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THE CORRELATION BETWEEN LUNG CANCER

AND PASSIVE SMOKING

By :

ASTI ANINDYA ISTASADHYA

030. 04. 033

FACULTY OF MEDICINE

TRISAKTI UNIVERSITY

JAKARTA

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2007

PREFACE

First I would like to thank God for his blessing and health so I could finish this paper on

time. I also want to thank my supervisor, dr. Reza Tandean MHSc(OM), SpOK for his guidance

and help on this paper.

Thanks to my family that has supported me during this writing. And thanks to my

friends for their helps. Without their helps and supports, I wouldnt be able to finish this paper.

This paper is far from perfect. There are a lot of mistakes in the writings, whether the

grammar or the theory. I hope after reading this paper, readers could give me some advice and

critics. Hopefully, with the critics and advice, I will be able to develop myself. I apologize for all

mistakes Ive made in this paper.

I hope this paper could be useful to all the readers. Thank you.

Jakarta, October 2007

Asti Anindya Istasadhya

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CONTENTS

Preface .. ii

Contents .. iii

CHAPTER I Introduction ...... 1

I. 1 Background ...... 1I. 2 Problems ...... 1

I. 3 Limitation of the Problems.. 2

I. 4 Objectives ...... 2I. 5 Methods of Writing ...... 2

I. 6 Frame of Writing ...... 2

CHAPTER II Lung Cancer ...... 4II. 1 Epidemiology ...... 4

II. 2 Etiology ...... 5

II. 3 Classification ...................................................... 5II. 4 Symptoms and Signs ...... 6

II. 5 Diagnosis ...... 7

II. 6 Treatment ...... 8

CHAPTER III Passive Smoking .......... 9III. 1 Definition ...... 9

III. 2 Contains of Cigarette .............. 9

III. 3 Passive Smoking

Effects ...................... 9

CHAPTER IV Correlation Between Lung Cancer and Passive

Smoking ....... 11

CHAPTER V Conclusion ...... 13

References . 14

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