parts of the cell
TRANSCRIPT
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Parts of the Cell
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Go to Section:
Animal Cell
NucleusNucleolus
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
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Cell Organelles and Function
1. Nucleus– Nickname: “The Control Center”– Function: holds the DNA– Parts:
• Chromatin: strands that contain genetic material
• Nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps make ribosomes
– Plant and animal cells
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Go to Section:
Animal Cell
NucleusNucleolus Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
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Cell Organelles and Function
2. Ribosomes– Function: makes proteins– Found in all cells– Located: Cytoplasm
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Go to Section:
Animal Cell
NucleusNucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
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Cell Organelles and Function
3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)– Nickname: “freeway”– Function: The internal delivery system of
the cell – Located: Cytoplasm– Plant and animal cells
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Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
NucleusNucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Complex
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
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Cell Organelles and Function
4. Golgi Complex– Nickname: The shippers– Function: packages, modifies, and
transports materials to different location inside/outside of the cell
– Appearance: stack of pancakes– Located: Cytoplasm– Plant and animal cells
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Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Animal Cell
NucleusNucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
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Cell Organelles and Function
5. Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes)
– Nickname: “Clean-up Crews” (think Lysol)– Function: to break down food into particles
the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells
– Located: Cytoplasm– Plant and animal cells
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Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal CellsAnimal Cell
NucleusNucleolus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies
MitochondriaCell Membrane
Cytoplasm
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Cell Organelles and Function
6. Mitochondria– Nickname: “The Powerhouse”– Function: makes energy
• Breaks down food to make ATP– ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that
require energy
– Located: Cytoplasm– Plant and animal cells
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Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
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Cell Organelles and Function
7. Vacuoles– Function:
• Plant Cells– Very large
– stores water
– This is what makes lettuce crisp
» When there is no water, the plant wilts
• Animal Cells– Smaller than in plant cells– Stores/releases waste products – used in cellular digestion
– Located: Cytoplasm
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Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
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Cell Organelles and Function
8. Chloroplasts– Function: traps energy from the sun to
produce food for the plant cell– Located: Cytoplasm– Green in color because of chlorophyll,
which is a green pigment– Plant cells ONLY
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Looking inside Chloroplasts
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Section 7-2
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Go to Section:
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
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Cell Organelles and Function
9. Cell Wall– Function: provides support and protection to
the cell membrane– Located: Found outside the cell membrane
in plant cells only
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Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
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Cell Organelles and Function
10. Cell Membrane– Functions:
• separates the inside of the cell from its environment
• Controls what substances enter and leave the cell (think door)
– Oxygen, carbon dioxide, wastes, food, etc…
– Located:• In plant cells, it is to the inside of the cell wall• In animal cells, it is the outermost part of the cell
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Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells