PARRISH ART MUSEUM

George Liu & Yonggyun Noh

HERZOG & DE MUERON

Herzog & de Meuron Basel Ltd. is a Swiss architecture fi rm with its head offi ce in Basel, Switzerland. Her-zog and de Meuron initially didn’t study architecture in college. Herzog studied commercial design before attending the university of Basel to study biology and chemistry and de Meuron majored in civil engineer-ing. Unable to be satisfi ed with their chosen majors, both began to study architecture, fi rst at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology at Lausanne and then at the Institute’s Zurich campus. They received their degree in 1975 and along with Also Rossi established their joint practice – Herzog & de Meuron in Ba-sel1978.

Herzog & de Meuron have designed a wide range of projects from private houses to large scale urban design. Many of the projects are highly recognized public facilities, such as stadiums and museums; they have also completed many distinguished private projects, which include apartments, offi ces and facto-ries. Currently Herzog & de Meuron is a partnership that is led by fi ve Senior Partners –Jacques Herzog, Pierre de Meuron, Christine Binswanger, Ascan Mergenthaler and Stefan Marbach. Within the fi rm they have an international team of 38 Associates and about 362 collaborators that work on projects across Europe, North and South America and Asia. The fi rm‘s main offi ce is in Basel with additional offi ces in Hamburg, London, Madrid, New York and Hong Kong.

In 2001, Herzog & de Meuron were awarded the Pritzker Prize, the highest of honours in architecture. Jury chairman J. Carter Brown commented, “One is hard put to think of any architects in history that have addressed the integument of architecture with greater imagination and virtuosity.” This in reference to Herzog & de Meuron’s innovative use of exterior materials and treatments, such as silkscreened glass. Architecture critic and Pritzker juror Ada Louise Huxtable summarized Herzog & de Meuron’s approach concisely: “They refi ne the traditions of modernism to elemental simplicity, while transforming materials and surfaces through the exploration of new treatments and techniques.”

Herzog and de Meuron’s work can be described by a few word-minimalism and ornament, cosmetic and structural, image and body. Their designs have a common and similar perspective on nature, which makes them carry out a simple form that is usually described as a shape of a box. A shape of a box con-sists of a fl at roof and large windows. Both architects carry out an “organic” philosophy, which means that their buildings and natural surroundings are designed to fi t together.

Their engagement of expressing themselves through materiality is something that can be seen and ad-mired through all their projects. They established themselves at the center of architectural colloquy just by their artistic works and their process of organizing and collecting materials at the heart of their work. Their techniques have changed from the purist simplicity of rectangular forms to more complex and dynamic geometries through out the years. It is said that their success can be connected to their skills in releasing unfamiliar or unknown bonds by utilizing innovative materials such as woven copper strips or photograph-ically printed polycarbonate panels. . The architects often cite Joseph Beuys as an enduring artistic inspi-ration and collaborate with different artists on architectural projects for example Ai Weiwei on “Beijing Na-tional Stadium “. Herzog & de Meuron create their project by using traditional techniques and carry on the design process at all times and in any place, they use sketches on paper rather than by computer. Herzog & de Meuron look at their sketches as a works of art and for that reason they exhibit and sells them.Some of the well know building that Herzog & de Meuron has done are Tate Modern in London, Beijing National Stadium or other wise know “Birds Nest”. Some of the more recent projects are 1111 Lincoln Road car park in Miami, Parrish Art Museum in Water Mill, NY and VitraHaus located in Weilam Rhein, Germany.

PARRISH ART MUSEUM

“We set the basic parameters for a single gallery space by distilling the studio’s proportions and adopting its simple house section with north-facing skylights. Two of these model galleries form wings around a central circulation spine that is then bracketed by two porches to form the basis of a straightforward building extrusion. The fl oor plan of this extrusion is a direct transla-tion of the ideal functional layout.” Herzog & de Meuron

“Our design for the Parrish Art Museum is a reinterpretation of a very genuine Herzog & de Meuron typology, the traditional house form. What we like about this typology is that it is open for many different functions, places and cultures. Each time this simple, almost banal form has become something very specifi c, precise and also fresh.” Jacques Herzog

Parrish Art Museum is a 34,510-square-foot building that is built on a fourteen-acre site in Water Mill, New York. The architects Herzog & de Mueron drew their inspiration of the building from the surround-ing landscape and artist studios in Long Island’s East End. This act as the starting point for the design of the art museum which began with the idea for a single gallery space, which uses the proportions of a artist studio and the classic house shaped section with skylight that face north. Two galleries fl ank a central circulation spine that produces the simple extruded form of the building. The classical house form is a simple and clean design that fi t and blend in with the surrounding landscape which fi t Herzog and de Meuron’s “organic” philosophy.

The building has an east-west orientation to take advantage of the north light which penetrates the gallery spaces allowing the daylight to shifts gradually throughout the day and changing seasons. The incidental diagonal relationship within the site generate dramatic change of perspective views of the building and further emphasizes the building’s extreme yet simple proportions. To take part in the sur-rounding landscape from with in, larger sections of glass is used to provide broad open views through the museum, which is designed by Reed Hilderbrand Associates. The building lays in an extensive meadow that features grasses, native wildfl owers and a hedgerow of oak and evergreen trees that provide a northern boundary of the site. Large overhangs runs the full length of the building provide shelter for outdoor porches and terraces that creates large public space for visitors.

The layout of the museum is simple and designed to optimize the functionality of the museum. A clus-ter of ten galleries is the center of the museum, laid out within a structural grid with sliding partition walls that can be rearranged to accommodate a wide variety of exhibitions with the total area of avail-able exhibition space at 12,000 square-foot. Public programs like the lobby, gift shop, and cafe with a multipurpose educational space located at the west side of the building. The back of house functions are located to the east which includes administration, storage, workshops and loading dock.

The development of the structure for the building is guided by local construction methods and simple material selection. An ordered sequence of wood post, beam and truss construction makes up the backbone of the building. The exterior walls of in situ concrete act as long bookends to the overall building form, a continuous bench that extends from the concrete walls gives the visitor a place to sit, relax and enjoy the surrounding landscape.

Site plan with trees

Roof, Main Floor Plans and Sections

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2 Terrace3 Entrance4 Cafe5 Exhibition Spaces6 Administration7 Archive

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Circulation

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View 1

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View 1. Terrace View 2. Exterior Wall View 3. Entrance View 4. Exhibition Space

The large terrace on the west side of the building create a large sheltered outdoor space for people to enjoy the view and it is also connected to the cafe which provides out door sitting.

The exterior concrete wall runs east and west on both side of the building with a bench that extends out to provide sitting for people to view the sur-rounding landscape.

The Entrance is located between the galleries and the public space were they can be easily ac-cessed. Because of the concrete wall the entrance gives a feeling of being carved out which give a sense that the exterior blend into the interior.

The exhibition space is at the heart of the building with one open exhibition space in the middle and a corridor that divided the enclosed exhibition space north and south. All the exhibition space have sky-light that bring in the northern light to lit the space during the day.

Lighting

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Exterior Lights

Interior Lights

The gallery is lighted by skylights that runs along the length of the galleries, there are not other natural light source that brings light into the space. At night the gal-leries is lit by fl orescent light bulb that rest on the roof parallel to the walls.

The skylights that face north are in a row of three to capture most of the northern sun light, and skylights that face south are single unit. With the used of skylights and use of lighting controls that dimmed the light from full output when natural light is not enough the museum can achieve a lighting energy savings of 82% within the galleries. The skylight is installed by Westhampton Glass.

The exterior of the building uses a single energy effi cient light bulb per fi xture that is attached to the roof support.Gallery Lighting

Exterior Lighting

Plumbing & Sprinkler

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Bathroom

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The larger restroom and cafe is located on the west end of the building with smaller single person restroom located on the east end. There wasn’t any information on the plumbing of the building but we assume the pipes runs from the restrooms and cafe down in to the basement were the plumbing system might be at.

Plumbing

The other water system within the building is the sprinkler system. The sprinkler runs north south on the ceiling along the roof support. There are 2 sprinkler for every 4 roof support. We assume the sprinkler uses a different system from the restroom and cafe because not matter what happens to the restroom and cafe the sprinkler always have to have water available.

Structure & Construction

Sequence of Construction

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Steel Column

Reinforced Conc. Wall

From Left to right and top to bottom

Digital Model

Intergration Detail

PLANNING Design Consultant:Herzog & de Meuron, Basel, Switzerland

Executive Architect:Douglas Moyer Architect PC, Sag Harbor, NY, USA

Mechanical Engineering:Buro Happold, New York, NY, USA

Structural Engineering:S.L. Maresca & Associates, Hampton Bays, NY, USA

Furniture Design:Konstantin Grcic Industrial Design, Munich, Germany

Landscape Architect:Reed Hilderbrand Associates Inc, Watertown, MA, USA

Lighting Designer:ARUP Lighting (Andy Sedgwick), London, UK

CONSULTING

Geotechnical Consultant:Langan, New York, NY, USA

Security Consultant:Ducibella Venter & Santore, North Haven, CT, USA

AV/IT/Acoustics Consultant:Shen/Milsom/Wilke, New York, NY, USA

Civil / Environmental Engineer:Nelson, Pope & Voorhis Engineers & Surveryors, Mellville, NY, USA

Commissioning Agent:Dometech, Edison, NJ, USA

Concrete Consultant:Reginald D. Hough, Rhinebeck, NY, USA

Lighting Engineer:ARUP Lighting, New York, NY, USA

Signage Design:LaPlaca Cohen, New York, NY, USA

Soil Engineer:D.B. Bennett, P.E., East Hampton, NY, USA

Surveyor:Saskas Surveying Company, P.C., East Hampton, NY, USA

USE / FUNCTION Visitor Services: 3,740 sqft / 347 m2 incl. lobby, shop, restrooms, coats

Cafe: 1,050 sqft / 98 m2

Multipurpose Theater: 2,880 sqft / 268 m2 incl. projection & changing rm 194 seats (un-fixed)

Galleries: 12,200 sqft / 1,133 m2

Administrative Offices: 4,230 sqft / 393 m2

Archive: 1,940 sqft / 180 m2 incl. art storage, works on paper

Storage: 2,580 sqft / 240 m2

Circulation: 1,610 sqft / 150 m2

Exterior Covered: 13,500 sqft / 1,255 m2 incl. covered terraces and porches

Basement Mechanical: 15,900 sqft / 1,477 m2

FIRM Herzog & de MeuronTYPE Cultural › Museum YEAR 2010SIZE 1,000,000 +

SITE AREA 55,890 meter-squareGROSS FLOOR AREA 4,673 meter square

Herzog & de Meuron Project Team Partners: Jacques Herzog, Pierre de Meuron, Ascan Mergenthaler (Partner in Charge)

Project Team: Philip Schmerbeck (Associate, Project Director), Jayne Barlow (Associ-ate), Raymond Jr. Gaëtan, Jack Brough, Marta Brandão, Sara Jacinto, Tom Powell, Nils Sanderson, Leo Schneidewind, Camia Young

CONTRACTORS General Contractor:Ben Krupinksi Builders, East Hampton, USA

Electrical:CM Richey Electrical, Ronkonkoma, NY, USA

Fire Protection:Chevally Enterprises, Ronkonkoma, NY, USA

Insulation:Cary Insulation, Bohemia, NY, USA

Plumbing:North Sea Plumbing and Heating, Southampton, NY, USA

Roofing:Dynasty RSW, LLC, Calverton, NY, USA

Signage:Precision Signs, Amityville, NY, USA

Concrete:Palatial Concrete, Calverton, NY, USA

Decorative Metal:La Forge Francaise Ltd., Riverhead, NY, USA

Excavator:Bistrian Materials, East Hampton, NY, USA

Exterior Siding:Louis Dion, Babylon, NY, USA

Geothermal Wells:Casola Well Drillers, Southampton, NY, USA

HVAC Contractor:Kolb Mechanical, Mattituck, NY, USA

HVAC Controls:County Pneumatic Controls, Inc., East Quogue, NY, USA

Landscape:Whitmores , East Hampton, NY, USA

Low Voltage Contractor:Bri-tech, Bohemia, NY, USA

Masonry:MOE Masonry Inc., SOuthampton, NY, USA

Metal Framing:LoCascio Enterprises, East Islip, NY, USA

Millwork:Michael Verde Millwork, Bridgehampton, NY, USA

Painting:Mims Family Painting, Shirley, NY, USA

Pilings:James H. Rambo, Southampton, NY, USA

Site Lighting Poles:Greg Smith Electrical, Kings Park, NY, USA

Steel:Tebbens Steel, Calverton, NY, USA

Stucco:Classic Construction, Holbrook, NY, USA

Tile:Lido Stone Works, Calverton, NY, USA

Water Mains, Utilities:RCR Contracting, Hampton Bays, NY, USA

Windows & Glass:Westhampton Architectural Glass, Westhampton Beach, NY, USA

Wood Flooring:Bayshore Flooring, Ronkonkoma, NY, USA

Wood Framing:FBC Contractors, Center Moriches, NY, USA

Citation

“Parrish Art Museum.” arcspace.com. n.p. December 10, 2012

“Herzog & de Meuron’s Parrish Art Museum: Project Team, Planning, Contrac-tors.” Art & Architecture Quarterly. Jeff Heatley. November 9, 2012

“Herzog & De Meuron.” Culture of Design – Global Design in the 21st Centruy. Ana Marroquin.

“Herzog & de Meuron.” arcspace.com. n.p. n.d.

“Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron .” encyclopaedia Britannica. The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. October 10, 2013

“ Herzog & de Meuron Parrish Art Museum”A+U: Architecture and Urbanism. March 3rd, 2013: 38-53. Print