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PARENGARENGA-A FOREST

For the period 2013 / 2018

Owned by

Crown Forestry

&

Parengarenga Incorporation

Forest Management Plan

Prepared by C.R.Richards

PO Box 1127 ROTORUA

Tel: 07 921 1010

Fax: 07 921 1020 [email protected]

www.pfolsen.com

http://www.pfolsen.com/

MONTH / YEAR TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1

FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN FSCGS04

Parengarenga Forest

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 2

2. Forest Investment Objectives ...................................................................................................... 3

3. Forest Landscape Description ..................................................................................................... 6

Map 1 - Forest Location Map ................................................................................................................... 8

4. The Ecological Landscape ............................................................................................................ 9

5. Socio-economic profile and adjacent land ................................................................................12

6. The Regulatory Environment .....................................................................................................16

7. Forest Estate Description ..........................................................................................................23

8. Reserve areas and significant species .......................................................................................25

Map 2 - Forest Stands Map ....................................................................................................................30

Map 3 - Forest Protected Areas Map .....................................................................................................31

9. Forest Products and Other Special Values ................................................................................32

10. Environmental Risk Management .............................................................................................34

11. Commercial Crop Establishment and Silvicultural Operations ..................................................36

12. Forest Inventory, Mapping and Forest Records ........................................................................39

13. Harvesting Strategy and Operations .........................................................................................40

14. Property Management and Protection .....................................................................................41

15. Monitoring .................................................................................................................................49

16. Future Planning .........................................................................................................................51

Annex 1 Forest neighbours ....................................................................................................................52

Annex 2: Erosion Hazard Zone – Northland Regional Council ...............................................................53

Annex 3: Land Use Zones – Far North District Council ..........................................................................54

Annex 4: Archaeological and Cultural Sites ...........................................................................................55

Annex 5: Forest stands and seedlots. ....................................................................................................56

Annex 6: Summary of stand silvicultural status. ...................................................................................57

Annex 7: Summary of stand inventory records. .....................................................................................58

Annex 8: Pest plants and animals – Northland RPMS. ...........................................................................59

© PF OLSEN LTD

All rights reserved.

All rights of copying, publication, storage, transmission and retrieval in whole or part by any means and for all purposes except for bona fide copying by the entity that commissioned this report, as set out on the title page, are reserved.

05 / 2014 INTRODUCTION Page 2


Parengarenga Forest

1. INTRODUCTION

Principles and Criteria

The Parengarenga Forest Owners (The Crown and Parengarenga Incorporation) are committed to adopt the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Principles and to meet their Criteria and the FSC standards of good forest management. These standards include ecological, social and economic parameters. The Parengarenga forest owners are committed to the PF Olsen FSC Group Scheme that is implemented through the Group Scheme Member Manual and associated documents.

About this Plan This document provides a summary of the forest management plan and contains:

Management objectives;

A description of the land and forest resources;

Environmental safeguards;

Identification and protection of rare, threatened and endangered species;

Rationale for species selection, management regime and harvest plan and techniques to be used;

Appropriate management of unstocked reserve areas;

Maps showing plantation area, legal boundaries and protected areas;

Provisions for monitoring and protection.

05 / 2014 Forest Investment Objectives Page 3


Parengarenga Forest

2. Forest Investment Objectives

Provision of services

The Parengarenga forest owners objectives are to obtain an economic return on investment while providing environmental benefits, including:

Enhanced water quality;

Soil, stabilisation and conservation;

Providing a buffer against flooding during storms;

Shading waterways for aquatic life;

Enhance wildlife and plant habitat leading to increased biodiversity;

A reduction in greenhouse gases;

Economic and social benefits to the community and the Parengarenga forest owners.

Forest management goals

The forest is managed to:

Grow trees and produce logs for the manufacturing of different wood products in New Zealand and overseas with a focus on describe primary products;

Ensure that the productivity of the land does not decline;

Ensure that environmental values are identified and maintained;

Ensure that historic sites are identified and protected;

Ensure that other forest values and products are identified, protected and where possible enhanced;

Harvest the trees as close as possible to their economic optimum age;

Replant following harvesting; and

Enter any other objectives specific to the forest area.

These objectives are delivered via the Quality Management System implemented by PF Olsen that includes ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certification, and FSC environmental certification (when requested by the customer). All activities within Parengarenga Forest are subject to management within a framework set by PF Olsen’s environmental policies and Environmental Management System (EMS).



Parengarenga Forest

Lease & Sub-licence structure.

The objectives of the original Parengarenga lease required the Crown to:

Establish, manage and protect a forest and appraise, sell, realise, remove and utilise the produce, consistent with good forestry practices so as to produce a sustained periodic yield of forest products and,

To prevent further sand drift beyond the present encroachment. In 1999, variations to the Parengarenga A lease were agreed which allows the Crown to:

Progressively surrender harvested areas to the owners at 3-year intervals after first establishing a second rotation crop.

Agree with the lessors on a forest manager to manage both the Crown’s and Owners areas,

Work with the lessors (via Joint Forest Management Co-ordination Committees) to facilitate joint management issues

Surrender the Parengarenga A leases in accordance with the Deeds of Variation by 30 June 2016.

The Parengarenga A lessors receive a share of stumpage (net proceeds from sale of forest produce) as rent.



Parengarenga Forest

Environmental policy

PF Olsen Limited Environmental Policy:

PF Olsen Ltd is committed to:

Sustainable forest and land management;

Promoting high environmental performance standards that recognise the input from the community in which we operate;

Where appropriate applying the Principles and Criteria of the Forest Stewardship Council across forest management.

Substantial additional detailed policies are contained within PF Olsen’s Environmental Management System (EMS).

EMS framework The EMS is a core document defining the policies, processes and procedures that govern the physical implementation of forest management activities. The EMS applies a systematic approach certified to ISO 14001 standards to ensure that prevention of adverse and harmful impacts is effective. An Environmental Management Group (EMG) assists the Environmental Manager, who is responsible for ensuring that the EMS is maintained and implemented. Internal audits to ensure compliance with the EMS and to improve the procedures of the EMS are undertaken at least once every two years.

05 / 2014 Forest Landscape Description Page 6


Parengarenga Forest

3. Forest Landscape Description

Overview This section describes the physical and legal attributes of the land on which the forest is located. Included in this section are discussions of:

Location and access;

Topography;

Soils;

Climate;

Legal ownership and tenure.

Location and access

Parengarenga A Forest is established on an eleven kilometre long strip of wind blown sands fronting the Tasman sea on Ninety-Mile Beach, commencing at Te Arai trig and terminating 2 km north of the Waikanae Stream. The Southern boundary is the Te Arai reserve administered by Department of Conservation. The northern boundary adjoins the outlying Matapia block of Aupouri Crown Forest Licence held by Summit Forests Ltd. The lease is west of Te Kao and the Far North Road. The Parengarenga forest has an extensive network of roads, (metalled and clayed) and 4 wheel drive sand tracks. Main forest access is via Taylors Road (a Maori Roadway1). This road has an “hours of use” restriction which limits heavy traffic use (unless special case permission is granted by neighbours) to the hours of 5.30am to 6.30pm. Although Taylor Road is the main access, there is alternate access via Te Ahu Road. However, the prime access – especially for heavy traffic is Taylor Road. Oromanga Road (a Maori Roadway) runs through the forest from Te Ahu Road to the coast and provides access to the Bluff and the portion of land within the lease known as the camping ground, both recognised2 as areas of cultural significance. Private recreational use of the forest road network is managed by the Maori landowners primarily for the benefit of Iwi and Hapu. The location of the forest in relation to potential markets is listed in the table below and shown in Map 1.

1 Maori land ‘laid out’ as a Maori Roadway under Section 316 of the Te Ture Whenua Act/Maori Land Act 1993. Direct Interest: Include all owners with an interest in the Maori roadway by being a landowner or having a share in the land adjacent to the road, or having access over the road as provided in Section 318 of the Te Ture Whenua Act (Maori Land Act) 1993. 2 Far North District Plan

05 / 2014 Forest Landscape Description Page 7


Parengarenga Forest

Table 1: Distances from forest to log markets

Potential Market Distance from Forest (km)

Log market

or Export Port

Kerikeri 171 DOMESTIC SUPPLY

Whangarei 218 Domestic supply

Marsden Point 254 LVL mill supply, export logs

Otiria 164 Pulp logs (railed to Marsden Point for chipping)

Topography

The area encompassing the two Parengarenga Forests comprises undulating dunes upon a coastal sand plain, approximately 5 kilometres wide and from 7-120 metres above sea level. A regular line of foredunes up to 10 metres high form the seaward boundary. Parengarenga A Forest rises quite steeply from the coast, resulting in a high level of exposure to salt-laden westerly wind. Parengarenga 3G tends to be sheltered by this higher ground. Some of the back faces of the dunes in Parengarenga 3G Forest tend to be very steep and there are a number of blind gullies and basins on the eastern boundary. Ground-based logging systems can be used throughout all forests although the steep sides of some of the dune formations limits the use of excavator-based mechanised felling heads.

Soils The majority of soils are loose raw unstructured sands of recent age and marine origins that have been transported inland by wind. These soils are deficient in nitrogen and have marginal copper status but contain reasonable levels of other nutrients. The remainder of the area inland of the dunes consists of consolidated sands of Pleistocene age. These are moderately to strongly acid and have a low natural fertility with low phosphate levels in addition to low nitrogen and copper levels. Lakes, swamps and swampy land are common.

Climate

Rainfall: The average rainfall at nearby Kaitaia is about 1100mm with over 2000hrs of sunshine per year. Temperature: The mean monthly temperature ranges from 11 to 20 degrees Celsius.

05 / 2014 Map 1 - Forest Location Map Page 8


Parengarenga Forest

Legal ownership

The legal description of the lands on which the forest is situated are: Parengarenga A: PT SF 187-Aupouri-Parengarenga IX, X, XI, XIV, XV, XVI

Muriwhenua W SD [Parengarenga A Block being the whole of the land comprised and described in Certificate of Title Register Volume 45A Folio 819 North Auckland Land District].

The tenure is Maori Land with lease in favour of the Minister of Forests acting for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen in place for first rotation stands in Parengarenga forest.

Map 1 - Forest Location Map

05 / 2014 The Ecological Landscape Page 9


Parengarenga Forest

4. The Ecological Landscape

Ecological District Aupouri Forest group occurs on the Aupouri peninsular on a strip of land facing the westerly windflow. Over geological time this area of land has exhibited a constant flux between forested and deforested areas. The persistently windy climate mobilises sands carried ashore from the sea. Human occupation accelerated deforestation particularly as land was converted to pastoral usage. Large proportions of forest, shrubland and entrapped wetland ecosystems disappeared over this period. Clearance aggravated dune mobility to the point that agricultural productivity became threatened along the western shores of the peninsular leading to the afforestation that exists today. Today, the forest area falls within the Aupouri Ecological District. Due to it’s dynamic and young geological origins, warm, humid climate and variable wind exposure, the district exhibits considerable ecological diversity and a range of unique, rare & threatened terrestrial and aquatic species. May of these habitats are now severely depleted in range, heavily modified and threatened from further physical damage, hydrological disturbance (in the case of wetlands) or pest and weed invasions. In this context, the plantations of Aupouri, while having been established on bare mobile dunes resulting from past habitat destruction, now, provided they are not expanded into new relatively unmodified territories, provide a level of increased stability, protection and buffering to important ecological remnants and evolving regenerating areas. These in turn harbour some variety of native fauna.

Protective Status The following table shows the context protected areas within the forests relative to the Ecological District(s) in which they sit. Table 2: Ecological context of Parengarenga forest

Ecological District or LENZ type: Ecological District

Aupouri

%

Original (pre-Maori) percentage of ecosystem type in Ecological District within land title:

119,422ha 100

Natural ecosystem area remaining 34,025ha 28.0

Proportion of remaining natural ecosystem under formal protection:

10,859ha 31.9

Added Protection by certificate holder 555.7ha 5.1

Total Protected areas by forest 10.3

Protected areas as a % of management estate by Ecological District

10.3



Parengarenga Forest

Threatened Environments Classification

The Landcare Threatened Environments Classification (TEC) is a measure of how much indigenous vegetation remains within land environments, its legal protection status, and how past vegetation loss and legal protection are distributed across New Zealand’s landscape. The TEC is a combination of three national databases:

Land Environments New Zealand (LENZ)

Landcover Database 2

Protected Areas Network The TEC uses indigenous vegetation cover as a surrogate for indigenous biodiversity, which includes indigenous ecosystems, habitats, and communities; the indigenous species, subspecies and varieties that are supported by indigenous vegetation; and their genetic diversity. It uses legal protection as a surrogate for the relative vulnerability of indigenous biodiversity to pressures such as land clearance, extractive land uses, and the effects of fragmentation. The TEC is therefore most appropriately applied to help identify places that are priorities for formal protection against clearance and/or incompatible land uses, and for ecological restoration to restore lost species, linkages and buffers. The table on the following page shows the threatened environments classifications as they pertain to the Parengarenga forest estate.

Table 3: Reserve areas by Threatened Environments Classification

PARENGARENGA

<10% indigenous cover left

10-20% left 89.9 ha

72.3%

20-30% left xxx

yyy

>30% left and <10% protected

>30% left and 10-20% protected

>30% left and >20% protected

TOTAL 555.7 ha

100.0%

Continued on next page...



Parengarenga Forest

…continued The vast proportion of the forest is within a predicted environment of which between 20 and 30% of the original cover remains and thus are not amongst the most highly threatened environments. Nevertheless the dunelands on which the forest is located provide specialised habitats and include substantial wetlands on the boundary and to a lesser extent within the forest. All of these are ecologically important.

Figure 1: Forest by Threatened Environments Classification

05 / 2014 Socio-economic profile and adjacent land Page 12


Parengarenga Forest

5. Socio-economic profile and adjacent land

Forest history The history of forest development on the Aupouri peninsula dates back to 1951 when Cabinet decided to return the “administration and treatment of the country’s sandy wastes” from the Ministry of Works and Development to the Department of Lands and Survey and the New Zealand Forest Service. This led to an exchange of lands between the NZ Forest Service and the Department of Lands and Survey with the Forest Service acquiring 11,000 hectares of “sand dune wasteland” behind Ninety Mile Beach, stretching from Motutangi in the south to Te Kao in the north”. A meeting in 1958 between the Minister of Forests, the Director-General of Forests and Maori living in the Te Hapua and Te Kao area provided the kick-start for the NZ Forest Service commencing marram grass and radiata pine planting to go with earlier forest planted by the Ministry of Works and Development at Waipapakauri. This programme, small at first, accelerated over time to become by the late 1960s, a plan to establish forest at a rate of some 800 hectares per year. Discussion with the owners of the land on which the Parengarenga Forests are planted commenced in the early 1960s with agreements to enter into long-term leases agreed on 1 July 1966.

Current social profile

The Far North District in which the forests are located amounts to an area of 7,324 square kilometres and is ranked in the top ten largest land areas covered by district and city councils. In 2013 the resident population of the district was 55,734. The population demographics show a slightly higher percentage of European decent than the national average and a significantly higher Maori proportion relative to the national average. Educational levels are slightly lower than the national average and between the 2006 and 2013 Census the number of businesses in the district declined 7.2% and employment by 4.8%. Just under 50% of the total local workforce and employed in health and community services, accommodation and food, retail and education services. Geographically however the area, population base and market outlets for the district’s primary produce is heavily weighted to the south and south east of the forests with the only nearby population concentration being in Kaitaia approx 60km south of the forests with a population of approximately 5000. Road links to other significant population concentrations to the south of Kaitaia all amount to travel times of between 1 & 2 hours.




Parengarenga Forest

…continued In the New Zealand Atlas of Deprivation3 shows the District in the immediate area of the Parengarenga forest to suffer relatively high levels of socio-economic deprivation compare on National attributes compiled by the Ministry of Health.

Figure 2: Extract from NZ Atlas of Deprivation 2006 Darker red = most deprived

Pastoral agriculture, including dairying, forestry, horticulture, and tourism

all contribute significantly to the local economy and the balance of employment. The location of the Juken Nisso Triboard plant in Kaitaia is a major contributor to local employment and an important component of the log market structure.

3 Atlas of Deprivation

http://www.health.govt.nz/publication/dhb-maps-and-background-information-atlas-socioeconomic-deprivation-new-zealand-nzdep2006





Parengarenga Forest

Associations with Tangata Whenua, Tenure & resource rights

Historical habitation of the area has resulted in many archaeological sites and areas of cultural significance being identified. All forests are established on land owned by Maori and there is a long history of close involvement between the respective owners and the Crown that continues to this day. The Parengarenga forests were established following the signing of a 99 year lease agreement between Maori owners of the (Parengarenga A) land and the Crown in 1981. The lease agreement contains detailed lessor and lessee rights and obligations. It provides the right for the Crown to establish and manage forests on the land in return for payment of a share of stumpage returns to the owners. Maori land owners of the Parengarenga A Forest are represented by the Parengarenga Incorporation. As a result of negotiations in the late 1990s the Parengarenga A lease was varied in 1999 so that the forest area (along with previously established second-rotation stands is now being handed back to the lessors following replanting. Under the lease variations, the Crown’s exit will be complete by 2016 in Parengarenga A Forest.

Neighbours Neighbours to the forest estate boundaries have a special interest in the management of the forest. Activities within the forest may positively or negatively impact upon their quality of life or businesses in a number of ways, while inappropriately managed operations could create risks of adverse health, safety and environmental hazards. Neighbours may use the forests for recreational purposes or place reliance on the forests for provision of water quality or quantity services. Boundary issues such as weed and pest control, access and boundary alignment issues may also involve neighbours. The following table lists the forest neighbours and their primary activities. Some or all of these parties should be consulted when operations are proposed in forest areas adjacent to their boundaries. A location map is included in Annex 1.




Parengarenga Forest

…continued Table 4: Forest neighbours

Owner/Occupier Contact # Location ( Map 1) Activities Other Notes

Department of Conservation

Kaitaia 09-408 6014 Whangarei 09-430 2470

Te Arai Reserve borders Parengarenga A and Parengarenga 3G Forests. Bullrush Lake borders Onepu.

Reserves, (including wetlands and dune lakes)

Te Arai reserve Bullrush Lake

Parengarenga Incorporation

09-409 7831 Eastern boundary of Parengarenga A

Farming (sheep/beef)

Juken New Zealand Ltd

09-406 7024 Northern boundary Parengarenga A and southern boundary of Onepu

Forestry

Shenstone Farms Ltd + Summit Northern Plantations Ltd

8605 Far North Rd, Pukenui

NE corner Forestry

Ahinoama Atama 8371 Far North Rd Pukenui

Eastern boundary (Nth section)

Farm + Forestry

J M Wiki 517 TeAhu Rd, Tekao

Eastern boundary Farm

K T Pako 437 & 439 TeAhu Rd, Tekao

Eastern boundary (central)

Farm

T W Kanena 319 TeAhu Rd, Tekaho

Adj cmpt 420`` Farm

C E Subritzky, N Kanena, W Petana

247 TeAhu Rd, Tekaho

S E boundary Farm Adj cmpt 403

B Kaipo, H Kaipo, S E Boundary Farm Adj compt 402/403

A, K, M, R and T Wiki + W Mativ

SE boundary Farm Adj compt 402

F & J Noble 6501 Far North Rd, Pukunui

SE Corner Farm adj cmpt 402

05 / 2014 The Regulatory Environment Page 16


Parengarenga Forest

6. The Regulatory Environment

Regulatory considerations

In order to minimise the risk to forest owners, managers and contractors, it is important that relevant legislation and agreements are identified and appropriate measures put in place to ensure that breaches of legislation are avoided. The following legislation and agreements summarise key regulatory and voluntary controls that currently apply to forest operations in the forest.

Resource Management Act

The Forests are subject to the provisions of the Resource Management Act (RMA) 1991. The RMA sets up a resource management system that promotes the sustainable management of natural and physical resources and is now the principal statute for the management of land, water, soil and other resources in New Zealand. Under the RMA, the Forests fall under the Far North District Council (FNDC) for land management issues and the Northland Regional Council (NRC) for soil conservation, water and air quality issues.

District Plan The current Far North District Plan became operative in August 2009

with further minor changes that have little or no effect on forestry

coming into force in subsequent years.

Under the plan the substantive parts of the forest area are all zoned as

“Rural Production” there is a coastal margin of approximately 0.5km

width zoned as “General Coastal” this buffer margin runs into the

established forest and implies some additional constraints.

The main implication of the planning rules that apply to this forest estate

is controls to protect landscape, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and

cultural heritage features of the district. Key rules that may impact forest management are listed below.




Parengarenga Forest

…continued Table 5: District Plan rules as they affect forestry

Rule Ref Activity Requirement

8.6.5.1 Forestry Permitted - forestry activity in general

8.6.5.1.7 Noise Permitted - night time noise permitted subject to meeting best practicable means of mitigation (sec 16 RMA)

8.6.5.1.5 Traffic Permitted -Traffic intensity related to existing activities.

12.2.6.1.2 Indigenous clearance

Permitted - clearance of indigenous vegetation - 2ha/site/year provided older than 10 years and not remnant forest & >20m from lake, wetland or 3m wide permanently flowing river. 0.5ha /site/year if remnant forest.

12.2.6.1.3 Indigenous clearance

Permitted - clearance of indigenous vegetation in the general coastal zone – up to 500m2 /site/year or the lesser of 15% or 1ha for any site of more than 50% indigenous cover in vegetation < 6m tall or 600mm girth, & >20m from lake, wetland or 3m wide permanently flowing river.

12.3.6.1.1 Earthworks Permitted - excavation & filling <5,000m3/site /yr with average cut & fill <1.5m height over length of face. Exempts maintenance, construction or upgrading of internal forestry roads in rural production zone unless within 20m of any external road or adjoining property.

12.3.6.3.1 Quarrying Requires a “Development Plan” unless normal rural practice (See plan definitions)

12.4.6.1.2 Residential locations

20m firebreak buffer required from forest

12.5.6.1.2 Cultural & heritage

Consent needed for modification & maintenance of all listed features in Appendix E

12.5.6.1.3 Registered Archaeological Sites

Consent needed for modification or destruction as well as from Historic Places Trust for all sites listed in Appendix G Note Appendix G is registered sites only. Many other additional sites are recorded in the NZ Archaeological site recording scheme and also require HPT consent to destroy or modify by law.

12.6.6.1 Discharges to air

Permitted if no Regional Council consent required and complies with general zone rules and District Wide Provisions.

12.7.6.1.1 Riparian setbacks

Impermeable surfaces must be setback 30m from lakes>8ha or permanently flowing rivers >3m wide except at crossing points. Maintenance of existing surfaces is exempt.

12.7.6.1.2 Riparian setbacks

Impermeable surfaces lakes less than 8ha or rivers <3m - must be setback 3* area of lake. For rivers 10* width of river bed or 10m, whichever is the greater & setback of 30m for wetlands >1ha.



Parengarenga Forest

Regional Plan

The forest estate comes under the jurisdiction of the Northland Regional Council Land & Water Plan that became operative on 28th August 2004. This plan defines numerous rules to be taken into account when planning and managing operations. Under this plan all the land on which the Parengarenga forest estate falls is classified as “erosion prone”. Further amendements to the current plan were notified in July 2011 to ensure the plan preovisions recognised the National Policy Statement for Fresh Water Management 2011. These provisions will ultimately target water quality but in the Parangarenga forests environment are not expected to have any adverse implication. In March 2012 the Council published its Northland Forestry Guidelines designed to define best practice requirements for forestry operations. These guidelines are linked below: http://www.nrc.govt.nz/Environment/Land/Northland-Forestry-Guidelines/

Additionally there is a Regional Air plan that became operative on 1st August 2005 and has relevance to operations involving aerial spraying or dust nuisance. There is also a Regional Coastal plan that governs matters involving development along the coastline. In the case of the Parengarenga Estates the seaward proportions do not fall within any specifically “zoned” areas. A summary of rules as they currently affect the Parengarenga Estate are listed below. Any deviations from the descriptions below must be checked against the relevant plans; Table 6: Regional Plan rules as they affect forestry

Rule Ref Status Requirement – Regional Land & Water Plan

Sec V.7 Riparian Zones

Includes land, vegetated or unvegetated sand dunes between the Coastal Marine area and the leeward side of the foredune.

Sec V.18.1.1 Chemical vertebrate control

Permitted – If ERMA approved chemical by ground based application and other standards.

Sec V.18.1.2 Herbicides Permitted – If ERMA approved chemical by ground based application and other standards.

Sec V.22.1.1 Discharge of Stormwater

Permitted - from land disturbance activities if land disturbance activity is also permitted – subject to standards

Sec V.22.1.3 Discharge of Stormwater

Permitted - from roads – subject to standards related to sediment control and quality of discharges.

Sec V.23.1.1 Fertiliser Permitted – subject to observance of “all reasonable steps” and standards.


http://www.nrc.govt.nz/Environment/Land/Northland-Forestry-Guidelines/



Parengarenga Forest

…continued

Rule Ref Status Requirement – Regional Land & Water Plan

Sec V.29.1.2 Structures in beds of rivers

Permitted – maintenance of existing structures subject to conditions and performance standards.

Sec V.29.1.3 -29.1.5

Culverts, bridges & fords

Permitted - subject to performance standards and design constraints & does not occur in listed wetlands, dune lakes or other scheduled significant areas. Performance standards listed in V.27.03.02 & V29.1.11 covering clarity, fish passage and related issues.

Sec V.31.3 Gravel /rock removal from river beds

Discretionary consent required.

Sec V.33.1.2 Vegetation clearance – erosion zone

Permitted – in plantation forestry, replanted within 24months and not in the riparian zone and subject to 15 days notice of start up to Council and compliance with standards in Rule V.32.

Sec V.33.1.2 clearance – cont’d

Ground based harvest not on sand restricted 01/Oct – 30/Apr. Burning except on peat soils and riparian zone – see34.3.2 below

Sec V.33.1.4 Earthworks Permitted – if - not in riparian zone, <5000m3/12 months outside the erosion zone, or <1000m3 / or 1000m2/12 months in the erosion zone.

Sec V.34.1.2 Vegetation Clearance in the riparian zone

Permitted - for plantations in existence prior to Aug 2004 of if after subject to - 5m setback., complies with Sec V.32 standards and if not plantation clearance is < 200m2

Sec V.34.1.3 Earthworks in the riparian zone

Permitted – area <200m2 or volume <50m3 and must comply with Sec V.32 standards and reinstatement of areas where permanent structures not required.

Sec V.34.1.4 Land Prep’n in the riparian zone

Permitted – where beyond a 5m setback and on slopes < 15o and complies with Sec V.32 standards

Sec 34.3.2 Burning – riparian zone

Discretionary

Sec 9.1.9 Discharge of Agrichem’s

Permitted – subject to conditions including NZS 8409 covering use and management of agrichemicals, including appropriate qualifications, maintenance of property records, notification and other. Exception 24D ester.

Sec 10.2 Dust Permitted from earthworks & road construction provided not offensive or objectionable to neighbours.

Zone maps for the forest area are included in Annex 2 & 3



Parengarenga Forest

Historic and archaeological sites

Under the Historic Places Act 1993 it is the landowner’s responsibility to identify any historic sites on their land prior to undertaking any work which may disturb or destroy such sites. Records of archaeological and historical places are maintained in the NZ Archaeological Association (NZAA) Site Recording Scheme http://www.archsite.org.nz/ . If a site is found or suspected on any block, the protocols specified in PF Olsen’s EMS, and any others specifically developed in conjunction with HPT and Iwi or other stakeholders, must be observed. Where such circumstances require, an ‘Authority to Modify or Destroy’ will be sought from HPT. Such authorities are similar in function to a resource consent and, if granted, normally come with conditions that must be met. The process to apply for authorities is documented in PF Olsen’s EMS. There are numerous archaeological sites located within and adjacent to the boundaries of this forest estate. Surveys commissioned in recent years have resulted in more exact locations being fixed for many of these sites. The complete list of archaeological sites recorded on the NZ Archaeological site register (including updated locations) and culturally significant sites as published in the Far North District Council Plan are listed in Annex 4 Any sites recorded or found are protected by law under the Historic Places Act. Under the Historic Places Act it is the landowner’s responsibility to identify any historic sites on their land prior to undertaking any work which, may disturb or destroy such sites. If a site is found or suspected on any block, the protocols specified in PF Olsen Ltd’s EMS, and any others specifically developed in conjunction with Heritage New Zealand (Formerly Historic Places Trust ‘HPT’) and Iwi or other stakeholders must be observed and, an “Authority to Modify or Destroy” will be sought from Heritage NZ. Such authorities are similar in function to a resource consent and if granted, normally come with conditions that must be met. Note: Consents to modify a “registered” archaeological site as scheduled in the Far North District Plan also requires resubmission of the Heritage NZ application to the District Council for an additional resource consent from that organisation. Update checks for any sites will be required before any harvesting or related earthworks commences. Checks of the Archsite website show around 100 recorded sites within the Parengarenga forest.

http://www.archsite.org.nz/



Parengarenga Forest

Consents & authorities held

The current resource consents and HPT authorities that apply to Parengarenga forest are listed below. Presently there is just one Archaeological Authority. Table 7: Consents and authorities held

The Emissions Trading Scheme

Forests in New Zealand are governed by rules related to New Zealand’s Kyoto commitments to reduce the nation’s carbon footprint and contribution to associated climate change. Parengarenga forest contains 301.5 hectares of forest that was existing forest as at 31st December 1989. At the time of harvest, these stands will be subject to a deforestation tax equivalent to the tonnes of CO2 projected to be released from decomposition of the forest at a unit financial value determined by the internationally traded emission units. This tax is payable if the forest is not replanted or, if left to regenerate naturally, does not achieve the regulated heights and stocking densities. All young stands represent restocked forest that existing at 32st Dec 1989 and have subsequently been harvested and replanted.

Environmental Code of Practice

All operations carried out on the property should be undertaken to the standards specified in the New Zealand Environmental Code of Practice for Plantation Forestry. This document sets out guidelines which ensure safe and efficient forest operations that meet the requirements of sound and practical environmental management.

Forest Road Engineering Manual

Roading and engineering techniques employed within the forest should conform to the industry best practice as outlined in the New Zealand Forest Owners Association publication, “NZ Forest Road Engineering Manual”, published 2012.

Authority Consent Id Expiry Status Details Type

Historic Places Trust 2014_179 10/09/2018 Current

N02/851, N02/852, N02/836-839,

N02/844, N02/845, N02/848, N02/886 Authority to modify or destroy Arch site



Parengarenga Forest

Other relevant legislation

For a comprehensive list of relevant legislation refer to PF Olsen’s EMS. Forest owners can be held liable for breaches of these Acts and may be held responsible for damage to third party property. Appropriate protection should be taken to minimise these risks. Other relevant legislation includes:

Animal Welfare Act 1999.

Biosecurity Act 1993.

Climate Change Response Act 2002.

Conservation Act 1987.

Crown Forest Assets Act 1989.

Fencing Act 1978.

Forests Act 1949.

Forest and Rural Fires Act 1977.

Forests Amendment Act 1993.

Forestry Rights Registration Act 1983.

Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996.

Health in Safety in Employment Act 1992.

Historic Places Act 1993.

Injury Prevention, Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2001.

New Zealand Forest Accord.

Noxious Plants Act 1978.

Pesticides Act 1979.

Reserves Act 1977.

Resource Management Act 1991.

Soil Conservation and River Control Act 1971.

Trespass Act 1980.

Wildlife Act 1953.

05 / 2014 Forest Estate Description Page 23


Parengarenga Forest

7. Forest Estate Description

Forest area The net stocked areas have been measured from a map produced by

PF Olsen. The estimated net stocked areas of each stand are set out in the following table.

Table 8: Forest area (ha)

Unproductive areas include stocking gaps, roads and tracks, and other

small unplanted areas. Total unproductive area has been derived by subtraction.

Current species The species grown at Parengarenga forest is Pinus radiata (radiata pine). Treestocks established in the forest are summarised in the table in Annex 5. Harvesting has progressed systematically over the forest for the last 14 years. Seedlots for most replanting over that period are known and apart from small areas of GF 19, most are GF25-29.

Species mix Because of the relatively harsh sandy sites, radiata which has proven very

successful in the first rotation has continued to be planted. The species mix of Parengarenga forest is 99.78% radiata with a further 0.2% Cupressus macrocarpa used to form a coastal wind protection barrier and balance odd plantings of Pinus paulustrus.

Productivity indices

The two most common estimators of the productivity of a site are the Site index and 300 index. Site index is a measure of productivity of a site in terms of height growth of radiata pine at age 20. The 300 index is a measure of productivity of a site based on stem volume growth (mean annual increment) of 300 stems per hectare. The site index for Parengarenga forest ranges 25-30 with small portions down to 20-25. The 300 index for Parengarenga forest ranges 17.5 to x20m3/ha/yr.


Gross area Net stocked area

Area awaiting restocking

Reserves Other

5957.6 4777.2 338 557.5 284.9

05 / 2014 Forest Estate Description Page 24


Parengarenga Forest

…continued The local sandy soils, mean annual temperature and wind exposure put productivity at Parengarenga forest in the lower third of site productivity ranges for radiata pine in general and around 30% lower for radiata on better sites in the immediate vicinity. However stiffness and density of the wood is high.

Current crop status

Past and maturing replanted crop are measured at appropriate times through the rotation of the crop in each stand or population of stands. Records of measurement are retained in PF Olsen Ltd’s FIPS stand records system and a summary of the current stand status is listed in Annex 6.

Age class distribution

The age class distribution of Parengarenga forest is illustrated below: Figure 3: Species /age class distribution –Parengarenga forest

05 / 2014 Reserve areas and significant species Page 25


Parengarenga Forest

8. Reserve areas and significant species

Introduction Indigenous biodiversity management in or associated with exotic forests is an essential component of everyday forest management. Although exotic forests can provide a level of biodiversity, the reserve areas are usually the source of most indigenous biodiversity. Rare and threatened species can also be found associated with exotic forests and require special attention for management.

Reserve areas Parengarenga estate contains 555.7ha of protected natural ecosystems. These have been mapped and broadly classified according to protocols established in the PF Olsen EMS to provide rankings relevant to management intentions. The results of the inventory and classification are summarised below to show the major identified landcover associations and their current protective status. The protected ecosystems are shown on Map 3, the Forest Stands Map. Table 9: Protected ecosystems and reserve areas

Sum of Area

Management Plan NZ Forest Accord Passive SNA Grand Total

Erosion Control 274.1 5.2 279.3

Broadleaved Hardwood Shrub&fernland 10.6 10.6

Duneland small leaved colonisers & grasses 64.9 64.9

Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 1.1 5.2 6.3

Uncosolidated foredunes 197.5 197.5

Riparian Ecosystem 37.1 70.1 0.4 22.2 129.8

Adventive and exotic weeds & grasses 4.4 4.4

Broadleaved Hardwood Shrub&fernland 3.5 0.4 3.9

Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 29.2 70.1 22.2 121.5

Terrestrial Ecosystem 0.1 40.6 0.3 41

Duneland small leaved colonisers & grasses 0.1 0.1

Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 40.6 40.6

Warm lowland softwoods hardwoods 0.3 0.3

Wetland Ecosystem 2.9 102.7 105.6

Leptospermum/coprosma/flax wetland 2.1 26.2 28.3

Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 63.5 63.5

Semi-wetland Sedge & fernlands 0.8 13 13.8

Grand Total 314.2 115.9 0.4 125.2 555.7



Parengarenga Forest

Ecosystem types The most common vegetation type within Parengareng forest is a mixed Kanuka/Manuka forest type with varying degrees of broadleaved hardwood and fern understory developing within. A very large secondary system is the unconsolidated foredunes with both marram grass and Pingau present over otherwise unconsolidated sands. Wetland ecotonal systems also form important components of the otherwise relatively simple vegetation associations. Figure 4: Vegetation types within protected ecosystems

Protective status The system used to classify ecosystems is based on multiplicative ranking of representativeness, rarity/special features, buffering/connectivity, size, habitat and visual values. The overall score places the area into ‘special’, ‘full’, ‘limited’ or ‘passive’ protection categories. ‘Special’ implies that the area may warrant specific investment in restoration. From the figure above, it is evident that the most predominant ecosystem types in this class are the dunelands followed by the wetland margins and their draining stream margins. These areas have been identified as High Conservation Value Forests (HCVFs).

High Conservation Value Forests

FSC forest management standards include several requirements for managing critically important forest areas, known as High Conservation Value Forests (HCVFs). These HCVFs have an especially high ecological or social value, as defined by several specific FSC criteria. There are 314.2ha within Parangarenga forest that fall within the ‘special’ protection category and have been identified as meeting one or more HCVF

criteria. These areas are summarised in Table 7.



Parengarenga Forest

Figure 5: Protected ecosystems by function and category

Table 10: High conservation value areas and their function and class.

Riparian reserves A standardised GIS-based stream classification system has been developed specifically for PF Olsen, based on NIWA’s River Environment Classification (REC) and Freshwater Environments of New Zealand (FWENZ) models. Categorisation of each stream reach is done by the physical characteristics of the particular reach, e.g. underlying geology, streambed slope, climate, and reach order. Each stream category corresponds with a set of rules in the EMS that apply to operations occurring near the riparian reserve. The stream categories within Parengarenga forest are summarised below: Table 11: Riparian reserve categories

Category code Category name Total length (m) MLWH SLWH VLWH

Med_Low_Wet_Hard Small_Low_Wet_Hard

VSmall_Low_Wet_Hard

10,723 19,932 43,890

Total forest stream length (km): 75

Function HCV Area (Ha)

Erosion Control HCV 4.2 197.5

Riparian Ecosystems HCV 3 22.2

Wetland Ecosystems HCV 3 94.5

314.2Total:



Parengarenga Forest

Rare and threatened species

The Aupouri Ecological District Survey referenced above also noted a

number of species that are listed under the NZ Threat classification

systems. Additional sightings outside of that survey have also been

recorded.

Most but not all of these species are closely associated with the wetlands

and their seral ecotones. As such their habitats are protected.

However species such as Pseudopanax ferox occur within plantation

margins. Further while not threat classified, there are miniscule patches

of vegetation such as Pohutukawa that have survived the past sand

inundations and thrive within the buffered climate of the plantation

forest.

Management implications for these species are discussed in Section 14

Table 12: Rare species sightings

Sightings Report of Fauna on Estates Managed by P F Olsen Ltd period 1/10/1994 TO 2/06/2014

Local Govt District ForestCode SpeciesDesc ThreatClassDesc Number DateSeen Comments

Far North PAAB Long Tailed Bat (North Is) Nationally Vulnerable 1 30/04/2009



Far North PAAB Dwarf Inanga Naturally UncommonPresent 30/04/2009

Far North PAAB Fern Bird Declining 1 1/01/2005




Far North PAAB Spotless Crake Relict 1 30/04/2009



Far North PAAB Dabchick Nationally Vulnerable 1 30/04/2009

Far North PAAB Dabchick Nationally Vulnerable 1 1/01/1996

Far North PAAB Bittern Nationally Endangered 1 1/01/2005

Far North PAAB Long finned eel Declining 1 30/04/2009


Far North PAAB Australaisian Little Grebe Coloniser 1 30/04/2009

Far North PAAB Pimelea villosa Declining Present 30/04/2009

Far North PAAB Coprosma acerosa Declining Present 30/04/2009

Far North PAAB Kunzea ericoides (var linearis)Declining Present 30/04/2009


Far North PAAB Australaisian Little Grebe Coloniser 1 30/04/2009

Far North PAAB Pimelea villosa Declining Present 30/04/2009

Far North PAAB Coprosma acerosa Declining Present 30/04/2009




Far North PAAB Kunzea ericoides (var linearis)Declining 1 30/04/2009












Parengarenga Forest

CITES species CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) is an international agreement between governments. Its aim is to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten the survival of the species in the wild, and it accords varying degrees of protection to more than 34,000 species of animals and plants. The full list of New Zealand CITES listed species are available in the EMS, or online at http://www.doc.govt.nz/about-doc/role/international/endangered-species/cites-species/nz-cites-listed-species/ .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species

http://www.doc.govt.nz/about-doc/role/international/endangered-species/cites-species/nz-cites-listed-species/



05 / 2014 Map 2 - Forest Stands Map Page 30


Parengarenga Forest

Map 2 - Forest Stands Map

05 / 2014 Map 3 - Forest Protected Areas Map Page 31


Parengarenga Forest

Map 3 - Forest Protected Areas Map

05 / 2014 Forest Products and Other Special Values Page 32


Parengarenga Forest

9. Forest Products and Other Special Values

Introduction Forest plantations can provide non-timber forest products and special values that enhance the economic wellbeing of the owner or legitimate forest users. Non-timber products are an important means of maximising the production capacity of the forest whilst maintaining environmental and social values. The forest management plan provides procedures for developing and managing these resources.

Environmental and Social cost-benefit analysis

Forests can deliver numerous social and environmental products, both positive and negative to varying degrees. These non-timber products can be difficult to quantify, unlike financial costs and benefits. The table below rates the relative positivity and negativity of the more common social and environmental products produced by Parengarenga forest relative to the most likely alternative primary production system, pastoral drystock farming.

Table 13: Environmental and social cost-benefit analysis

Environmental or social product Increasingly negative Neutral Increasingly positive

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5

Soil stabilisation

Erosion/soil loss HP MR

Water quality HP MR

Riparian shading HP MR

Water quantity MR HP

Carbon sequestration

Native wildlife habitat HP

Threatened fauna HP

Native fish

Air quality HP MR

Native reserve protection

Landscape/visual HP MR

Recreation

Commercial forest use

Firewood HP

Local employment MR HP

NB: where the ratings differ throughout a rotation, ‘MR’ is used to indicate the mid rotation (growing) stage of the forest, and ‘HP’ refers to during or post-harvest

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Parengarenga Forest

Non-timber forest products

Presently there are no non-timber products being produced or developed in Parengarenga forest estate. PF Olsen Ltd’s forest management systems include provision for tracking forest use and other product extraction should it be developed.

Other special values

The following special values have also been identified in Parengarenga forest:

Areas of Cultural Significance - Nine areas of cultural significance to Tangata Whenua have been identified through the RMA planning process as falling within or immediately adjacent to the estate. These sites are recorded in GIS mapping and related databases and will present when operational maps are being prepared, thus alerting managers to the presence and need to consult specifically in relation to activities near these sites.

Dunelands - The large areas of foredunes running the length of the coastal marine area of the forest lands is a sensitive area abutting the tidal zone that is and area of significant public recreational activity. The tidal zone is used for fishing, trekking, & recreational driving as well as tourism. Management will work cooperatively with wider community strategies to maintain and protect the values of the dunes area.

Recreational usage

Parengarenga forest receives some recreational demand from the wider public. Other than private whanau usage and travel through the forest to gain access to the beaches, recreational use is limited. During consultation, the local hunting club expressed an interest in being granted access rights under responsible hunting codes for hunting of game birds if such could be negotiated with the landowners. They also indicated a preparedness to assist in pest control programmes. The forest will continue to be open for legitimate use subject to entry by permit. There are no formal nor informal but legal public accessways or routes recorded for use by the general public on the Walking Access NZ website. http://wams.org.nz/wams_desktop/index.aspx

http://wams.org.nz/wams_desktop/index.aspx

05 / 2014 Environmental Risk Management Page 34


Parengarenga Forest

10. Environmental Risk Management

Assessment of environmental risks

Several areas of typical forest management have been identified as posing a possible environmental risk within Parengarenga forest. The Environmental Assessment Matrix below summarises the identified risks for Parengarenga forest. The level of risk has been evaluated in the matrix as high ‘H’ or low ‘L’, or not applicable ‘NA’. Prior to operations such as clearfelling, land preparation and production thinning, an assessment is undertaken to quantify the risk involved in carrying out the particular operation, and steps are implemented to manage the risks.

Forestry Operational Activities

ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES/ISSUES

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Harvesting L M M NA L M L H M M L M

Earthworks M M L NA L L L H L L L L

Slash Management L L L NA L L L L L L L L

Stream Crossings H H L NA H L L L L L L H

Mechanical Land Preparation

L M L NA L M L H M L L M

Burning L L M H M M L L H H L H

Planting L L L L L L L H M L L L

Tending L L L L L L L na L L L L

Fertiliser Application L H L L H M L M L L L L

Agrichemical Use L H L M H L H M L H H H

Oil & Fuel Management L H L L H L L M L H L M

Waste Management L L L L M L L M M M L M

Forest Protection L M L L L M L M L L L L

05 / 2014 Environmental Risk Management Page 35


Parengarenga Forest

Hazardous substances management

Hazardous substances are any substances, which may cause adverse environmental impacts and/or injury or health problems if incorrectly handled or used. The hazardous materials which may be used within Parengarenga forest are:

Pesticides;

Fuels and oils;

Fire retardants;

Surfactants.

Transportation, storage and labelling of these hazardous materials must all comply with the provisions of the Health and Safety Manual, which is maintained under ISO 9001 certification and incorporate legislative controls under EPA and NZS 8409:2004 Management of Agrichemicals code of practice. Furthermore, the forest manager is committed to reducing the use of hazardous substances as much as possible. This involves use of alternative methods for the control of weeds, pests and diseases where these are effective and efficient. The use of fuels and oils is minimised where possible. Fire retardants are only used when required and surfactants are only used to make more efficient use of specific herbicides.

FSC highly hazardous chemicals

There are four agrichemicals that have been classified ‘highly hazardous’ by FSC that are used in forestry and conservation operations within PF Olsen certified forests. Special derogations to continue usage subject to conditions are maintained by PF Olsen. Table 14: Highly hazardous chemicals used by PF Olsen Ltd

Active ingredient Purpose Common usage

Terbuthylazine Gorse and grass

control to aid

establishment

Once/twice per rotation

Hexazinone Bracken, grass,

pampas and

blackberry

Some specific sites

Sodium cyanide Possum control (ground-based)

Rare

Sodium Monofluoroacetate

(1080) Possum control

Rare; usually by Animal Health Board

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Parengarenga Forest

11. Commercial Crop Establishment and Silvicultural Operations

Introduction Forest operations are implemented to ensure a good quality crop and maximum growth. These operations include land preparation, establishment, weed control, pest and disease control, fire protection, pruning and thinning, and general property asset maintenance.

Crop species In Parengarenga forest, the main crop species grown is Radiata pine. This species has been chosen to best meet the management objectives set out above and in section 2 given the characteristics of the forest land as described in section 7. Radiata pine, when intensively managed, will produce a range of different log types suitable for various processing options. The pruned butt log can be used to make knot-free veneer or decorative timber. The unpruned logs can be used for structural timber, for veneer or for feedstock for fingerjointing. The small logs and those with defects and excessive knots can be used for pulp and paper, MDF and other reconstituted wood products such as tri-board and particle board. Radiata pine is the most common species processed in New Zealand and export markets are well developed for both finished products and logs. In New Zealand radiata pine is also the main focus in terms of research and development. Past research and development has resulted in improvements in growth, form and wood characteristics as well as development of a range of finished products, building codes and timber standards. A narrow buffer of Macrocarpa (Cupressus macrocarpa) has been planted on the western seaward boundary of the forest to provide a wind shelter for the inland radiata crop. This species has not been considered for any other purpose than for the salt resistant wind shelter it provides. Other species are not considered commercially viable in the phosphate and nitrogen deficient sands that underlie the forest.

Establishment There is a further 624 hectares or re-establishment planned at Parengarenga forest during the period of this management plan. The programme will involve 286ha of recently clearfelled land followed by a further 338ha to be harvested and restocked before the end of the lease with Crown Forestry in 2015. Under the respective lease variations for both the Parengarenga leases, Crown Forestry re-establishes stands post harvesting.




Parengarenga Forest

…continued The present re-establishment regime involves:

Crushing or line raking felling debris/waste (where necessary) to enable planting access.

Line ripping of compacted skid sites.

Aerial spraying of weeds (including naturally regenerated pines).

Oversowing with various species of legumes to facilitate nitrogen fixing.

Planting with potted, genetically improved radiate seedlings at 1,000 stems per hectare.

Fertilising each seedling at time of planting with a fertiliser tablet.

Spot releasing where necessary to eliminate competition from weeds. Replanting, which is important for maintaining the soil stabilisation functions of the forests, will follow harvesting as it occurs with only minor deviations for seasonal or operational reasons and boundary rationalisation. Re-establishment will aim to use high quality improved genetics treestocks (usually potted stock) suitable for the site and market.

Pre-establishment forest flora and fauna

Prior to re-establishment of the tree crop, a review will be conducted to identify whether there are any rare, threatened or endangered species of flora or fauna within the area to be planted and what, if any, adjustments in planning may be required. This may include the extension of an existing wildlife corridor or riparian area by increasing setbacks at the time of crop replanting. A plantation crop is likely to confer beneficial habitat buffering rather than cause adverse effects. These considerations are covered by the afforestation checklist and riparian rules contained within the EMS.

Tending

The Parengarenga estate has been subject to a variety of regimes based upon site productivity, exposure, anticipated markets and primary management objectives. Future regimes will depend on assessments of market opportunities and site factors at the time. However, the small branched, straight form of trees induced by low soil fertility and higher stockings in combination with the high stiffness quality of the logs, the demand for such logs and the lack of proximate markets for clearwood continue to indicate that structurally oriented silviculture remains the current preferred strategy. This involves;

Age 0yrs Plant 1000 stems/ha

Age 9-12yrs MC height 14-15m

Thin to final crop 350-400 stems/ha



Parengarenga Forest

Tree nutrition

The soils in the forests are marginal in respect of nutrient status for healthy tree growth. The most common nutrient deficiencies are:

Nitrogen – Generally significantly deficient in the west coast sands in the North Island. Nitrogen has traditionally been supplied by natural inputs from N fixing lupin. Following the species becoming vulnerable to attack from Lupin Blight, Collettrichum gloeosporioides, new blight resistant cultivars, 'Forest cover' and 'Aupouri', (pink and blue lupin) were developed and are now used.

Phosphate – Phosphate is also low in these forests especially close to the coast and must be monitored. Phosphate is applied as necessary in the form of low solubility Rock Phosphate.

Magnesium – Magnesium deficiency is associated with the phenomenon known as mid crown yellowing where the middle of the tree crowns turn a yellow colour. Heavily pruned trees and some seedlots are more predisposed to the deficiency than others. It is not normally a problem in these forests

Boron – Boron deficient trees can suffer dieback from the terminal buds and this symptom is closely associated with moisture stress and drought. It is not normally a problem in these forests.

Copper – there are some signs of copper deficiency in second rotation crops, this is being monitored

Foliar samples will be taken if nutrient deficiency symptoms are seen or expected. Fertiliser will only be applied if the health and the growth of the trees are significantly affected and or where economic analysis demonstrates a benefit.

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Parengarenga Forest

12. Forest Inventory, Mapping and Forest Records

Inventory Forest growth and development is monitored through forest inventory. Forest inventories providing stand information are required at different times and for different reasons throughout the life of the rotation. PF Olsen have procedures for each of the following four types of inventory to be applied on Parengarenga forest:

Pre-assessment: for silviculture rate setting and validating operational timing vs silvicultural targets;

Quality control: to check contractor’s performance and update stand records;

Mid crop: to collect measurement inputs for growth modelling;

Pre-harvest: to obtain estimates of recovery by log grade.

Mapping Digital mapping of Parengarenga forest currently exists, but will require updating from time to time as the forest changes. The digital data is retained, processed and managed on PF Olsen’s GIS (Geographic Information System) to an accuracy fit for purpose. Stands are remapped from new aerial photography around age four (when the trees are visible on aerial photography) to accurately determine boundaries and areas and around two years prior to harvesting to assist with harvest planning.

Forest records Forest records are essential in monitoring the forest operations by providing a historic perspective to the physical condition of each stand.

Parengarenga forest records are maintained on PF Olsen’s FIPS system (Forest Information and Planning System). These record systems allow for fast retrieval of information, production of reports and statistics and provide a comprehensive audit trail. Forest records are essential to understand the status and condition of forest stands, reserves, and important fauna species as well as the retention of inventory data and operation monitoring data. Forest inventory records are summarised in Annex 8

05 / 2014 Harvesting Strategy and Operations Page 40


Parengarenga Forest

13. Harvesting Strategy and Operations

Harvesting strategy As a plantation with a non-normalised age-class structure, the harvesting

strategy employed at Parengarenga forest is to harvest the forest or constituent stands as close as possible to the optimum economic age as practical. This is the age at which the growth in volume and improvement in quality is offset by the cost to maintain the forest for another year. The optimum rotation length (for radiata pine) is expected to be within 25 to 30 years (this may be less for framing or unpruned stands). For the remaining programme in Parengarenga the proposed harvest will be approximately 100,000 t/annum at an average age of about 27 years

Getting harvest ready

Forward planning is essential when considering harvesting activities. Harvest planning should ideally commence 2 years before harvesting to enable roading infrastructure to be developed and any resource consents, archaeological surveys, etc. to be undertaken. This reduces the chance of hold-ups to the commencement of harvesting, which can be costly when log prices are fluctuating. Harvest planning is conducted within a detailed structured framework controlled within the PF Olsen FIPS system. In the case of Parengarenga however the forward planning is essentially completed to take the forest through to the completion of final first rotation harvest in 2015. Harvesting operations will be undertaken by contractor and supervised by the forest manager.

05 / 2014 Property Management and Protection Page 41


Parengarenga Forest

14. Property Management and Protection

Statutory pest obligations

Pest management within Parengarenga Forest is subject to statutory obligations under the Regional Pest Management Strategy (RPMS) administered by the Northland Regional Council. The Strategy applies to both pest plants and animals and categorises them in terms of management objectives. The categories and landowner obligations are summarised in the table below. Table 15: Statutory pest regulations

Pest Category Plant pest objectives Animal Pest Objectives

Eradication pests that are present in low numbers or a limited distribution within the Northland region, and have the potential to have serious negative impacts on the community or the environment. The intention is to remove all individuals of these pests from the region, and eliminate the possibility of any further reproduction or propagation within the region.

Pests that are present in low numbers or have a limited distribution within the Northland region, and have the potential to have serious negative impacts on the community or the environment. The intention is to remove these pests from the region, and eliminate the possibility of any further reproduction.

Exclusion potential pests which are not known to have established in Northland or that have previously established and all known sites have been eradicated. These plant pests all have the potential to establish in the region, and are capable of causing adverse effects.

Pests which are not known to have established in Northland or have previously established and have been eradicated. These animal pests all have the potential to establish in the region, and are capable of causing adverse effects. The intention of the Strategy is to prevent these animal pests from entering and establishing in Northland over the life of the Strategy.

Containment Pests that are established in the region but are not widespread. These plant pests are present in the region at numbers and distributions that mean eradication is not possible or cost effective. The intention is to prevent the spread of these species beyond a defined containment area.

Pests that are established in the region but are not widespread. These animal pests are present in the region at numbers and distributions that mean eradication is not possible or cost effective. The intention is to prevent the spread of these species beyond a defined containment area.



Parengarenga Forest

Suppression Suppression plants are plant pests that are widespread in suitable habitat throughout the region. The intention is to reduce pest densities so that impacts on the community and the environment are decreased.

Pests that are widespread in suitable habitat throughout the region. The intention is to reduce pest densities so that impacts on the community and the environment are decreased.

Forest Landowner Obligations

Eradication Eradication of infestations of the eradication plant pests will be attempted by the NRC and their contractors or, by other agencies if practicable. Immediately report the sighting to the NRC.

Feral deer are eradicated under the Northland Wild Deer Eradication programme. Control is undertaken by the contract deer control team managed by the DoC.

Exclusion(plants) or total control (animals)

Eradication of infestations of the exclusion plant pests will be attempted by the NRC in conjunction with relevant Crown agencies and stakeholders, where practicable.

Eradication of infestations of orfe, rook or wallaby will beattempted by the NRC and their contractors or, with agreement, by other agencies if practicable.

Containment See plan rules for specific plant. NRC will respond to reports of new populations of the containment animals and attempt control programmes, where feasible. NRC will assist communities and stakeholders to control the containment animals where they impact upon local values.

Supression The requirements for occupier control differ, and are clearly specified in the rules for each species.

NRC will assist communities and stakeholders to control the suppression animals where they impact upon local values.

Full details of classifications and obligations are listed in sections 4 & 5 of the Pest Management Strategy. http://www.nrc.govt.nz/Resource-Library-Summary/Plans-and-Policies/Pest-management/Northland-Pest-Management-Strategies/ The full list of plant and animal pest species are contained in Annex 8

http://www.nrc.govt.nz/Resource-Library-Summary/Plans-and-Policies/Pest-management/Northland-Pest-Management-Strategies/

http://www.nrc.govt.nz/Resource-Library-Summary/Plans-and-Policies/Pest-management/Northland-Pest-Management-Strategies/



Parengarenga Forest

Pest control The PF Olsen Integrated Pest Management provides guidance on application and execution of the PF Olsen Ltd Environmental Management System (EMS) for pest control and chemical use. The main animal pest in Parengarenga Forest is the introduced possum. Possums attack attack the growing tips of both plantation and native trees (especially remnant Pohutukawa), causing stem malformation and die back. In native vegetation, possum through their preferential diet habits will, over extended periods, force a species composition shift in protected ecosystems as preferred species are repeatedly eaten out and less preferred species gain greater dominance. Possums are also a threat to neighbouring property owners who are farmers as they can carry and spread tuberculosis to domestic stock. Rabbits and hares; which can eat/nip the top off newly planted trees. Cats; Wild cats are known to frequent areas in the vicinity of these forests and pose a significant threat to the fauna present particularly those breading in wetlands areas. Possum rabbit and hare numbers have been traditionally monitored for their commercial impact and control actions taken as required. A more formalised approach will be required to address populations, including cats, around key protected ecosystems. Wild horses; which, when numbers build, can physically damage small trees through trampling or if large herds are traversing dunelands or protected ecosystems, especially wetland margins, could damage fragile plant systems or kill or disturb rare fauna. The situation with horses is sensitive and a concern to DoC. Traditionally these have not caused unacceptable commercial damage. However if evidence proves unacceptable damage is occurring to natural systems, a community based response coordinated with iwi, DoC, neighbours and others might be envisaged. Animal pests in Parengarenga Forest will be controlled using ground control methods as required, which prevent impacts on non-target species. The forest manager will coordinate operations with organisations such as the Regional Council and the Department of Conservation to achieve effective and efficient control with in the forest area and on neighbouring land, where required. Pre plant pest control operations are undertaken to reduce pest numbers across the board in areas being readied for or recently replanted.




Parengarenga Forest

…continued The main plant pests within the forest include: Pampas; present at low densities throughout the forest pampas does not generally thrive in the nitrogen and light deficient environments within the forest canopy. However, in exposed post harvest areas, around tracks and reserve margins, particularly the dryer margins of wetlands and where open conditions, soil disturbance or invasion due to higher organic soils is a greater risk, monitoring and periodic control is to be undertaken. It is a ‘suppression’ status plant under the RPMS. Gorse; Is present in low densities in parts of the forest but is easily dispersed through earthworks and skidding machinery. It is desirable to eliminate new outbreaks and contain existing sites. It is a ‘suppression’ status plant under the RPMS. Wattle and woolly nightshade; While not specifically recognised in the Regional Pest Management Plan, Acacia longifolia (also known as Racosperma longifolia Sydney Golden Wattle) is an aggressive competitor in parts of the re-established plantation and is also a potential serious competitor in parts of some protected ecosystems. Efforts must be directed at removing any spot outbreaks of this species adjacent to the high value protected ecosystems and to control existing populations to within the current range. Also present but less aggressive is Paraserianthes lophantha (Brush Wattle). Containment to current boundaries is desirable. Woolly nightshade is also an aggressive site competitor during establishment and being allopathic will suppress competition from other plants that might otherwise overtake it.

Disease control Diseases, which can affect the forest trees and adjacent native vegetation, are monitored throughout the year by the forest manager, and once a year by a professional independent forest health assessor. Most diseases cause little damage and do not require control. The exception is Dothistroma, a fungus which attacks pine needles. This fungus is controlled using a copper-based fungicide, but only when the infection reaches a critical level. Dothistroma infection can also be controlled though silviculture by timely thinning and pruning operations, which increases air movement and lowers humidity levels. There is Dothistroma control carried out at present in Parengarenga forest as and when required.



Parengarenga Forest

Protected ecosystems, reserves and species

PF Olsen’s Conservation and Ecology Manual provides detailed guidance and specification on the application and execution of ecological management targets and actions, as are broadly laid out in the Environmental Management System (EMS). Programs for ecological management are specified and monitored in FIPS Ecological Management module. The full list of protected ecosystems is listed below. While protection from operational damage and other influences is afforded all areas, in accordance with the EMS and the ecological rankings pertaining to each area, only those with a ‘full’ and ‘special’ ranking will be prioritised for more active interventions. Table 16: Protected ecosystems in Parengarenga forest

For each of the ‘full’ or ‘special’ classes of protected ecosystem, certain actions have been programmed to monitor, maintain or improve the ecological health and status of those areas. A summary of the basic actions being undertaken or proposed is listed in the table below. The primary themes of activity relate to pest weed control, pest animal control, wilding pine removal and basic monitoring. These actions, combined with sensitive harvest management around boundaries and the maintenance of buffers are also expected to provide basic levels of protection for the rarer species that utilise parts of the forest.

Forest GeoUnit Area ProtectiveStatusProtectiveFunctionHSV Status ForestTypeDesc Ranking ProtectionParengarenga A PAAB-WETL-03 23.1 SNA Wetland Ecosystem HCV3 Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 131072 Special

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-04 18 SNA Wetland Ecosystem HCV3 Leptospermum/coprosma/flax wetland 131072 Special

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-11 22.2 SNA Riparian Ecosystem HCV3 Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 65536 Special

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-01 40.4 SNA Wetland Ecosystem HCV3 Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 65536 Special

Parengarenga A PAAB-WETL-01 13 SNA Wetland Ecosystem HCV3 Semi-wetland Sedge & fernlands 65536 Special

Parengarenga A PAAB-DUNE-01 197.5 Management Plan Erosion Control HCV4.2 Uncosolidated foredunes 32768 Special

Parengarenga A PAAB-WETL-02 3.2 SNA Wetland Ecosystem No Status Leptospermum/coprosma/flax wetland 16384 Special

Parengarenga A PAAB-SCRB-01 64.9 Management Plan Erosion Control No Status Duneland small leaved colonisers & grasses 16384 Special

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-06 5 SNA Wetland Ecosystem No Status Leptospermum/coprosma/flax wetland 8192 Full

Parengarenga A PAAB-BRDI-01 0.3 SNA Terrestrial Ecosystem No Status Warm lowland softwoods hardwoods 8192 Full

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-12 21.8 NZ Forest Accord Riparian Ecosystem No Status Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 2048 Limited

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-05 33.4 NZ Forest Accord Terrestrial Ecosystem No Status Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 2048 Limited

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-14 29.2 Management Plan Riparian Ecosystem No Status Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 2048 Limited

Parengarenga A PAAB-DUNE-02 0.1 Management Plan Terrestrial Ecosystem No Status Duneland small leaved colonisers & grasses 2048 Limited

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-10 43.3 NZ Forest Accord Riparian Ecosystem No Status Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 512 Limited

Parengarenga A PAAB-WETL-04 0.5 Management Plan Wetland Ecosystem No Status Semi-wetland Sedge & fernlands 512 Limited

Parengarenga A PAAB-WETL-05 0.2 Management Plan Wetland Ecosystem No Status Semi-wetland Sedge & fernlands 512 Limited

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-13 5 NZ Forest Accord Riparian Ecosystem No Status Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 256 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-BRDI-08 7.8 Management Plan Erosion Control No Status Broadleaved Hardwood Shrub&fernland 256 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-DEPG-01 4.4 Management Plan Riparian Ecosystem No Status Adventive and exotic weeds & grasses 256 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-09 2.1 Management Plan Wetland Ecosystem No Status Leptospermum/coprosma/flax wetland 128 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-BRDI-02 3.5 Management Plan Riparian Ecosystem No Status Broadleaved Hardwood Shrub&fernland 32 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-03 7.2 NZ Forest Accord Terrestrial Ecosystem No Status Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 32 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-BRDI-03 0.4 Passive Riparian Ecosystem No Status Broadleaved Hardwood Shrub&fernland 16 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-07 5.2 NZ Forest Accord Erosion Control No Status Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 16 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-08 1.1 Management Plan Erosion Control No Status Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW 16 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-WETL-06 0.1 Management Plan Wetland Ecosystem No Status Semi-wetland Sedge & fernlands 16 Passive

Parengarenga A PAAB-FERN-03 2.8 Management Plan Erosion Control No Status Broadleaved Hardwood Shrub&fernland 8 Passive



Parengarenga Forest

Continued on next page... …continued Monitoring for bats has been undertaken in some key potential habitat

areas, but with none found so far. Actions are scheduled into the FIPs records management system and completion and outcomes recorded.

Table 17: Summary of ecological management interventions

Ecological equivalence

Parengarenga Forest is a large forest as defined under the FSC New Zealand Standard. By these definitions the forest must have 5% of its area under protection and the FSC estates within the Group Scheme must in aggregate also achieve a level of 10% of the certified estate within each Ecological District also under protection. Where such thresholds cannot be met, there are other mechanisms generally termed ‘ecological equivalence actions’ that can be undertaken to meet the standard. In the case of Parengarenga, the forest meets the threshold reserve levels internally.

>1000 ha

(L) <1000 ha (SLIMF)

Forest Size √ -

Meets 5% internal threshold Y -

10% Ecological District Requirement

- Met within forest Y -

- Met within eco district - -

- Met by eco distri ct adjacency eco equivalence effort. - -

- Met by eco region adjacency eco equivalence effort. - -

Forest GeoUnit Area ProtectiveStatusProtectiveFunctionHSV Status ForestTypeDesc Protection Objective ActionParengarenga A PAAB-WETL-03 23.1 SNA Wetland Ecosystem HCV3 Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW Special Pest Animal Ground Poison

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-04 18 SNA Wetland Ecosystem HCV3 Leptospermum/coprosma/flax wetlandSpecial Pest Animal Ground Poison

Eco Monit Photopoint

Pest Plant Spray

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-11 22.2 SNA Riparian Ecosystem HCV3 Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW Special Eco Monit Photopoint

Pest Plant wilding fell

Pest Plant Spray

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-01 40.4 SNA Wetland Ecosystem HCV3 Manuka/kanuka/BroadleavedHW Special Pest Plant Spray

Pest Animal Ground Poison

Parengarenga A PAAB-WETL-01 13 SNA Wetland Ecosystem HCV3 Semi-wetland Sedge & fernlands Special pest plant wilding fell

Pest Plant spray

Parengarenga A PAAB-DUNE-01 197.5 Management Plan Erosion Control HCV4.2 Uncosolidated foredunes Special Eco Monit Exclusion Plot

Eco Monit Photopoint

Parengarenga A PAAB-WETL-02 3.2 SNA Wetland Ecosystem No Status Leptospermum/coprosma/flax wetlandSpecial Pest Plant Walkthrough chk


Parengarenga A PAAB-SCRB-01 64.9 Management Plan Erosion Control No Status Duneland small leaved colonisers & grassesSpecial Eco Monit Walkthrough chk

Parengarenga A PAAB-LEPT-06 5 SNA Wetland Ecosystem No Status Leptospermum/coprosma/flax wetlandFull Eco Monit Photopoint


Pest Plant Spray

Buffer Extn wilding fell

R &T Species Bat monitor

Parengarenga A PAAB-BRDI-01 0.3 SNA Terrestrial Ecosystem No Status Warm lowland softwoods hardwoods Full Eco Monit Photopoint




Parengarenga Forest

Fire prevention and control

With the weather patterns normally experienced in New Zealand during the period late spring/summer, fire can be a real threat to the forest. This can be minimised by:

1. Having an effective fire plan;

2. Active prevention measures which include restrictions on allowable access, fire prevention signage, publicity when fire danger prevails, access to adequate water sources, constructing and maintaining firebreaks, and selective forest grazing to reduce fuel within stands;

3. Effective detection systems which includes good communication systems, mapping, and fire plan alert procedures;

4. A close link with the relevant fire authorities, and an understanding of equipment and trained manpower requirements, and

5. Good forest management that recognises the influence of terrain, roading network and accessibility, and fuel build-up from silvicultural practice, that will influence fire prevention and control measures.

Fire authority responsibilities

The legal responsibility for fighting forest fires lies with the respective territorial land authorities where the forest is situated. In the case of Parengarenga forest the Rural Fire Authority (RFA) is the Northern Rural Fire Authority (NRFA).

In the event of a fire that starts within the forest, the RFA is responsible for attending and providing the resources to extinguish the fire. Where a fire starts outside the forested area and moves into the forest, the RFA has recourse to the Rural Fire Fighting Fund to compensate for fire fighting costs. There is a close liaison with the RFA in terms of developing the ‘fire plan’ and the maintenance of good communication relative to potential risks and fire danger ratings.

Fire insurance With regard to the location of the forest and the high public activity around the fringes, there will always be the potential for fire. If a fire originates within the forest, the owners will ultimately be liable for suppression costs. A major fire may cost many thousands of dollars to extinguish, with the main costs being the use of heavy machinery, helicopters, and manpower. Insurance for Parengarenga forest is held by Parengarenga Incorporation. The current extent of cover is:

Fire fighting cover (the costs of fire suppression) of $8 million dollars.




Parengarenga Forest

…continued CROWN FORESTRY does not insure its crop, however the Parengarenga-A Incorporation maintains crop insurance relevant to the size of the particular estates and reestablishment cover. The parties will liaise closely with the forest manager at the time of fire insurance renewals to ensure premiums are current and appropriate. Cover for the crop value and re-establishment costs are retained based on a recognised crop valuation, but reviewed on an annual basis.

Public liability insurance

PF Olsen also maintains Public Liability and Third Party Vehicle cover to indemnify against unforeseen adverse activity both within the forest area and adjoining land tenure.

05 / 2014 Monitoring Page 49


Parengarenga Forest

15. Monitoring

Introduction To ensure that the management objectives identified in this plan are being achieved, various monitoring exercises outside normal operations management have been developed. Monitoring results are summarised and reported to THE PARENGARENGA FOREST OWNERS as and when required and are also, where appropriate, made publicly available through the PF Olsen webpage.

Values monitored Management inspections are completed regularly during operations and periodically between times to monitor all aspects of the forest growth, health and conditions. The findings of the inspections are detailed and, where appropriate, summarised on the PF Olsen FSC website. The full monitoring framework implemented and applicable to Parengarenga forest is tabulated below.

Environmental Process Monitoring Framework Monitored

Element Include

Components Data Source Data medium

Reporting / Website frequency

Chemical usage

A.I usage/ Area overuse operations supervisors

FIPS

Form

On demand / annual

Consultation activity

Complaints operations supervisors & planners

Form

Annual / annual

Environmental incidents

Incident number

/ categories

operations supervisors

FIPS

Form

On demand / annual

Flora & fauna Species & Status frequencies/ new finds

operations supervisors, public, crews

FIPS

Form

Annual / annual

Forest estate structure

Area (plantation & Protected ecosystem)/ age-class/ species/forest type/protection status

management plans/stand records

FIPS stand records

On demand / annual

Forest growth PSP protocols / periodic inventory. ISO 9001

contractors To be established

Periodic-annual – not on web

Forest health Disease & health National Forest surveillance program4

document Periodic-annual – not on web


4 Forest health inspections are undertaken annually, by an independent specialist forest health assessor,

through the NZ Forest Owners Association forest health scheme.

05 / 2014 Monitoring Page 50


Parengarenga Forest

...continued

FSC membership

Block/ location/name FIPS register FIPS client database

On demand / annual

Health and safety

statistics

LTI / accidents & incidents.


FIPS Monthly/ annual

Internal Audit CAR activity

Frequency * category Auditors/ees FIPS Form

Annual / annual

Log production

Total logs/ FSC markets log dockets Woodtrack On demand / annual

Operational monitoring

Audit trends/cause analysis


FIPS Form

Monthly / annual

Pests RTC / kill returns or other

supervisors /contractors

To be established

Annual where relevant

Protected ecosystem condition

Condition trends/photopoint monitoring

Contractors/ supervisors

To be established

Bi-annual if restoration initiated

High Conservation Value forests

Condition trends/photopoint monitoring

Contractors/ supervisors

To be established

Bi-annual if restoration initiated

Recreational & non-timber

Permits issued branch offices / forest security

FIPS Form

Annual / annual

Resource consents

Number/compliance operations planners FIPS 6 monthly / annual

Stream monitoring

NA Clarity +/- other specific supervisors /contractors

Spreadsheet Monthly / annual where relevant

Environmental training

Courses, numbers, names

Staff FIPS Form

Annual/as relevant

Client satisfaction

Post-operation client survey

clients Survey form Post-operational /annual

Social survey Demographics, values, work conditions

contractors Survey form 5 yearly/annual

Financial Budget versus expenditure is monitored through the PF Olsen FIPS system and presented to THE PARENGARENGA FOREST OWNERS when requested. This information is not made public.

Social Consultation with stakeholders has been undertaken and constant feedback from these stakeholders (and others as they become apparent) is monitored. This includes actions undertaken to resolves disputes and issues.

05 / 2014 Future Planning Page 51


Parengarenga Forest

16. Future Planning

Introduction This plan pertains to the management of Parengarenga forest and will be adhered to for the next 5 years. Any deviation from this plan will be justified only on the basis that the changes do not adversely affect the environment. Any changes which are contrary to the policies contained in this management plan require a full review of this plan. The next review date for this plan is June 2018. The forest management plan is used for both medium and long term planning.

Operation plans For the short term we use operation plans. These plans are prepared annually in accordance with this management plan. This operation plan and associated budget are subject to approval by THE PARENGARENGA FOREST OWNERS at the beginning of each financial year.

05 / 2014 Annex 1 Forest neighbours Page 52


Parengarenga Forest

Annex 1 Forest neighbours

May 2008 Page 53


Parengarenga Forest,

Annex 2: Erosion Hazard Zone – Northland Regional Council

May 2008 Page 54



Annex 3: Land Use Zones – Far North District Council

May 2008 Page 55



Annex 4: Archaeological and Cultural Sites

NZMS

260

Site

Record

Ref Site Description Easting Northing

N02 821 MIDDEN/WORK FLOOR 2496600 6733200

N02 836 MIDDEN 2497500 6733200

N02 837 MIDDEN 2497400 6733400

N02 838 MIDDEN 2498000 6734300

N02 839 MIDDEN 2498500 6734100

N02 840 MIDDEN 2496200 6731600

N02 841 MIDDEN 2496800 6732200

N02 842 MIDDEN 2497100 6732400

N02 843 MIDDEN/FLAKE AREA 2497100 6732700

N02 844 MIDDEN 2498400 6733800

N02 845 MIDDEN 2498700 6733900


N02 847 MIDDEN 2497700 6732300

N02 848 MIDDEN 2497700 6732700

N02 850 MIDDEN 2498500 6733100

N02 851 MIDDEN 2499000 6733300

N02 852 MIDDEN 2499000 6733500

N02 853 MIDDENS 2496600 6731100

N02 854 MIDDEN 2496700 6731200

N02 855 MIDDEN 2496900 6731000

N02 857 MIDDEN 2498700 6732700


N02 859 MIDDEN 2499000 6732800

N02 868 OVENSTONES/FIND 2497900 6731500

N02 869 OVENSTONES/FIND 2498500 6731900

N02 885 MIDDEN 2498500 6732400

N02 886 MIDDEN 2499200 6733300

N02 1067 MIDDEN 2501000 6730600

N02 1068 MIDDEN 2496400 6732800

N02 1123 PA 2498300 6730600

N02 1124 STONE SCATTER 2498000 6731600

N02 1125 CAMP SITE 2500300 6730300

N02 1126 PA 2502400 6732400

N02 1127 CAMPING SITE 2499800 6732800

N03 3 OVENSTONES 2505900 6726200

N03 21 BEACH MIDDEN 2500700 6725800

N03 22 BEACH MIDDEN 2500800 6725600

N03 23 BEACH MIDDEN 2500900 6725500

N03 24 BEACH MIDDEN 2501100 6725200

N03 25 BEACH MIDDEN 2501200 6725100

N03 26 MIDDEN 2506500 6724900

N03 27 MIDDEN 2506500 6724700

N03 28 MIDDEN 2506500 6724500

N03 29 MIDDEN 2507100 6724500

N03 30 MIDDEN 2506400 6724400

N03 31 MIDDEN 2506700 6724400

N03 32 MIDDEN 2507100 6724300

N03 33 MIDDEN 2507000 6724100

N03 34 MIDDEN 2507100 6723800

N03 35 MIDDEN 2506100 6723700

N03 469 MIDDEN/FINDSPOT 2502400 6726900

N03 470 MIDDENS 2502300 6727200

N03 506 MIDDEN 2502500 6728500

N03 507 MIDDEN 2501900 6727100

N03 508 MIDDEN 2501500 6726400

N03 593 TERRACES/MDN/PIT 2506700 6725600

N03 596 MIDDEN 2510000 6720800

N03 699 MIDDEN 2501100 6726300

N03 700 MIDDEN 2501500 6726200

N03 702 MIDDEN 2501300 6725900

N03 703 MIDDEN 2501300 6726200

N03 705 MIDDEN 2501400 6726000

Sites of Archaeological or Cultural Significance in the Parengarenga / Onepu

Estates

May 2008 Page 56



Annex 5: Forest stands and seedlots.

May 2008 Page 57



Annex 6: Summary of stand silvicultural status.

May 2008 Page 58



Annex 7: Summary of stand inventory records.

May 2008 Page 59



Annex 8: Pest plants and animals – Northland RPMS.

May 2008 Page 60



May 2008 Page 61



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