Parliamentary Procedures and Public Speaking

Essential Standard 1.0: Examine leadership opportunities related to horticulture industry

Objective 1.02

Demonstrate parliamentary procedures and public speaking used in Horticulture Business Meetings

Organizing your FFA Meetings Using

What is Parliamentary Procedure?

Parliamentary procedure is a systematic way of organizing meetings.

Parliamentary procedure is governed by Robert’s Rules of Order.

Purposes of Parliamentary Procedure

1. Focuses on one item at a time – helps prevent confusion

2. Extend courtesy to everyone – You should be recognized before you speak

3. Observe the rule of the majority – keeps unpopular ideas from being adopted

4. Ensure the rights of the minority – all sides can make motions, second motions, discuss, and vote.

Purposes of Parliamentary Procedure

5. Definition of Parliamentary Procedure – uses well-defined rules to conduct business through a formal, organized approach using Roberts Rules of Order.

6. Presiding officer should be fair and impartial – leaves chairman’s station and relinquishes chairman’s duties to discuss or present a motionSymbol of authority is the gavel

The Gavel

The president uses the gavel to control aspects of the meeting.

The number of taps determines the meaning.

Number of taps

One Tap

Tells members to be seatedUsed after passing or rejecting a main motionUsed after the announcement that the meeting is adjourned

Number of taps

Two taps-calls the meeting to order

Three taps-symbol to rise during opening/closing ceremonies

Series of taps-used to bring the group to order

Presiding Officer Chapter FFA

President Must be fair and

impartial Must relinquish the

chair when the president desires to discuss business

Parli. Pro. Vocabulary

Agenda Motion Amend Majority – more than half, group that controls most votes Minority – less than half, opposite of majority Quorum

Agenda

A list of what will be discussed at a business meeting. The agenda should be prepared before the meeting.

Quorum

The amount of people that must be present for the group to make decisions or changes.

The number varies with kind of assembly Legislative assembly – often set the quorum as a majority of the

total membership present in order for business to be transacted Voluntary associations (ordinary societies) – may use a smaller

number than a majority for their quorum to conduct business Most groups include their requirement for a quorum in the bylaws

Motions

Main Motion

Used to get group approval for a new project or some other course of action

Wording: “I move” NOT “I make a motion”

Main Motion

Requires second Debatable Amendable Majority vote required Can be reconsidered

Steps in making a Main Motion

1. Address the presiding officer2. Receive recognition3. State the motion4. Obtain a “second”5. Discussion6. Vote7. Presiding officer announces results

Types of Voting

1. Voice Vote

2. Visual Standing Show of hands

3. Roll Call

4. Ballot

Amendments

Used to change a main motion

3 ways to amend: addition, substitution, striking out

Wording: “I move to amend the motion”

Amendments

Requires second Debatable Amendable Majority vote required Can be reconsidered

Adjourn

Used to end a meeting

Wording: “I move to adjourn”

Adjourn

Cannot be debated Cannot be amended Cannot be reconsidered Requires second Requires majority vote

Appeal

Changes a decision made by the chair

Wording: “I appeal the decision of the chair”

Appeal

Requires a second Debatable Can be reconsidered Not amendable Majority vote required

Point of Order

Used when one believes a parliamentary error has been made

Wording: “I rise to a point of order”

Point of order

Not debatable Not Amendable Does not require

second Cannot be

reconsidered No vote required

Division of the House

Calls for a counted vote

Wording: “I call for a division of the house.”

Division of the House

Not debatable Not Amendable Does not require second Cannot be reconsidered No vote required

Lay on the table

To postpone a motion to the next meeting Motion must be taken from the table at the next meeting

to be discussed Wording: “I move to lay this motion on the table”

Lay on the table

Requires second Not debatable Not amendable Cannot be

reconsidered Majority vote

Previous question

Used to stop debate and vote

Wording: “I move to previous question”

Previous question

Second required Not debatable Not amendable Can be reconsidered before vote 2/3 vote required

Refer to committee

Used to gain more information on a motion before voting

Wording: “I move to refer this motion to a committee to report at our next meeting.”

Refer to committee

Second required Debatable Amendable Can be reconsidered Majority vote

MISSION POSSIBLE

Your mission should you choose to accept it (and you will), is to hold a meeting using parliamentary practices based on one of the following topics:

FFA Camp FFA convention Chapter banquet Chapter fundraising

Public Speaking

Communicating with others

Oral Communication is one of the most important factors in being successful

Speeches

Types Informative – give information Persuasive – given to change or sway someone or

the minds of the audience Methods for delivery

Extemporaneous Speech with little or no preparation A speech that is delivered without being written word-for-

word

Prepared

Building a Speech

Introduction

Body

Conclusion

Creating a Speech

Purpose Audience Occasion

Topic

Choose a topic that interests you Choose a topic you are knowledgeable about Choose a topic of interest to your audience

Writing a Speech

Brainstorm with a list of topics and write down key words. Gather information from a variety of materials, books,

internet, personal interviews, etc. Write down your ideas including, name of source, web

addresses, page numbers, and author.

Writing a Speech Cont.

Create an outline to help you organize your ideas. Write the speech the way you talk

Introduction

Capture attention Enthusiasm and Emotion Indicate the need for the speech Makes the audience want to know more Short stories and real life is a good start

Body

The largest part of the speech Contains the information you want to

tell Consist of several major points

surrounded by a central objective Arrange in a logical order

Conclusion

Remind the audience of the objective or topic Move people to action Use powerful well planned words Summarizes the main points of the speech

Keys to a good Speech

Preparation, practice and more practice Practice in front of others Have people provide feedback Watch and listen to yourself

Use a mirrorVideo

Delivering a Speech

Stage Presence posture appearance attitude confidence personality poise and body posture

Speaking Skills

For a thorough rubric to improve speaking skills refer to National Prepared Public Speaking CDE