The Parts of Speech

Prepared By Calvin Tan

The 8 Parts of SpeechNoun Verb Adjective Adverb Pronoun Preposition Interjection Conjunction

NounNames a person, place, thing or idea

Forms of NounsCommon/ProperSingular/PluralConcrete/AbstractDirect Objects of the PrepositionPredicate Nouns

VerbShows action or a state of being

Examples of VerbsAction VerbsLinking VerbsHelping Verbs Transitive Verbs

AdjectiveDescribes a noun or a pronoun

Adjectives answerWhat kind?Which one?How many?

AdverbDescribes a verb, adjective or another adverb

Adverbs answerHow?When?Where?Usually ends in -ly

PronounTakes the place of a noun

Pronoun ExamplesSubject PronounsObject Pronouns

PrepositionConnects a noun or pronoun to the rest of the sentence

Preposition ExamplesThe book is on the table. The book is beneath the table. The book is leaning against the table. The book is beside the table. She held the book over the table. She read the book during class

InterjectionShows strong emotion

InterjectionsInterjections are usually followed by exclamation marks

ConjunctionConnects a word or phrase

Conjunction ExamplesFANBOYS F A N B O Y S

For

And

Nor

But

Or

Yet

So

Mathematics Chapter 1 - Whole Numbers

Section I.Whole Number System

Section II.Addition & Subtraction of Whole Numbers Section Section III.Multiplication of Whole NumbersSection IV.Division of Whole Numbers

+ Addition Subtraction Multiplication Division

Multiplication Division + Addition -Subtraction

Science is the systematic study of nature and how it affects us and our environment.Science can explain natural phenomena that happen in our environment.How?Through careful observations, studies and scientific investigations.

Forensic technicianEnvironmentalist Science teacherArcheologist Doctor

VARIOUS FIELDS IN SCIENCEScience covers a very wide area of study and is divided into various fields, such as:Biology : the study of living thingsPhysics : the study of interaction of matter and energyChemistry : the study of composition and chemical properties of substances, their reactions and usesGeology : the study of rocks and mineralsAstronomy : the study of the stars and planetsMeteorology : the study of weather and climate

Wearing gogglesCarrying bottles by the body; not the neck

Bunsen burnerTripod stand and wire gauzeTest tubeCrucible

Syringe Test tube holderRetort stand and clamp

Identifying problem Forming a hypothesis Planning the experiment Controlling the variablesCollecting dataAnalysing and interpreting dataDrawing a conclusionWriting a report

List the steps of scientific investigation.

2. Write down a report on Simple pendulum experiment.

To investigate how the length of the pendulum string affect the time for 10 complete swings of the pendulum.How the length of the pendulum string affect the time for 10 complete swings of the pendulum?

If the length of the pendulum is longer, the time taken for 10 complete swing of the pendulum is longer.

Manipulated (what to change): the length of the pendulum Responding (what is observed): time taken for 10 complete swingsConstant (kept the same): mass of the pendulum bob

Pendulum bob, string/thread, retort stand and clamp, stop watchApparatus set-up:

Prepare the simple pendulum with a 10cm long thread.Pull the pendulum bob to one side, then release.Record the time taken for 10 complete oscillations in a table.Repeat the experiment using a simple pendulum of different lengths, e.g. 20cm, 30cm, 40cm and 50cm.Draw a graph showing the time taken versus length of pendulum for 10 complete oscillations.

A simple pendulum with a 10 cm long thread was prepared.The pendulum was pulled to one side, and then was released.The time taken for 10 complete oscillations was recorded in a table.The experiment was repeated using a simple pendulum with 20cm, 30cm, 40 and 50cm long.A graph showing the time taken versus length of pendulum for 10 complete oscillations was drawn.

Graph of time taken for 10 complete oscillations versus length of simple pendulum.

From the graph, we can say that:The pendulum with a longer string takes time to oscillate than the pendulum with a shorter string.2. The time taken for the pendulum to make one complete oscillation will when the pendulum string is longer.longerincrease

From the results, the hypothesis is .The time taken for the simple pendulum to make one complete oscillation with the length of the pendulum.acceptedincreases

Measurement is important because:It helps to describe things everyday;It is a part of the scientific investigation process(e.g: simple pendulum experiment)

A physical quantity is something that can be measured.There are five basic quantities: length, time, mass, temperature and electric current.Measurement of physical quantities consist of two parts:A number indicating value or how much;A unit of measurement.

Unit is a scale that helps you understand a particular measurement.S.I units: International standard unit of measurement (Systeme International d Unites).

Allow us to analyse data and compare information easily and more accurately;No confusion because there is specific symbols for each unit;Allow us to solve problems related to measurement.

Prefixes are added to units like meter and gram when we need to state values that are too small or too large.

The weight of an object is the pull of the Earth (force of gravity) on the object.The S.I unit of weight is Newton (N).The weight of any object depends on the gravitational force.The weight of an object is obtained using a spring balance or compression spring balance.

The mass of an object is the quantity of matter in the object.The S.I. unit of mass is kilogram (kg).The mass of an object can be obtained using a triple beam balance or lever balance.

Tools: ruler, metre rule, measuring tapeMeasuring the length of a straight line:Using metre rule or a rulerCorrect position of eye (to avoid parallax error)

Measuring the length of a curve:Using a ruler and a piece of threadA knot is tied at the end of a threadThe thread is stretched along the curve carefullyMake a mark at the end of the curveStretch the thread along the ruler to obtain the length

Using an opisometer

Measuring the diameter of a spherical object:Using two wooden blocks and a ruler

Using a set-square and a ruler

Measuring the diameter of an object:The external diameter is measured using external calipers and a ruler

The internal diameter is measured using internal caliper and a ruler.

Measuring the thickness of an object:The thickness of a piece of paper can be determined by measuring the thickness of a stack of papers and dividing the value of number of sheets of paper.

The thickness of a glass tube can be measured by taking the difference between its external and internal diameter.

Area is the total surface covered by an object.The SI unit is square metre (m2).Regular-shaped areas can be calculated using Mathematical formulae.Irregular-shaped areas can be estimated by using a graph paper.

Using graph paper:Trace the object on the graph paper.Estimate the area by counting the number of full squares, half full squares and more than half full squares (tick the squares)Area of the object is estimated by multiplying the number of squares with the area of one square.The area can be estimated more accurately with smaller squares.

Volume of an object is the total space occupied by the object.The SI unit is cubic metre (m3).It also can be measured in millilitre (ml).The apparatus: measuring cylinder, burette and pipette.

Measuring volumes of liquidsThe volume must be taken at the meniscus level of the liquid.Use a piece of white paper to enable the meniscus to be seen clearly.The eye is positioned at the same level of the meniscus to avoid parallax error.

Measuring volumes of solidsThe volume of regular-shaped and irregular-shaped can be measured using water displacement method.

The object to be measured must be submerged in the measuring cylinder filled with water.The volume of the water displaced is the volume of the object.

The volume of a solid can also be measured using a displacement can or a Eureka can.The volume of the water that flows out from the can is the volume of the solid measured.

The volume of a light object can be measured with the aid of a weight, for example, a stone.The stone which is tied to the cork enables the cork to be submerged in the water.

Pendidikan Sivik dan KewarganeragaanUNIT 1IDENTITI DIRICARA PERLAKUANKEPERCAYAAN DAN NILAI-NILAIIDENTITI SETIAP INDIVIDUMAKSUD POTENSI DIRI

Potensi diriMerupakan bakat, kebolehan dan kekuatan yang ada dalam diri.Mempunyai 4 aspek-Intelek-Jasmani-Emosi-Rohani

IntelekDaya fikir merangkumi:-Kemahiran asas-Berfikiran secara kreatif dan kritis-Meningkatkan ilmu pengetahuan-Memanfaatkan ilmu untuk diri dan orang lain

RohaniMenyedari bahawa tuhan itu wujudMensyukuri pemberian tuhanTaat pada ajaran agamaBerbuat baik kepada semua makhluk

EmosiPerasaan cinta dan kasih sayangMengawal emosiMengamalkan semangat perpaduanBertindak dengan wajar

JasmaniMenjaga kesihatan badanMelakukan riadahMenggunakan kemahiran dan kecergasan fizikal untuk berdikari