parts of speech
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
PARTS OF SPEECH
Quick Reference Guide
Noun: person, place, thing, or idea Verb: action Adjective: describes a noun Adverb: modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb. Preposition: Describes a relationship between two
words Conjunction: Connects words or parts of a sentence.
NOUNSPERSON
PLACE THING IDEA
Types of nouns
Possessive The table’s legProper vs. common France / countryAbstract vs. Concrete government / president
PRONOUNSA WORD USED IN PLACE OF A NOUN
I, YOU,SHE, HE, IT
WE, THEY
The Nouns Test!
Formal Tests – Does the word contain a noun-making morpheme?
organization, misconception, weirdness, statehood, government, democracy, philistinism, realtor, tenacity,
– Can the word take a plural-making morpheme? pencils, boxes (Can it be made plural or singular).
– Can the word take a possessive-making morpheme? today's, boys‘ (Can it be made possessive) Note: If a noun is plural-possessive, the apostrophe comes after the “s”
Function Tests
– Without modifiers, can the word directly follow an article and create a grammatical unit (subject, object, etc.)? the state, an apple, a crate
– Can it fill the slot in the following sentence: "(The) _________ seem(s) all right." (or substitute other predicates such as unacceptable, short, dark, depending on the word's meaning)?
Posers
Some words that are clearly other parts of speech sometimes funtion as nouns.
Ex: Running
“He is in the running for president.”
Ex: Blue
“The blue is nicer than the purple.”
Practice
Highlight all of the words that function as nouns in the song. Do not highlight nouns functioning as adjectives.
Action Words Verbs are actions, but some actions
are not very active Sleep, think, have, be
To Be
Just being is an action! Fill in the sentence– I _____ responsible.
– You ____ responsible.
– He __ responsible.is
are
am
You will need to recognize “to be” verbs as verbs
I am always forgotten. It is
hard being me.
Conjugating
Verbs change depending on who is doing the action. English conjugation is usually really simple:
To Walk Present(no addition)
Past
I, you, we, they walk walked
she, he, it, walks walked
Conjugating
Verbs change depending on who is doing the action. English conjugation is usually really simple:
To Walk Present Past
I, you, we, they walk walked
she, he, it, walks walked
Usually adds an s
Usually adds an ed
Some verbs are irregular
To Give Present Past
I, you, we, they give gave
she, he, it, gives gave
Notice that these two stay the same.
Some are very irregular
To Be Present Past
I am was
you are were
she, he, it is was
Hey! You remembered me! You are too kind!
Verbs Test
- Does it conjugate?- Can it be made present, past, or future
tense?- Can you add –ing (to the infinitive form)?
ADJECTIVESDESCRIBES A NOUN
OR PRONOUN
What a BEAUTIFUL sunset!
Adjectives test
Can it fit in this sentence:
The __________ man is very _________.
ex: The sad man is very sad.
ADVERBSDESCRIBES
VERB, ADJECTIVE, ANOTHER ADVERB
SHINING BRIGHTLY . Note: Most adverbs end in –ly
ADVERBS
What an amazingly beautiful sunset
What a
very (adv)
amazingly (adv)
(adj) beautiful
(noun) sunset.
Adverb test
The man told his story ___________.
or
The woman walked her dog _________.
PREPOSITIONS RELATES A NOUN OR
PRONOUN TO ANOTHER WORD IN THE SENTENCE
In other words, it’s anything you can do to a box.
PREPOSITIONS
You can go– In the box– Over the box– Through the box– Around the box– On the box– Near the box
PREPOSITIONS
You can alsoSit with the boxStand next to the boxThink about the boxLook after the boxArrive before the box
WORD OR PHRASE USED TO EXPRESS STRONG EMOTION
OR SURPRISE
YIKES!
CONJUNCTIONS
CONNECTS WORDS OR INDIVIDUAL GROUPS OF WORDS
AND, BUT, OR, NOR,FOR, SO, YETEITHER, OR, NEITHER, NOR,
WATER AND ROCKS
Period 2
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