Parts of Speech

NounsFunction: To name a person, place, thing, or idea Examples:

teacher Ms. Grassman

school desk knowledge, wisdom

student Jane bus backpack intelligence, studiousness

owner Spot doghouse dog loyalty, pride

programmer

Programmer Analyst

office computer calculations, data

soldier Captain battlefield uniform courage, bravery

couple Mr. and Mrs. Smith

home rings love, fidelity

Verbs

Function: To show action or state of being

Examples: Action VerbsRun Walk LaughHug Write Watch

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Helping Verbsis am are was

were be been beingdo does did has have

had can may will shall could would should might must

Linking Verbsis am are was

were be been being

adjectivesFunction: To modify (describe) a NOUN, answers: Which one?What kind?How many?Examples: Tall house Red car That pencilTwo girls Pretty flowers This roomFerocious sharks Wondrous wizards

adverbsFunction: To modify (describe) a verb, adjective, or other adverb

Answers:When?

Where? Why? How?

To What Extent? Under What Condition?

Examples:Wait patientlyBoldly spokenBright red balloonFinally, school starts.Second Period is next

PrepositionsFunction: To show relation spatially or in time

Examples:about above across after against along among around at before behind below beneath beside between beyond but by Despite down during except for from in inside intolike near of off on onto out outside over past sincethrough throughout till to toward under underneathuntil up upon with within without

*Prepositional Phrases: in the book

by the tree after the bell

Pronouns

Function: To replace a noun so as to be less repetitive Examples: Personal Pronouns: I, you, she, he, it, we, you, they Objective Personal Pronouns: me, you, her, him, it, us, you, them Possessive Personal Pronouns: mine, yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs

Demonstrative Pronouns: this, that, these, those, this, that Interrogative/Relative Pronouns (depending on usage): who, whom,

which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever Indefinite Pronouns: all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything,

each, everybody, everyone, everything, few, many, nobody, none, one, several, some, somebody, someone

Reflexive Pronouns: myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves

Intensive Pronouns: myself, himself, themselves

conjunctionsFunction: To link words, phrases, and clauses

Examples:Coordinating Conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet (FANBOYS)Subordinating Conjunctions: after, although, as, because,before, how, if, once, since, than, that, though, till, until,when, where, whether, whileCorrelative Conjunctions: both...and, either...or,neither...nor, not only...but also, so...as,whether...or

interjections

Function: To conveyEmotion or emphasis – always separated from sentence with a punctuation.

Examples: Ouch! That hurt!Oh no, I forgot that the exam was today.Hey! Put that down!I heard one guy say to another guy, "He has a new car, huh?“I don't know about you but, goodness, I think taxes are too high!