali Zardari

Currency Pakistani Rupee

Health

Pakistan’s health indicators, health funding, and health and sanitation infrastructure were generally poor, particularly in rural areas. In 2004 about 19 percent of the population was malnourished—a higher rate than the 17 percent average for developing countries—and 30 percent of children under age five were malnourished. Leading causes of sickness and death includes gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, congenital abnormalities, tuberculosis, malaria, and typhoid fever. The United Nations estimates that in 2003 Pakistan’s human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence rate was 0.1 percent among those 15–49, with an estimated 4,900 deaths from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is a major health concern, and both the government and religious community are engaging in efforts to reduce its spread. In 2003 there were 68 physicians for every 100,000 persons in Pakistan. According to 2002 government statistics, there were 12,501 health institutions nationwide, including 4,590 dispensaries, 906 hospitals with a total of 80,665 hospital beds, and 550 rural health centers with a total of 8,840 beds.

Expenditure on health (% of GDP) 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

Water and Sanitation

Use of improved drinking water sources (%) 2010 92

Use of improved sanitation facilities (%) 2010 48

Life expectancy at birth (Years) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012

57.9 59.4 60.7 62 63.1 64.1 65.2 65.4 65.7

Health In Pakistan

Hospitals 916

Rural Health Centers 552

Maternity and Children Health Centers

906

Tuberculosis Centers 289

Hospital Beds 99908

Doctors (Registered) 113206

Dentists (Registered) 6127

Nurses (Registered) 48446

Education

In 1998, 43.9 percent of those aged 10 or older were literate, but the literacy rate was higher for males (54.8 percent) than for females (32.0 percent). 2003 estimates for literacy were 45.7 percent for those 15 years of age and older (59.8 percent for males and 30.6 percent for females). These days, free primary education is a constitutional right and is compulsory in every province except Baluchistan. The education system is designed for 12 years of schooling, with five years in primary school, three in middle school, and four in high school.

There are 163,000 primary schools in Pakistan, of which merely 40,000 cater to girls. Of these, 15,000 are in Punjab Province, 13,000 in Sind, 8,000 in North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) and 4,000 in Baluchistan.

Similarly, out of a total 14,000 lower secondary schools and 10,000 higher secondary schools, 5,000 and 3,000 respectively are for girls, in the same decreasing proportions as above in the four provinces. There are around 250 girls’ colleges and two medical colleges for women in the public sector of 125 districts. Some 7 million girls under 10 go to primary schools, 5.4 million between 10 and 14 attend lower secondary school, and 3 million go to higher secondary schools. About 1.5 million and 0.5 million girls respectively go to higher secondary schools/colleges and universities.

Education

Youth (15-24 years) literacy rate (%) 2007-2011, male 79

Youth (15-24 years) literacy rate (%) 2007-2011, female 61

Participation in Education

Population with at least Secondary Education (%) 2012, male 43.1

Population with at least Secondary Education (%) 2012, female 18.3

Public expenditure on education (% of GDP)

1980 1990 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

2.1 2.5 1.8 2.3 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.4

Education In Pakistan

Primary Schools 155000

Middle Schools 28728

High Schools 16100

Secondary Vocational Schools 636

Arts and Science Colleges 1066

Professional Colleges 382

Universities 51

Economy

Natural Resources

Economically important natural resources include arable land, chromites, coal, copper, fireclay, gypsum, iron, limestone, oil, natural gas, rock salt, and silica sand.

Land Use

More than 40 percent of the working population is employed in agriculture, yet the per capita amount of agricultural land is declining, and there are significant natural limitations to increasing the quantity of arable land. According to official statistics for 2004, the country’s total land area is 79.6 million hectares, but only 59.3 million hectares have been surveyed. Out of the surveyed land area, 24.6 million hectares are classified as not available for cultivation, 3.6 million hectares are forest area, and 9.2 million hectares are unused but believed to be cultivable. Approximately 22 million hectares are used for cultivation, of which nearly 16 million hectares are actually sown, with the remainder left fallow. About 13.5 million hectares of the sown area are irrigated, and 6.5 million hectares are sown more than once per year. Most cultivable and irrigated land is located in the eastern provinces of Punjab and Sindh around the Indus River and its tributaries. Pakistan has an extensive but inefficient canal system for irrigation, and much of the crop area is rain fed, but rainfall tends to be unevenly distributed throughout the year.

Environmental Factors

Numerous environmental problems threaten the economy and the population’s health, and there is little indication of their abatement. A 1997 World Bank study estimated the annual cost of Pakistan’s environmental problems at US$1.8 billion in health expenditures, reduced labor productivity, and other costs. The availability of natural resources is limited by the dry climate and mountainous terrain, substantial population growth is increasing pressure on the resource base, and resource management has suffered from the emphasis on rapid economic growth and often-unregulated forms of economic productivity. As a result, human transformation of the environment is manifest in several problems. Population growth and poor water infrastructure have reduced per capita water availability from 53,000 cubic meters to 1,200 cubic meters, and heavy reliance on firewood has contributed to the world’s second highest rate of deforestation. Poor agricultural practices have led to soil erosion, groundwater degradation, and other problems that have hindered crop output and contributed to health problems for rural communities. Solid waste burning, low-quality fuels, and the growing use of fuel-inefficient motor vehicles have contributed to air pollution that in some cities—such as Islamabad, Lahore, and Rawalpindi—has exceeded levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization.

Inflation

The exact figures for inflation rates vary by source, but it is clear that rates of inflation declined throughout the 1990s and early 2000s. According to World Bank figures, inflation peaked at 25 percent in 1974, ranged from approximately 4 percent to 11 percent in the late 1970s and 1980s, and rose to 13 percent in 1991. After 1991, inflation generally declined to 2.4 percent in 2002 and 4.2 percent in 2003. In 2011, the inflation rose up to 18.3 percent, but in 2012, this situation was controlled and inflation declined to 9.9 percent.

2000 2005 2010 2011

Forest area (sq. km) (thousands) 21.2 19.0 16.9 16.4Agricultural land (% of land area) 35.0 35.1 34.2 34.4Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) .. .. .. 333.6Improved water source (% of population with access) 88 90 91 91Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access) 37 42 47 47Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) 441 478 489 ..CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) 0.7 0.9 .. ..Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 359 450 458 ..

Environment

Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing

According to official sources, agriculture, livestock, fishing, and forestry produced an estimated 23.3 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) for FY 2004. Employment in this sector has declined as other economic sectors have grown. Approximately 43.1 percent of the working population was employed in agriculture, forestry, and fishing in 2002, down from 48.3 percent in 1992. In 2012, agriculture was only 20 percent of the economy.

The major crops are wheat, rice, sugarcane, and cotton. The country’s unfulfilled agricultural potential is often seen as the result of the domination of large landowners, deterioration in the irrigation network, soil degradation from fertilizers and poor government investment in agricultural research.

Mining and Minerals

Mining and minerals historically have been a weak economic sector. Since 2000 mining and quarrying have accounted annually for around 1.4 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) and employed an estimated 0.1 percent of the working population. Chromites are the only metallic ores that has been exploited on a commercial scale, but the country has substantial deposits of copper and iron ores as well. Pakistan also has significant deposits of non-metallic ores such as anhydrite, dolomite, gypsum, limestone, marble, and rock salt.

Industry and Manufacturing Since the mid-1960s, the industrial sector has produced 19 to 25 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), accounting for 24.5 percent of GDP in 2004. Manufacturing and construction dominate the industrial sector, accounting for around 19 percent of GDP. Since the 1980s, approximately 17 to 20 percent of the working population has been employed in the industrial sector (25 percent in 2004), mostly in manufacturing and construction. Although the industrial base has diversified since independence, the production base depends heavily on textiles and sugar. Manufacturing output is therefore vulnerable to adverse weather conditions and fluctuations in international prices for cotton

2000 2005 2010 2011 2012

GDP (current US$) (billions) 73.95 109.60 176.48 210.74 231.18GDP growth (annual %) 4.3 7.7 3.5 3.0 4.2Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) .. 7.0 12.4 18.3 9.9Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) 26 21 21 22 20Industry, value added (% of GDP) 23 27 25 25 26Services, etc., value added (% of GDP) 51 51 53 53 54Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 13 16 14 14 12Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 15 20 19 19 21Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 17 19 16 13 13Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) 13.9 13.0 13.9 12.4 12.3Cash surplus/deficit (% of GDP) -4.1 -3.2 -5.0 -6.5 -7.8

Economy

and sugar. Various liberalization reforms have been pursued since the early 1980s but have been hindered by substantial corruption, frequent raw material shortages, the government’s tendency to provide generous concessions to particular sectors (such as sugar refining and yarn spinning), and a burdensome tax structure that has helped promote the development of the informal economy.

Energy

Economic growth, population growth, and rising urbanization have increased energy demand, much of which is met by imported energy sources because of the country’s limited domestic energy resources. Traditional resources, such as firewood and dung, are commonly used, particularly in rural areas, and the government plans to reduce firewood consumption by introducing solar power to rural areas. Coal has provided around 5 percent of total domestic energy supply for decades, but most is of poor quality and generally is used in brick kilns.

With regard to nontraditional sources, oil and natural gas have provided around 37 to 43 percent of total energy supplies each since the late 1970s, and the country is attempting to expand hydropower production. For decades, Pakistan has depended heavily on oil imports, and in FY 2003 imported oil provided 31.6 percent of total energy supplies—at a cost of US$3.1 billion. Domestic oil provided 6.7 percent of total energy supplies, and domestic recoverable petroleum reserves have fallen to less than 50 percent of their estimated original amount. Hydropower has declined from 17.7 percent of total energy supply in FY 1979 to 11.3 percent in FY 2003. The government is interested in reversing this trend, but the area with the greatest potential for hydropower expansion (the mountainous north) is difficult to access and would have high transmission costs. Finally, nuclear power production was insufficient until the 2001 inauguration of the country’s second nuclear power facility, and nuclear energy production increased to 1.2 percent of total energy supply in FY 2003.

Services

The services sector accounts for about 50 percent of Pakistan’s annual gross domestic product (GDP). From 2000 to 2004, transportation, wholesale and retail trade, finance, public administration, defense, and services collectively provided about 52 percent of GDP. Services alone were about 9 to 10 percent of GDP. The services sector has suffered from many of the same problems as the industrial sector, such as political corruption and crippling tax rates, and sectoral growth has been limited by a shortage of educational resources and skilled labor.

Foreign Economic Relations

Pakistan is a member of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Colombo Plan, the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), and the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). It has free-trade arrangements (FTAs) with China, Sri Lanka, and the European Union, Mexico and the United States. Historically, political issues have affected Pakistan’s foreign trade and aid. In 1998 the United States and international donors imposed sanctions because of Pakistan’s successful nuclear tests. Those sanctions were dropped after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks because the United States regarded Pakistan as an important ally against transnational terrorists operating out of Afghanistan.

Imports

Imports of goods and services have constituted about 20 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) since the late 1960s, and since the early 1990s machinery, petroleum products, and chemicals have composed around 55 percent of imported goods. Most imports come from the United States, Japan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Malaysia. Imports increased throughout the 1990s, at least partly because the government reduced maximum tariff rates from 92 percent in 1994 to 35 percent in 1999.

Exports

Exports of goods and services have increased from around 10 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in the late 1960s to 15 percent throughout the 1990s. Since the early 1990s, primary commodity exports have fallen from about 20 percent to 10 percent of exports, while manufactured goods have increased from 55 percent to 75 percent. Manufactured cotton textiles have accounted for about 60 percent of total exports since the early 1990s, and other manufactured goods (such as leather goods, pharmaceuticals, and sporting goods) and primary commodities (particularly rice) for 25 percent of exports. The primary importers of Pakistani goods are the United States, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia. Since 2000, Pakistan has promoted exports by rebating import duties, sales taxes, and income taxes, and by concessional export financing.

Foreign Investment

Since the 1980s, the government has introduced reforms to attract foreign investment. Foreign investment has increased over time, but corruption, civil disorder, and occasional international economic sanctions have acted as major disincentives to investment. According to World Bank figures, foreign direct investment (FDI) in Pakistan increased from US$23 million in 1970 to US$612 million in 2003 (approximately 1 percent of the 2003 FDI in China). From 2000 to 2003, FDI increased in finance, transport, communications, mining, quarrying, oil, and gas, with the principal sources being Switzerland, the United States, the United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom.

2000 2005 2010 2011 2012

External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions) 32,954 33,991 58,488 60,182 ..Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) 28.0 12.4 15.0 9.2 ..Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions) 308 2,201 2,018 1,309 854

Global links

Pakistan Trade Profile 2012

Pakistan Tariff Profile 2012

Human Development Index

Between 1980 and 2012 Pakistan's HDI rose by 1.3% annually from 0.337 to 0.515 today, which gives the country a rank of 146 out of 187 countries with comparable data. The HDI of South Asia as a region increased from 0.357 in 1980 to 0.558 today, placing Pakistan below the regional average. The HDI trends tell an important story both at the national and regional level and highlight the very large gaps in well-being and life chances that continue to divide our interconnected world.

The Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce & Industry

Mr. Zubair Ahmed Malik

President of FPCCI

The Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FPCCI) is functioning since 1949. FPCCI is a body corporate licensed by the Government of Pakistan under Trade Organizations Ordinance 2007 which repealed Organizations Ordinance 2007, which repealed the Trade Organizations Ordinance 1961. FPCCI is the APEX body, representing country’s Trade, Industry & Services.

Presently FPCCI has a membership of 138 Trade Bodies enfolding 44 Chambers, (including 8 Women’s Chambers) and 94 Associations of Trade, Industry and Services from and 94 Associations of Trade, Industry and Services from all over the country. Two members from each of the member bodies form the General Body of FPCCI. FPCCI has an Executive Committee composed of one of the two members of its General Body. All the activities of FPCCI are implemented by the Secretariat, headed by the Secretary General.

FPCCI Offices

FPCCI HEAD OFFICE, KARACHI Federation House, Main Clifton, Karachi, Pakistan Tel: 021-35873691, 93-94 Fax: 021-35874332, E-mail: info@fpcci.com.pk / Web: www.fpcci.com.pk E-mail: info@fpcci.com.pk Web: www.fpcci.com.pk FPCCI CAPITAL OFFICE, ISLAMABAD 1st Floor, Chamber House, G-8/1, Aiwan-e-Sanat-o-Tijarat Road, Islamabad Tel: 051-2251891-93 Fax: 051-2251894 E-mail: islamabadcapital@fpcci.com.pk / fpcci.isb@cyber.net.pk Tel: 051-2251891-93 Fax: 051-2251894 FPCCI REGIONAL OFFICE, LAHORE 50-A, Tufail Road, Lahore Cantt Tel: 042-6670970-71 Fax: 042-6670972, Email: lahore.regional@fpcci.com.pk/ fpcci@brain.net.p FPCCI REGIONAL OFFICE, PESHAWAR Suite No. 9 & 10, 3rd Floor, Azam Towers, University Road, Peshawar Tel: 091-5704291-2 Fax: 091-5846259, Email: peshawar.regional@fpcci.com.pk /fpccipsh@dslplus.net.pk FPCCI REGIONAL OFFICE, QUETTA CC&I Building, Lower Ground Floor, Zarghoon Road, Quetta Cantt Tel: 081-2899108 Fax: 081-2899109 Email: quetta.regional@fpcci.com.pk / fpcciqta@gmail.com FPCCI REPRESENTATIVE OFFICE IN CHENGDU FPCCI Representative Office in Chengdu has been established in Chengdu, Sichuan China. World Trade Centre 14F Shaocheng Building No. 25, Shaocheng Road, Chengdu, Sichuan-China Tel: 86-28-8663 8810/ Fax: 86 28 8663 8710 China based Director: Cell. 86 13980513700 E-mail: fpcci.chengdu@hotmail.com

Central Bank State Bank of Pakistan

First Women Bank Ltd.

National Bank of Pakistan

Askari Commercial Bank Limited

Bank Al‐Fallah Limited

Faysal Bank Limited

Bank Al‐Habib Limited

Metropolitan Bank Limited

KASB Commercial Bank Limited

Prime Commercial Bank Limited

Soneri Bank Limited

Silk Bank

Crescent Commercial Bank Limited

Dawood Bank Limited

NDLC‐IFIC Bank Limited (NIB)

Allied Bank of Pakistan Limited

United Bank Limited

Habib Bank Limited

SME Bank

ABN Amro Bank N.V.

Albaraka Islamic Bank BSC (EC)

American Express Bank Limited

Barclays

Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi Limited

Citibank N.A.

Deutche Bank A.G.

Habib Bank A.G. Zurich

Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corp. Limited

Oman International Bank S.O.A.G.

Royal Bank of Scotland

Standard Chartered Bank Limited

Zari Taraquiati Bank (ZTBL)

Industrial Development Bank of Pakistan

Punjab Provincial Cooperative Bank Ltd.

Pakistan Industrial Credit and Investment Corp. Limited

Pak Kuwait Investment (Pvt) Limited

Pak Libya Holding Company (Pvt) Limited

Pak Oman Investment Company (Pvt) Limited

Saudi Pak Industrial and Agricultural Investment Company 

(Pvt) Limited

Development Financial 

Institutions

Foreign Banks

Specialized Banks 

Pakistan Banks

Nationalized Scheduled 

Banks

Private Banks

Pakistan Economic Ministries

Ministry of Finance, Revenue, Planning and Development, Economic Affairs and Statistics. 

Minister  Mr. Muhammad Ishaq Dar 

Telephone  92 51 9206382 

Website  www.finance.gov.pk  

E‐mail  so_coord1@finance.gov.pk  

Ministry of Industries and Production 

Minister  Mr. Ghulam Murtaza khan jatoi 

Website  www.moip.gov.pk 

Ministry of Commerce 

Minister  Makhdoom Muhammad Ameen Faheem  

Telephone  051‐9208692 

Website  www.commerce.gov.pk  

E‐mail  mincom@commerce.gov.pk  

Pakistan Economic Associations

Pakistan Institute of Trade and Development 

Chairman     Mr. Maqbool H.H.Rehmat Ullah 

Telephone  92‐51‐9206853 

Fax  92‐51‐9202146 

Website  ftip@ntc.net.pk  

E‐mail  www.pitad.org.pk  

Pakistan National Tariff Commission 

Chairman    Prince Abbas Khan 

Fax  92 51 9221205 

Website  www.ntc.gov.pk  

E‐mail  ntc@ntc.gov.pk  

Trade Development Authority of Pakistan 

Chief Executive  N/A 

Telephone   +92 21 99206487‐90 

Fax  +92 21 99206461 

Website  www.tdap.gov.pk  

E‐mail  tdap@tdap.gov.pk 

Trading Corporation of Pakistan 

Chief Executive  Mr. Rizwan Ahmed 

Telephone  +(92‐21)99202947‐49 

Fax  +(92‐21)99202722/9202595  

Website  www.tcp.gov.pk  

E‐mail  tcp@tcp.gov.pk/ chairman@tcp.gov.pk  

Pakistan Insurance Companies

Iran and Pakistan

264

399

477

538

693

228

385

334

286

166

3614

133

252

497

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Million Dollars

Iran and Pakistan Relations

Export 

Import

Trade Balance

Name  Telephone  Fax  E‐mail  Website 

National Insurance Company Limited  111‐642‐642  ___________  info@nicl.com.pk   www.nicl.com.pk  

The Insurance Associations of Pakistan  +92‐21‐3227 7169  +92‐21‐ 3227 7170  info@iap.net.pk   www.iap.net.pk  

Pakistan Reinsurance Company limited  (+92‐21) 99202908‐14  (+92‐21) 99202921‐22  ___________  www.pakre.org.pk