paranoid schizophrenia

43

Click here to load reader

Upload: sreeremya-sree

Post on 27-May-2015

181 views

Category:

Science


3 download

DESCRIPTION

Paranoid schizophrenia,their effects ,symptoms and remedies,the ill effects

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Paranoid schizophrenia

PARANOID-SCHIZOPHRENIA

BY SREEREMYA.SLecturer, Mercy college, Palakkad

Page 2: Paranoid schizophrenia

DSM-IV-TR DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:SCHIZOPHRENIAA. Characteristic symptoms: Two (or more) of the

following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated): (1) delusions – false beliefs that usually involve a misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences (2) hallucinations (3) disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence) ** “Derailment is disordered thought in which the idea changes spontaneously to another idea that is unrelated or only distantly related” (BehaveNet.com,

2008)

Page 3: Paranoid schizophrenia

EXAMPLES OF PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA Barbara

Tetty Dee Dee ( Be prepared it’s kind of gross).

Being a Schizophrenic

Page 4: Paranoid schizophrenia

THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT MEDICATIONS TO TREAT PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA

Page 5: Paranoid schizophrenia

F20-F29 SCHIZOPHRENIA, SCHIZOTYPAL AND DELUSIONAL DISORDERS

F20 Schizophrenia F20.0 Paranoid schizophrenia F20.1 Hebephrenic schizophrenia F20.2 Catatonic schizophrenia F20.3 Undifferentiated schizophrenia F20.4 Post-schizophrenic depression F20.5 Residual schizophrenia F20.6 Simple schizophrenia F20.8 Other schizophrenia F20.9 Schizophrenia, unspecified

Page 6: Paranoid schizophrenia

F20.0 PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA

Paranoid schizophrenia is characterized mainly by delusions of persecution, feelings of passive or active control, feelings of intrusion, and often by megalomanic tendencies also. The delusions are not usually systemized too much, without tight logical connections and are often combined with hallucinations of different senses, mostly with hearing voices.

Disturbances of affect, volition and speech, and catatonic symptoms, are either absent or relatively inconspicuous.

Page 7: Paranoid schizophrenia

F20.2 CATATONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA Catatonic schizophrenia is characterized

mainly by motoric activity, which might be strongly increased (hypekinesis) or decreased (stupor), or automatic obedience and negativism.

We recognize two forms:productive form — which shows catatonic

excitement, extreme and often aggressive activity. Treatment by neuroleptics or by electroconvulsive therapy.

stuporose form — characterized by general inhibition of patient’s behavior or at least by retardation and slowness, followed often by mutism, negativism, fexibilitas cerea or by stupor. The consciousness is not absent.

Page 8: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 9: Paranoid schizophrenia

TYPES OF DRUGS In the last decade new "atypical"

antipsychotics have been introduced. Compared to the older "conventional" antipsychotics these medications appear to be equally effective for helping reduce the positive symptoms like hallucinations and delusions - but may be better than the older medications at relieving the negative symptoms of the illness, such as withdrawal, thinking problems, and lack of energy. The atypical antipsychotics include aripiprazole (Abilify), risperidone (Risperdal), clozapine (Clozaril), olanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel) thiothixene (Navane).

Page 10: Paranoid schizophrenia

ETIOLOGY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA - DOPAMINE HYPOTHESIS

The most influential and plausible are the hypotheses, based on the supposed disorder of neurotransmission in the brain, derived mainly from

1. the effects of antipsychotic drugs that have in common the ability to inhibit the dopaminergic system by blocking action of dopamine in the brain

2. dopamine-releasing drugs (amphetamine, mescaline, diethyl amide of lysergic acid - LSD) that can induce state closely resembling paranoid schizophrenia

Classical dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia: Psychotic symptoms are related to dopaminergic hyperactivity in the brain. Hyperactivity of dopaminergic systems during schizophrenia is result of increased sensitivity and density of dopamine D2 receptors in the different parts of the brain.

Page 11: Paranoid schizophrenia

ETIOLOGY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA - CONTEMPORARY MODELS Dopamine hypothesis revisited: various

neurotransmitter systems probably takes place in the etiology of schizophrenia (norepinephric, serotonergic, glutamatergic, some peptidergic systems); based on effects of atypical antipsychotics especially.

Contemporary models of schizophrenia conceptualize it as a neurocognitive disorder, with the various signs and symptoms reflecting the downstream effects of a more fundamental cognitive deficit: the symptoms of schizophrenia arise from “cognitive

dysmetria” (Nancy C. Andreasen) concept of schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental

disorder (Daniel R. Weinberger)

Page 12: Paranoid schizophrenia

REFERENCES American Psychiatric Association. (2000).

Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Dr. Davis (lecture) BehaveNet.com. (2008) Retrieved March 12, 2008

from http://www.behavenet.com/ HealthSquare.com Wikipedia.com Utube.com PANSS Training DVD, Volume I:

Harvey, Barbara, and Dennis2004 by The PANSS Institute LLC & Philip R. Muskin,MD

Schizophrenia.com. (2007) Retrieved March 13, 2008 from http://www.spizophrenia.com/

Page 13: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 14: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 15: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 16: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 17: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 18: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 19: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 20: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 21: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 22: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 23: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 24: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 25: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 26: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 27: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 28: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 29: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 30: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 31: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 32: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 33: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 34: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 35: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 36: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 37: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 38: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 39: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 40: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 41: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 42: Paranoid schizophrenia
Page 43: Paranoid schizophrenia