panda at fair facility for antiproton and ion research

Workshop JINR/BMBF 18.Jan.05, H.O.

PANDA at FAIRFacility for Antiproton and Ion Research

Herbert OrthGSI Darmstadt


Quantum chromodynamics at short distances S << 1 Quantum chromodynamics at short distances S << 1

quantitative description of the experimental cross section over

10 orders of magnitude by perturbative QCD!

jet transverse energy

perturbative treatment

jet production in pp-collisions at = 1.8 TeV (Fermilab)s

p p

Example:


Transition from the perturbative to the non-perturbative regime of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)

Transition from the perturbative to the non-perturbative regime of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)

q

q q

qgluon (g)

quarks, gluonsone gluon exchange

hadrons:baryons, mesonsmodels, lattice QCD

perturbativeQCD: S << 1

non-perturbativeQCD: S 1


Challenging problems in non-perturbative QCDChallenging problems in non-perturbative QCD

• Do glueballs (ggg) and hybrids (qqg) exist?

New experimental approach: antiproton beams up to 15 GeV/c

• Why are quarks confined within hadrons?

• How are hadrons constructed from their constituents?

• What is the relation of parton degrees of freedom and the low energy structure of hadrons?

• What is the origin of hadron masses?

• How are hadrons modified when embedded in nuclei?


SIS 100

HESR

SIS 300

CBM

PP Super-FRS

Atom. Phys.

GSI as of today

Elec.CoolerPANDA

CR+RESR

NESRFLAIR

FAIRFacility for Antiprotonand Ion Research


High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) and Detector ConceptHigh Energy Storage Ring (HESR) and Detector Concept

electron cooler

universal detector PANDA

p-injection

circumference 540 m

max. bending power 50 Tm

HESR

p

detector features:measurement and identification of, e , , , K, p, phigh rate capabilityfast trigger scheme

54p/p

cGeV151.5pp1s2cm32102L

1010p/p

N = 1011 p


Physics program at the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR)Physics program at the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR)

J/ spectroscopy confinement

hidden and open charm in nucleiglueballs (ggg)

hybrids (ccg)

strange and charmed baryons

in nuclear field

inverted deeply virtual Compton scattering

CP-violation (D/ - sector)

New proposals: ASSIA, PAX (pol. target; pol. p – beams)


Quantumelectrodynamics (QED)Quantumelectrodynamics (QED) Quantumchromodynamics (QCD)Quantumchromodynamics (QCD)

( )r

crV

hα−=

( )rV

r

( ) rKr

c

3

4rV S ⋅+α−=

h

( ) ∞→∞→ rforrV

confinement potential

( )rV

Masse / MeV

2900

3100

3300

3500

3700

3900

4100

( )3730DD

)3097(

)3686(')3770(''

)4040('''

)3525(hc )3510(1χ)3556(2χ

)3415(0χ

)3590('cη

)2980(cη

1D23D2

3P0(~3800)3P1(~3880)

3P2(~3940)

terra incognita

cc

Charmonium

1fm

Charmonium ( c c )Positronium (e+e–)

ionisation energy

binding energy meV

0

-1000

-3000

-5000

-7000

+e −e

Positronium

0.1nm1S0

1S0

1S0

3S1

3S11P1 3P1

3P0

3P2


comparison e+e- versus ppcomparison e+e- versus pp

e+e- interactions: only 1-- states formed other states populated in secondary decays (moderate mass resolution)

pp reactions: all states directly formed (very good mass resolution)

production of χ1,2

'ee →−+

2,1χ

/J−+ ee

formation of χ1,2

/J−+ ee

2,1pp χ→

Crystall Ball

E 760 (Fermilab)

m (beam) = 0.5 MeV


• energy levels, widths, decay modes

details of QQ interaction non-perturbative effects

charmonium spectroscopy: testing confinementcharmonium spectroscopy: testing confinement

unique window to study interplay of perturbative and non-perturbative effects

open problems in J/ spectroscopy:

• search for ηc'-state (seen Belle e.o.) • confirm 1P1-state • measure transition rates • identify states above DD threshold

advantage pp: direct formation of all states

confinement potential spin dependend ?


GlueballsGlueballs

characteristic feature of QCD: self-interaction among gluons

predicted masses: 1.5 - 5.0 GeV/c2

candidate: f0(1500): 0++; =110MeV no flavour blind decay mixing with neighbouring scalar meson states

search for higher lying glueball states

mixing with (qq) and (QQ) excluded for exotic states (e.g., JPC = 2+-)

less mixing, width 100 MeVonly 10 (QQ) states in 3 – 4 GeV/c2

C.J. Morningstar and M. Peardon,PRD60 (1999) 034 509decay mode: 2+- η ( l = 2)


predicted masses: 3.9 - 4.5 GeV/c2

lowest state: JPC = 1–+ (exotic)width: could be narrow (LGT: 10 MeV)preferred decays:(ccg) (cc) + X

light quark hybrids:

charmed hybrids:

candidates:JPC = 1–+ at 1.4 GeV/c2 η–

JPC = 1–+ at 1.6 GeV/c2 0–

Hybrids Hybrids )qgq( *

e.g. 1-+ χc + ()l=0 (C. Michael, hep-lat/0207017)

J/ + e+e-


Str

ange

sess

Neutron Number

three-dimensional nuclear chart with strangeness degree of freedomthree-dimensional nuclear chart

with strangeness degree of freedom

• strange and doubly strange nuclei• YN-interaction


Double Hypernucleus SpectroscopyDouble Hypernucleus Spectroscopy

double hypernuclens productiondouble hypernuclens production detector schemedetector scheme

¯(dss) p(uud) (uds) (uds) applying K-trigger: 3 • 105 stopped ¯ /ddetected -transitions: 100 / dkeV-resolution !!

Rates:


CP-violationCP-violation

• CP-violation observed in the s, b-sector• not sufficient to explain observed matter

CP-violation in c-sector? e.g. compare decay rates+−++ → KKD to −+−− → KKD

f f

; expected ACP 10-3 ( D+ f ) – ( D– f )

( D+ f ) + ( D– f ) ACP =

copious production of D-mesons

2.5 ·109 D pairs/year D 2.5 ·107 reconstructed D, /yearD

for L = 2 · 1032 cm-2s-1 2 years of data taking to achieve 3 statistical significance

HESR:


Access to Generalized Parton DistributionsAccess to Generalized Parton Distributions

Identical diagram

(reversed)

non-perturbative QCD

pQCD

( )t,,xE,H ξ

( )t,,xE~

,H~

ξ

p

p

factorization into hard amplitude (calculable in perturbative QCD)

and soft amplitude

(information on parton distributions)exclusive annihilation :→pp

wide angle Compton scattering:

• clear experimental signature;both baryons in ground state

• cross section: 2.5 pb

⇒−−⋅= 1s2cm32102Lfor

O (103) events per month

(at | u |, | t | s 10 GeV2)

A. Freund et al, PRL 90 (2003) 092001


detector features:

• tracking of charged particles

• measurement and PID of , e, , , K, p, p

• high rate capability

• sophisticated and fast trigger scheme

The PANDA detectorThe PANDA detector

central detector and forward spectrometer


Target SpectrometerTarget Spectrometer Target pipe

Muon hodoscope

Straw chamber

Si vertex detector

Ecal

Barrel DIRC

Magnet yoke

Solenoid Magnet coil

Ecal

Minidrift

Forward DIRC

p

TOF Barrel


Forward SpectrometerForward Spectrometer

Minidrift

Dipole magnet yokeMuon chambers

Ecal

Hcal

Gas Rich

Coils

TOF


41 Institutes (33 Locations) from 10 Countries:Austria - Germany - France - Italy - Netherlands - Poland - Russia - Sweden - U.K. -

U.S.

IKP Jülich I + IIU KatowiceLANL Los AlamosU MainzTU MünchenU MünsterBINP NovosibirskU PaviaParis OrsayU of SilesiaU TorinoPolitechnico di TorinoU & INFN TriesteU TübingenU & TSL UppsalaÖAdW ViennaSINS Warsaw

U BochumU BonnU & INFN BresciaU CataniaU CracowGSI Darmstadt TU DresdenJINR Dubna I + IIU ErlangenNWU EvanstonU & INFN FerraraU FrankfurtLNF-INFN FrascatiU & INFN GenovaU GlasgowU GießenKVI Groningen

The PANDA colaborationThe PANDA colaboration


QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Plan view of the PANDA detectorPlan view of the PANDA detector


FAIR: Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research


General FAIR slides


Primary Beams

•1012/s; 1.5 GeV/u; 238U28+

•Factor 100-1000 over present in intensity•2(4)x1013/s 30 GeV protons•1010/s 238U73+ up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u

Secondary Beams

•Broad range of radioactive beams up to 1.5 - 2 GeV/u; up to factor 10 000 in intensity over present •Antiprotons 3 - 30 GeV

•Cooled beams•Rapidly cycling superconducting magnets

Key Technical Features

Storage and Cooler Rings

•Radioactive beams•e – A collider

•1011 stored and cooled 0 - 14.5 GeV

antiprotons

FAIR: Facility for Antiproton and Ion ResearchFAIR: Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research


FAIRFacility for Antiproton and Ion Research

research areas:

• Nuclear Structure Physics and Nuclear Astrophysics with Radioactive Ion-Beams

• Hadron Physics with p - Beams

• Physics of Nuclear Matter with Relativistic Nuclear Collisions

• Plasma Physics with highly bunched Laser- and Ion-Beams

• Atomic Physics and Applied Science

• Accelerator Physics


synergy effect: parallel operation of physics programssynergy effect: parallel operation of physics programs


FAIR and its members

FAIR ProjectFrance

FZ-Jülich

Russia

INDIAItaly

Resources, Finances, Manpower and Hardware Contributions

Demands of the Project towards partners

UK

SwedenChina

GSI

FAIR Council(Representatives of Institutions)

France FZ-Jülich RussiaFinnland Spain UKSwedenGSI

Project Management

Italy

Finnland

Obs. EU

Obs. China

Obs. India

Observ. USA


The PANDA DetectorThe PANDA Detector

target spectrometer forward spectrometer

micro vertexdetector

electromagneticcalorimeter

DIRC:Detecting InternallyReflectedCherenkov light

straw tubetracker

mini driftchambers

muon counter

Solenoidalmagnet

iron yoke

panda at fair facility for antiproton and ion research

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