Participants:

CNR-ISACIfremerJRC-EC

European COastal-shelf sea OPerational Observing and

forecasting system Integrated Project

WP3: “Better use of remote sensing and in situ observing systems for coastal/regional seas:

Task 3.2: “Improved ocean colour algorithms and products for Case-II waters”

Bay of Biscay

Adriatic Sea

Validation of ocean products Ocean Colour products in the Bay of Biscay

ECOOP WP3.2.1

In its use of Ocean Colour products, Ifremer has particularly developed the service to users, as encouraged by MarCoast

(GMES Service Element funded by ESA)

Therefore :

-2 parameters are targeted for validation and assimilation in biological model : Chlorophyll and mineral SPM (for deriving KPAR)

- 3 parameters : SST, Chlorophyll and turbidity, are proposed for the operational monitoring required by the Water Framework Directive

Mean Chlorophyll-a

MODIS 2003-2007

weeks 17&18

Mean Mineral SPM

MODIS 2003-2007

weeks 17&18

Examples of products and the covered area

Validation at coastal station involved in coastal monitoring networks

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National in situ networks

REPHY: phytoplankton & hydrology / Ifremer

SOMLIT: hydrology / CNRS-INSU

Some stations are shifted for the matchups

Validation of the chlorophyll concentration : The 15-day climatologies SeaWiFS (1998-2004) + MODIS (2005-2006) :

the SRN Boulogne transect

P1

(Coastal)

P2P3

Percentile 90% Cabourg

Bell curve types for the chlorophyll seasonal cycle

Mean Cabourg

(nutrients from the Seine river)

Mean Ouest Loscolo

(nutrients from the Loire river)

Percentile 90% Ouest Loscolo

The validation of the satellite chlorophyll is not limited to the mean of the distribution but also to the variance. P90 is the parameter of interest for the WFD (eutrophic risk)

Percentile 90% Men er Roue

Spring and autumn peaks for the chlorophyll seasonal cycle

Mean Men er Roue

Mean Men Du Percentile 90% Men Du

Same systematic validations for Turbidity (NTU)

Cancale

Ouest Loscolo

Men er Roue Boyard

Here the shift of 3 pixels has a strong effect on satellite turbidity (lower)

ECOOP – Adriatic Sea

NB: Full reprocessing of the SeaWiFS European and global archive completed (Nov. 2007)http://oceancolour.jrc.ec.europa.eu

The Adriatic Sea includes diverse water types, eutrophic to oligotrophic, for which the OC products are still affected by significant uncertainties.

It is also covered by a wealth of field observations and

is thus an ideal test bed for advanced remote sensing methods.

The first year focused on validation of OC products.

A unique site and data set for validation of OC products

Mélin & Zibordi, GRL, 2005Mélin et al., JGR, 2006Mélin et al., RSE, 2007aClerici & Mélin, submit.

Zibordi et al., IJRS, 2004, IEEE 2004, 2006, GRL, 2006, EOS 2006Mélin & Zibordi, Appl. Opt., 2007

AAOT

Acqua Alta Oceanographic Tower

- aerosol optical thickness τa

(AERONET site; Jul. 1996 – present)

- normalized water-leaving radiances LWN: in-water optical profiles (regular campaigns since 1995) autonomous above-water radiometry (May 2002 – present)

- concentrations of optically significant constituents: Chla, TSM (regular campaigns since 1995)

- inherent optical properties (IOPs): phytoplankton, CDOM, detritus absorption, particulate back-scattering (regular campaigns since 1995)

Mélin et al., RSE, 2005, 2007b

Validation of SeaWiFS Radiometric Products

Zibordi et al., GRL, 2006, EOS 2006Mélin & Zibordi, Appl. Opt., 2007Mélin et al., submit.

SeaW

iFS

SeaPRISM

Similar analyses have been conducted for MODIS and MERIS.

SeaPRISM

Validation of Inherent Optical Properties

Mélin et al., RSE, 2005, 2007b

Phytoplankton absorption aph(λ)

Absorption by CDOM and NPP adg(λ)

Particulate back-scattering bbp(λ)

encouraging results

SeaW

iFS

SeaW

iFS

Validation of OC Chlorophyll data

Aims/activities:1.Assessment of the SeaWiFS and MODIS OC chlorophyll products in the Adriatic Sea with particular attention to the coastal waters (case 2)2.Test different bio-optical algorithms for Chla (global and Mediterranean) to select the most appropriate one.3.Define a strategy to improve the Adriatic CNR_ISAC operational regional products in coastal waters to be implemented for ECOOP TOP phase

OC data are produced in NRT by CNR-ISAC in the framework of the Adricosm Project for environmental assesment and data assimilation in models

http://gos.ifa.rm.cnr.it/adricosm/index.html

Po river discharge Ancona-Pescara

Modis Aqua6th july 2004

The Adriatic Ocean Color CAL/VAL DATA SETS

Po river discharge heavily influences the Western Adriatic Current turbid waters

Projects/cruise Stations Area Period

ADRICOSM_ER 1245 Nord Adriatic Sea 2002-2006

REQUISITE 3528 Nord and Middle 2004-2006

ADR06 150 January 2006

DART06a 159 Middle Adriatic March 2006

DART06b 57 Middle Adriatic August 2006

TOTAL 5139

In situ data set:3 oceanographic cruisesRepeated stations acquired by regional environmental agencies. 634 SeaWiFS case 2 water matchups340 case 2 water Modis matchups

MEDOC4

OC4v4

R2=0.52RMS=0.49BIAS=0.32

R2=0.52RMS=0.52BIAS=0.34

OC4v4 (MUMM)

MEDOC4 (MUMM)

R2=0.42RMS=0.49BIAS=0.27

R2=0.46RMS=0.49BIAS=0.30

CARDER

CLARK

R2=0.49RMS=0.44BIAS=0.09

R2=0.44RMS=0.50BIAS=0.30

JRC

JRC (MUMM)

R2=0.45RMS=0.43BIAS=0.09

R2=0.41RMS=0.40BIAS=0.02

Validation of SeaWiFS Chlorophyll products

1. a general overestimation of the satellite Chla in all algorithms also when the regional Adriatic algorithm (JRC) is used

2. No improvements with MUMM atmospheric correction3. Better results using Carder Algorithm (low Bias; uniform distribution)

OC3

MEDOC3

R2=0.42RMS=0.44BIAS=0.12

R2=0.44RMS=0.44BIAS=0.17

OC3 (MUMM)

MEDOC3 (MUMM)

R2=0.35RMS=0.42BIAS=0.10

R2=0.39RMS=0.42BIAS=0.13

CARDER

GSM01

R2=0.84RMS=0.24BIAS=-0.15

R2=0.59RMS=0.31BIAS=-0.08

Validation of MODIS Chlorophyll products

1. Chla overestimation using standard (OC3) and Med (MedOC3) algorithms2. No improvements with MUMM atmospheric correction3. Better results using Carder Algorithm (highest R2) but small bias

Conclusions

• An specific case 2 chla algorithm is required for the Adriatic Sea

• In meantime the Carder’s algorithm should be introduced in the CNR-ISAC Adriatic operational processing chain to estimate the chla in Case 2 while MEDOC3 should be maintained for case 1

• We need to develop of a method that produces a single chlorophyll map of the Adriatic with a different chlorophyll algorithm for case 2 and case 1 waters without introducing artificial gradients.

D3.2.1.1: Report on comparison between R/S and in-situ data (Adriatic Sea)

D3.2.1.2: Report on comparison between R/S and in-situ data (Bay of Biscay)

D3.2.1.3: Report on multi-sensor merging and dynamic bio-optical algorithm selection (Adriatic Sea)

D3.2.1.4: Report on the merging technique between OC R/S and in-situ data (Bay of Biscay)

European COastal-shelf sea OPerational Observing and

forecasting system Integrated Project

Deliverables and First-Year Status completedcompleted