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PARIVESH BATORINEWS LETTER

Editorial

Volume : XIX | No.2 | July-September, 2016

Energy and Air Pollution

Report on Celebration of World Environment Day, 5th June,

2016

AUTUMNAL EQUINOX ISSUE OF ENVIRONMENTAL BULLETIN: POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD, ASSAM

Contd. on page 4 column two Contd. on page 6 column one

World Environment Day (WED) which is observed every year on the 5th of June is celebrated across the world to raise global awareness and take effective action to protect and conserve the mother Earth.

Hon’ble Chief Minister of Assam Shri Sarbananda Sonowal addressing the crowd during celebration function of WED,2016 at Srimanta

Sankardev Kalakshetra Auditorium on 5th June 2016

Hon’ble Minister to the Govt. of Assam Mrs. Pramila Rani Brahma, Dept. of Environment & Forests, Soil conservation, Minings, etc

interacting with students during celebration function of WED,2016 at Srimanta Sankardev Kalakshetra

Auditorium on 5th June 2016

The energy sector is the motor of economic development and social progress. In the modern era of energy intensive economy, the production and use of energy plays a vital role in determining the state of air quality. Energy sector is the single largest man-made source of air pollution, mostly from the combustion of fossil fuels and traditional bio energy, stated in the International Energy Agency’s (IEA) latest release – ‘World Energy Outlook (WEO) Special Report on Energy and Air Pollution’. Based on new data for pollution emissions in 2015 and projections to 2040, this Special Report of WEO provides a global outlook for energy and air pollution, and presents strategies tailored to various countries and regional circumstances to deliver clean air for all.

About 85 per cent of particulate matter and almost all the sulphur dioxides and nitrogen oxides emissions come from energy sector, and they are mostly emitted as a result of poverty, fossil fuel-intensive development, unplanned urbanisation and inaccessibility to clean sources of energy, the report said. These three pollutants are responsible for the most widespread impacts of air pollution.

Air pollution is a major public health crisis and is the fourth greatest overall risk factor for human health worldwide. Around 6.5 million deaths are attributed each year to poor air quality. Millions of people across the globe are exposed to air pollution at levels that substantially exceed existing health-based Air Quality Guidelines set by WHO. No country of the world is free from air pollution, but its impacts are more concentrated in some regions than the others. The number of premature deaths attributable to air pollution continues to grow in fast-growing Asia and

It is a great annual event that was celebrated worldwide after the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockholm in the year 1972. WED has been specified with a theme every year, this year also it has come up with a theme

which is ‘Go Wild for Life - Zero Tolerance for the Illegal Wildlife Trade’. Basically it has been focused on the saving of wild animals and to fight and raise

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Parivesh Batori Volume : XIX | No.2 | July-September, 2016

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Er. H. K. Gogoi ChairmanEr. B. K. Baruah Editorial AdvisorProf. Kshiradhar Baruah Guest EditorDr. Ramesh Ch. Goswami Guest EditorDr. Rafiqua Ahmed MemberDr. D. N. Das MemberKanteswar Kalita Editor

TO OUR READERSOpinions expressed in ‘Parivesh Batori’ – the News Letter of PCBA, are exclusively of the writers, for which the Board or the Editor is not responsible.

REPORT ON VEHICULAR EMISSION SURVEY AND AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL MONITORING AT GUWAHATI CITY, 2016

The air pollution from vehicles in urban areas, particularly in big cities, has become a serious problem. The problem is getting compounded with the increasing number of vehicles and other relating factors of their management. Transport sector alone accounts for majority of the air pollution in our cities, most of which is in close proximity with the breathing zone, and thereby posing great risk to human health. Emissions from vehicles are a deadly mixture of poisonous gases and particulates which not only affects human beings but also the vegetation, agriculture and other environmental constituents. The main pollutants emitted from the automobiles are unburned hydrocarbons, lead/benzene, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter. People across the world have already witnessed various health problems relating to the vehicular emission specially those who are suffering from heart disease, lung disease, and respiratory problem. It may also cause skin problem, noise and eyes irritation etc.

Besides causing the ambient air pollution related problems, automobiles constitutes largest group of creators of noise and thereby disturbing the quality of environment. The loud and persistent noise with frequent occurrence and long duration may cause health problems and disturbance to the peace of mind.

Therefore, monitoring of vehicular emission and strict enforcement of the rules in this regard along with taking up other related issues may help in management of air quality in our urban areas.

Guwahati, the capital city of Assam lies in the Kamrup Metro District of Assam. Being the gateway of the North East, the City is growing very rapidly in the last

1. Introduction

2. Objective

3. Location of Surveying Points

few decades. With a population of 31205576 (2011 census), the number of vehicles in the District are also increasing. In 1991-92 the total number of vehicles on road in Kamrup District (now divided into Kamrup Metro and Kamrup Rural districts as per census 2011) was 86,022 which increased to 7, 26,070 (in Kamrup Metro – 7, 09,103 and in Kamrup Rural – 16,967) in 2013-14. These indicates the growing impacts of vehicular activities on the ambient air of the City. Keeping the above perspectives in view, Pollution Control Board, Assam and the Office of the District Transport Officer, Kamrup Metro District have launched a joint drive from 1st June 2016 to 4th June 2016 to carry out a vehicular emission survey and noise level survey at selected locations of Guwahati City.

The said Vehicular Emission Survey and Noise Level Survey were carried out at four different locations of Guwahati city where vehicular activities are found to be high. The locations of monitoring points are – (i) Chandmari, (ii) Rukminigaon, (iii) Bharalamukh, and (iv) ABC - Bhangagarh.

The basic objectives of the drive were – to know the status of vehicular emission level • of different types of vehicles plying on the road of the City;

to know the ambient noise level al selected • locations in the City;

to make people aware about the vehicular • emission and noise pollution and their consequences;

to disseminate information through distribution • of specially designed leaflets and flyers about the rising trend of vehicular pollution, air pollution and noise pollution.

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5. Results and Discussion

4. Parameters Monitored

The vehicular emissions survey was carried in 60 nos. of vehicles including two wheelers, three wheelers and four wheelers using petrol as well as diesel as fuel. Among the 60 nos. of vehicles, there were 24 nos. of two wheelers, 13 nos. of three wheelers and

The analytical results of the emission samples collected from different vehicles reveal that about 33.33 per cent, 30.43 per cent and 31.25 per cent of the total vehicles surveyed in the categories of two wheelers, four wheelers and petrol run vehicles respectively exceeded the permissible limit. The details of the findings were given in Table No. 2 and 3 below. The prescribed limits for different types of vehicles are presented in Table No. 5.

Table No. 1: Vehicles Surveyed with Types and as per Fuel use

Table No. 2: Vehicles by Type Exceeding the Permissible Limit

Table No. 3: Vehicles by Use of Fuel Exceeding the Permissible Limit

For Vehicular Emission Survey three emission 1. parameters such as – Carbon Monoxide (CO %), Hydrocarbon (HC), and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) as NO2 were monitored.

Ambient noise level in Leq dB(A) was also 2. monitored on hourly basis at the locations where Vehicular Emission Survey drive was carried out. Noise level monitoring was conducted by using the instrument Integrating / Logging Sound Level Meter of Quest Technologies, USA (Model No. 1900).

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Vehicular Emission Survey drive at Rukminigaon on 03-06-2016

5. Results and Discussion 5.1. Vehicular Emission Survey The vehicular emissions survey was carried in 60 nos. of vehicles including two wheelers, three wheelers and four wheelers using petrol as well as diesel as fuel. Among the 60 nos. of vehicles, there were 24 nos. of two wheelers, 13 nos. of three wheelers and remaining 23 nos. was four wheelers. Vehicles were tested. The emission quality of the said number of vehicles was tested against the selected criteria during the survey, Table No. 1.

The analytical results of the vehicular emission survey are presented in Table No. 2 and 3. From the data it is observed that 26 per cent of the vehicles surveyed exceeded the prescribed permissible limit for the parameters monitored.


Type of Vehicle No. of vehicles run with petrol

No. of vehicle run with diesel

Two wheelers 24 Nil Three wheelers 5 8 Four wheelers 19 4



Types of vehicle

Vehicles surveyed

Vehicle exceeding

permissible limit

% of vehicle exceeding

permissible limit

Two wheelers 24 8 33.33% Three wheelers 13 Nil Nil Four wheelers 23 7 30.43%

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5. Results and Discussion 5.1. Vehicular Emission Survey The vehicular emissions survey was carried in 60 nos. of vehicles including two wheelers, three wheelers and four wheelers using petrol as well as diesel as fuel. Among the 60 nos. of vehicles, there were 24 nos. of two wheelers, 13 nos. of three wheelers and remaining 23 nos. was four wheelers. Vehicles were tested. The emission quality of the said number of vehicles was tested against the selected criteria during the survey, Table No. 1.



Type of Vehicle No. of vehicles run with petrol

No. of vehicle run with diesel

Two wheelers 24 Nil Three wheelers 5 8 Four wheelers 19 4



Types of vehicle

Vehicles surveyed

Vehicle exceeding

permissible limit

% of vehicle exceeding

permissible limit

Two wheelers 24 8 33.33% Three wheelers 13 Nil Nil Four wheelers 23 7 30.43%

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Types of vehicle

Vehicles surveyed

Vehicle exceeding the permissible

limit

% of of vehicle

exceeding the permissible

limit Petro 48 15 31.25 Diesel 12 Nil Nil

Table No.: 5 Vehicular Emission Standards: (Prescribed under Rule 115(2) of CMV Rules, 1989

as amended) A. Vehicular Emission Standards for Vehicle

Manufactured on or before 31st March,2000 Type of Vehicle Fuel Used Stroke CO% HC

ppm Two Wheeler Petrol Two/ Four 4.5 9000 Three Wheeler Petrol/Diesel Two/ Four

B. Vehicular Emission Standards for Vehicle Manufactured after 31st March,2000

Type of Vehicle Fuel Used Stroke CO% HC ppm

Two/Three Wheeler Petrol/ Diesel Two 3.5 6000

Four 3.5 4500 C. Vehicular Emission Standards for Vehicle with

Bharat Stage II Type of Vehicle Fuel Used CO% HC ppm

Four Wheelers Petrol/Diesel 0.5 750 D. Vehicular Emission Standards for Others Vehicle Type of Vehicle Fuel Used CO% HC (ppm)

Four Wheelers Petrol/Diesel 3.0 1500 E. Vehicular Emission Standards

Emission norms for passenger cars Norms CO (g/km) HC+ NOx(g/km)

1991 Norms 14.3-27.1 2.0(Only HC) 1996 Norms 8.68-12.40 3.00-4.36 1998 Norms 4.34-6.20 1.50-2.18 India stage 2000 norms 2.72 0.97 Bharat stage-II 2.2 0.5 Bharat Stage-III 2.3 0.35(combined) Bharat Stage-IV 1.0 0.18(combined)

F. Vehicular Emission Norms Norms CO

(g/km /hr)

HC (g/km /hr)

NOx

(g/km /hr)

PM (g/km /hr)

1991 Norms 14 3.5 18 - 1996 Norms 11.2 2.4 14.4 - India stage 2000 norms

4.5 1.1 8.0 0.36

Bharat stage-II 4.0 1.1 7.0 0.15 Bharat Stage-III 2.1 1.6 5.0 0.10 Bharat Stage-IV 1.5 0.96 3.5 0.02

Inauguration of Vehicular Emission Survey drive by District Transport Officer, Kamrup(M) in presence of

PCBA Officials at Chandmari 01-06-2016

Vehicular Emission Survey drive at Bharalumukh on 02-06-2016


5.1. Vehicular Emission Survey

remaining 23 nos. was four wheelers. Vehicles were tested. The emission quality of the said number of vehicles was tested against the selected criteria during the survey, Table No. 1.


5.2 Ambient Noise Level MonitoringAmbient Noise level monitoring was carried out in between 9.00 hrs. and 13.00 hrs. at each location. The results are presented in the Table No. 4.

From the results it is observed that the average Leq dB(A) is 75.9 at Chandmari, 77.8 at Rukminigaon, 89.1 at Bharalumukh and 89.8 at ABC. As per the Noise (Ambient Standards) in dB(A), Commercial Zones are prescribed up to 65 dB(A) during the day time (in between 6 AM and 10 PM) and as per the observation

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Table No.5: Vehicular Emission Standards:(Prescribed under Rule 115(2) of CMV Rules, 1989

as amended)

Table No. 4: Average Ambient Noise Level at Different Monitoring Points

between 9 AM to 1 PM

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Types of vehicle

Vehicles surveyed

Vehicle exceeding the permissible

limit

% of of vehicle

exceeding the permissible

limit Petro 48 15 31.25 Diesel 12 Nil Nil

Table No.: 5 Vehicular Emission Standards: (Prescribed under Rule 115(2) of CMV Rules, 1989

as amended) A. Vehicular Emission Standards for Vehicle

Manufactured on or before 31st March,2000 Type of Vehicle Fuel Used Stroke CO% HC

ppm Two Wheeler Petrol Two/ Four 4.5 9000 Three Wheeler Petrol/Diesel Two/ Four

B. Vehicular Emission Standards for Vehicle Manufactured after 31st March,2000

Type of Vehicle Fuel Used Stroke CO% HC ppm

Two/Three Wheeler Petrol/ Diesel Two 3.5 6000

Four 3.5 4500 C. Vehicular Emission Standards for Vehicle with

Bharat Stage II Type of Vehicle Fuel Used CO% HC ppm

Four Wheelers Petrol/Diesel 0.5 750 D. Vehicular Emission Standards for Others Vehicle Type of Vehicle Fuel Used CO% HC (ppm)

Four Wheelers Petrol/Diesel 3.0 1500 E. Vehicular Emission Standards

Emission norms for passenger cars Norms CO (g/km) HC+ NOx(g/km)

1991 Norms 14.3-27.1 2.0(Only HC) 1996 Norms 8.68-12.40 3.00-4.36 1998 Norms 4.34-6.20 1.50-2.18 India stage 2000 norms 2.72 0.97 Bharat stage-II 2.2 0.5 Bharat Stage-III 2.3 0.35(combined) Bharat Stage-IV 1.0 0.18(combined)

F. Vehicular Emission Norms Norms CO

(g/km /hr)

HC (g/km /hr)

NOx

(g/km /hr)

PM (g/km /hr)

1991 Norms 14 3.5 18 - 1996 Norms 11.2 2.4 14.4 - India stage 2000 norms

4.5 1.1 8.0 0.36

Bharat stage-II 4.0 1.1 7.0 0.15 Bharat Stage-III 2.1 1.6 5.0 0.10 Bharat Stage-IV 1.5 0.96 3.5 0.02

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G. Vehicular Emission Norms Emission norms for 2/3 wheelers

Norms CO (g/km) HC+ NOx (g/km) 1991 Norms 12-30 8-12 (only HC) 1996 Norms 4.5 3.6 India stage 2000 Norms

2.0 2.0

Bharat stage-II 1.6 1.5 Bharat Stage-III 1.0 1.0

5.2 Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Ambient Noise level monitoring was carried out in between 9.00 hrs. and 13.00 hrs. at each location. The results are presented in the Table No. 8.

From the results it is observed that the average Leq dB(A) is 75.9 at Chandmari, 77.8 at Rukminigaon, 89.1 at Bharalumukh and 89.8 at ABC. As per the Noise (Ambient Standards) in dB(A), Commercial Zones are prescribed up to 65 dB(A) during the day time (in between 6AM and 10PM) and as per the observation it shows higher noise level than the prescribed limit. It might occur due to traffic congestion and unwanted high pitch of blowing horn.

Table No. 8: Average Ambient Noise Level at Different Monitoring Points between 9 AM to 1 PM

Monitoring Points Date of Monitoring Leq dB(A)

Chandmari, Guwahati 01.06.2016 75.9 Rukiminigaon, Guwahati 02.06.2016 77.8 Bharalumukh, Guwahati 03.06.2016 89.1 ABC (G.S. Road), Guwahati 04.06.2016 89.8

Noise (Ambient Standards) in dB(A) During day time

( 6.00 AM & 10PM) During night time

(10.00 PM & 6.00 AM) Industrial Zone 75 Industrial Zone 70 Commercial Zone 65 Commercial

Zone 55

Residential Zone 55 Residential Zone 45 Silence Zone 50 Silence Zone 40

6. Recommendations To reduce the vehicular emissions a few recommendations are proposed below:

1) Use of unleaded petrol and reduction in benzene content. 2) Stepwise removal of pollution causing vehicles from the roads. 3) Discontinuation of old vehicles from the roads. 4) Use of alternative fuels for transportation such as alcohol, natural gas like LNG and CNG,

Electric vehicles, Hybrid vehicles. 5) Banning pressure horns in automobiles. 6) Using silencers to control noise from automobile ducts, exhausts etc. 7) Periodic maintenance (replacing of engine oil and other lubricants) of vehicles as and

when required. *****

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G. Vehicular Emission Norms Emission norms for 2/3 wheelers

Norms CO (g/km) HC+ NOx (g/km) 1991 Norms 12-30 8-12 (only HC) 1996 Norms 4.5 3.6 India stage 2000 Norms

2.0 2.0

Bharat stage-II 1.6 1.5 Bharat Stage-III 1.0 1.0

5.2 Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Ambient Noise level monitoring was carried out in between 9.00 hrs. and 13.00 hrs. at each location. The results are presented in the Table No. 8.

From the results it is observed that the average Leq dB(A) is 75.9 at Chandmari, 77.8 at Rukminigaon, 89.1 at Bharalumukh and 89.8 at ABC. As per the Noise (Ambient Standards) in dB(A), Commercial Zones are prescribed up to 65 dB(A) during the day time (in between 6AM and 10PM) and as per the observation it shows higher noise level than the prescribed limit. It might occur due to traffic congestion and unwanted high pitch of blowing horn.

Table No. 8: Average Ambient Noise Level at Different Monitoring Points between 9 AM to 1 PM

Monitoring Points Date of Monitoring Leq dB(A)

Chandmari, Guwahati 01.06.2016 75.9 Rukiminigaon, Guwahati 02.06.2016 77.8 Bharalumukh, Guwahati 03.06.2016 89.1 ABC (G.S. Road), Guwahati 04.06.2016 89.8

Noise (Ambient Standards) in dB(A) During day time

( 6.00 AM & 10PM) During night time

(10.00 PM & 6.00 AM) Industrial Zone 75 Industrial Zone 70 Commercial Zone 65 Commercial

Zone 55

Residential Zone 55 Residential Zone 45 Silence Zone 50 Silence Zone 40

6. Recommendations To reduce the vehicular emissions a few recommendations are proposed below:

1) Use of unleaded petrol and reduction in benzene content. 2) Stepwise removal of pollution causing vehicles from the roads. 3) Discontinuation of old vehicles from the roads. 4) Use of alternative fuels for transportation such as alcohol, natural gas like LNG and CNG,

Electric vehicles, Hybrid vehicles. 5) Banning pressure horns in automobiles. 6) Using silencers to control noise from automobile ducts, exhausts etc. 7) Periodic maintenance (replacing of engine oil and other lubricants) of vehicles as and

when required. *****

6. Recommendations

it shows higher noise level than the prescribed limit. It might occur due to traffic congestion and unwanted high pitch of blowing horn.

To reduce the vehicular emissions a few recommendations are proposed below:

Use of unleaded petrol and reduction in benzene • content.Stepwise removal of pollution causing vehicles • from the roads.Discontinuation of old vehicles from the roads.• Use of alternative fuels for transportation such • as alcohol, natural gas like LNG and CNG, Electric vehicles, Hybrid vehicles.Banning pressure horns in automobiles.• Using silencers to control noise from automobile • ducts, exhausts etc. Periodic maintenance (replacing of engine oil • and other lubricants) of vehicles as and when required.<

in Africa. Asia accounts for almost 90 per cent of the rise in premature deaths due to air pollution, the report said.

Eleven of the world’s 20 most polluted cities are in India and poor air quality is already a major public health issue. Around 1.59 million premature deaths were attributed to air pollution in India. The increasing trends in energy consumption lead to worsening the air pollution scenario in India.

Air pollution is basically an energy problem, and therefore, the energy sector must be at the forefront of any strategy to improve air quality. The report said that a 7 per cent increase in total energy investment over the period to 2040 can cut pollution emissions and premature deaths by around 50 percent in 2040. Transition to clean energy and application of air pollution control technologies along with adoption of proven polices, strict enforcement of emissions standards for road transport, efficient energy services and more energy efficiency in industry sector can deliver clean air and could ensure global emissions of particulate matter fall by 7 per cent, sulphur dioxides by 20 per cent and nitrogen oxides by 10 per cent by 2040. Thus, changes in the way that world produce and uses energy to reduce growing impacts of air pollution on human life seems imperative.<

A. Vehicular Emission Standards for VehicleManufactured on or before 31st March,2000

Contd. from page 1 column one

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Introduction

Techniques to assessenvironmental changes

Macro-invertebrates as a bioindicator

Monitoring the health ofAquatic ecosystems

* Nitali Doley

BIOMONITORING – AN APPROACH TO ASSESS WATER POLLUTION

Aquatic ecosystems are facing pollution worldwide as well as unsustainable and bad water management practices. Increasing impact from a wide range of pressures on arable lands and ballooning population, sustainability of many aquatic ecosystems are becoming a problem. The impact of these activities is still poorly understood. Information on and understanding the environmental change or variation is important for protection and remediation of the ecosystem.

Biological monitoring techniques represent a departure from more standard chemical monitoring systems, it measures directly biological components such as community and functional structure. Many researchers and scientists have considered this to be advantageous as biota assimilate quality over time and space and are directly linked to ecosystem function and integrity. The usefulness of using macro-invertebrates as an indicator of water quality and environmental changes is increasingly gaining popularity worldwide. They are a potential indicator, because they represent a diverse group of long living sedentary species that react strongly and often predictably to human influences on aquatic systems (Cairns and Prall, 1993).

Traditionally, stream quality or health assessments were based on analyzing water quality and on chemical data. The problem was that these measures reflect only the conditions at the moment the sample is taken, and only a defined set of parameters. In contrast, most macro-invertebrates (e.g. mayflies, caddis flies, true flies, snails) possess a life cycle of at least a year or more, do not move great distances, and are more or less confined to the area of stream being sampled. The macro-invertebrate community of a stream lives with the stresses and changes that occur in the aquatic environment, whatever their cause, including those that are due to human activities (such as nutrient enrichment from diffuse and point source discharges) as well as natural events such as floods and droughts. They are ideal candidates for biotic (rather than physical and chemical) measures of stream health.

Benthic macro-invertebrates as bioindicators give a tangible distinct picture to monitor the health of aquatic ecosystem. If we examine what type of bugs and how many of each kind are present in the water, we can interpret the quality of that particular water body. These aquatic little bugs are gauges of the health of the stream for several reasons. From the logistic point of view, they make good study specimens, because, they are abundant, readily surveyed, and taxonomically rich (Dodson 2001).

The macro-invertebrates are classified according to their relative pollution tolerant into – pollution intolerant, somewhat tolerant and very tolerant properties. Raw macro-invertebrate data consist of lists of scientific names and counts or relative abundances, which are meaningless to most people. Biological data can be complex and difficult to understand for laypeople; so to make it more apprehensible various ‘Cumulative Biotic Indices’ have been developed to make them easier to understand considering different variables like density and pollution tolerance score of each taxa. Pollution tolerance scores are assigned for each taxa based on their relative endurance to

The growing impact on water bodies like river, lakes, streams etc. is increasing equivalently with the introduction of different management practices and tools. Field visit and visual interpretation is the first step towards studying the health and status of any aquatic ecosystem, before collecting sample and analyzing in the laboratory. By looking at the aquatic bugs and different aquatic vegetations and environs in rivers, streams, lakes or pond we can assess the health of that water body. Different bugs have different tolerances to water contamination; so the types that are present are indicative to the quality of the water. However, the overall condition, or health, of aquatic ecosystems is determined by the interaction of all its physical, chemical and biological components.

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pollution. A biotic index provides a single number that summarises this complexity, provides a measure of stream health, and can be related statistically to a wide range of physical, chemical, and biological measures. These relationships are fundamental to understanding how ecosystems work and respond to stressors (Stark et. all 2007). Biotic indices do not attempt to explain the reason for changes to ecosystems, nor do they account for the complexity of interactions between physical, chemical and biological components. They are simply a tool for organising and abstracting ecological data so that these can be understood by non-specialists.

It is clear that sufficient and appropriate information

Conclusion

is necessary to make rational and equitable decisions with respect to water resource management. This information can only be derived from statistically and scientifically defensible monitoring designs. The best way to identify measurement parameters that can serve as vital signs of ecosystems, and define the limits of their variation, is through one of the most emerging techniques called Biomonitoring. This technique should be considered to be an integrated strategy for surveillance, early warning and control of freshwater ecosystem, which will be able to respond to the different impacts in time and space.<

(* Mrs. Doley is working as Environmental Scientist in PCBA)

Dr. Arup Kumar Mishra, Director of ASTEC, while delivering welcome address, stated that this celebration and the commitment to protect and conserve our environment should not be restricted to only one particular day. Rather this vows and spirit should be amongst us on every other day.

The guest speaker Prof. (Retd.) Arup Kumar Dutta, an The prize to the winners of Drawing and Painting Competition organized by PCBA on 22nd of May, 2016

The event continued with the inauguration of a book – ‘Vertebrates of Assam’ published by ASTEC, and the newsletter of Pollution Control Board, Assam – ‘Parivesh Batori’ by the Hon’ble Chief Minister and Minister of Environment and Forests, Government of Assam, respectively.

Contd. from page 1 column two

Dr. Arup Kumar Mishra, Director of ASTEC, delivering welcome address in WED, 2016 celebration function

Guest speaker Prof. (Retd.) Arup Kumar Dutta addressing the crowd in WED, 2016 celebration function

Hon’ble Chief Minister Shri Sarbananda Sonowal distributing prizes amongst the winners of Drawing &

Painting Competition organized by PCBAin WED, 2016 celebration function

eminent writer and philosopher in his deliberation basically focused on the consequences of climate change and global warming. He also spoke about the preciousness of water and warned that a conflict may be seen in future regarding water resources.

voice against the wildlife crime and move forward to prevent it.

Pollution Control Board, Assam jointly with Forest Department, Government of Assam and Assam Science Technology & Environment Council has celebrated this great event on 5th of June, 2016 at Srimanta Sankardeva Kalakshetra Auditorium, Guwahati.

The event started with a plantation programme by Hon’ble Chief Minister, Mr. Sarbananda Sonowal, Hon’ble Minister of Environment and Forest etc. Mrs. Pramila Rani Brahma, and Chief Secretary to the Government of Assam, Mr. V.K. Pipersenia.

It was followed by lighting of lamp by Hon’ble Chief Minister of Assam along with Hon’ble Minister of Environment and Forest and the other dignitaries.

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RLO Bongaigaon

Hon’ble Minister to the Govt. of Assam Mrs. Pramila Rani Brahma, addressing the crowd during

celebration function of WED,2016

Hon’ble Chief Minister Shri Sarbananda Sonowal addressing the crowd during celebration function

of WED,2016

Views of events organized by RLO Bongaigaonas a part of WED, 2016 celebration

as a part of celebration of WED, were distributed by the Hon’ble Chief Minister in presence of Hon’ble Minister, Environment & Forests Department and other dignitaries – Mr. V.K. Pipersenia, Chief Secretary to the Government of Assam; Mr. Sanjeev Kumar, Principal Secretary, Environment & Forests Department, Government of Assam; Mr. Arup Kumar Dutta, appointed speaker; Mr. Dinesh Mathur, PCCF and HoFF; Mr. Hemanta Kumar Gogoi, Chairman, PCBA; and Dr. Arup Kumar Mishra, Director of ASTEC.

The Hon’ble Minister to the Government of Assam Mrs. Pramila Rani Brahma in her speech mentioned about the history of WED. She further said that conservation of environment and awareness on environment are the main objectives of this Day and starting from every government and non-government organisation to educational institutions should be a part of this event. She laid emphasis on the need for enforcing stringent legal proceeding against the illegal trades of wildlife. She also urged everyone to take part in the act of protecting wildlife and controlling wildlife trade.

The Regional Laboratory cum Offices / Regional Offices (RLO/RO) of the Board also celebrated WED 2016 in colourful way and organized different activities on the occasion to raise awareness amongst the school students as well as the common mass. The activities organized by the RLO/RO of the Board are highlighted below –

Like previous years, WED 2016 was observed by RLO Bongaigaon at Bongaigaon Railway Higher Secondary school, Bongaigaon in association with Assam Science Society and the Forest Environment

The Chief Guest of the function, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Assam – Shri Sarbananda Sonowal, began his speech with the counseling note of our forefathers, how the existence of trees can make our life better. He added that Assam is blessed with myriads of natural resources; however it is the prime responsibility of each and every people of the State to protect our environment. He stressed on the need of cooperation from everyone to save the Kaziranga National Park, as the responsibility is not only restricted to the Forest Department. Hon’ble Chief Minister also declared the government decision to set up the office of Principal Chief Conservator of Forest in Kaziranga and appointment of Senior Officials in the same to protect the wildlife of the Park.

He asserted that development should not be at the cost of environment, rather it should go side-by-side. He announced the ambitious government

Report from Regional Laboratory cum Offices / Regional Offices

plan of planting 5 crores of saplings by September next and emphasized on the need for inclusion of environment as a subject in school curriculum and raising of environmental awareness. He appreciated the initiative taken by the PCBA in organizing Drawing and Painting Competition on different issues of environment and wildlife protection. He concluded his speech with the famous quotes of John Keats – ‘A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.’

The meeting ended with vote of thanks by PCCF and Head of Forest Force, Mr. Dinesh Mathur IFS.

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The celebration of the Day was started with an art competition and essay writing competition organized among the students of class IX and X on themes related to environment. It was followed by plantation of saplings in the school premises and distribution of saplings among the students and other general people.

An awareness meet cum discussion was also organized wherein Sri Nripendra Nath Sarma, ASS, Bongaigaon, Shri Atanu Bose from Natures Foster, Dr. Firoz Ahmed, Rtd. Jt. Director of the Health Service, Mr. Rajen Sarma, REE, RLO Bongaigaon, Sri Sailendra Prasad Sarma, Ex-President of ASS, Bongaigaon deliberated on the theme of WED 2016 and other environmental issues. The prizes to the winners of art and easy writing competitions were distributed towards the end of the meeting. The meeting was ended with vote of thanks offered by Mr. Kalyan Basumatary, AEE, RLO, Bongaigaon.

RO Dibrugarh celebrated WED 2016 at Graham Bazar Girls’ High School Auditorium, Dibrugarh. The programme was started with plantation and distribution of saplings in the School campus.

To mark the celebration, the Office also organized one Vehicle Emission Survey jointly with District Transport Office and Assam Police Department at Dibrugarh Town. An art competition and a quiz competition were organized among School students on different themes related to environment and wildlife trade.

A meeting cum discussion was organised to discuss various issues related to wildlife trade and environment. Mr Nayan Medhi, Asst Prof, Dibrugrah University and Mr Dilip Baruah, Retd AEE, PCBA participated as resource person in the meeting and interacted with the students and other audience on UNEP Theme. The prizes to winners of the art and quiz competitions were distributed in the meeting. The

RO Dibrugarh

RO Nagaon

RO Golaghat

Views of events organized by RO Dibrugarh as a part of WED, 2016 celebration

Views of events organized by RO Golaghatas a part of WED, 2016 celebration

meeting was presided over by Mrs. Utpala Sarmah. The meeting ended with vote of thanks offered by Mr. Padma Gohain, PCBA, RO Dibrugarh.

Regional Office Golaghat celebrated WED in collaboration with NGOs – Srimanta Sankardev Foundation, Seuj Dhara Development Society, NEDF, and NEDA with a daylong programme.

The Office organized a cleanliness drive in the Golaghat market area in association with Golaghat Municipal Board and NGOs. It was followed by plantation of saplings and distribution of sapling among public. A drawing competition at Dandadhar Girls’ High School and a quiz competition at Amateur Hall among School children were also organized by the Office.

The celebration ended with a meeting cum discussion held to discuss various issues pertaining to illegal trade in wildlife. The Executive Engineer, RO Golaghat addressed the public present and spoke on the UNEP theme. The prizes to the winners of the drawing competition and Quiz competition were distributed in the meeting.

The RO Nagaon celebrated the WED 2016 in collaboration with Green Guard Nature, a wildlife rescue organization, and Divisional Forest Officer, Nagaon. The celebration of the Day was started with plantation of saplings by Mr. Rupak Sarmah, MLA, Nagaon, in Nagaon Sahitya Sabha Bhawan premises followed by distribution of samplings amongst the students and general public. The Office also organized a drawing & painting competition amongst the students upto class X on 3rd June 2016 and a Photo Exhibition on rescue of wild animals.

A seminar cum discussion held at Kamala Devi Todi Memorial Hall of Nagaon Sahitya Sabha, was presided

9

RLO Silchar

RLO Tezpur

RLO Sivasagar

Views of events organized by RO Nagaon as a part of WED, 2016 celebration

Views of events organized by RLO Sivasagar as a part of WED, 2016 celebration

Views of events organized by RLO Silchar as a part of WED, 2016 celebration

Views of events organized by RLO Tezpur as a part of WED, 2016 celebration

Prizes to the winners of the Drawing and Painting Competition organized by the RO Nagaon were distributed in the function.

The WED 2016 was observed by RLO Silchar in a grand fashion in collaboration with NGO, Puspa Chitra Niketan, Silchar. The celebration of the Day was started with a clean-up drive at capital point and surrounding areas of Cachar College. This was followed by a plantation programme at Murshedul Alam Choudhury Memorial Academy, Silchar.

An awareness meet cum discussion programme on the theme of WED was also arranged by this Office at Cachar college auditorium. The District Development Commissioner of Cachar, Mrs M Choudhury graced the occasion as the chief guest.

The programme started with tree plantation followed by Drawing & Painting Competition among school students from Class I to X at Sivasagar Govt. Boys’ H.S & M.P School. After the competition a general public meeting was organized by the Office. Sri Nilamoni Mahanta, Retd. Teacher – the invited speaker, deliberated elaborately on the issues of illegal trade of wildlife as well as environmental degradation.

The prizes to the winners of Drawing & Painting Competition were distributed in the meeting.

World Environment day 2016 was celebrated by the Tezpur Regional Office of the Board with a host of

The programme started with welcome address delivered by the Regional Head of RLO Silchar, Er H

over by Dr. Sarat Barkataky, Principal, Nagaon College. The resource person of the meeting Mr. Rituraj Phukan from Green Guard Nature, gave an informative power point presentation on Illegal Trade of Wild Animal and their rescue. The Hon’ble MLA, Mr. Rupak Sarmah, Mr. Adil Khan, IAS, DC Nagaon and Mr. Rajib Gogoi, DFO also deliberated on the occasion.

.K Sarma. The invited resource person Dr Apurba Chakraborty, Associate Prof., Cachar College, deliberated elaborately on the UNEP theme. The prizes to the winners of the Drawing and Painting Competition organized by the RLO were distributed in the function. The meeting ended with vote of thanks offered by Er Nagen Boro, AE.

As in the previous years, the World Environment Day was celebrated by Regional Laboratory cum Office, Sivasagar with day long programme.

10


programmes throughout the first week of June 2016 in association with a local NGO- Rupayan Social Welfare Society, Tezpur. A quiz competition on environmental issues was held on the 1st of June 2016 at Tezpur Collegiate High School wherein 26 teams from all parts of the district participated. The competition was anchored by Quiz Master Dr. Palashmani Saikia, Associate Prof. of Darrang College, Tezpur. Besides, an Essay writing and Art completions were also organized amongst the students by the office.

The most special event organized by the office was an artificial zoo, prepared by a local artist in the premises of Tezpur Collegiate High School. The Zoo displayed the life of various animals, birds and reptiles – some of which have been identified as endangered species.

Deepawali is the brightest festival among all the Hindu festivals celebrated in India. It is the festival of lights that is marked with illumination of home with light, and the skies with firecrackers, which literally illumines the country during the festival days. People use to burst firecrackers of varied colors and sound in large-scale as a part of celebration of this festival that fills the skies. But these crackers besides polluting our environment by causing noise and air pollution also affect our health. The smoke of fireworks consists mainly of fine toxic dusts and chemicals that can cause a real danger to human health. Respiratory disorders like asthma, wheezing often get severe during Deepawali festival. The pollution hazards such as the toxic smoke causes a lot of discomfort in breathing and also irritates the eyes causing tears and redness. Sometimes the sound makes the ears go dumb and also cause deafness. Thus, monitoring of ambient air and noise during the Deepawali Days may help in accessing the impacts of fireworks connected to Deepawali celebration on ambient air and noise as well as in raising awareness about its effects of human health.

Pollution Control Board, Assam has been monitoring

Views of Artificial Zoo demonstrated by RLOTezpur as a part of celebration of WED 2016

The intention behind the idea was to make the school children aware of the growing threat to the animals and responsibility of citizens towards their conservation.

The Office also joined in the WED celebration programme held at the Tezpur Govt. Girls’ HS School on 4th of June 2016. The Head of RLO Tezpur, Er. Meghnad Nath, SEE, delivered a speech in the programme, wherein he stressed upon the need for conservation of natural resources including flora and fauna.

On the 5th of June, a meeting cum seminar was also organized by the Office to discuss various issues related to the WED theme. The discussion was started with a welcome address by Er. Meghnad Nath, SEE, RLO Tezpur. Dr. Ramesh Ch. Goswami , Rtd. Head, Dept of Physics, Darrang College, Tezpur and Dr. Kishor Baruah , Technical Officer, Dept. of Physics, Tezpur University were present as resource persons in the event. Both of them enlightened the gathering with a very informative speech. The prizes to the winners of different competitions were distributed in the meet. <

Status of Ambient Air Quality and Ambient Noise Level during Deepawali Festival in selected Towns of Assam, 2014 - 2015

1. Introduction

2. Ambient Air Quality of Guwahati

ambient air quality and ambient noise level at various locations of Guwahati city as well as in few other selected towns of Assam before and during Deepawali festival since last few years as per the monitoring protocol provided by the Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi. The basic objective of this monitoring is to assess the impacts of firecrackers bursting on ambient air and ambient noise level.

In the years 2014 and 2015, the Board monitored ambient air and noise level at different places in Guwahati City and ambient noise level at different locations of Tezpur, Dibrugarh, Silchar, Golaghat, Nagaon, Bongaigaon and Sivasagar towns of the State before and during the Deepawali days. The data obtained through this monitoring for the said years are given systematically in the following section –

To assess the impact of bursting firecracker during the Deepawali Festival on ambient air quality of Guwahati city like the previous years, the Board monitored ambient air quality before and during the Deepawali Days in the year 2014 and 2015 at four

11

Note: Time of Monitoring 6 PM to 12 PM

Note: Time of monitoring 6 PM to 12 midnight

Note: Time of monitoring 6 PM to 12 midnightR – Residential, S – Silence, C – Commercial

3. Ambient Noise Level in Guwahati

The average value of SO2 in 2015 was found to be in the range 6.00 to 8.30 µgm-3 before the Deepawali Day which increased to 12.20 to 14.90 µgm-3 on the Deepawali Day, however, much lower than the prescribed National Standard of 80 µgm-3. The corresponding values of SO2 for the year 2014 was 5.40 to 7.20 µgm-3 before Deepawali Day and was 6.00 to 10.70 µgm-3 on the Deepawali Day.

The average value of NO2 was found to be 11.70 to 13.10 µgm-3 before the Deepawali Day which increased to 18.10 to 21.20 µgm-3 on the Deepawali Day, however, much lower than the prescribed National Standard of 80 µgm-3. The corresponding value of NO2 for the year 2014 was 11.70 to 13.80 µgm-3 before and 12.70 to 18.8 µgm-3 on the Deepawali Day.

The average PM10 value for the Guwahati City on the Deepawali Day has been worked out for the year 2014 and 2015 based on the said monitoring data and was found to be about 199.88 µgm-3 and 156.43 µgm-3 respectively, which are higher than the prescribed National Standard.

The average value of noise level at Panbazar before Deepawali and during Deepawali in the year 2015 shows an increase over that in 2014 i. e. from 61.4 dB(A) to 61.7 dB(A) and 64.2 dB(A) to 82.3 dB(A) respectively, but at station Goneshguri it shows a decrease i. e. from 76.8 dB(A) to 68.2 dB(A) and 86.5 dB(A) to 74.2 dB(A) respectively.

It is significant that ambient noise level is found higher than the prescribed standard for Silence and Commercial zones (Ref. Table No. 3) in all the occasions i. e. before Deepawali and during Deepawali in the years 2014 and 2015.

The Board also monitored the Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at seven other important towns of Assam,

In the years 2014 and 2015, the noise level was measured at two locations viz, Panbazar (silence zone) and Ganeshguri (commercial zone) in the city. The data obtained through this monitoring for the years 2014 and 2015 are given in the Table No. 2.

selected locations viz., Santipur, Gopinath Nagar, Bamunimaidam, and Khanapara for three parameters such as NO2, SO2 and PM10. The data obtained through this monitoring for the years 2014 and 2015 are given in the Table No. 1.

Table No. 1: Ambient Air Quality during Pre- Deepawali and Deepawali Days in Guwahati City

(based on 24 hrs. monitoring), 2014 and 2015

Table No. 3: Ambient Noise Level standard in dB(A)

Table No. 2: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Guwahati City during Pre-Deepawali and

Deepawali, 2014 and 2015

Table No. 4: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Tezpur Town during Pre- Deepawali and


Table No. 1: Ambient Air Quality Status during Pre- Deepawali and Deepawali Days at various locations in Guwahati City

(based on 24 hrs. monitoring), 2014 and 2015

Location (all residential) Date of monitoring

SO2

(µg m-3) NO2

(µg m-3) PM10

(µg m-3) 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

Santipur During Pre-

Deepawali

15-10-2014 and

05-11-2015

6.20 7.20 12.10 12.20 48.40 75.50 Gopinath nagar 5.40 6.00 11.70 11.70 49.80 78.50 Bamunimaidam 7.00 8.30 12.10 13.10 46.50 86.70 Khanapara 7.20 7.70 13.80 12.70 70.90 78.90 Santipur, Ghy

During Deepawali

23-10-2014 and

11-11-2015

8.50 12.20 15.90 20.10 139.50 148.90 Gopinath Nagar 6.00 13.60 12.70 21.20 268.60 169.30 Bamunimaidam 10.70 13.80 18.30 18.10 222.40 155.00 Khanapara 10.40 14.90 18.80 20.10 169.00 152.50

Note: National Standard for Residential Areas (for 24 hrs. Monitoring)

SO2

(µg m-3) 80

NO2

(µg m-3) 80

PM10

(µg m-3) 100

Note: Time of Monitoring 6 PM to 12 PM 2.1 Findings of Ambient Air quality of Guwahati City The average value of SO2 in 2015 was found to be in the range 6.00 to 8.30 µgm-3 before the Deepawali Day which increased to 12.20 to 14.90 µgm-3 on the Deepawali Day, however, much lower than the prescribed National Standard of 80 µgm-3. The corresponding values of SO2 for the year 2014 was 5.40 to 7.20 µgm-3 before Deepawali Day and was 6.00 to 10.70 µgm-3 on the Deepawali Day.

The average value of NO2 was found to be 11.70 to 13.10 µgm-3 before the Deepawali Day which increased to 18.10 to 21.20 µgm-3 on the Deepawali Day, however, much lower than the prescribed National Standard of 80 µgm-3. The corresponding value of NO2 for the year 2014 was 11.70 to 13.80 µgm-3 before and 12.70 to 18.8 µgm-3 on the Deepawali Day.

The average PM10 value for the Guwahati City on the Deepawali Day has been worked out for the year 2014 and 2015 based on the said monitoring data and was found to be about 199.88 µgm-3 and 156.43 µgm-3 respectively, which are higher than the prescribed national standard.

3. Ambient Noise Level in Guwahati City

In the years 2014 and 2015, the noise level was measured at two locations viz, Panbazar (silence zone) and Ganeshguri (commercial zone) in the city. The data obtained through this monitoring for the year 2014 and 2015 are given in the Table No. 2.

4

Table No. 4: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Tezpur Town

during Pre- Deepawali and Deepawali, 2014 and 2015

Date of monitoring Location / Zone Noise Level [Leq dB(A)]

2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15

RLO Tezpur (R) 60.9 63.1 Mazgaon (R) 61.3 63.5 Civil Hospital (S) 60.9 63.9 Main Bazar (C) 68.1 70.6

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15


Note: Time of monitoring 6 PM to 12 midnight R – Residential, S – Silence, C – Commercial

Table no. 5: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Dibrugarh Town during Pre-Deepawali and Deepawali, 2014 and 2015

Date of monitoring Location/ zone Noise Level [Leq dB(A)]

2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15

Milan Nagar (R) 47.8 50.8 H.S.Road (C) 67.8 69.9 AMC Hospital (S) 49.2 49.9

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15



Table no. 6: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Silchar Town

during Pre-Deepawali and Deepawali, 2014 and 2015

Date of monitoring Location / Zone

Noise Level [Leq dB(A)]

2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15

Ambicapatty (R) 60.3 60.0 Janiganj (C) 67.3 66.7 Near Court Complex (S)

54.7 54.8

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15


61.5 61.0


3

Table no. 2: Ambient Noise Level (in dB(A)] at Guwahati city during Pre-Deepawali and


Date of monitoring Location /Zone

Noise Level [Leq dB(A)] 2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15-10-2014 and

05-11-2015

Panbazar - Silence

61.4 61.7

Ganeshguri - Commercial

76.8 68.2

During Deepawali

23-10-2014 and

11-11-2015

Panbazar - Silence

64.2 82.3


86.5 74.2


Table no. 3: Ambient Noise Level standard in dB(A) During day time (in

between 6AM and 10 PM) During night time

(in between 10PM and 6 AM) Industrial Zone 75 Industrial Zone 70 Commercial Zone 65 Commercial Zone 55 Residential Zone 55 Residential Zone 45 Silence Zone 50 Silence Zone 40

3.1 Findings of Ambient Noise Level, Guwahati City



4. Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at other towns of Assam

The Board also monitored the Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at seven other important towns of Assam, such as Tezpur, Dibrugarh, Silchar, Golaghat, Nagaon, Bongaigaon and Sivasagar in the years 2014 and 2015. The data generated through this monitoring are presented systematically in the following section –

3

Table no. 2: Ambient Noise Level (in dB(A)] at Guwahati city during Pre-Deepawali and


Date of monitoring Location /Zone

Noise Level [Leq dB(A)] 2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15-10-2014 and

05-11-2015

Panbazar - Silence

61.4 61.7


76.8 68.2

During Deepawali

23-10-2014 and

11-11-2015

Panbazar - Silence

64.2 82.3


86.5 74.2


Table no. 3: Ambient Noise Level standard in dB(A) During day time (in

between 6AM and 10 PM) During night time

(in between 10PM and 6 AM) Industrial Zone 75 Industrial Zone 70 Commercial Zone 65 Commercial Zone 55 Residential Zone 55 Residential Zone 45 Silence Zone 50 Silence Zone 40




4. Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at other towns of Assam

The Board also monitored the Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at seven other important towns of Assam, such as Tezpur, Dibrugarh, Silchar, Golaghat, Nagaon, Bongaigaon and Sivasagar in the years 2014 and 2015. The data generated through this monitoring are presented systematically in the following section –

2.1 Findings of Ambient Air Quality of Guwahati City


4. Ambient Noise Level at other selected towns of Assam

12


such as Tezpur, Dibrugarh, Silchar, Golaghat, Nagaon, Bongaigaon and Sivasagar in the years 2014 and 2015. The data generated through this monitoring are presented systematically in this section –

The ambient noise level in all the above towns of the State shows an increase during Deepawali Day from pre-Deepawali Days, with no uniform trend of increase. The noise level during Deepawali Day shows an increase from 2014 to 2015 in residential, commercial and silence zones in Tezpur and Nagaon towns, and in residential and commercial areas of Silchar town. The noise level in Dibrugarh, Golaghat, Bongaigaon and Sivasagar towns has decreased in all categories of locations, as residential, commercial and scilence, from the year 2014 to 2015. The maximum noise recorded during Deepawali Day in residential, commercial and in silence zones in the year 2015 was 100.9 dB(A) at H.S. Road, Dibrugarh, 80.2 dB(A) at Mazgaon, Tezpur, and 78.7 dB(A) at Civil Hospital Point, Tezpur respectively.

The concentration of SO2 and NO2 in the ambient air of Guwahati City during the Deepawali Days of 2014 and 2015 were found higher than the pre- Deepawali Days. Again, the concentration of SO2 and NO2 during the Deepawali Days of 2015 increased from Deepawali Days of 2014. However, the increases of SO2 and NO2 were well within prescribed National Standards.

PM10 value for the Guwahati City also increased

Table No. 5: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Dibrugarh Town during Pre-Deepawali and


Table No. 9: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Bongaigaon Town during Pre-Deepawali and


Table No. 10: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Sivasagar Town during Pre-Deepawali and


Table No. 6: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Silchar Town during Pre-Deepawali and Deepawali,

2014 and 2015

Table No. 7: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Golaghat Town during Pre-Deepawali and


Table No. 8: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Nagaon Town during Pre-Deepawali and


4




2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15





2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15







2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


54.7 54.8

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15


61.5 61.0


4




2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15





2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15







2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


54.7 54.8

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15


61.5 61.0


4




2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15





2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15







2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


54.7 54.8

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15


61.5 61.0


5

Table no. 7: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Golaghat Town during Pre-Deepawali and Deepawali, 2014 and 2015


2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15

Old Amulapatty (R) 47.4 .. Market Area (C) 57.4 62.9 Golaghat Civil Hospital (S) 47.5 ..

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15



Table no. 8: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Nagaon Town


Date of monitoring Location / Zone Noise Level [Leq dB(A)] 2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15

Christian Patty, Nagaon (R) 64.3 59.6 Market Area (Hoibargaon) (C) 71.3 69.0

Nagaon Civil Hospital (S) 59.0 66.9

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15

Christian Patty, Nagaon (R) 69.2 69.7 Market Area (Hoibargaon) (C) 78.0 83.8 Nagaon Civil Hospital (S) 69.0 73.2


Table no. 9: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Bongaigaon Town during Pre-Deepawali and Deepawali in the year 2014 and 2015

Date of monitoring Location Noise Level [Leq dB(A)]

2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15

Barpara (R) 50.5 49.4 Mayapuri (C) 64.7 51.8 Civil Hospital (S) 46.5 44.1

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15



5



2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15






Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15



During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15





2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15



5



2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15






Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15



During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15





2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15


During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15



6

Table no. 10: Ambient Noise Level [in dB(A)] at Sivasagar Town during Pre-Deepawali and Deepawali in the year 2014 and 2015

Date of monitoring Location /Zone Noise Level [Leq dB(A)]

2014 2015

Before Deepawali

15.10.14 and

05.11.15

Melachakar (R) 49.4 49.0 Central Market (C) 64.1 51.8 Shiva Dol (S) 47.5 43.3

During Deepawali

23.10.14 and

11.11.15

Melachakar (R) 60.3 60.0 Central Market (C) 84.9 73.1 Shiva Dol (S) 56.9 51.8


4.1 Findings of Ambient Noise Level in other selected Tows of Assam

The ambient noise level in all the above towns of the State shows an increase during Deepawali Day from pre-Deepawali Days, with no uniform trend of increase. The noise level during Deepawali Day shows an increase from 2014 to 2015 in residential, commercial and silence zones in Tezpur and Nagaon towns, and in residential and commercial areas of Silchar town. The noise level in Dibrugarh, Golaghat, Bongaigaon and Sivasagar towns has decreased in all categories of locations, as residential, commercial and scilence, from the year 2014 to 2015. The maximum noise recorded during Deepawali Day in residential, commercial and in silence zones in the year 2015 was 100.9 dB(A) at H.S. Road, Dibrugarh, 80.2 dB(A) at Mazgaon, Tezpur, and 78.7 dB(A) at Civil Hospital Point, Tezpur respectively.

Conclusion The concentration of SO2 and NO2 in the ambient air of Guwahati City during the Deepawali Days of 2014 and 2015 were found higher than the pre- Deepawali Days. Again, the concentration of SO2 and NO2 during the Deepawali Days of 2015 increased from Deepawali Days of 2014. However, the increases of SO2 and NO2 were well within prescribed National Standards.

PM10 value for the Guwahati City also increased during Deepawali Days from pre-Deepawali Days in 2014 and 2015. The average value of PM10 during Deepawali of 2014 and 2015 were 199.88 and 156.43 respectively, which were higher than the prescribed National Standard.

The noise level in all selected towns of Assam including Guwahati City increased during Deepawali Days from the pre-Deepawali Days. Ambient noise level during Deepawali Days in all categories of location residential, commercial and silence, in all the selected towns of the State is found higher than the prescribed National Standard.

However, from the above analysis, it can be concluded that large-scale bursting of firecrackers during Deepawali Days may have some impacts on ambient air of the selected towns of the State.

*****







4.1 Findings of Ambient Noise Level in other selected Towns of Assam

Conclusion

13

during Deepawali Days from pre-Deepawali Days in 2014 and 2015. The average value of PM10 during Deepawali of 2014 and 2015 were 199.88 and 156.43 respectively, which were higher than the prescribed National Standard.

The noise level in all selected towns of Assam including Guwahati City increased during Deepawali Days from the pre-Deepawali Days. Ambient noise level during Deepawali Days in all categories of

location residential, commercial and silence, in all the selected towns of the State is found higher than the prescribed National Standard.

However, from the above analysis, it can be concluded that large-scale bursting of firecrackers during Deepawali Days may have some impacts on ambient air of the selected towns of the State.<

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Plantation and Cleanliness DrivesAs a part of celebration of 70th Independence Day of India, the Pollution Control Board has organized plantation and cleanliness drives on 13th August 2016 under the jurisdiction of its Head Office at Guwahati and eight Regional Offices located at Dibrugarh, Sivasagar, Golaghat, Tezpur, Nagaon, Silchar, Bongaigaon and in Guwahati. The programme at Head Office was inaugurated by the Hon’ble Chairman of the Board Er. Hemanta Kr. Gogoi. A few moments of the drives are displayed through the following images –

Published by Er. B. K. Baruah, Member Secretary (i/c), on behalf of Pollution Control Board, Assam(An ISO 9001:2008 & BS OHSAS 18001: 2007 certified Organization & Central Laboratory)

Bamunimaidam, Guwahati - 781 021, Assam, IndiaPh. No.: 0361-2550258, Fax: 0361-2550259, E-mail: [email protected]/[email protected]

Website:www.pcbassam.orgPrinted @ Fairgraphics Media Services (P) Ltd, Bamunimaidam, Guwahati - 21, Assam, India

Editor: Kanteswar Kalita

parivesh batoripcbassam.org/newsletter/parivesh batori_vol._ xix_no.2.pdfwed,2016 at srimanta...

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