paper # aa06-009
DESCRIPTION
The Effect of Application Volume and Deposition Aids on Droplet Spectrum and Deposition in Broccoli for Aerial Applications. Presented at the 2006 ASAE NAAA/ASAE Technical Session 40th Annual National Agricultural Aviation Association Convention Rosen Shingle Creek Hotel & Resort - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Effect of Application Volume and Deposition Aids on Droplet Spectrum and Deposition in Broccoli for Aerial
Applications
Paper # AA06-009 Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Presented at the2006 ASAE NAAA/ASAE Technical Session
40th Annual National Agricultural Aviation Association ConventionRosen Shingle Creek Hotel & Resort
December 4-6, 2006
Objective:
The effect of application volume and deposition aids on droplet spectrum and deposition in broccoli for aerial applications.
Materials and Methods:
• Broccoli field in Yuma, Arizona• March 7 and 9, 2006 • 15 treatments• Products completely randomized• Broccoli was post harvest stage
– Planted on ridges, double rows, 18-24 inches tall, and dense
• Application Conditions:– Treatments 1-7 = 73°F and 40% RH– Treatments 8-15 = 48°F and 66%
RH– Wind speed:
• Range = 4-10 and 2-3 mph
Materials and Methods:• AT 402B (Tri Rotor; Yuma, AZ and Lakin,
KS)– Drop booms– CPTT11 nozzles with 8° deflection– 3 GPA (36 nozzles) CPTT11 - 15– 5 GPA (36 nozzles) CPTT11 - 20– 10 GPA (67 nozzles) CPTT11 - 30 – 58 - 73 psi (average = 62.8)– 128 – 141 MPH (average = 132.5
mph, GPS measured)
• Aircraft Operation S.A.F.E. calibrated
• Application Height 10-12 feet• Swath width = 60 feet
Materials and Methods:• 5 deposition aids:
– Interlock– Interlock + Preference– Interlock + Rivet– AG06011 – AG06038
• Water/Prime Oil/Red dye as a check
• Spray mixes containing 50 gal– Prime Oil @ 3 ounces/acre– Tap water– Required amount of product or
combination of products per label• Application volumes
– 3, 5, 10 GPA
Collection Procedure for canopy:
• 1 pass• 5 collector areas evenly
spaced across the swath width
• 3 kromekote papers stapled to leaves
• placed in top, middle, and bottom of canopy = 15 papers
DropletScan used to analyze droplets:
System ComponentsSystem Components
Analysis Procedure:
• Scanned and recorded– 675 canopy papers (5 x 3 x 15 x
3)– % Area Coverage, droplet size
characteristics, and number of droplets in the bottom, middle, and top of the broccoli canopy.
• Statistical analysis with SAS– Proc GLM– LS Means compared
• Alpha = .05
Results and Discussion:
• Comparison of locations in canopy• Comparison of application volume• Comparison of products vs. water
– Percent area coverage– Number of droplets per square centimeter– Volume median diameter in lower canopy
Coverage in Bottom of Canopy – 3 GPA:
0.67 0.670.70
0.20
0.60
0.33
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
water
-3
Inte
rlock
-3
Int+
Pref-3
AG 060
13-3
Int+
Rivet-3
Int+
AG 0
6030
-3
Treatments
% A
rea
Co
ve
rag
e
Coverage in Bottom of Canopy – 5 GPA:
0.70
0.93 0.97
0.730.80
0.47
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
water
-5
Inter
lock
-5
Int+
Pref-5
AG 060
13-5
Int+
Rivet-5
Int+
AG 0
6030
-5
Treatments
% A
rea
Co
ve
rag
e
Coverage in Bottom of Canopy – 10 GPA:
2.20
1.85
0.95
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
water
-10
Int+
Pref-1
0
Int+
Rivet-1
0
Treatments
% A
rea
Co
ve
rag
e
Percent Area Coverage Bottom Collectors
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
Treatments
% A
rea
Co
vera
ge
a
b
LSD = 0.87
a
bb
bb
b
b
b
b b bb
b
Average = 0.85
13.715.3 16.7 16.7
13.310.3
12.0 11.7
29.325.3
21.718.7
31.032.7
23.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
water-5
water-3
Inte
rlock
-5
Inte
rlock
-3
Int+
Pref-5
Int+
Pref-3
AG 060
13-5
AG 060
13-3
Int+
Rivet-5
Int+
Rivet-3
Int+
AG 060
30-5
Int+
AG 060
30-3
water-1
0
Int+
Pref-1
0
Int+
Rivet-1
0
Treatments
Dro
ple
ts/s
q.
cmDroplets/Sq. cm - Bottom
Collectors
LSD = 12.9
Average = 19.4
de de decde cde e e e
abc
aab
abcdabcd
abcde
bcd
VMD – Bottom of Canopy
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Treatments
Mic
ron
s
LSD = 60.3
Average =284
Summary of findings:
• The 10 GPA treatments of water only and the combination of Preference/Interlock provided significantly better coverage in the lower canopy.
• There were no other significant differences measured among all other volumes and products.
• For the 5 GPA treatments, the Interlock and the Interlock/Preference combination provided the best coverage.
• Increased volume per acre improved coverage.
Summary of findings cont.:
• Deposition aids only slightly increased canopy penetration except with the 10 GPA treatments where water alone was best.
• Higher application volumes increased the number of droplets measured in the lower canopy.
• The combinations of Interlock/Rivet and Interlock/Experimental AG06030 at both 5 and 3 GPA improved the droplet count.
• Interlock/Preference at 10 GPA had the most droplets in the lower canopy.
Acknowledgements:– Agriliance– Tri Rotor- – Jim DeKoster - Pilot – Armando – Mix Master