parts of speech ppt4

8/6/2019 Parts of Speech Ppt4

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PRESENTATION

ON

PARTS OF SPEECH

Presented by Group C

Mr. Ashok Mhaske , Soil and Water Conservation

Mr. Roshan Wakode , Land Resource Management

Mr. Abhay Shirale, Soil Science Agricultural Chemistry

Mr. Ashish Gajare, Land Resource Management

Mr. Shivaji Waware, Plant Pathology

Mr. Ninad Wagh, Soil Science Agricultural Chemistry


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PARTS OF SPEECH


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THERE AREEIGHT PARTS OF

SPEECH

1. Noun2. Pronoun

3. Verb

4. Adverb

5. Adjective

6. Preposition

7. Conjunction

8. Interjection


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1. NOUN- Words that name people, places and things are callednouns

TYPES OF NOUNS

1. (A) COMMON NOUN :- A word which names a person, place or thing in general is

common noun e.g.- king, province, girl

(B)PROPER NOUNS :- The name of particular, person or place e.g.-Raj, Rahul, Nagpur.

2. (A) CONCRETE NOUN

Name of something that can be detected by the five senses. e.g. table, house(B) ABSTRACT NOUN

Noun of some qualities which do not exist in the real world and cannot be felt, tasted,

seen, heard or touched, e.g. honesty, pride, beauty, friendship.

3. COLLECTIVE NOUNName of the group or collection of people, places and things. e.g. team, crowd, scientist

4. MASS NOUN

Noun of things that can be counted like apples, Chairs, dollars, and also called as count

noun.


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FORMS OF NOUNS

1) SINGULAR

Noun may be singular referring to one, e.g.-Boy, girl.

2) PLURAL

Noun referring to more than one e.g. boys, girls.

3) POSSESSIVE

Noun shows ownership, belonging, or that something is part of

something else. They are easy to find in a sentence because they

always include an apostrophe (). That girls mother is my mother

in law.


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2. PRONOUNS

Words which used instead of noun (the names

of people, places, and things) that have already been

mentioned, or that the speaker/writer assumes are

understood by the listener/reader.


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TYPES OF PRONOUNS

1.PERSONAL PRONOUN e.g.- I,me,my,mineyou,your,your,we,us,our,ours

2.INDEFINITE PRONOUNS e.g.- Everybody should sit in his/her seat.

3.DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS e.g. Give her the book. Give her this.

4.REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS e.g.- Rahul fixed the car himself

5.EMPHATIC PRONOUNS e.g.- He fixed the car himself.

6.RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS e.g.- She taught her children to help one another

7.INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS e.g.-Who is going to the dance next week?

8.RELATIVE PRONOUNS e.g.-The man who is wearing the red shirt just robbed the bank.


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PRONOUNS ARE ALSO GROUPED BY PERSON

Person Singular Plural

First Person me, my, mine we, us, our, ours

Second Person you, your, yours you, your, yours

Third Person he, him, his, his he,

her, hers it.

they, them, their,

theirs


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3. VERBS

A sentence is not a sentence without at least one verb.

TYPES OF VERBS

ACTION VERBS show that something is being done or that something is

happening.

e.g. Thechildrenran afterthedog

Shedrives verycarefullywhenitssnowing.Action verbs may also show mental action that cannot be seen or observed.

e.g. She thought about what she had done

STATE OF BEING VERBS- Thesenon-action verbsaresometimescalled

linking verbsorcopula verbs. Theyshowthatsomethingorsomebody exists.e.g. I am here.

Youwill be successful.

Johnis tired.


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FORMS OF VERBS

AUXILIARY OR HELPING VERBS

A verb can sometimes be made up of more than one word,

called a verb phrase. Within a verb phrase, the word that expresses

the action is called the main verb and the other words that tell whenthe situation took place are called auxiliary verbs.

Ex-I was looking toher.

I will travel to Islamabadonthetrain.

Did youwrite thatpoem.

In the above sentences was, will and did are helping or auxiliary

verb. looking, travel and write are the main verbs.


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IRREGULAR VERB

As you may have noticed, some verbs

form their principal parts by changing their spelling. These verbs

are called irregular verbs..

REGULAR VERB

Regular verb do not change their form with tences.

PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

Throw, Threw Thrown

Spring Sprang Sprung

Feel Felt felt

Ring Rang Rung

Drink Drank Drunk

PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

Cut Cut Cut

Put Put Put

Shut Shut Shut


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4. ADVERBS:

A word that modifies the meaning of the verb or an adjective.Kinds of Adverb :-

I) Simple adverbs

1) Adverbs of time :- which shows when e.g. she will come now.

2) Adverbs of frequency :- which shows how often e.g. she sings

daily.

3) Adverbs of place :- which shows where e.g. Go there.

4) Adverbs of manner :- which shows how e.g. Jenifer reads clearly.5) Adverbs of degree or quality :- which shows how much e.g. Tina

is too careless.

6)Adverbs affirmation :-Certainty of action e.g. Surely she will pass.

7) Adverbs of reason :- She therefore accepted his proposal.


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II) Interrogative adverb :-when adverbs are used in asking questions.

e.g. Where is Indira.

III) Relative adverb :-

It refers back to a noun as their antecedent

e.g. This is the reason why I left job.


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5. ADJECTIVES

Adjectives are words which add details about the nouns in asentence. Adjectives are usually placed before the nouns or pronouns

they modify. However, adjectives can occasionally be found after nouns

and pronouns.

e.g.: The book is heavy.

The tourists are American

Types of Adjectives:-

Adjective of quality:- show the kind or quality of the person or things

e.g. Nagpur is beautiful city

Adjective of quantity :- shows how much of things

e.g. Rajnikant has little intelligence.

Adjective of number :- shows how many persons or things

e.g. Hritik has six fingers in right hand


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Demonstrative adjective :- point out which person or things

e.g. I hate such things

Interrogative adjective :- e.g. Whose book is this?

Amphasizing adjective :- e.g. I saw it with my own eyes.

Exclamatory adjective :- e.g. what an idea !


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6. PREPOSITIONS:

Prepositions are little words that show the relationship

between nouns/pronouns or tell when, where, how the

action in a verb took place.

Kinds of Prepositions :-

1) Simple Preposition :- at, in, off, on, out, to, up, with.

e.g. There is a cow in the field.

2) Compound Preposition :- formed by prefixing prepositions

like about, above, beside, between.

e.g. Shriram seats beside Sita.

3) Phrase Preposition :- Group of words which used as single

proposition.

e.g. : Theywere standingin the middle of the football field.

in the middle of is the preposition and in the middle of the

football fieldis the complete phrase.


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7. CONJUNCTIONSConjunctions are also joining words and are sometimes called

connectives. A conjunction may join words, phrases or clauses.

TYPES OFCONJUNCTIONS

CO-ORDINATECONJUNCTIONS

Co-ordinate conjunctions join words that are the same part of speech: a noun

with a noun; an adjective with an adjective; and so on. There are only seven

coordinate conjunctions: and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so.

e.g. The catand the dogalways eatandsleep together.

CORRELATIVECONJUNCTIONS

This small group of joining words are similar to co-ordinate conjunctions, but they

are always used in pairs. not only/butalso.

e.g. Kareena is notonlybeautifull, butalsoclever.


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CONJUNCTIVEADVERBS

Are used to join two complete sentences that are very closely related in

meaning.

Ex- Lightning struck the old farmhouse. The old farmhouse burned to the

ground Although these could be two unconnected events, in this case,

The house burned down because it was struck by lightning.

Lightning struck the old farmhouse; therefore, it burned to the ground.

Lightning struck the old farmhouse; consequently, it burned to the

ground.

List of some common conjunctive adverbs. Therefore, moreover, thus,

consequently, as a result, however, nevertheless, hence, otherwise, besides,

anyway, instead, meanwhile, furthermore, still.


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Anot r roup of or r oft n used as conjunctions. These are

called subor i t onjunctions. They are used to join t o ideas which

otherwise would require two separate sentences.

e. .-1.She sconfused. Shedidnt sk nyquestions.

Althoughshe sconfused, shedidnt sk nyquestions.

2. The road assli ery. The truckdri ersstoppedcarefully.

The truckdri ersstoppedcarefullybecause the road asslippery.

SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS


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8. INTERJECTIONS

Interjections are the eighth and final part of speech. Interjections are

exclamations and may be followed by an exclamation point (!) or a comma.

They are straightforward and simple to use because they are not related to

any other word in the sentence.

e. g.

Whew! Ouch!

Oh! My goodness!

Eek! Yuck!

Wow, did you see the grateful dead concert.

Boy, that was a funny episode with Robin Williams.


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parts of speech ppt4

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